1)Compare and contrast the spread of Christianity and Islam. Using specific countries/societies as examples, what forms of government were established to rule? What was the importance of social distinctions?
2) How were the Muslim lands governed from 900 to 1400, and what new challenges did rulers face? What was the Islamic Golden Age?
3) What characterized trans-Saharan trade, and how did it affect West African society such as the Sudan? How does West African society compare to East African city states?
4)How did Chinggis Khan and his successors conquer much of Eurasia, and how did the Mongol conquests change the regions affected? What was the result of India’s encounters with Turks, Mongols, and Islam?
5)What were the causes, course, and consequences of the Crusades? Why have the later Middle Ages been seen as a time of calamity and crisis? (Hundred Years War, Black Death, and Peasant Revolts).

This is for my final exam tomorrow only one of these is gonna be it so help

When facing a decision that comprises several attractive alternatives, such a scenario automatically poses a trade-off. Each alternative involves certain pros and cons, and choosing one means rejecting the positive outcomes provided by others.

The opportunity cost comprises the benefits lost when choosing one alternative over the others. Therefore, the alternative with the lowest opportunity cost is the optimal choice.

Evaluating trade-offs and opportunity costs is crucial when making choices because it allows you to consider the potential benefits and drawbacks of each option, ultimately helping you make a more informed decision.

When making choices, it's essential to consider the trade-offs and opportunity costs involved. Trade-offs refer to the sacrifices you must make in order to acquire something, while opportunity costs represent the value of the next best alternative that you forgo when choosing one option over another.

By evaluating these factors, you can better understand the true cost and value of each choice, enabling you to make a more informed decision. This process helps you weigh the pros and cons of each option, ensuring that you're making the best choice possible given your circumstances.

The following statements are true about the Ottoman Empire: The name of the Byzantine capital Constantinople was changed to Istanbul. The great leader Suleyman created a vast legal code for the empire. At its height, it encompassed territory that included all or part of more than 30 modern day countries in Asia, Europe and Africa.

As a result of Punic wars, class system in Rome changed::

A new class of wealthy citizens emerged.

By 164 BC,Rome became a very different country than before the Punic Wars.Few changes that happened included a shift in political influence and wealth of the senatorial class, farmers community dynamics changed and they started moving to the cities while work and food became scarce.The wealthy benefited, with their lifestyle becoming more luxurious through the Roman culture exposure to Greek influence.From this emerged a new social climate and class system came up after many years of Punic Wars.

I think this would be A "Sun Belt"

They often believe there is no god. Instead all humanists believe in situation ethics, euthanasia, and the right to suicide.

Humanist moral philosophers believed in the inherent dignity and value of humans, suggesting that through reason, individuals could discover universal moral principles that transcend cultural and religious norms, leading to personal and societal improvement.

Humanist moral philosophers believed that humans possess inherent dignity and value and that through the use of reason, individuals could discern universal moral principles that could guide behavior and enhance society. Drawing on the philosophies and literatures of ancient Greece and Rome, humanists stressed the importance of personal self-improvement and the study of the humanities as a means to achieve a 'good life.' Moreover, humanism provided a third alternative to moral absolutism and cultural relativism, suggesting that universal moral principles exist that are discernable through human reason without the need to rely solely on religion or cultural norms.

For instance, in responding to the criticism of ancient eudaimonism raised by Anscombe, who claimed modern philosophies lacked a firm foundation for 'oughts,' and Hume, who argued that 'is' cannot derive 'ought,' humanist philosophers attempted to anchor morality in human capacities such as reason and sympathetic understanding. They also explored the idea that virtuous tendencies and moral judgments could evolve through habit, instruction, example, and the influence of an all-seeing Deity. The notion that humans can use reason to discover the Laws of Nature, and thus are morally obliged to act in conformity with them, is a critical component of humanist moral philosophy.

