An electrolyte is a compound that conducts an electric current in an aqueous solution or in the molten state. This happens when the substance dissolves in water and forms ions. The dissolved or molten ions can move freely, allowing the solution to conduct electricity.
Explanation:A compound that conducts an electric current in an aqueous solution or in the molten state is known as an electrolyte. Electrolytes are formed when certain substances dissolve in water and either undergo a physical or a chemical change that yields ions in solution. These substances are important as they conduct electric current in a solution due to the presence of ions.
For example, ionic compounds like NaCl (table salt) disassociate completely in water forming Na+ and Cl- ions, giving the solution the ability to conduct electricity. In another example, covalent compounds like HCl (hydrochloric acid) also conduct electricity in water. This happens because when HCl is dissolved in water, it reacts with water molecules to form ions of H+ and Cl-.
However, the ability to conduct electricity is not limited to aqueous solutions; compounds can also conduct electricity in the molten state. For instance, when table salt is melted, it’s able to conduct electric current because the ionic bonds are broken, freeing the ions and enabling them to move and carry the current.
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Where does electromagnetic radiation come from
Electromagnetic radiation is made when an atom absorbs energy.
Please explain, I don't understand.
7. For the combustion of ethyl alcohol as described in the above equation, which of the following is true?
8. The total volume of hydrogen gas is needed to fill the Hindenburg was 2.00 × 10^8 at 1.00 atm and 25.1°C. How much energy was evolved when it burned?
Answer:
7. A) I, II ; 8. D) 2.34e9 kJ
Step-by-step explanation:
7. Combustion of ethanol
I. The negative sign for ΔH shows that the reaction is exothermic.
II. The enthalpy change would be different if gaseous water were produced.
That's because it takes energy to convert liquid water to gaseous water, and this energy is included in the value of ΔH.
III. The reaction is a redox reaction, because
Oxygen is reacting with a compound The oxidation number of C increases The oxidation number of O decreases.IV. The products of the reaction occupy a smaller volume than the reactants, because 3 mol of gaseous reactant are forming 2 mol of gaseous product.
Therefore, only I and II are correct.
7. Hindenburg
Data:
V = 2.00 × 10⁸ L
p = 1.00 atm
T = 25.1 °C
ΔH = -286 kJ·mol⁻¹
Calculations:
(a) Convert temperature to kelvins
T = (25.1 + 273.15) K = 298.25 K
(b) Moles of hydrogen
Use the Ideal Gas Law:
pV = nRT
n = (pV)/(RT)
n = (1.00 × 2.00 × 10⁸)/(0.082 06 × 298.25) = 8.172 × 10⁶ mol
(c) Heat evolved
q = nΔH = 8.172 × 10⁶ × (-286) = -2.34 × 10⁹ kJ
The hydrogen in the Hindenburg released 2.34e9 kJ .
What weight of oxalic acid dihydate must be measured to prepare 1 litre of 0.01 oxalic acid solution
The weight of oxegon
He splitting of the uranium atom is an example of ________. the splitting of the uranium atom is an example of ________. radioactive merge half life radioactive cleavage nuclear fusion nuclear fission
The splitting of an atom is known as nuclear fission, in which a high-energy particle is introduced to a heavy atom to instigate the separation; heavy atoms are known to be naturally unstable due to their size, and a small catalyst is enough to tip the system in favor of splitting. The act of fission usually produces two daughter nuclei and some byproduct, such as an alpha or beta particle, etc.
The splitting of the uranium atom is an example of nuclear fission. Radioactive merge half life radioactive cleavage is nuclear fission.
What is nuclear fission and nuclear fusion ?Fusion is the process where two light nuclei fuse together to release enormous quantities of energy, while fission is the breaking of a heavy, unstable nucleus into two lighter nuclei. Despite their differences, the two methods are crucial to the creation of energy in the past, present, and future.
By dissolving large, heavy atoms, like uranium, into smaller ones, like iodine, cesium, strontium, xenon, and barium, to name just a few, fission produces energy. However, fusion involves joining light atoms, such as the deuterium and tritium isotopes of hydrogen, to create the heavier helium.
