A) Describe the first interaction that triggers signaling to begin in a target cell.
B) Identify a dependent variable in the experimental design. Identify a negative control for the effects of hormone addition. Identify a likely reason why the researchers continued their experiment for 240 minutes.
C) Describe the hormone and signaling protein combination that produced the greatest and most prolonged response. For the phosphorylation STAT5 response that reached 100 percent at 10 minuted in Figure 1A, calculate the rate of decrease (percent decrease per minute) in the detected level of phosphorylated STAT5 from 10 to 30 minutes.
D) The researchers claim that the similar regulation of carbohydrate metabolism by hepatocytes when the cells are treated with growth hormone or insulin results from the activation of different signaling pathways. Use the data from the researchers’ experiment to support their claim.
Answers
Signaling in a target cell is triggered by the binding of a molecule to a receptor, initiating a signal transduction pathway. In an experiment, the dependent variable is measured and a negative control is taken without the addition of the hormone. Specific data is needed to describe the greatest response or calculate the rate of decrease.
Explanation:The first interaction that triggers signaling in a target cell usually begins with a molecule, often a hormone or neurotransmitter, binding to a receptor protein on the cell surface. This causes the receptor to change shape, triggering a series of biochemical reactions inside the cell that forms a 'signal transduction pathway'. This can result in a variety of cell responses, including changes in gene expression, cell division, or cell death.
A dependent variable in an experimental design is an outcome, or response, that the researcher measures. In the context of a cell signaling experiment, this could be the level of a particular protein or the rate of a biochemical reaction. A negative control for hormone addition could involve conducting the same experiment without adding the hormone, to ensure that any changes observed are truly due to the hormone and not other factors. Continuing the experiment for 240 minutes was likely done to observe the entire response of the cell and to see whether the response continues, increases, decreases, or has a delay.
Without specific data, it's not possible to describe the hormone and signaling protein combination that had the greatest response or to calculate the rate of decrease in phosphorylated STAT5. You would need numerical data to perform these calculations.
If the researchers claim that similar regulation of carbohydrate metabolism occurs with growth hormone and insulin due to activation of different signaling pathways, look for experimental data showing different responses or outcomes when cells are treated with these hormones. This could include different patterns of protein expression, signaling molecules used, or cellular responses.
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Related Questions
What happens when the number of organisms in an environment is higher
than the carrying capacity?
O
A. The population will increase quickly.
O
B. The population remains the same.
O
C. The population will decrease.
O
D. The population will increase slowly.
Answers
Answer:
C
Explanation:
When the number of organisms in an environment is higher than the carrying capacity, the population most probably will decrease. Thus, the correct option is C.
What is the carrying capacity?The carrying capacity may be defined as the maximum number of individuals that can be supported by a habitat. Every habitat has a fixed carrying capacity. The carrying capacity of the habitat primarily depends on two factors. They are as follows:
The Food to eat.The space to live.When the number of organisms in an environment is higher than the carrying capacity, they feel the scarcity or limitation of food to eat and space to live, this creates more competition between the members of the same or different species.
Thus, the offspring who have favorable variations of relative fitness will survive, and the rest will be eliminated by a habitat. The population will most probably fall down.
Therefore, when the number of organisms in an environment is higher than the carrying capacity, the population most probably will decrease. Thus, the correct option is C.
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The state of California has over 1,000 dams, many built from the 1930s to the 1970s to reduce flooding and to create hydroelectric power. A dramatic decrease in salmon and trout populations were noted in the dammed rivers. The state has recently begun to research dam removal to restore rivers to their original flow. Which of the following is a possible benefit of removing some dams?
A. Restoration of migrating fish habitats and related food web species.
B. Increased hydroelectric power output from remaining California dams.
C. Better long-term drought prevention from reservoirs.
D. A decrease in flooding events downstream from where the dam is removed.
Answers
Answer: A. Restoration of migrating fish habitats and related food web species.
Explanation:
The removal of dam is likely to increase the incidences of flood because of overflow of river water, it will also decrease the output of electricity generation in California. The dam can keep the river water in a circulation hence can also prevent it to dry. Thus without dam the river water is expected to dry and condition of drought may result in California.
The removal of dam will help in restoring the biodiversity of the free flowing river. The marine animals can migrate in river water which has been restricted from flowing. The salmon and tout populations may get restored in terms of numbers. Also, this initiative will restore the food web as many marine species are dependent on each other for food needs.
Why do plants excrete more carbon dioxide at night than during the day
Answers
Answer:
The plants excrete more 'carbon dioxide' in the night because photosynthesis does not take place during the night. Explanation: The plants give our oxygen and take in carbon dioxide because they can prepare food by the process of 'photosynthesis' by using 'carbon dioxide and water'.