These principles were believed to apply regardless of one's religious beliefs or cultural background and would ultimately lead to progress toward a more moral society as articulated by philosophers like Kant, who envisioned the development of moral codes over centuries of reflection and education.

Catherine of Aragon.

The answer is rich soil and a fairly mild climate.

Answer:

Option: Rich soil and fairly mild climate.

Explanation:

Russia's first civilization grew in a fertile land (Ukraine) which helped people to survive and flourish. The black soil in Ukraine provided fertile land with rich in humus. Slavic peoples were the first to migrate into the area of Ukraine. Russia civilization began by King Rurik of the Rus in 862. The Rus captured the city of Kiev and established the kingdom of the Kievan Rus. The Kievan Rus reached its peak under Vladimir and Yaroslav I during the 10th and 11th century.

Those years in the US were known as "The Roaring '20s" because of the escalation of consumption that followed the prosperity that could be breathed with the industry working at the service of domestic and peaceful purposes. The new technological advances were applied to the development of the automotive industry, home appliances and other consumer products: new fabrics, new designs, new customs and ways of life enjoying prosperity. The adoption by the government of more conservative tax policies that encouraged private business and individual growth helped this trend.

New techniques of advertising and presentation of the products of the market gave easier access to objects that until then did not represent a need, so the need had to be created together with the product. The media of the time, radio and magazines, were very useful in this purpose. The first mail order catalogs were created and new delivery systems were implemented. Guarantees, purchases by credit, installation included in the purchase of equipment and other marketing concepts are developed for the first time in those years.

I believe the answer is B but im not 100% sure

Answer:

B. cultural pluralism

Explanation:

Cultural pluralism refers to a type of society in which smaller groups maintain their unique cultural identities, without violating the laws and values of the wider society. Cultural pluralism is often cited as a goal for societies. Cultural pluralism is similar (though not the same) to multiculturalism. In cultural pluralism, various groups are not only considered accepted, but desirable.

Agriculture allowed for surplus food production, which led to trade growth, population increase, and development of societal hierarchy in Egyptian society. The changes brought by agriculture essentially shaped the civilization of ancient Egypt.

Agriculture had a tremendous impact on Egyptian society by essentially shaping its civilization. The effective usage of the Nile River's annual flooding cycle and suitable agricultural practices allowed ancient Egyptians to cultivate diverse crops. This led to a surplus in food, which in turn supported rapid population growth and the development of larger, more complex cities. It also led to significant advances in tool making, trade, and societal hierarchy.

The surplus of food, especially grains, permitted the Egyptians to trade these excess resources for goods and resources they lacked, such as timber and precious metals, with nearby civilizations. As a result, significant trade networks were established.

With the substantial growth in population and cities, a significant societal hierarchy developed. It enabled the formation of a ruling class, including pharaohs, and subsequently, the organization of larger construction projects like pyramids became possible.

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Answer:

A. Patriotism means honoring one's country

The southern states have been vanquished and they must be punished by their actions.

The correct answer is B) the Southern States have been conquered and should be punished by their actions.

The statement that best describes the attitude of the radical Republicans following the Civil War is "the Southern States have been conquered and should be punished by their actions."

Radical Republicans in Congress did not agree with President Lincoln's plans to reunite the country as quickly as possible. President Abraham Lincoln wanted a quickly Reconstruction process and gave leeway to the Southern states to do their own Reconstruction process and only demanded the application of the 10th percent Plan, issued on December 8, 1863.

The other options of the question were A) the Southern States should pass the black codes. C) former Confederated leaders should be forgiven for their actions during the Civil War. D) the country should follow President Lincoln's plans to reunite the country as quickly as possible.

I think it would be A because that spartans where a fighting city and they did not like visitors.

These are the Spartans, who are responsible for turning their backs on the outside world and discouraging foreigners from visiting. Hence, Option A is correct.

The Spartans are those who belong to the Sparta estate, which is a prominent city-state somewhere in ancient Greece, and they are those people who were widely regarded for having the strongest army and some of the best soldiers of any other city or state in ancient Greece.

