A 50-mL beaker only has a scale that measures 10, 20, 30, and 40 mL. What is the uncertainty associated with the 50 mL beaker.

Answer:

2mol of [tex]\rm O_2[/tex] with 4.6 mol [tex]\rm C_3H_8[/tex] will produce 2mol [tex]\rm H_2O[/tex].

Explanation:

The given information is:

[tex]\rm \mathbf{C_3H_8+5O_2\rightarrow3CO_2+4H_2O}[/tex]

2mol of [tex]\rm O_2[/tex] with 4.6 mol of  [tex]\rm C_3H_8[/tex] will produce.....mol of [tex]\rm H_2O[/tex]

As we can see hear, 5mol of [tex]\rm O_2[/tex] produce 4 mols of [tex]\rm H_2O[/tex]

Hence, According to the given equation above,

Mols of [tex]\rm\mathbf{ H_2O}[/tex] produced will be,

[tex]\rm 5molO_2\times\frac{4molH_2O}{5molO_2}[/tex]

[tex]\rm 2.5\times\frac{4}{5}=2molH_2O[/tex]

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The benzoic acid is different from sodium benzoate, the main reason is because of their water solubility. Don't know what you observed, but if you looked at the pH of the solution when you dumped them in water, they would have very different pHs. A benzoic acid isn't soluble in water but one (sodium benzoate) would be soluble in water.

Answer:

It would be B) 1.

Explanation:

The atom with 45 neutrons and 35 electrons (and therefore 35 protons) has a mass number of 80,  which is obtained by adding the number of protons and neutrons.

To determine the mass number of an atom with 45 neutrons and 35 electrons, it's important to remember that an atom, in its electrically neutral state, has an equal number of protons and electrons. In this scenario, the atom has 35 protons because it has 35 electrons.

The mass number of an atom is calculated by adding the number of protons and neutrons together. So, for this specific atom, the mass number is calculated as 35 (protons) + 45 (neutrons), which totals 80. This mass number signifies the sum of particles in the atom's nucleus, which plays a fundamental role in defining its chemical properties and behavior.

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Final answer:

To determine the simplest formula of a chloride formed from arsenic and chlorine, calculate the moles of each element, find the ratio, and simplify to obtain the formula AsCl3.

Explanation:

The simplest formula of the chloride is AsCl3. To determine this, we need to find the mole ratio between arsenic and chlorine. First, calculate the moles of each element using their respective molar masses:

Arsenic: 1.587 g / atomic mass of As

Chlorine: 3.755 g / atomic mass of Cl

Then, find the ratio of moles and simplify to obtain the simplest whole-number ratio, which in this case is AsCl3.

The chemical formula for Chromium(III) Monohydrogen Phosphate is Cr(H2PO4)3.

Explanation:

Chromium(III): Chromium is a transition metal with multiple oxidation states, and in this compound, it exists in its +3 oxidation state, denoted as III.

Monohydrogen Phosphate: The term "monohydrogen" indicates that there is one hydrogen ion (H+) associated with the phosphate ion ([tex]PO4^{3-}[/tex]). The phosphate ion, [tex]PO4^{3-}[/tex], is a polyatomic ion consisting of one phosphorus atom (P) and four oxygen atoms (O). In this compound, each phosphate ion has one hydrogen ion associated with it.

Therefore, the compound is named Chromium(III) Monohydrogen Phosphate because it contains Chromium in the +3 oxidation state bonded to phosphate ions with one hydrogen ion attached to each phosphate ion.

This compound's chemical formula, Cr(H2PO4)3, accurately represents its composition, indicating the number and types of atoms present. It is important to use parentheses to indicate that the hydrogen phosphate group (H2PO4) is bonded to the chromium ion (Cr). This notation ensures clarity and accuracy in chemical formulas.

Thus, the chemical formula for Chromium(III) Monohydrogen Phosphate is Cr(H2PO4)3.

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Answer: Option E

Explanation:

The role of nature is that predators eat prey. They serve as food for the predators. If there is a increase in the size of the prey population then there will be increase in the size of predators.

Example: The lions feed on the rabbit for the its energy needs. If the size of rabbits will increase then the there will be a slight increase in the population of the lions as there will be a proper supply of food for them.

hence, the correct answer is option E

Chemical properties describe how a substance can change into different substances during a chemical reaction, while physical properties can be measured without changing the substance's chemical identity.

Chemical properties describe a substance's capacity to undergo certain chemical transformations that result in different substances. These properties, such as flammability and reactivity with water, are only observed when a substance undergoes a chemical change. On the other hand, physical properties can be observed or measured without changing the chemical identity of the substance. These include properties like mass, color, volume, and density. For instance, pure copper has the physical property of being a reddish-brown solid, whereas its ability to dissolve in dilute nitric acid to produce a blue solution and a brown gas is a chemical property.

