A container holds 500. ML of CO2 at 20.° C and 742 torr. What will be the volume of the CO2 if the pressure is increased to 795 torr?

Answers:

0.77 °C·kg·mol⁻¹; 0.261 °C

Step-by-step explanation:

13. a. Boiling point elevation

The formula for boiling point elevation ΔTb is

ΔTb = Kb·b     Divide each side by b

Kb = ΔTb/b

Kb = 2.4/3.1

Kb = 0.77 °C·kg·mol⁻¹

===============

13. b. Freezing point depression

The formula for freezing point depression [tex]\Delta T_{f}[/tex] is

[tex]\Delta T_{f} = \Delta K_{f} \cdot b[/tex]

b = moles of solute/kilograms of solvent

b = 0.705/5.02

b = 0.1404 mol/kg

[tex]\Delta T_{f} = 1.86 \times 0.1404[/tex]

[tex]\Delta T_{f} = 0.261 \textdegree \text{C}[/tex]

Answer:

1) The value of the [tex]K_b[/tex] is 0.07742°C/m.

2) 0.261°C is the freezing-point depression of a solution.

Explanation:

1) [tex]\Delta T_b=T_b-T[/tex]

[tex]\Delta T_b=K_b\times m[/tex]

[tex]\Delta T_b=iK_b\times \frac{\text{Mass of solute}}{\text{Molar mass of solute}\times \text{Mass of solvent in Kg}}[/tex]

where,

[tex]\Delta T_b[/tex] =Elevation in boiling point

[tex]K_b[/tex] = boiling point constant of solvent= 3.63 °C/m

1 - van't Hoff factor (non-electrolyte solute)

m = molality

We have :  [tex]\Delta T_b=2.4^oC[/tex]

m = 3.1 m

[tex]K_b=?[/tex]

[tex]\Delta T_b=K_b\times m[/tex]

[tex]2.4^oC=K_b\times 3.1 m[/tex]

[tex]K_b=\frac{2.4 ^oC}{3.1 m}=0.07742 ^oC/m[/tex]

The value of the [tex]K_b[/tex] is 0.07742°C/m.

2) [tex]\Delta T_f=T-T_f[/tex]

[tex]\Delta T_f=K_f\times m[/tex]

[tex]Delta T_f=iK_f\times \frac{\text{Mass of solute}}{\text{Molar mass of solute}\times \text{Mass of solvent in Kg}}[/tex]

where,

[tex]\Delta T_f[/tex] =depression in freezing point

[tex]K_f[/tex] = freezing point constant of solvent= 1.86°C/m

1 - van't Hoff factor (non-electrolyte solute)

m = molality

We have , Moles of solute = 0.705 mol

Mass of solvent = 5.02 kg

[tex]molality=\frac{\text{Moles of solute }}{\text{Mas of solvent(kg)}}[/tex]

m = [tex]\frac{0.705 mol}{5.02 kg}=0.1404 mol/kg[/tex]

[tex]K_f=1.86^oC/m[/tex]

[tex]\Delta T_f=iK_f\times m[/tex]

[tex]=1\times 1.86 ^oC/m\times 0.1404 m[/tex]

[tex]=0.261^oC[/tex]

0.261°C is the freezing-point depression of a solution.

The electron will move from the first energy level to the second energy level.

The energy level closest to the nucleus is the first energy level, and when an electron absorbs a photon, it absorbs the energy in the photon. This absorption causes the electron to move from the first to second energy level.

Answers are:

2. It pushes on all objects that are on Earth’s surface.

3. It can be measured in atmospheres or kilopascals.

Barometric pressure (atmospheric pressure), is the pressure within the atmosphere of Earth

Atmospheric pressure decreases with increasing height, because there are fewer air molecules above a given object.

Barometer is an instrument used in meteorology to measure atmospheric pressure.

Atmospheric pressure (atm) is the force per unit area by the weight of air above that point.  

Kilopascal (kPa) is a metric system pressure unit and equals to 1000 force of newton per square meter.

Atmospheric pressure results from molecular collisions of atmospheric gases.

Answer:

2 & 3

Explanation:

Answer:

The liquid level will rise in Side A and drop in Side B.

Step-by-step explanation:

The membrane is impermeable to sucrose, but permeable to sucrose and water.

