what is latent heat?
Answer :
Latent heat : Latent heat is defined as the amount of heat required to convert the solid into liquid or vapor and a liquid into a vapor without changing the temperature.
As there are two types of latent heat which are :
(1) Latent heat of fusion
(2) Latent heat of vaporization
Latent heat of fusion : Latent heat of fusion is defined as the amount of heat energy released or absorbed when the solid converted to liquid at atmospheric pressure at its melting point.
Latent heat of vaporization : Latent heat of vaporization is defined as the amount of heat energy released or absorbed when the liquid converted to vapor at atmospheric pressure at its boiling point.
Which elements make up the compound that helps give carbonated beverages their "fizz"?
What is the total number of completely filled sublevels found in the atom of krypton in the ground state?
Krypton in the ground state has a total of 4 completely filled sublevels, which are 1s, 2s, 2p, and 3s.
Explanation:In the ground state, krypton has a total of 4 completely filled sublevels. The electron configuration for krypton is: 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d¹4s²4p⁶. The completely filled sublevels are 1s, 2s, 2p, and 3s.
Is you splashed strong acid on your face, how would get rid of it?
Final answer:
In the event of a strong acid splash on the face, immediately rinse with water for at least 15 to 20 minutes, remove any contaminated clothing, and seek medical attention without delay. Do not apply any substances to the affected area before consulting a professional.
Explanation:
If you splash strong acid on your face, it is crucial to act quickly to prevent severe burns and further injury. The first step is to immediately rinse the affected area with a large amount of water for at least 15 to 20 minutes. It is essential to use lukewarm water and avoid rubbing the area, which can further damage the skin. If available, you can also use special neutralizing solutions designed for chemical burns, but water should be your first choice.
After rinsing, it is critical to seek professional medical help immediately. Do not apply any creams, ointments, or other substances to the affected area before getting medical advice. While waiting for medical help, you should remove any contaminated clothing carefully and avoid touching the burn to reduce the risk of infection and further irritation. Always be careful when handling chemicals and wear appropriate protective gear to prevent such accidents.
Is mixing sodium chloride and silver nitrate a chemical or physical change?
Consider the chemical reaction: 2 cu(no3)2→ 2 cuo (s) + 4 no2 (g) + o2 (g)when 9.378 g of cu(no3)2 completely decomposed, how many liters of gas will be produced at 273 k and 1 atm? the molar mass of cu(no3)2 is 187.56 g/mol.a) 0.56
b.1.12c) 2.24
d.2.80e) 3.92
2Cu(NO3)2 ----------> 2CuO (s) +4NO2 (g) + O2(g)
9.378g=0.05moles
no of moles = weight / MW = 9.378/187.56 = 0.05moles
as per the above reaaction 2moles of Cu(NO3)2 can produce 4moles of N2
0.05moles Cu(NO3)2 can produce (0.05*4)/2 = 0.1moles of N2
and 2moles of Cu(NO3)2 can produce 1moles of O2
0.05moles Cu(NO3)2 can produce (0.05*1)/2 = 0.025moles of O2
Total moles of gas i.e., N2 and O2 =0.1+0.025 = 0.125moles
From PV = nRT
V = nRT/ P = 0.125*0.0821*273 = 2.80166Lit option is correct
To determine the volume of gas produced, we need to calculate the moles of gas using the molar mass of Cu(NO3)2 and then use the ideal gas law equation to determine the volume. The answer is 2.24 liters of gas produced.
Explanation:To determine the volume of gas produced, we need to first calculate the moles of gas using the molar mass of Cu(NO3)2. Then, we can use the ideal gas law equation PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature. Solving for V, we can determine the volume of gas produced.