Hence, the splitting of the uranium atom is an example of nuclear fission.
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Several bird species feed is a certain species of tree. Each bird species feeds in a different part of the tree. Which statement is true of these birds species
Answer:
They have adapted to different niches.
Explanation:
due to competition
Answer:
B.they have adapted to different niches due to competiton.
Explanation:
apexs
What is heat of vaporization?
A.
It is the heat required to change a substance’s temperature by 1°C.
B.
It is the heat required to change a gram of substance from a solid to a liquid.
C.
It is the heat required to change a substance from a solid directly to a gas.
D.
It is the heat required to change a gram of substance from a liquid to a gas.
E.
It is the heat required to separate one substance into two substances.
Answer:
D.
Explanation:
The heat of evaporation, is the amount of energy that must be added to a liquid substance, to transform a quantity of that substance into a gas. The heat of vaporization is a function of the pressure at which that transformation takes place.
Which type of galaxy has a central bar of stars instead of a rounded core? A. spiral B. irregular C. elliptical D. barred spiral
the answer is D. Barred Spiral
What is temperature
Temperature is a degree of hotness or coldness the can be measured using a thermometer.Temperature is measured in degrees on the Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin scales. It's also a measure of how fast the atoms and molecules of a substance are moving.
Which of the following is a part of the geocentric model?
a. All objects in the universe are perfect spheres.
b. All objects in the universe move around the sun.
c. All objects in the universe revolve around Earth.
d. All objects in the universe move in random patterns.
Answer:The correct answer is all the planets revolve around earth.
Explanation:This model was made a long time before technolige when they looked at the stars they would always move across the sky in the same pattern so they assumed that the stars were revolving around earth but come to find out everything was revolving around the sun.
Answer:
I think d
Explanation:
If you walk on a log that is floating in the water, the log moves backward what law
Newton's third law - every action has an opposite reaction
when you press a forward force the log moves backwards in opposite reaction
Final answer:
When you walk on a floating log and it moves backward, this is an example of Newton's third law of motion, which states for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. The action of walking on the log creates a force that pushes it backward.
Explanation:
When you walk on a log that is floating in the water and the log moves backward, this phenomenon is explained by Newton's third law of motion. Newton's third law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. In this case, when you walk towards one end of the log, your feet push the log in the opposite direction with a force. Consequently, the log reacts to this force by moving in the opposite direction to your motion, which is backward. This principle is the same as a swimmer doing the breaststroke who pushes backward against the water, resulting in the water pushing forward on him, propelling him through the water.
This law helps explain various everyday actions and reactions, covering movements in sports, vehicle propulsion, and even celestial movements. For instance, when a person runs, they push against the ground with their feet, and the ground pushes them forward. This interaction between forces allows for motion and is a fundamental aspect of how we understand and interact with the physical world around us.
In each case tell which sn2 reaction will proceed faster. 1. the displacement on 2-bromopropane by (a) ch3ch2o- or (b) cn-. 2. the displacement by oh- on (a) h2c=chbr or (b) h2c=chch2br. submit answertry another version2 item attempts remaining
The displacement on 2-bromopropane will likely proceed faster with CH3CH2O- because of the degree of nucleophilicity; this group is likely more nucleophilic than a CN group, as even though the triple bond would make it more reactive it is still relying heavily on the effects of induction in justifying its reactivity.
The displacement for number 2 would occur SIGNIFICANTLY quicker on the H2C=CHCH2Br due to its position. The alternative has Bromine in a vinylic position to the double bond making an SN2 reaction nearly impossible (sp2 hybridized centers don’t react well with SN2 and have a poor intermediate while allylic SN2s are stabilized by resonance).
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Would you expect an organic compound to be soluble in water why
Answer: All organic compound depends on H-bonding with water. more stronger H-bonding with water more will be soluble.
Explanation:
1. It depends primarily upon the function groups of that compound. It also depends on the size of the compound.
2. some organic compound which soluble in water for example: alcohols, ethers, carboxylic acids. Because of the functional groups attached to the organic structure (the C-H backbone) are what effect the solubilities.Like carboxylic acids and alcohols form hydrogen bonds with the water, helping to solubilize it.