1) Radium will form Ra²⁺ ions, because it is metal with two valence electrons (7s²) and it will lost two electrons to have electric configuration like noble gas radon (Z=86).

Electroic configuration of radium atom:

₈₈Ra 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d¹⁰4s²4p⁶4d¹⁰4f¹⁴5s²5p⁶5d¹⁰6s²6p⁶7s².

2) Selenium wil form Se²⁻ ions, because it is nonmetal and it has six valence electrons (4s²4p⁴), it will gain two electrons to have electron configuration like noble gas krypton (Z=36).

Electronic configuration of selenium atom: ₃₄Se 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d¹⁰4s²4p⁴.

Radium typically loses 2 electrons to form Ra2+ ion, while Selenium typically gains 2 electrons to form Se2- ion. Thus, Ra2+ and Se2- are their respective monatomic ions.

Radium (Z = 88) is in group 2 of the periodic table and therefore tends to lose 2 electrons to form Ra2+ (Radium ion) to achieve a stable electron configuration. Selenium (Z = 34), on the other hand, is in group 16 of the periodic table and therefore it typically gains 2 electrons to form Se2- (Selenium ion) to reach a stable electron configuration similar to the nearest noble gas. These ions, Ra2+ and Se2- are monatomic ions because they consist of only one atom.

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Because, electrons are negatively charged and, as a result, they repel each other. Electrons tend to minimize repulsion by occupying their own orbital, rather than sharing an orbital with another electron.

The first rule states that before pairing up, electrons will always occupy an empty orbital. Because they are negatively charged, electrons repel one another. By filling their own orbital rather than sharing one with another electron, electrons tend to reduce repulsion. The electrons in singly occupied orbitals are also less effectively screened or insulated from the nucleus, according to quantum-mechanical calculations.

Unpaired electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spins according to the second rule. Electrons collide less frequently if they are all orbiting in the same direction than if some of them are doing so. The latter scenario results in the separation of electrons as the repulsive force grows. As a result, aligned spins have less energy.

Because, electrons are negatively charged and, as a result, they repel each other. Electrons tend to minimize repulsion by occupying their own orbital, rather than sharing an orbital with another electron.

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Final answer:

Electrons occupy equal energy orbitals singly before pairing up to minimize repulsion and conserve energy, following Hund's Rule. This is energetically more favorable due to the pairing energy required for electrons to share the same orbital.

Explanation:

The reason electrons occupy equal energy orbitals singly before beginning to pair up is due to an atomic rule known as Hund's Rule. This rule states that electrons will fill each degenerate orbital singly to maximize the number of unpaired electrons, which results in a lower energy state for the atom. This behavior is similar to how magnets behave; negatively charged electrons repel each other and try to stay as far apart as possible. This phenomenon is due to the pairing energy (P), which is the energy required to pair two electrons in a single orbital. Since electrons repel each other, it takes energy to overcome their repulsion and pair them up.

When filling up d orbitals or any set of degenerate orbitals, electrons will occupy each orbital singly before they start to pair. This minimizes repulsion between the electrons, which in turn conserves the energy that would otherwise be needed for two electrons to share the same orbital space. The tendency of an atom is to maintain the lowest energy level, which is why this filling process occurs. Additionally, the relative magnitudes of the pairing energy and the ligand field splitting energy (Aoct) determine the exact distribution of electrons in the orbitals.

The reaction will be

2NO  + O2 ---< 2NO2

so as per balanced equation two moles of NO will react with one mole of O2 to give two moles of NO2

In this particular question, 5 molecules of O2 and 8 molecules of NO are present

so the limiting reagent is NO

now the 8 molecules of NO should react with 4 molecules of O2 for 100% yield

As the mentioned yield is 75% only, it means only 75% of NO molecules will react

75% of 8 = 6

So six molecules of NO will react with 3 molecules of O2 to give 75% yield

so after reaction we will be left with  2 molecules of NO

Answer:

Pb2+(aq) + 2e– ------------>Pb(s) = –0.13 V

Explanation:

Given the question asked, we have to examine the reduction potentials of Fe2+ and Pb2+.

Fe2+= -0.44V

Pb2+= -0.13V

Recall that the moire negative the reduction potential of a species, the less likely it is to participate in spontaneous reduction reactions.

From the data before us, Pb2+ will undergo a spontaneous reduction reaction as shown in the answer.

Answer:

The correct answer is option c.

Explanation:

A physical change is defined as  a change in shape, size takes place. No new substance gets formed in these reactions.

Solid iron block → liquid iron

Liquid iron → solid blade shaped iron

Here, iron in first melted and then set into a shape of blade. Hence, physical change.

A chemical change is defined as a change in chemical composition takes place. A new substance is formed in these reactions.