Explanation:
Answer:
Plants excrete more carbon dioxide at night because the sun is not out therefore photosynthesis does not take place.
Explanation:
Plants give us oxygen and take in our carbon dioxide because they can receive food through photosynthesis by using carbon dioxide, water and sunlight.
How does the excretory system interact with the circulatory system?
Answers
Answer:
E
Explanation:
System interactions: A interaction of the excretory system with another body system is with the Circulatory system, because the circulatory system passes through one of the kidneys and has liquid waste removed from the blood.
a series of steps used by scientists to solve a problem or answer a question
A.metric system
B.Scientific method
C.data collection
D.recipe
Answers
Answer:
Scientific Method
A series of steps which are used by the scientists to solve a problem or answer a question is Scientific method. Thus, the correct option is B.
What is Scientific method?The scientific method is an empirical method for acquiring knowledge which has characterized the development of science since the 17th century It involves careful observation, application of rigorous skepticism about what is observed in the study, given which the cognitive assumptions can distort how one interprets from the observations made.
The Scientific Method is not the only way, however it is the best-known way to discover how and why the world actually works, without our knowledge which is being tainted through the religious, political, or philosophical values. This method provides a means to formulate the questions about general observations and devise theories of explanation for the study.
Therefore, the correct option is B.
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If Grandma were BB, could any bb children be produced from Grandma and Grandpa? If Grandma were Bb, could any bb children be produced from them? Do Punnet squares to determine your answer.
Answers
Answer:
Photo?
Explanation:
Send me the microscopic photo
2. If grandma was Bb and grandma was was bb 2 bb children could be produced
Which action could humans take to slow the rate of global warming?
Answers
Answer:
PREVENT THE BURNING OF FOSSIL FUELS
Explanation:
prevent the burning of fossil fuels, do good for the earth, recycle, plant trees
Name the different steps of the reproductive cycle?
Answers
Use the same article to answer the following question. Lung Transplants When are lung transplants performed? What are the risks of lung transplants?
Answers
Answer:
When are lung transplants performed?
When the body's lungs are destroyed or the lungs have a disease on them and need to be transplanted immediately.
What are the risks of lung transplants?
The body may reject these lungs rendering them useless.
Lung transplants are typically performed for end-stage respiratory diseases to improve quality and life expectancy, but carry risks like organ rejection, infections, and complications from medications.
Lung transplants are performed when a person's lungs are severely damaged and no longer function properly. This is often the result of chronic respiratory diseases or conditions such as COPD, cystic fibrosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and advanced lung cancer. Transplants aim to improve both the quality and expectancy of life for patients with these end-stage lung diseases. However, lung transplants carry significant risks, including rejection of the transplanted organ by the patient’s immune system, infections, and side effects from immunosuppressive medications necessary to reduce the risk of organ rejection.The risks associated with lung transplants can be substantial. Rejection is a common issue, occurring when the body's immune system attacks the new organ. Infections are also a concern, particularly because the drugs used to prevent rejection can weaken the immune system. Another risk is organ failure, which may result from various complications related to the surgery or from the transplanted lungs themselves not functioning as intended.Long-term care and monitoring are imperative after a lung transplant, with the goal of managing and mitigating these risks as much as possible to ensure the longevity and quality of life for the transplant recipient.
In which process do plants release oxygen?
O A. Transpiration
B. Percolation
C. Evaporation
D. Photosynthesis
Answers
Answer:
Photosynthesis
ExplanatioIn the process of photosynthesis plant take up carbon dioxide and releas oxygen
pros and cons on solar panels?
Answers
Answer:
Pros: they help the environment and use solar energy to create electricity to ur house
cons: They do take a while to set up, and cost a bit out of pocket as they say. Eventually, it does help save money though
Explanation:
Technology development
Cons: needs clean daily
Is expensive
Associated with pollution
one role of enzymes in the human body.
Answers
Answer:
speed up the rate of virtually all of the chemical reactions that take place within cells.
Enzymes play a crucial role in the human body as biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions necessary for various physiological processes.
Enzymes facilitate the conversion of substrates into products by lowering the activation energy required for a reaction to occur. Enzymes are involved in digestion, where they break down complex molecules such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats into smaller components for absorption. They also participate in metabolism, helping to transform and utilize nutrients, regulate cellular processes, and generate energy.
Therefore, enzymes are vital in DNA replication, protein synthesis, and cell signaling, enabling efficient and precise biochemical reactions that are essential for the proper functioning of cells, tissues, and organs.
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What important process happens in the leaves?
Answers
Study the picture of the ocean. Which is the best example of an organism’s niche shown in the picture? The environment contains several of the same species of coral. The shallow area of the ocean meets the needs of the coral and the fish. The ocean has fish and coral that live in the same area. The coral take in food from the water and provide shelter for the fish.