3. Take alcohols for example: methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol are all completely soluble in water. By the time you get to butanol and some of the larger alcohols, including those with more complex structures, they tend to be less soluble.
Explain how the height of a liquid can be used to measure temperature
One of the most common devices for measuring temperature is the glass thermometer. This consists of a glass tube filled with mercury or some other liquid, which acts as the working fluid. Temperature increase causes the fluid to expand, so the temperature can be determined by measuring the volume of the fluid.
Liquid-in-glass thermometers depend on change in the volume of a liquid as temperature changes.
Every thermometer makes use of a thermometric property. The thermometric property is the property of the substance that changes with change in temperature.
In the case of liquid-in-glass thermometers, the thermometric property is the change in the volume of a liquid with change in temperature.
The liquid used must have high expansivity and must expand and contract uniformly as temperature changes.
Hence, as the liquid expands and contracts with temperature, the height of the liquid can be used to measure temperature.
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Question 33 Saved
Volcanic rock has often been found early in the rock record but less frequently in later rock layers. What does this suggest to scientists about early earth?
Question 33 options:
1)
Volcanic activity is the same today as it was early in Earth's history.
2)
Volcanic rock is more easily preserved than other kinds of rock.
3)
Volcanic activity was more common in the past than it is today.
4)
Volcanic rock is easier to find.
Answer:
The third option
Explanation:
If people have found more volcanic rock layers in the past that would mean that volcanic activity was more common in the past.
When does a real gas behave like an ideal gas?
At high temperatures and low pressures
Explanation:
Real gas-)
Gases which does not obey ideal gas equation at all temperature and pressure are generally known as real gases.
ex- all gases are real .
Ideal gas ;-)
GasesThe gases which obey ideal gas equation at all conditions of temperature and pressure are generally known as ideal gases.
£] No gas is purely ideal
*--» Real gases can behave as ideal gas at low pressure and high temperature.
----» explain deviation of real gases, we can use compressibility factor[Z]with the use of ideal gas equation
There are several aromatic compounds with the formula c8h9cl. draw those that have a disubstituted ring where the chlorine is not attached to the ring.
The skeletal formulas of the desired ones are drawn.
The two aromatic compounds with the formula C₈H₉Cl are 1-Chloro-2-ethylbenzene and 1-Chloro-3-methylbenzene.
1.
1-Chloro-2-ethylbenzene: In this structure, the chlorine atom (Cl) is attached to the second carbon atom of the ethyl group, which is connected to the aromatic benzene ring.
2.
1-Chloro-3-methylbenzene: In 1-Chloro-3-methylbenzene, the chlorine atom (Cl) is attached to the third carbon atom of the methyl group, which is connected to the aromatic benzene ring. The structure consists of a benzene ring (six carbon atoms in a hexagonal arrangement) with a methyl group attached to the third carbon atom of the ring.
In both cases, the chlorine atom (Cl) is not directly attached to the aromatic ring but is instead attached to a carbon atom that is connected to the ring.
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How does the kinetic energy of a substance's particles in the solid phase compare to their kinetic energy in the liquid phase? (2 points) The kinetic energy of the solid and liquid phases is the same. The kinetic energy of the substance's particles will depend on the volume of the substance. The particles have less kinetic energy in the solid phase than they do in the liquid phase. The particles have more kinetic energy in the solid phase than they do in the liquid phase.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Consider the given acid ionization constants. identify the strongest conjugate base. acid ka hf(aq) 3.5×10−4 hc7h5o2(aq) 6.5×10−5 hclo2(aq) 1.1×10−2 hc2h3o2(aq) 1.8×10−5 you may want to reference (pages 729 - 731) section 16.4 while completing this problem.
higher Ka value= stronger acid
stronger acids have weaker conjugate bases, so the acid with the strongest conjugate base would be acetic acid
If the equilibrium concentrations of products are much greater than those of reactants in this system, what would be the magnitude of the equilibrium constant, K,? K < 1 K = 1 K > 1
Answer:
K > 1.