First, calculate the moles of Cu(NO3)2 using the given mass and molar mass:
moles of Cu(NO3)2 = mass / molar mass
moles of Cu(NO3)2 = 9.378 g / 187.56 g/mol
moles of Cu(NO3)2 = 0.050 moles
Since the stoichiometry of the reaction tells us that 2 moles of Cu(NO3)2 produces 4 moles of NO2 gas, we can determine the moles of NO2 gas produced:
moles of NO2 gas = (0.050 moles of Cu(NO3)2)(4 moles of NO2 / 2 moles of Cu(NO3)2)
moles of NO2 gas = 0.100 moles
Now we can use the ideal gas law equation to determine the volume:
V = (nRT) / P
V = (0.100 moles)(0.0821 L·atm/mol·K)(273 K) / 1 atm
V ≈ 2.24 L
Therefore, the answer is 2.24 liters of gas produced.
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A certain ore yields an average of 64% iron. how much ore is needed to obtain 896 lb of iron?
Final answer:
To extract 896 lb of iron from an ore that contains 64% iron, 1400 lb of ore is needed.
Explanation:
The student asked how much ore is needed to obtain 896 lb of iron if the ore yields an average of 64% iron. To find the amount of ore required, we use the following mathematical relationship:
First, express 64% as a decimal, which is 0.64.
Next, divide the desired amount of iron by the percentage (as a decimal) of iron in the ore to find the total amount of ore needed. The equation for this is Total Ore Needed = Amount of Iron Required / Percentage of Iron in Ore.
Therefore, we divide 896 lb by 0.64 to find the total ore needed.
Performing the division, we get 896 lb divided by 0.64 equals 1400 lb of ore needed.
To summarize, 1400 lb of ore is needed to extract 896 lb of iron from an ore that contains 64% iron.
Which option is an example of a physical property?
Flammability
pH
toxicity
freezing point
Answer: freezing point
Explanation:
Chemical property is defined as the property of a substance which is observed during a reaction where the chemical composition identity of the substance gets changed.
Physical property is defined as the property which can be measured and whose value describes the state of physical system. For Example: State, density etc.
Flammability is a chemical property as it alters the chemical composition of substance.
pH is a chemical property as it alters the chemical composition of substance.
Toxicity is a chemical property as it alters the chemical composition of substance.
Freezing point is a physical property as it deals only with phase changes.
What type of bond is shown by the Lewis dot structure?
Final answer:
Lewis electron-dot structures show the bonding in covalent molecules. Covalent bonds between atoms can be indicated either with dots (:) or a dash (-). The Lewis structure or Lewis formula shows all the bonding electron pairs as lines (bonds) and lone pairs (non-bonding electron pairs) as pairs of dots around each atom in a molecule.
Explanation:
Lewis electron-dot structures show the bonding in covalent molecules. Covalent bonds between atoms can be indicated either with dots (:) or a dash (-).
The Lewis structure or Lewis formula shows all the bonding electron pairs as lines (bonds) and lone pairs (non-bonding electron pairs) as pairs of dots around each atom in a molecule. Lewis dot symbols can be used to predict the number of bonds formed by elements in a compound.
Aqueous sodium hydroxide was mixed with aqueous zinc(ii) nitrate, and a crystallized zinc(ii) hydroxide product was formed. consider the other product and its phase, and then write the balanced molecular equation for this precipitation reaction
Final answer:
When aqueous sodium hydroxide is mixed with aqueous zinc(II) nitrate, crystallized zinc(II) hydroxide and aqueous sodium nitrate are formed. The balanced molecular equation for this precipitation reaction is Zn(NO₃)₂( aq) + 2NaOH(aq) → Zn(OH)₂(s) + 2NaNO₃(aq).
Explanation:
The question is about the chemical reaction where aqueous sodium hydroxide is mixed with aqueous zinc(II) nitrate, resulting in the formation of crystallized zinc(II) hydroxide as a precipitate. To find the other product of this precipitation reaction, we first write down the reactants and their formulas, which are NaOH(aq) for sodium hydroxide and (Zn(NO₃)₂(aq) for zinc nitrate. The reaction leads to the formation of zinc hydroxide, Zn(OH)₂, and sodium nitrate, NaNO₃, as products.
Writing the balanced molecular equation for this reaction:
\(Zn(NO₃)₂(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) \rightarrow Zn(OH)₂(s) + 2NaNO3(aq)\).