There is a movie, which is dedicated to the bravery of these Spartans named 300 Spartan soldiers, was about the battle of Thermopylae, where they were not alone. They formed an alliance with the other Greek states as well.

These Spartans are the ones who want to turn their backs toward the outside world, and this, as a result, discourages foreigners from visiting the Sparta estate.

Thus, Option A is correct.

Learn more about Spartans from here:

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The 13th amendment was passed by the Senate on April 8, 1864 and by the House on January 31, 1865. It marked the official end of slavery in the United States. The Civil War, however, had mortally wounded slavery as an institution, since the Southern economy was devastated and enslaved African Americans had rebeled and run away from plantations in record numbers, greatly diminishing the amount of slaves under Southern control. The greatest strike against slavery, however had been Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation, which freed all slaves in rebel states. Thus, as soon as a slave left Confederate control, or as soon as the Union army liberated a certain area, that person was no longer a slave. Though it was a unilateral war measure of the Executive branch, and thus did not have the legal standing of a constitutional amendment, the Emancipation changed the legal status of more than 3.5 million slaves, dealing a crippling blow to Southern slavery.

The correct answer is B:

They believed expansion was the key to the nation's health, that a republic depended on an independent, virtuous citizenry for its survival, and that independence and virtue went hand in hand with land ownership, especially the ownership of small farms.

The correct answer is the first option provided.  They came into periodic conflict. The Russian Orthodox Church experienced geographical expansion, freedoms and certain incentives; however, in the end of Russian empire and at the beginning on Soviet Union along with the Russian Revolution, a period of conflict broke out due to the fact that the government persecuted Christians,

Answer:d

Explanation: they came Into periodic conflict

July 21, 1861 is the date.

The First Battle of Bull Run, also known as First Manassas, occurred on July 21, 1861, near Manassas, Virginia. A Confederate victory under the leadership of Generals Beauregard and Johnston, it marked the harsh reality of a long civil war ahead.

The First Battle of Bull Run, also known as First Manassas, took place on July 21, 1861. This significant battle was fought in Prince William County, Virginia, near the town of Manassas and along the small river called Bull Run. It was the first major land battle of the American Civil War, with Union forces led by Brigadier General Irvin McDowell and Confederate forces under the command of Brigadier General P.G.T. Beauregard and Brigadier General Joseph E. Johnston. The battle concluded with a victory for the Confederate forces, marking the onset of a long and grueling war.

The North, assuming a swift victory would be secured at Bull Run, was dramatically disillusioned as the Confederate army withstood the Union's attacks and ultimately repelled them. This unexpected outcome had significant ramifications for the morale of both sides, proving to both the Union and the Confederacy that this conflict would not be the short political skirmish initially anticipated.

As a fascinating side note, many civilians, including Washington dignitaries and socialites, had come to watch the battle, expecting an easy Union victory. Instead, they witnessed a retreat of Union forces, inciting panic and realization of the war's potential severity.

1920' was a decade of inventions and new technologies. In the time immediately after the First World War, people were eager for a happier life. Some of the technological innovations that have helped more enjoyment include radio, silent movies,  and auto industry Henry Ford.

There has also been progress in science and medicine. New immunizations, vaccines were invented, many diseases have become curable and the diet also changed, especially in America. Dietary habits have been introduced in humans, reduced calorie intake and fatty foods, and increased use of fruits and vegetables.

In addition, this is a decade of electricity, many homes, especially in developed industrial cities, used electricity in everyday household work, using refrigerators. cookers, washing machines, electric shavers, vacuum cleaners.

Answer: the first flight of a liquid-fueled rocket

Explanation: I had this same question and answered it correctly.

The laws increased shipping costs for them.

Sorry if it's wrong! I feel pretty confident about it though.