Explanation:
∵ The equilibrium constant K = [products]/[reactants].
Since, [products] > [reactants].
∴ The equilibrium constant K > 1.
Propane burns in oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and steam. The unbalanced equation for this reaction is: C3H8 + O2 → CO2 + H2O
Which of the following counteracts the movement of bicarbonate ions from the RBC?
A) chloride shifting
B) the Haldane effect
C) release of hydrogen ion
D) the Bohr effect
Answer:
A) chloride shifting
Explanation:
Chloride shifting involves the exchange of bicarbonate (HCO3-) and chloride ions (Cl-) across the red blood cells membrane.Most carbon dioxide in the body is transported in the form of bicarbonate in the blood. As the blood flows in the tissues, carbon dioxide gas diffuses into the red blood cells and is converted to bicarbonate.The transport of bicarbonates into the red blood cells is in exchange for chloride ions. Which is referred to as chloride shifting.The copper and aluminum electrodes are connected in a battery.
a.which is the anode?
b.which is oxidized?
c.what will the battery voltage be?
d.write a balanced net ionic equation for the reaction that takes place.
a. Which is the anode?
Al is more reactive than the Cu, because the reduction potential of Al is -1.676 V, so would turn to ions easily hence it would give electrons and form a cation and so it will be the anode.
b. Which is oxidized?
Copper is the cathode, because of its reduction potential +0.34 V, which has a higher affinity for electrons and so it will be the oxidizing agent which means the Al is oxidized.
c. What will the battery voltage be?
The voltage of the battery we can be calculated by using the reduction potentials of both elements:
E°battery = E°cathode - E°anode = E°Cu - E°Al = 0.34 - (-1.676) = 2.016 V
The cell have a spontaneous reaction because the voltage has a positive sign.
d. Write a balanced net ionic equation for the reaction that takes place.
Al + 3 Cu⁺ ----> Al³⁺ + 3 Cu
Suppose that 25 g of each substance is initially at 27.0 °c. what is the final temperature of each substance upon absorbing 2.35 kj of heat?
a. gold
b. silver
Answer:
a. gold : 755.7°C.
b. silver: 418.7°C.
Explanation:
a. gold :
It is known that:The amount of heat absorbed by gold = Q = m.c.ΔT.
where, m is the mass of Au (m = 25.0 g).
c is the specific heat capacity of Au = 0.129 J/g°C.
ΔT is the temperature difference = (final T - 27.0°C).
Q = 2.35 kJ = 2350.0 J.
∴ The amount of heat absorbed by Au = Q = m.c.ΔT = 2350.0 J.
∴ 2350.0 J = (25.0 g)(0.129 J/g°C)(final T - 27.0°C).
∴ 2350.0 J = 3.225 final T - 87.08.
∴ 3.225 final T = 2350.0 + 87.08 = 2473.
∴ final T = 2473/3.225 = 755.7°C.
b. silver:
It is known that:The amount of heat absorbed by silver = Q = m.c.ΔT.
where, m is the mass of Ag (m = 25.0 g).
c is the specific heat capacity of Ag = 0.24 J/g°C.
ΔT is the temperature difference = (final T - 27.0°C).
Q = 2.35 kJ = 2350.0 J.
∴ The amount of heat absorbed by Ag = Q = m.c.ΔT = 2350.0 J.
∴ 2350.0 J = (25.0 g)(0.24 J/g°C)(final T - 27.0°C).
∴ 2350.0 J = 6.0 final T - 162.0.
∴ 6.0 final T = 2350.0 + 162.0 = 2512.
∴ final T = 2512/6.0 = 418.7°C.
The final temperature of the gold when it absorbs the heat is 755.68 ⁰C.
The final temperature of the silver when it absorbs the heat is 418.67 ⁰C.