     Side A          Side B      

2 M sucrose   1 M sucrose

1 M glucose   2 M glucose

(a) Ignoring osmotic effects

The glucose will diffuse spontaneously from the side with higher concentration to that of lower concentration until equilibrium is established. There is no change in volume on either side.

At this point, we have

    Side A                Side B        

2    M sucrose    1 M sucrose

1.5 M glucose    1.5 M glucose

=====

(b) With osmotic effects

The solute concentration on Side A is greater than on Side B.

Water will diffuse into Side A.

The liquid level will rise in Side A and drop in Side B.

At equilibrium, glucose will be evenly distributed on both sides of the membrane, the level of liquid on Side A will have risen, and the level on Side B will have fallen due to the osmotic pressure induced by the unequal concentration of sucrose and initial glucose concentrations.

The question relates to the biology concept of osmosis and diffusion through a semipermeable membrane. Initially, the concentration of sucrose is higher on Side A than Side B, and the membrane is impermeable to sucrose. As a result, sucrose remains where it is, creating an osmotic pressure.

However, with respect to glucose, which is permeable, Side A has a lower concentration than Side B. This difference in glucose concentration causes glucose to move from Side B to Side A, following the concentration gradient until glucose levels on both sides reach an equilibrium.

The membrane is also permeable to water. Due to sucrose-induced osmotic pressure on Side A and the initial glucose concentration on Side B, water will shift towards Side A till an equilibrium is reached. Water moves from a high concentration to a low concentration in order to balance the solution.

So, in conclusion, at equilibrium, the level of liquid on Side A would have risen and the level on Side B would have fallen. Also, glucose would be evenly distributed on both sides of the membrane.

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Answer is: D. High ionization energies; high electron affinities.

Covalent bond is usually between nonmetals.

The ionization energy (Ei) is the minimum amount of energy required to remove the valence electron, when element lose  electrons, oxidation number of element grows (oxidation process).

Nonmetals are far right in the main group and they have highest ionization energy, because they have many valence electrons.

For example, fluorine has the greatest affinity for electrons and tendency to be reduced, than oxygen and chlorine.

Fluorine form molecule of fluorine F₂ with single nonpolar covalent bond.

(Answer) The specific copper ion in the compound CuCl is copper (I) ion.

The compound cuprous chloride (CuCl) also known as copper (I) chloride is an ionic compound that contains chloride ion with -1 charge. Therefore, charge on Cu should be +1 because CuCl is a neutral compound as + 1 -1 = 0. For this reason, the specific copper ion in the compound CuCl is copper (I) ion with +1 charge.  

Answer:

Copper (I) ion

Explanation:

Hello,

In this case, for the compound CuCl, the oxidation states are shown below:

[tex]Cu^{+1}Cl^{-1}[/tex]

As there are only one copper and one chlorine, therefore, the name of such copper ion is copper (I) ion as the roman number, I, represent its oxidation state which is +1.

Regards.

Answer: Option (B) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

According to Avogadro's number, one mole of a substance contains [tex]6.022 \times 10^{23}[/tex] atoms or molecules.

As molar mass of chlorine is 35.5 g/mol. Hence, calculate its number of moles as follows.

                   No. of moles = [tex]\frac{mass}{\text{molar mass}}[/tex]

                                         = [tex]\frac{35.5 g}{35.5 g/mol}[/tex]

                                         = 1 mol

Therefore, number of atoms present in 1.01 mol are calculated as follows.

                           [tex]1 mol \times 6.022 \times 10^{23}[/tex] atoms/mol

                              = [tex]6.02 \times 10^{23}[/tex] atoms

Therefore, we can conclude that there are [tex]6.02 \times 10^{23}[/tex] atoms in 35.5 g of chlorine.

The number of atoms in 35.5 g of chlorine is 6.02 × 10²³ atoms.

The correct answer is B. 6.02 × 10²³ atoms.

To calculate the number of atoms in a given mass of chlorine, we need to use Avogadro's number, which is approximately 6.02 × 10²³ atoms/mol.

The molar mass of chlorine (Cl) is approximately 35.5 g/mol.

Now, we can proceed with the calculation:

Number of moles of chlorine = Given mass / Molar mass

Number of moles of chlorine = 35.5 g / 35.5 g/mol = 1 mol

Number of atoms in 1 mol of chlorine = Avogadro's number = 6.02 × 10²³ atoms/mol

So, the number of atoms in 35.5 g of chlorine is 6.02 × 10²³ atoms.