Answers
Image is not provided in the question. The image is attached below for the question.
Answer:
The coral take in food from the water and provide shelter for the fish.
Explanation:
Coral reefs found in marine ecosystem and provide diverse ecosystem on the planet. They play very important role in marine ecosystem such as resist the effect of wave action and tropical storms and protect coastlines and provide shelter and habitat to other marine organism such as small fishes.
The image given shows fish and corals exists together and shows relationship between corals and fishes. This means, Corals take minerals and food from the water and provide shelter to marine animals.
Like this corals functions in the marine system.
Hence, teh correct option is "The coral take in food from the water and provide shelter for the fish".
1) What are the major oceans of the Earth?
Answers
Answer:
Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern, and Arctic Oceans.
Explanation:
A large body of air with the same temperature and amounts of moisture: *
A) storm
B) front
C) low-pressure system
D) air mass
Answers
Answer:
D. air mass
hope this helps
Explanation: I had a question on a test like this
The chart shows shared characteristics of three organisms. Which is supported by the information in the chart? The common ancestor of rabbits, fish, and cats had fins. The common ancestor of these three organisms did not have lungs. Rabbits and fish only share one characteristic and are not related. Cats are more closely related to fish than to rabbits
Answers
Answer:
its b
Explanation:
i got it right on the test
The common ancestor of these three organisms did not have lungs. So, the correct option is (B).
What is Lungs?Lungs are described as a pair of organs present in the chest that supplies oxygen to the body, and removes carbon dioxide from the body.
The lungs and respiratory system allow us to breathe which brings oxygen into our body which is known as inspiration or inhalation and removes carbon dioxide which is known as expiration or exhalation. This exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide is called respiration.
The lungs are divided into segments or lobes with the right lung having three lobes while the slightly larger left lung has two lobes. These are separated by the mediastinum which contains the heart, trachea, esophagus and many lymph nodes.
Thus, the common ancestor of these three organisms did not have lungs. So, the correct option is (B).
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Your question is incomplete, but probably the complete question is:
The chart shows shared characteristics of three organisms. Which is supported by the information in the chart? (I WILL MARK BRAINLIEST PLEASE HURRY)
A. The common ancestor of rabbits, fish, and cats had fins.
B. The common ancestor of these three organisms did not have lungs.
C. Rabbits and fish only share one characteristic and are not related.
D. Cats are more closely related to fish than to rabbits.
When would you expect volcanoes or volcanic islands to form? (Which 2 types of plates are colliding?)
Answers
Answer:
Volcanoes is one particular kind of feature that forms along convergent plate boundaries, where two tectonic plates clash (collide) and one moves below the other.
Explanation:
Do we live on or in earth?
Answers
Answer:
on the earth
Explanation:
There are four basic functions of soil as a medium for plant growth:
, water, oxygen and nutrients.
Answers
Soil serves four basic functions as a medium for plant growth: providing structural support, offering water, enabling oxygen access, and delivering essential nutrients. These elements together create an environment conducive to plant development and growth.
Explanation:The four basic functions of soil that support plant growth include supporting the plant structure, providing water, allowing gas exchange (oxygen), and supplying nutrients. Soil provides a substrate for the plants, where they anchor their roots to help them stay upright. It also has the ability to store and provide water to the plant, which is essential for its survival. Soil plays a crucial role in allowing airflow (specifically oxygen) to the plant's roots. This is crucial for respiration, a vital process in plant growth. Lastly, soil contains essential nutrients that are indispensable for plant growth, including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium among others. These nutrients are absorbed by the plant roots and used for various biological functions.
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A single-celled organism is represented in the diagram below. An activity is indicated by
the arrow
Wastes
If this activity requires the use of energy, which substance would be the source of this
energy?
DNA
a hormone
an antibody
АТР
Answers
Answer:
ATP? i belibe
ATP would be the source of energy in this activity.
What are the functions of ATP?Adenosine triphosphate is an organic compound that provides energy to drive many processes in living cells, such as muscle contraction, nerve impulse propagation, condensate dissolution, and chemical synthesis.
ATP can be used to store energy for future reactions or be withdrawn to pay for reactions when energy is required by the cell. Animals store the energy obtained from the breakdown of food as ATP.
ATP is able to power cellular processes by transferring a phosphate group to another molecule. This transfer is carried out by special enzymes that couple the release of energy from ATP to cellular activities that require energy.
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Scientists believe green algae to be the ancestors of land plants. The classification division separating algae from the kingdom Plantae began with fossil evidence. To be successful land plants require certain modifications. This early Devonian land plant had both vascular tissue and, as seen here,
Answers
The question is incomplete as it does not have the options which are:
A) roots. B) spores. C) seed pods. D) chlorophyll.