This equation shows the reactants on the left side and the products, including the solid zinc(II) hydroxide precipitate and aqueous sodium nitrate, on the right side. Note that it's crucial to balance the chemical equation to ensure the conservation of mass.
How many grams of nico3 will be formed when a 0.300 m nicl2 solution reacts completely with 14.3 ml of a 0.191 m na2co3 solution?
Final answer:
To calculate the grams of NiCO3 formed, the moles of Na2CO3 used are first calculated, then converted to moles of NiCO3 using the stoichiometry of the reaction, and finally, the mass of NiCO3 is found by multiplying its moles by its molar mass, resulting in 0.324 g of NiCO3.
Explanation:
To find out how many grams of NiCO3 will be formed, we first need to write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between NiCl2 and Na2CO3.
However, the provided question does not specify the exact reaction formula; typically, such a reaction would produce NiCO3 and NaCl. Assuming a reaction of the form NiCl2 + Na2CO3 → NiCO3 + 2 NaCl, and that NiCl2 reacts completely with Na2CO3, the next step is to calculate moles of Na2CO3 since its volume and molarity are given (14.3 mL of 0.191 M).
Moles of Na2CO3 = Volume (L) * Molarity = 0.0143 L * 0.191 mol/L = 0.00273 mol. Since the reaction is in a 1:1 molar ratio, the moles of NiCO3 produced will also be 0.00273 mol. To find the mass of NiCO3 formed, multiply the moles by the molar mass of NiCO3 (approximately 118.7 g/mol).
Mass of NiCO3 = Moles * Molar mass = 0.00273 mol * 118.7 g/mol = 0.324 g (rounded to three significant figures).
The process that changes the identity and number of protons in a nucleus is
The periodic table includes all of the known elements in the world. how are elements arranged on the periodic table?
Answer: The periodic elements are arranged by their atomic number.
The first ionization energies of the elements __________ as you go from left to right across a period of the periodic table, and __________ as you go from the bottom to the top of a group in the table.
Problem page write a balanced half-reaction for the reduction of gaseous nitrogen n2 to aqueous hydrazine n2h4 in acidic aqueous solution. be sure to add physical state symbols where appropriate.
Answer:Balanced half-reaction for the reduction of gaseous nitrogen to aqueous hydrazine is :
[tex]N_2(g)+4H^+(aq)+4e^-\rightarrow N_2H_4(aq)[/tex]
Explanation:
Half reaction will be written as:
[tex]N_2(g)\rightarrow N_2H_4(g)[/tex]
Balance the atoms in half reaction other than oxygen and hydrogen.
In acidic medium the hydrogen atom is balanced by adding [tex]H^+[/tex] ions.
[tex]N_2(g)+4H^+(aq)\rightarrow N_2H_4(aq)[/tex]
Now balance the charge on both the sides by adding electrons on that side where positive charge is greater.
[tex]N_2(g)+4H^+(aq)+4e^-\rightarrow N_2H_4(aq)[/tex]
Balanced half-reaction for the reduction of gaseous nitrogen to aqueous hydrazine is :
[tex]N_2(g)+4H^+(aq)+4e^-\rightarrow N_2H_4(aq)[/tex]
Final answer:
The balanced half-reaction for the reduction of gaseous nitrogen (N2) to aqueous hydrazine (N2H4) in an acidic solution is N2(g) + 4 H+(aq) + 4 e- → N2H4(aq). This reaction demonstrates the balance of both the number of atoms and the overall charge in a redox process.
Explanation:
To balance the half-reaction for the reduction of gaseous nitrogen (N₂) to aqueous hydrazine (N₂H₄) in an acidic aqueous solution, we need to ensure that the number of nitrogen atoms and the overall charge is balanced on both sides of the reaction. The initial, unbalanced half-reaction is:
N₂(g) + H₂(g) → N₂H₄(aq)
First, we balance the nitrogen atoms by noting that there are still two nitrogen atoms present on both sides of the equation, so no change is needed here.