The given parameters;
mass of each substance = 25 ginitial temperature of each substance = 27 ⁰Cspecific heat capacity of gold, = 0.129 J/ g⁰Cspecific heat capacity of silver, 0.24 J/ g⁰CThe final temperature of the gold when it absorbs 2,350 J;
Q = mcΔt
[tex]2350 = 25 \times 0.129 \times (t- 27)\\\\2350 = 3.225t - 87.075\\\\3.225t = 2437.075 \\\\t = \frac{2437.075}{3.225} \\\\t = 755.68 \ ^0c[/tex]
The final temperature of the silver when it absorbs 2,350 J;
Q = mcΔt
[tex]2350 = 25 \times 0.24 \times (t -27)\\\\2350 = 6t - 162\\\\6t = 2350 + 162\\\\6t = 2512\\\\t = \frac{2512}{6} \\\\t = \frac{2512}{6} \\\\t = 418.67 \ ^0C[/tex]
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Compare the amount of thermal energy needed to melt a solid and the amount of thermal energy needed to freeze the same liquid
To melt a solid, energy must be input into the solid to give the molecules high energy to disrupt the lattice bonds and change phase. To return the liquid to solid, the same amount of energy used in melting is required to be removed from the liquid, ideally. This is assuming there is no loss of energy in the process.
Answer:
They have the same magnitude but differ on the sign.
Explanation:
Hello,
Melting enthalpy is related with the necessary energy a solid sample needs to be converted to liquid; in general, such energy is positive as the initial solid needs to gain energy to become liquid as liquid molecules are arranged farther than solid molecules. On the contrary, freezing enthalpy is related with the energy a liquid sample needs to be converted to solid, in such a way, it is negative since that energy must be withdrawn to promote the liquid molecules to get closer and consequently turn solid. Summing this up, they have the same magnitude but differ on the sign.
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Which of the following is true for a heating curve?
A. It shows how the pressure of a substance changes when heated.
B. It shows how the temperature of a substance changes when heated.
C. It shows how the volume of a substance changes when heated.
D. It shows how the mass of a substance changes when heated.
the answer is b: it shows how temperature of a substance changes when heated.
According to the forces of attraction, the statement which is true for a heating curve is that it shows how the temperature of a substance changes when heated.
What are forces of attraction?Forces of attraction is a force by which atoms in a molecule combine. it is basically an attractive force in nature. It can act between an ion and an atom as well.It varies for different states of matter that is solids, liquids and gases.
The forces of attraction are maximum in solids as the molecules present in solid are tightly held while it is minimum in gases as the molecules are far apart . The forces of attraction in liquids is intermediate of solids and gases.
The physical properties such as melting point, boiling point, density are all dependent on forces of attraction which exists in the substances.
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Calculate the approximate volume of a 0.600 mol sample of gas at 15.0°C and a pressure of 1.10?12.9 L 24.6 L 22.4 L 129 L
A 12.9 L
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Why does the sun appear to move from east to west across the sky? A. Due to Earth's revolution B. Due to Earth's rotation C. Due to the sun's revolution D. Due to the sun's rotation
B. Due to Earth's rotation
What is the name of the functional group that is attached to this hydrocarbon?
A. alkyl halide
B. alcohol
C. carbonyl
D. ketone
The correct answer is D. Ketone, given that the functional group described is the carbonyl group within the carbon chain, not at the end.
Explanation:The functional group being described is the carbonyl group. However, the type of compound it forms depends on the location of the carbonyl group within the hydrocarbon chain. An aldehyde contains the carbonyl group at the end of a carbon chain, represented as -CHO, whereas a ketone contains the carbonyl group within the carbon chain, represented as -CO-. Since the information mentions an OH group on a carbon atom attached to two other carbon atoms, and oxidation of this results in a ketone, the correct answer to the question is a ketone. Aldehydes and ketones are both commonly named by identifying the longest chain that includes the carbonyl carbon and changing the suffix of the hydrocarbon name appropriately to -al for aldehydes and -one for ketones.
The correct option is B(alcohol).
The functional group attached to the hydrocarbon can be identified by specific groups bonded to carbons in the chain. In this case, the correct functional group is an alcohol, indicated by the presence of a hydroxyl (OH) group.
To determine the functional group attached to a hydrocarbon, we need to identify specific atoms or groups of atoms bonded to the carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain.