Answer:
A) roots
Explanation:
The vascular plants are evolved from the Bryophytes which are evolved from the algae.
The algae are non-vascular plants and Bryophytes too. The vascular plants developed the vascular tissue to transport the absorbed water and nutrients from the terrestrial surface.
The plants living during the Devonian period possessed the vascular tissue to transport the nutrients but to absorb the nutrients and water, they also possessed the roots.
Thus, Option-A is the correct answer.
Which choice represents a dihybrid cross?
Answers
Answer:
i am not sure but the answer is XY x XX
Explanation:
let me know if i am wrong cause i am not sure
How can radar be used to forecast weather?
Answers
Answer:
the radar used in weather forecasting measures the direction and speed, or velocity, of objects such as drops of precipitation.
Explanation:
Answer:
The Doppler radar used in weather forecasting measures the direction and speed, or velocity, of objects such as drops of precipitation. This is called the Doppler Effect and is used to determine whether movement in the atmosphere is horizontally toward or away from the radar, which aides in weather forecasting.
Explanation:
I like radars
Begin by making a list of questions that will help you conduct research on the topic. To get you started, here are some questions that may lead you to a better understanding of the topic: How does artificial selection differ from natural selection? How did modern dogs evolve? Who are their ancestors? What is a dog breed? What is a pedigree? What methods are used to breed dogs? Are there any ethical issues with these methods? What are the benefits and consequences of dog breeding? What are bulldogs like? What traits does the English bulldog have? Are bulldogs more healthy or less healthy than other breeds? What is genetic diversity? What is the current genetic diversity of the English bulldog? How does the genetic diversity of the English bulldog relate to the breed’s future viability? Now write down four more questions about bulldogs that will help you strengthen your arguments in your research paper.
Answers
The answers to these questions are the following:
Artificial selection is different to natural selection because humans control this selection
Modern dogs evolve by artificial selection.
Their ancestors are the wolves.
Dog breed is the genetic cross between dogs.
Pedigree is a diagram that shows the family tree.
Dogs are crossed depending on their physical and cognitive traits.
Dogs are crossed by artificial selection.
Ethical concerns: reduced genetic diversity may lead to health problems.
Benefits of dog breeding: to obtain dogs with the desired traits
Bulldog is a dog race.
English bulldogs are dogs with a medium-size, they are strong and have a wrinkled face.
English bulldogs have health problems related to the reduction in genetic diversity.
The reduction in genetic diversity of the English bulldog may lead to decrease the future viability of this race.
Bulldogs have shown to have health issues related to the reduction in genetic diversity: short noses: difficulties to breath, folds in the skin: dermatitis, corneal ulcers and otitis externa.
Answer:
The one on the top
At which type of boundary does tension often occur?
Answers
Answer:B) divergent
Explaination: Tension is a type of stress that occurs where plates move apart. Rocks stretch apart. Stretching causes rocks to become thin in the middle. Tension often occurs at divergent boundaries
what do plants do when they grow towards sunlight.
Answers
Answer:
They grow towards the sunlight to be able to generate energy
Explanation:
They need to do photosynthesis
Answer:
they grow toward the sunlight to be able to generate energy by photosynthesis.
Explanation:
As we know from looking at plants on a windowsill, they grow toward the sunlight to be able to generate energy by photosynthesis. ... "Even mature plants bend toward the strongest light. They do this by elongating the cells of the stem on the side that is farthest from the light.
Which of the following shows an unsaturated fatty Acid? Out of those two
Answers
Answer:
None of these two
Explanation:
An unsaturated fatty acid must contain a double bond in the poly carbon chain other than the double bond in the functional group. In these two, images there exists a double bond in the carboxylic group i.e –COOH.
Since none of them have double bond in long poly carbon chain, therefore these two fatty acids cannot be considered as unsaturated fatty acid.
Which descriptions apply to Mendel's pea plant experiments? Select three options.
studied first generation plants only
relied on random pollination and reproduction of plants
used cross breeding to purposely breed plants
studied a variety of pea plant traits
focused primarily on breeding larger, healthier pea plants
studied several generations of plants
Mark this and return
Next
Answers
Answer:
Used cross breeding to purposely breed plants. Studied a variety of pea plant traits. studied several generations of pea plants.
Explanation:
Answer:
The answers are 3, 4, and 6
Explanation:
Traits and behaviors. URGENT DUE TODAY!
Answers
Answer:
The scar on its ear
Explanation:
The scar is not an action/trait of the AE. It is something that is lleft behind from an event. Not all AE have them.
I wish you luck! :)
Answer:
D.
Explanation:
The answer is D,
because a scar on a elephants ear could have come from anything not from their parents inheritance.