The correct answer is B. 6.02 × 10²³ atoms.

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The new combination is called a mixture.

In mixtures, since the substances are not chemically combined together, they still remain their own physical and chemical properties, and can be separated by simple physical methods such as filtration or distillation.

On the other hand, if the two or more substances are combined where they get new properties, the new combination will be called a compound.  They cannot be separated by physical methods, but chemical methods such as heating or electrolysis.

Atomic mass of carbon is 12 so 1 mole = 12 grams.

For helium it is 4.003 grams

For neon it is 20.18 grams

So one mole of neon has the greatest mass.

The mass of 1 mole of neon is greater than 1 mole of carbon or helium. Option  D is correct.

[tex]n = \dfrac wm[/tex]

Where,

[tex]n[/tex] - number of moles

[tex]w[/tex] - weight (given mass)

[tex]m[/tex] - molar mass

For Carbon,

[tex]1 {\rm \ mole} = \dfrac w {12}\\\\w = 12[/tex]

So, the 1 mole of Carbon has 12 g of mass.

1 mole of Helium has about 4 g of mass.

1 mole of neon has about 20 g of mass.

Therefore, the mass of 1 mole of neon is greater than 1 mole of carbon or helium.

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Solution:- Halogens are fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine and Astatine(F, Cl, Br, I and At) and these are present in the 7A group of the periodic table. In modern periodic table this group is written as 17th group. This group elements have 7 valence electrons and so they are in group 7A.

So, the right choice is D. 7A.

Answer:

(b) Both have the same number of valence electrons.  

Step-by-step explanation:

We find the most striking chemical similarities between two Main Group elements when they are in the same Group of the Periodic Table.

Elements in the same Group have the same number of valence electrons.

(a) is wrong, because elements in the same group have different masses.

(c) is wrong, because atoms with the same number of protons belong to the same element.

(d) is wrong, because elements in the same Group must be in . different Periods.

3.54 × 10⁵ Pa.

Ammonia NH₃ and oxygen gas O₂ reacts at a one-to-one molar ratio to produce NO and H₂O.

NH₃ + O₂ → NO + H₂O (Balanced)

The vessel will contain

It will contain 0.3841 + 0.2031 + 0.2031 = 0.7903 mol gas particles by the end of the reaction.

[tex]P = n \cdot R \cdot T / V \\\phantom{P} = 0.7903 \times (8.314 \times 10^{3}) \times (273 + 23) / 5.50 \\\phantom{P} = 3.54 \times 10^5 \; \text{Pa}[/tex]

Assuming that the final mixture is an ideal gas, it will exert a pressure of 3.54 × 10⁵ Pa on the container.

We can find the final gas pressure by first converting the given grams of ammonia and oxygen into moles, then using the ideal gas law to calculate the final gas pressure. The final gas pressure inside the vessel after the reaction is approximately 2.54 atm.

In this question, we are asked to find the final gas pressure inside the vessel after a reaction between gaseous ammonia (NH3) and oxygen (O2), yielding Nitric Oxide (NO) gas and water vapor. The reaction is as follows: 4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) => 4NO(g) + 6H2O(g).

First, we need to calculate the number of moles for both ammonia and oxygen. We know that the molar mass of NH3 is 17 g/mol, and for O2 its 32 g/mol. Therefore, we have 10.0g / 17 g/mol = 0.59 mol ammonia and 6.50g / 32 g/mol = 0.20 mol oxygen.

Now apply the ideal gas law (PV=nRT), we will find the final pressure. Note that to use this formula, the temperature needs to be in Kelvin. We convert 23C to 296.15K(23 + 273.15). The total number of moles of gas is the sum of the moles of ammonia and oxygen, and the total volume is given as 5.50L.

So, the total pressure = nRT/V = (0.59 mol + 0.20 mol) * 0.0821 L atm/mol K × 296.15K / 5.50 L. This yields a final pressure of approximately 2.54 atm.

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ANSWER

It is an acid because it increases the concentration of hydronium ions.

HCl is an acid. When HCl is added into water, it undergoes the following dissociation:

  HCl + H₂O(l) → H₃O⁺(aq) + Cl⁻(aq).

The Arrhenius definition defines acids as subtances that release H⁺(aq) when put in water. This H⁺(aq) ions that HCl releases reacts with water to form H₃O (hydronium), leading to an increase in concentration of H₃O. 