Then, to balance hydrogen atoms, we add 4 H⁺ ions to the right side:
N₂(g) + H⁺(aq) → N₂H₄(aq)
To balance the charge, we need to add electrons to the side with a positive charge. Since we have added four protons (4 H⁺ ions) on the right side, we must balance the charge by adding 4 electrons to the left side:
N₂(g) + 4 H⁺(aq) + 4 e⁻ → N₂H₄(aq)
All atoms and the charge are now balanced, making this the correct reduced half-reaction for the reduction of nitrogen to hydrazine in acidic solution.
An atom of nickel has a mass number of 58. how many neutrons are in its nucleus?
The outermost layer of Earth is called the mantle. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F
What is the molality of a solution containing 4.0 moles of solute in 3.2 kg of solvent? Round to the nearest tenth. Don't forget the units.
Answer:
1.3 mol/kg is the molality of a solution.
Explanation:
[tex]Molality=\frac{\text{moles of solute}}{\text{Mass of the solvent (kg)}}[/tex]
Moles of solute = 4.0 moles
Mass of the solvent = 3.2 kg
[tex]Molality=\frac{4.0 mol}{3.2 kg}=1.25 mol/kg\approx 1.3 mol/kg[/tex]
1.3 mol/kg is the molality of a solution containing 4.0 moles of solute in 3.2 kg of solvent.
The intrinsic solubility of sulfathiazole, an old antimicrobial, is 0.002 mol/l. it is a weak acid and its pka is 7.12. what is the ph of the saturated solution of sulfathiazole in pure water?
The formula we will use is:
pH = 0.5 (pKa – log C)
where C is the concentration of sulfathiazole in molarity or mol / L
Since all values are given, we can compute directly for pH:
pH = 0.5 (7.12 – log 0.002)
pH = 4.91
What is the entropy change of the system when 17.5 g of liquid benzene (c6h6) evaporates at the normal boiling point? the normal boiling point of benzene is 80.1°c and δhvap is 30.7 kj/mol?
Answer : The entropy change of the system is, 19.5 J/K
Solution :
Formula used :
[tex]\Delta S=\frac{n\times \Delta H_{vap}}{T_b}[/tex]
or,
[tex]\Delta S=\frac{\frac{w}{M}\times \Delta H_{vap}}{T_b}[/tex]
where,
[tex]\Delta S[/tex] = entropy change of the system = ?
[tex]\Delta H[/tex] = enthalpy of vaporization = 30.7 kJ/mole
n = number of moles of benzene
w = mass of benzene = 17.5 g
M = molar mass of benzene = 78 g/mole
[tex]T_b[/tex] = normal boiling point of benzene = [tex]80.1^oC=273+80.1=353.1K[/tex]
Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get the entropy change of the system.
[tex]\Delta S=\frac{\frac{17.5g}{78g/mole}\times (30.7KJ/mole)}{353.1K}=0.0195kJ/K=0.0195\times 1000=19.5J/K[/tex]
Therefore, the entropy change of the system is, 19.5 J/K
Compounds that have the same chemical formula but a different arrangement of atoms are called
help please:)
One of the ways that acid rain is harmful is _____.
it causes chemical burns on the skin of animals.
it increases the temperature of small bodies of water.
it leaches nutrients out of plants.
it creates holes in the leaves of plants.
200 ml of a 0.500 m ca(no3)2 solution was made, but only 150 ml of solution are needed. if you pour out 50 ml of the soultion, what is the concentration, in m, of the 150 ml of solution you have left.
List three of Rutherford’s major achievements that helped earn him the title “Father of Nuclear Physics.”
Which one of the following is the net ionic equation for the reaction of nitric acid with aluminum hydroxide
Option (a) 3H⁺(aq) + Al(OH)₃(s) → Al³⁺(aq) + 3H₂O(l) is the net ionic equation for the reaction between nitric acid and aluminum hydroxide. This equation represents the primary species undergoing chemical change. It excludes spectator ions to show only the substances involved in the actual chemical reaction.