Here, rusting of iron is chemical change:

[tex]Fe(s)+O_2(g)\righarrow Fe_2O_3(s)[/tex]

Throughout the entire process blacksmith has changed the iron block physically by changing its size and shape. And due to action of raining in the edges of the blade rusting of an iron also took place which was a chemical change.

Answer:

Chemical properties,

Explanation:

Let us understand all the given terms

a) catalyst properties: this is the property of a substance by virtue of which it helps to modulate the rate of reaction, and itself remains unconsumed during the reaction (does not react). Example : enzymes

b) chemical properties: this is the property of a substance by virtue of which it reacts with another substance to give a new product of different structure, bonding, chemical and physical properties.

Example : hydrogen reacts with oxygen to give water.

So here the hydrogen is undergoing reaction with oxygen and this is chemical property of hydrogen.

c) Physical properties: This is the property which is related to the nature of a substance to exit in nature. for example hydrogen is a gas is its physical property not chemical.

d) mineral properties: It  is again a kind of physical property.

Moving left to right across a row of the periodic table, [tex]\boxed{{\text{b}}{\text{. atomic number}}}[/tex]  increases by exactly one from element to element

Further Explanation:

Periodic table:

A systematic arrangement of elements in various rows and columns is known as a periodic table. Here, elements are arranged in increasing order of their respective atomic numbers so that elements with the same chemical and physical properties lie in the same group. Horizontal rows are called periods and vertical columns are called groups. There are 18 groups and 7 periods in a periodic table.

Elements are further classified as metals, non-metals, and metalloids in the periodic table. The elements placed at the left side of the table are called metals and the elements placed at the right of the table are called non-metals. Metalloids are the elements kept between metals and non-metals.

Atomic number is equal to the number of protons present in the nucleus of the atom. In the periodic table, elements are arranged in the increasing order of their atomic numbers so the atomic number increases by exact one unit while moving from left to right in a row.

Atomic mass is the total number of nucleons (protons and neutrons) within the atomic nucleus. It is also known as the mass number. Boron and carbon lie in the same period of the periodic table. Carbon is present to the right of boron. But the mass number of B is 10.8 g while that of C is 12 g. So the mass number does not increase by exactly one unit while moving from left to right in a row.

Atomic mass unit (AMU) is defined as 1/12th mass of a carbon-12 atom. It is used to indicate relative masses of various isotopes. It also does not increase by one unit from left to right in a row.

Atoms of the same element with the same atomic number but different mass numbers are called isotopes. These have the same number of protons but the number of neutrons is different. Isotope number is calculated by the subtraction of number of neutrons and number of protons. It is dependent on both the atomic number and the mass number. As the mass number does not increase by one unit from left to right, isotope number cannot increase by exactly one unit in a row.

Therefore option b is the correct answer.

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Answer details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Periodic classification of elements

Keywords: periodic table, systematic arrangement, elements, groups, periods, atomic number, isotope number, atomic mass unit, mass number, carbon-12, 12 g, neutrons, protons, nucleons, atomic mass.

Final answer:

The electrons in the valence shell of an atom are responsible for forming chemical bonds with other atoms through processes such as accepting, donating, or sharing electrons, leading to ionic or covalent bonds.

Explanation:

The atomic particles responsible for forming bonds with other atoms are the electrons located in the atom's outermost electron shell, known as the valence shell. Atoms seek stability by having a full valence shell, which generally means having eight electrons, although hydrogen is stable with two. To achieve this stability, atoms will tend to accept, donate, or share electrons in chemical bonds.

Ionic bonds arise when atoms transfer electrons, leading to the formation of positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions), which attract each other. In contrast, covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms, resulting in molecules that are electrically neutral overall or have a slight charge distribution in the case of polar covalent bonds. Additionally, molecules can form hydrogen bonds, where hydrogen atoms in polar covalent bonds are attracted to electronegative regions of other molecules.

Answer:

grease

on apex

Explanation:

Salt is the proper response to this query. The greatest option for emulsifying in oil is salt because of its molecular makeup. Sodium and chloride are the two components that make up salt molecules.

The molecule's sodium component is hydrophilic, attracted to water, and its chloride component is hydrophobic, repelling it. Due to the hydrophobic portion of the molecule's unusual structure, which is attracted to the oil while the hydrophilic portion is repelled by it, salt can dissolve in oil.

In contrast, the atoms that make up sugar molecules are carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen. All of these atoms are hydrophilic, which means they are drawn to water. Because the hydrophilic atoms are rejected, sugar molecules won't dissolve in oil as a result.with the oil. In addition, non-polar molecules make up both water and grease.

Since non-polar molecules do not attract water or oil, neither will dissolve them. Therefore, due to its distinct molecular structure, salt is the greatest option for dissolving in oil.

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Answer:

Explanation:

the compound is dissolved in water