The statement which is true about HCl is that it is an acid because it increases the concentration of hydronium ions. Thus, the correct option for this question is D.

HCl stands for hydrochloric acid. It is an inorganic chemical that has a strong corrosive acid with a chemical formula HCl. It is also known as hydrogen chloride or muriatic acid. When hydrogen chloride is dissolved in water HCl is formed.

HCl is a strong acid. When HCl is added to water, it significantly undergoes the dissociation reaction that is as follows:

According to Arrhenius's definition, it defines that acid is a substance that liberates H⁺(aq) when put in water. These H⁺(aq) ions that HCl releases typically react with water in order to form H₃O (hydronium), which leads to an enhancement in the concentration of H₃O.

Therefore, the statement which is true about HCl is that it is an acid because it increases the concentration of hydronium ions. Thus, the correct option for this question is D.

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The  true  about element in  period or  horizontal  row  of periodic table is

Each  element  has one more outer electron than the element before it. (answer B)

 Explanation

 In periodic table  there are four horizontal rows(periods) that is  period 1,2,3 and 4.

Across the period each element has one more electron than element before it.

For example  Na and Mg which  are in  periodic 3.

Na  has 2.8.1  or [Ne] 3s¹ electron configuration  while Mg has  2.8.2  or [Ne] 3S² electron configuration.

Since Mg has 2   outer electrons  while Na has 1 outer electron, Mg has more electron than Na.

The largest number of the four options is 1.8 X 10-2

You have it in scientific notation.

1.80 X 10-6  = 0.00000180

1.80 X 10-4   = 0.000180 (bigger, or "less small", than the former one)

So

1.8 X 10-2      = 0.0180. As you see. The "less small", or the biggest one of them all.

As you have negative exponent, it means you are dividing 1.8 by 100 (i.e. moving the dot towards left, two times).

If you had positive exponent for the scientific notation, power of tenths, you would be multiplying times 100 (moving the dot towards right) as below:

1.8 X (10)2 = 180

So. If you have negative exponent in Scientific notation, move the dot toward left. If it is positive, toward right as many times the exponent tells you.

Answer:

1.80 x 10-2

Explanation:

Answer:

The correct answers are options B and C, that is, it pushes on all the objects that are on the surface of the Earth, and it can be measured in kilopascals or atmospheres.

Explanation:

The atmospheric pressure or the barometric pressure refers to the pressure found inside the Earth's atmosphere. With the increasing height, the atmospheric pressure decreases. In meteorology, the barometer is an instrument, which is used to find the atmospheric pressure. Atm or atmospheric pressure is the force per unit region by the weight of air above that location, and kPa or kilopascal refers to a metric system pressure unit, which is equivalent to 1000 force of Newton per square meter.

Your answer to this question would be D. all of the above. Hope that my answer can help you and good luck!

He could be blindfolded and know which was his and which was his sister's. All he would need to do is pick them both up and if they were too big then pick them up one at a time. The lumber might make it harder to tell, but this is a question about physical properties.

So there is a change in mass which for the purpose of this question should be  quite different. His sister's ought to be much lighter than his. He would find it easier to pick up.

the answer is desity

Answer:  

2.10 × 10⁹ yr  

Step-by-step explanation:  

The half-life of U-235 is the time it takes for half the U to decay.  

After one half-life, half (50 %) of the original amount will remain.  

After a second half-life, half of that amount (25 %) will remain, and so on.  

We can construct a table as follows:  

 No. of                           Fraction        Amount  

half-lives  t/(yr × 10⁶)   remaining  remaining/g  

      1                 700              ½                10.0  

      2              1400              ¼                 5.00  

      3              2100              ⅛                 2.50  

     4              2800              ¹/₁₆                 1.25  

We see that 2100 × 10⁶ yr is three half-lives, and the amount of U-235 remaining is 2.50 g.  

It takes 2.10× 10⁹ yr for the U-238 to decay to 2.50 g.

Good morning!

The correct answer is D- The carbon dioxide absorbed by the ocean increases.

Have a great day!

-Sky

If the temperature at the surface of the ocean increases, the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in the seawater will generally decrease.

When the water temperature rises, it reduces the solubility of carbon dioxide, causing it to be released from the water into the atmosphere.