"it directed the flow of goods between England and the colonies. It told colonial merchants that they could not use foreign ships to send their goods, even if it was less expensive. It also told the colonists that they could not ship certain products, like sugar and tobacco, outside England's empire. This led to smuggling because the colonists ignored the laws." answer from https://quizlet.com/15446118/chapter-4-essays-flash-cards/

The Sundiata is an epic poem of the Malinke People, which tells of a story about a Hero named Sundiata Keita

Final answer:

Adam Smith advocated for minimal government intervention in the economy, supporting the concept of laissez-faire, where self-interest guides a free market to prosperity and the invisible hand ensures that societal needs are met.

Explanation:

Adam Smith, often referred to as the Father of Capitalism, held the view that government intervention in the economy should be minimal. He believed in an economic principle known as laissez-faire, suggesting that the marketplace should be left to regulate itself.

According to Smith, self-interest in a free market should thrive, guided by an 'invisible hand' that ensures the production of goods and services that society needs. This self-regulating mechanism of the free market would lead to mutual benefits and prosperity, as producers would naturally provide what consumers demand. Hence, the complete sentence would be: Adam Smith believed that government should never intervene in a state's economy, but instead allow self-interest in a free market to thrive.

Liberal critics of the ACA want it to extend its care over some higher annual income earning families and for itto allow for people to keep their insurance plans.

Answer:

The Affordable Care Act was enacted in 2010 under Barack Obama's Presidency with the purpose of extending the availability of health care to middle-income and low-income families.

Critics of this law want people who can pay for their own health care being able to re-use the money they put into that system every year if they didn't draw upon; and they also want the law to cover more people with disabilities.

Explanation:

he Dutch: Unlike the French and Spanish, the Dutch did not emphasize religious conversion in their relationships with Native Americans. Instead, they focused on trade with American Indians in present-day New York and New Jersey.the western and american culture is absolutely different in terms of vital differences.

i live in india and jhave a vast differences because america is a developed ecosystem whereas india is developing.resolving is also a tough minior objective to solve during that days

Western settlers and Native Americans experienced a tense relationship with incidents like the Raid on Deerfield and the Indian Removal Act leading to conflicts and forced relocations.

The interactions between western settlers and Native Americans were marked by various incidents, characterized by conflict and at times, attempts at peaceful resolutions. One notable incident was the Raid on Deerfield in 1704, which epitomized the multifaceted nature of native/settler contacts. While conflicts often arose over land and resources, there were moments of collaboration through trade and military alliances.

The Indian Removal Act of 1830 led to tragic events like the "Trail of Tears," where thousands of Native Americans were forcibly relocated. Furthermore, interactions such as the conflict with the Lakota Sioux in the 1870s exemplify how resources and territorial expansion fueled clashes. Despite some military victories by Native tribes, governmental policies and military actions ultimately coerced them onto reservations, altering their way of life significantly.

Answer: The purpose of the preamble is to establish that the government derives its power from the people and to introduce the six purposes of government in serving the people.

Living with a criminal record can represent a life-sentence to social contempt, specially in the labor aspect, since accepting an ex-convict for a job might be troublesome for employers and could compromise a company/business reputation. These consequences derive directly from the natural judgmental behavior of regular people, and the lack of acceptance as decent members of society can potentially depress these ex-criminals, pushing them back to the only environment they would be warmly welcomed: The criminal life.

Anyone that can disprove further criminal tendencies from these individuals can help them with recommendations to one's own contacts, be it as friend suggestions or employment references.

Columbus wanted to find a better route to the Indies by sea.  After looking for sponsors for this quest he had King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella from Spain sponsor his trip. They requested that if Columbus succeeded in his venture he would spread Christianity, as well as bringing back gold and glory for Spain.

Columbus was also eager to spread Christianity to any land he reached. So the reason for setting up the cross when they arrived to America was to start spreading out Christianity specially since this was one of the reasons his trip was sponsored by the Queen and King of Spain.

Various Discriminatory Acts

What are the options?