Step 1: Identify the functional group
If the group attached is a hydroxyl group (OH), the compound is classified as an alcohol. If we see a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two alkyl groups, it is a ketone. A carbonyl group at the end of the hydrocarbon chain forms an aldehyde.
For the answer choices given:
A. Alkyl halide: This includes halogens like chlorine, bromine, etc., bonded to carbon.
B. Alcohol: Indicates the presence of an OH group bonded to carbon. C.Carbonyl: Indicates the presence of a C=O group.
D. Ketone: A specific type of carbonyl group between two carbon atoms.
Thus, the correct functional group attached to the hydrocarbon is, most likely, an alcohol (answer B).
The density of an object with a volume of 5.0mL and a mass of 20.0g is ____________.
15.0g/mL
0.25g/mL
100.0g/mL
4.0g/mL
whenn you have sublimation
Answer: The density of the object will be 4 g/ml.
Explanation:
Density is defined as the mass contained per unit volume.
[tex]Density=\frac{mass}{Volume}[/tex]
Given : Mass of object = 20.0 grams
Volume of object= [tex]5ml[/tex]
Putting in the values we get:
[tex]Density=\frac{20.0g}{5ml}=4g/ml[/tex]
Thus density of the object will be 4 g/ml.
The four following concentrated solutions are each diluted with water to form 200 mL of a dilute solution. Which solution, once diluted to 200 mL, will have the largest concentration? View Available Hint(s) The four following concentrated solutions are each diluted with water to form 200 mL of a dilute solution. Which solution, once diluted to 200 mL, will have the largest concentration? 100.0 mL of a 0.1 M NaOH solution 20.0 mL of a 0.4 M NaOH solution 80.0 mL of a 0.2 M NaOH solution. 10.0 mL of a 0.5 M NaOH solution
Answer:
80.0 mL of a 0.2 M NaOH solution.
Explanation:
To solve this problem, we must mention that the no. of millimoles of the substance is equal before and after dilution.(MV)before dilution = (MV)after dilution.
We need to calculate the concentration after the dilution for each solution:
100.0 mL of a 0.1 M NaOH solution:M after dilution = (MV)before dilution/V after dilution = (0.1 M)(100.0 mL)/(200.0 mL) = 0.05 M.
20.0 mL of a 0.4 M NaOH solution:M after dilution = (MV)before dilution/V after dilution = (0.4 M)(20.0 mL)/(200.0 mL) = 0.04 M.
80.0 mL of a 0.2 M NaOH solution:M after dilution = (MV)before dilution/V after dilution = (0.2 M)(80.0 mL)/(200.0 mL) = 0.08 M.
10.0 mL of a 0.5 M NaOH solution:M after dilution = (MV)before dilution/V after dilution = (0.5 M)(10.0 mL)/(200.0 mL) = 0.025 M.
So, 80.0 mL of a 0.2 M NaOH solution will have the largest concentration after dilution to 200.0 mL.
Among the given options, the 80 mL solution of 0.2 M NaOH will have the highest concentration after being diluted to 200 mL, as it has the greatest number of moles of NaOH initially.
Explanation:The subject of this question is the concentration of a diluted solution. In this particular case, we have four solutions of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) that have different initial concentrations and volumes, and they are diluted to make 200 mL solutions. To determine which solution will have the largest concentration after dilution, we use the dilution formula: M1V1 = M2V2, where M1 and V1 are the molarity and volume of the initial solution, and M2 and V2 are the molarity and volume of the diluted solution.
Applying this formula to each of the four solutions, we have: 0.1 M * 100 mL = 0.01 mol, 0.4 M * 20 mL = 0.008 mol, 0.2 M * 80 mL = 0.016 mol, and 0.5 M * 10 mL = 0.005 mol for the NaOH solutions respectively. Since the concentration after dilution is given by the number of moles divided by the volume (which is uniform at 200 mL), the solution with the greatest number of moles will have the greatest concentration. Therefore, the 80 mL solution of 0.2 M NaOH will have the highest concentration after dilution.
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