This happens because warm water has a lower capacity to hold dissolved gases compared to cold water. As a result, as the surface temperature of the ocean increases, the ability of the seawater to retain carbon dioxide decreases, leading to the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

So, in response to the question, the correct answer is: The carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere increases.

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The  moles  of carbon  that  are in the sample  of 21.45  moles of heptane(C₇H₁₆)  is 150.15   moles

  calculation

 moles  of carbon = moles  of  heptane  × number of C atom

 number of C atom  in heptane = 1 ×7  = 7 atoms

moles is therefore = 21.45 moles ×  7 =150.15  moles

Answer: The number of moles of carbon atom that the given amount of heptane is 150.15 moles

Explanation:

We are given:

Moles of heptane = 21.45 moles

The chemical formula for heptane is [tex]C_7H_{16}[/tex]

1 mole of heptane contains 7 moles of carbon atom and 16 moles of hydrogen atom

So, 21.45 moles of heptane will contain [tex](7\times 21.45)=150.15moles[/tex] of carbon atom

Hence, the number of moles of carbon atom that the given amount of heptane is 150.15 moles

We have to know the molarity of solution obtained when 5.71 g of Na₂CO₃.10 H₂O is dissolved in water and made up to 250 cm³ solution.

The molarity of solution obtained when 5.71 g of sodium carbonate-10-water (Na₂CO₃.10 H₂O)  is dissolved in water and made up to 250.0 cm^3 solutionis: (A) 0.08 mol dm⁻³

The molarit y of solution means the number of moles of solute present in one litre of solution. Here solute is Na₂CO₃.10 H₂O and solvent is water. Volume of solution is 250 cm³.

Molar mass of Na₂CO₃.10 H₂O is 286 grams which means mass of one mole of Na₂CO₃.10 H₂O is 286 grams.

5.71 grams of Na₂CO₃.10 H₂O is equal to [tex]\frac{5.71}{286}[/tex]= 0.0199 moles of Na₂CO₃.10 H₂O. So, 0.0199 moles of Na₂CO₃.10 H₂O present in 250 cm³ volume of solution.

Hence, number of moles of Na₂CO₃.10 H₂O present in one litre (equal to 1000 cm³) of solution is [tex]\frac{0.0199 X 1000}{250}[/tex] = 0.0796 moles. So, the molarity of the solution is 0.0796 mol/dm³ ≅ 0.08 mol/dm³

Answer : The enthalpy change for converting 1 mole of ice at [tex]-25.0^oC[/tex] to water at [tex]90^oC[/tex] is, 7.712 KJ

Solution :

Process involved in the calculation of enthalpy change :

[tex](1):ice(-25^oC)\rightarrow ice(0^oC)\\\\(2):ice(0^oC)\rightarrow water(0^oC)\\\\(3):water(0^oC)\rightarrow water(90^oC)[/tex]

Now we have to calculate the enthalpy change.

[tex]\Delta H=[m\times c_{ice}\times (T_2-T_1)]+\Delta H_{fusion}+[m\times c_{water}\times (T_3-T_2)][/tex]

where,

[tex]\Delta H[/tex] = enthalpy change

m = mass of water = [tex]1mole\times 18g/mole=18g[/tex]

[tex]c_{ice}[/tex] = specific heat of ice = 2.09 J/gk

[tex]c_{water}[/tex] = specific heat of water = 4.18 J/gk

[tex]\Delta H_{fusion}[/tex] = enthalpy change for fusion = 6.01 KJ/mole = 0.00601 J/mole

conversion : [tex]0^oC=273k[/tex]

[tex]T_1[/tex] = initial temperature of ice = [tex]0^oC=273k[/tex]

[tex]T_2[/tex] = final temperature of ice = [tex]-25^oC=273+(-25)=248k[/tex]

[tex]T_3[/tex] = initial temperature of water = [tex]0^oC=273k[/tex]

[tex]T_4[/tex] = final temperature of water = [tex]90^oC=273+90=363k[/tex]

Now put all the given values in the above expression, we get

[tex]\Delta H=[18g\times 2.09J/gK\times (273-248)k]+0.00601J+[18g\times 4.18J/gK\times (363-273)k][/tex]

[tex]\Delta H=7712.106J=7.712KJ[/tex]     (1 KJ = 1000 J)

Therefore, the enthalpy change for converting 1 mole of ice at [tex]-25.0^oC[/tex] to water at [tex]90^oC[/tex] is, 7.712 KJ

The total enthalpy change for converting 1.00 mol of ice at -25.0 °C to water at 90.0 °C is calculated by first warming the ice to 0°C, melting the ice at 0°C to water, and finally heating the water to 90°C. Summing these steps gives a total enthalpy change of 11.84 kJ.

The enthalpy change for the transition of ice to water involves both warming of the ice and heat for fusion. Firstly, we must warm the ice to 0.00 °C from -25.0 °C using the formula q=m*C*ΔT. Given the specific heat of ice is 2.09 J/g°K, mass is assumed to be 1.00 mol which is equivalent to 18g (1 mol of H2O = 18g), thus the heat required is ((18g*-25.0°C)*(2.09 J/g°K)) = -940.5 J or -0.94 kJ.

Next, we need to convert the ice at 0.00 °C to liquid water at 0.00 °C using enthalpy of fusion (ΔHfus) giving 1.00mol * 6.01 kJ/mol = 6.01 kJ. Then, we need to heat the water from 0.00 °C to 90.0 °C, q = (18.02 g)*(90.0°K)*(4.18 J/g°K) = 6766 J or 6.77 kJ.

Summing all these values gives the total enthalpy change for this process as (-0.94 kJ + 6.01 kJ + 6.77 kJ) = 11.84 kJ. Note, that we consider the absorbed heat as positive while heat given out (as in the initial warming of ice) is negative in accordance with the convention in thermodynamics.

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1) Answer is: the percent yield of the reaction is 84.5%.

Balanced chemical reaction: 2SO₂ + 2H₂O + O₂ → 2H₂SO₄.

V(SO₂) = 67.2 L; voulume of sulfur dioxide.

Vm = 22.4 L/mol; molar volume.

m(H₂SO₄) = 250 g; actual mass of sulfuric acid.

n(SO₂) = V(SO₂) ÷ Vm.

n(SO₂) = 67.2 L ÷ 22.4 L/mol.

n(SO₂) = 3 mol; amount of sulfur dioxide.

2) From balanced chemical reaction: n(SO₂) : n(H₂SO₄) = 2 : 2 (1 : 1).

n(H₂SO₄) = n(SO₂).

n(H₂SO₄) = 3 mol; amoun of sulfuric acid.

M(H₂SO₄) = 98.08 g/mol; molar mass of sulfuric acid.

m(H₂SO₄) = n(H₂SO₄) · M(H₂SO₄).

m(H₂SO₄) = 3 mol · 98.08 g/mol.

m(H₂SO₄) = 294.24 g; theoretical mass of sulfuric acid.

Theoretical yield is the maximum amount of product that can be produced from limiting reactant and actual yield is a product that is obtained by experimentation.

the percent yield = actual yield / theoretical yield.

the percent yield = 250 g ÷ 294.24 g · 100%.

the percent yield = 84.5 %.

Answer 1) [tex]Pb+AlCl_3\rightarrow [/tex] no reaction

As lead lies lower in reactivity series, it is less reactive than Aluminium. It will not be able to displace aluminium from its salt and hence no reaction occur. Thus the given statement is false.

2) [tex]Na_3PO4+3KOH\rightarrow 3NaOH+K_3PO_4[/tex], because K retains the same charge throughout the reaction.

A balanced chemical reaction is one in which the number of atoms on both sides of a chemical equation are same. Also K has an oxidation state or charge of +1 in [tex]KOH[/tex] as well as [tex]K_3PO_4[/tex]

3) [tex]Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2[/tex]

A single replacement reaction is one in which a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from its salt solution.Thus zinc can easily lose electrons as compared to hydrogen and result in the formation of zinc sulfate and hydrogen.

[tex]Ba(OH)_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4+2H_2O[/tex]: is a double displacement reaction in which ion exchange takes place.

[tex]2Mg+O_2\rightarrow 2MgO[/tex]: It is a synthesis reaction as two reactants combine to give a single product.

[tex]H_2O+CO_2\rightarrow H_2CO_3[/tex]: It is a synthesis reaction as two reactants combine to give a single product.

4) [tex]2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow 2NaOH+H_2[/tex] Sodium metal reacts with water to produce hydrogen gas: A single replacement reaction takes place because sodium is more reactive than hydrogen.

Sodium easily lose electrons than hydrogen and get oxidized to [tex]Na^+[/tex] in NaOH and [tex]H^+[/tex] get reduced to give [tex]H_2[/tex]

5) A single replacement reaction is a reaction in which one element replaces a similar element within a compound - False

A single replacement reaction is one in which a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from its salt solution. Thus one element should be different from another element.

A double displacement reaction is one in which exchange of ions take place.

6) Metal + Ionic compound : It is a single replacement reaction, and the cations in the two ionic compounds are different.

Example: [tex]2K+MgCl_2\rightarrow 2KCl+Mg[/tex] where K is a metal and [tex]MgCl_2[/tex] is an ionic compound. K being more reactive than Mg, displaces it from its salt solution.

Final answer:

The correct answers are False for Question 1 as Pb cannot replace Al in AlCl₃, the balanced equation for Na₃PO₄ and KOH is Na₃PO₄+ 3KOH → 3NaOH + K₃PO₄, and Zn + H₂SO₄ → ZnSO₄ + H₂ is an example of a single replacement reaction. True for Question 5, the nature of the single replacement reaction involves different cations.

Explanation:

For question 1, the statement is False. Lead (Pb) cannot replace aluminum (Al) in AlCl₃ because, according to the activity series, lead is less reactive than aluminum. For Pb to replace Al, Pb must be higher on the activity series.

For question 2, the correct balanced equation is Na₃PO₄ + 3KOH → 3NaOH + K₃PO₄, as potassium (K) retains the 1+ charge throughout the reaction.

For question 3, Zn + H₂SO₄ → ZnSO₄ + H₂ is an example of a single replacement reaction, where zinc (Zn) replaces the hydrogen (H).

For question 4, the reaction is a single replacement reaction that takes place because sodium (Na) is more reactive than hydrogen (H).

For question 5, the statement is True. A single replacement reaction involves one element replacing a similar element within a compound.

For question 6, the correct answer is It is a single replacement reaction, and the cations in the two ionic compounds are different.

Answer:

D. 2 NaNO₃

Explanation:

A double displacement reaction is a type of reaction where two reactants exchange ions to form two new compounds. Double displacement reactions typically result in the formation of a product that is a precipitate.

Double displacement reactions take the form:

AB + CD → AD + CB

For the reaction:

Zn(NO₃)₂(aq) + Na₂S(aq) → ZnS(s) + X

If Zn bond with S, NO₃ must be react with Na to produce NaNO₃ that is a soluble salt (Is in aqueous state (aq)). As there are 2 Na and 2 NO₃ the right answer is:

D. 2 NaNO₃

I hope it helps!

Precipitation reactions occur when cations and anions in aqueous solution combine to form an insoluble ionic solid called a precipitate. Whether or not such a reaction occurs can be determined by using the solubility rules for common ionic solids. Because not all aqueous reactions form precipitates, one must consult the solubility rules before determining the state of the products and writing a net ionic equation. The ability to predict these reactions allows scientists to determine which ions are present in a solution, and allows industries to form chemicals by extracting components from these reactions.

Answer: 1. Option (A) is the correct answer.

              2. Option (D) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

When there is formation of an insoluble salt due to chemical reaction where two ions combine together in an aqueous solution then this insoluble salt is known as precipitate.

Therefore, chemical precipitation occurs when a product is insoluble and precipitates out of a solution.

Whereas reactants dissolve in precipitation reaction that is why a chemical reaction takes place in which an insoluble product is formed.

For example, [tex]AgNO_{3}(aq) + NaCl(aq) \rightarrow AgCl (ppt) + NaNO_{3}(aq)[/tex]

Here AgCl is the precipitate which is insoluble.

Thus, we can conclude the following.

Answer: For a. Mass number for the particle is 0.

For b. The charge on the particle is -1.

For c. Another name for [tex]\beta [/tex]- particle is electron.

Explanation:

Beta- minus decay is the decay process in which beta-particle is emitted. The mass number of the nuclei remains same and the mass number of the particle is 0. The charge on the particle is -1 and the emitted particle is also called as electron.

[tex]_Z^A\textrm{X}\rightarrow _{Z+1}^A\textrm{Y}+_{-1}^0\beta[/tex]

For a. The mass number for the particle is 0.

For b. The charge on the particle is -1.

For c. Another name for [tex]\beta [/tex]- particle is electron.