Among the given options, the correct net ionic equation is:
(a) 3H⁺(aq) + Al(OH)₃ (s) → Al³⁺(aq) + 3H₂O(l)
Here is the explanation:
The complete molecular equation is:3HNO₃(aq) + Al(OH)₃(s) → Al(NO₃)₃(aq) + 3H₂O(l)This equation shows that nitric acid (HNO₃) reacts with aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)₃) to form aluminum nitrate (Al(NO₃)₃) and water (H₂O).To find the net ionic equation, we focus on the species that actually participate in the reaction, excluding spectator ions:H⁺(aq) and OH⁻(aq) ions form water:3H⁺(aq) + Al(OH)₃ (s) → Al³⁺(aq) + 3H₂O(l)Thus, option (a) is the net ionic equation for this reaction.
Complete Question:
Which one of the following is the net ionic equation for the reaction of nitric acid with aluminum hydroxide?
(a) 3H⁺(aq) + Al(OH)₃ (s) → Al³⁺(aq) + 3H₂O(l)
(b) 3HNO₃ (aq) + Al(OH)₃ (s) → 3Al(NO₃)₃ (aq) + 3H₂O(C)
(c) 2H⁺(aq) + Al(OH)₂ (s) → Al²⁺ (aq) + 2H₂O(l)
(d) H⁺(aq) + OH⁻(aq) → H₂O(l)
(e) 3NO₃⁻(aq) + Al³⁺(aq) → Al(NO₃)₃ (aq)
How many kilocalories are released by the combustion of 18.5 g of c8h18 ?
Without the exact heat of combustion per gram of octane (C8H18), it is impossible to calculate the specific number of kilocalories released by the combustion of 18.5 g of octane. The process would involve multiplying the heat of combustion per gram by the amount of substance burned and converting the energy from kilojoules to kilocalories if necessary.
Explanation:The student is asking about the enthalpy change associated with the combustion of octane (C8H18). To answer this, we first need the heat of combustion per gram or per mole of octane, which can be found in a given table or chemistry reference. However, since this value is not provided in the information given, we can't calculate the specific number of kilocalories released without it.
To find the heat released by combustion, once the heat of combustion per gram is known, you would multiply this value by the mass of the substance burned (in this case, 18.5 g of octane). Remember to convert kilojoules to kilocalories if necessary, as there are 0.239006 kilocalories in one kilojoule.
For example, if we knew that the combustion of 1 gram of octane released X kJ, then the heat released by burning 18.5 grams would be 18.5 * X kJ, which could then be converted to kilocalories.
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The basic principle in balancing a chemical equation is to ______. hints
Answer is: obey the Law of conservation of mass.
For example, balanced chemical reaction:
Pb(NO₃)₂(aq) + Li₂SO₄(aq) → PbSO₄(s) + 2LiNO₃(aq).
According to principle of mass conservation, number of atoms must be equal on both side of balanced chemical reaction.
There are two lithium atoms, one lead atom, one sulfur atom, ten oxygen atoms and two nitrogen atoms on both side of reaction.
How are deltas and rivers similar?
Both are composed of ice.
Both feed into other bodies of water.
Both have high elevations.
Both travel in a north-south direction.
Answer:
Both feed into other bodies of water.
Explanation:
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What is the percent by mass of water in iron (ii) sulfate heptahydrate, feso4•7h2o (or what percent of the molar mass of feso4•7h2o is due to the waters of crystallization)?
The percent by mass of water in iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate, FeSO4·7H2O, is 51.00%.
Explanation:To calculate the percent by mass of water in iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate, FeSO4·7H2O, we need to determine the molar mass of the compound and the molar mass of water. The molar mass of iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate is calculated as follows:
The molar mass of Fe is 55.85 g/mol.The molar mass of S is 32.07 g/mol.The molar mass of O is 16.00 g/mol.The molar mass of H is 1.01 g/mol.The molar mass of FeSO4 is equal to (55.85 g/mol + 32.07 g/mol + (4 * 16.00 g/mol)) = 151.91 g/mol.The molar mass of FeSO4·7H2O, including the waters of crystallization, is equal to (151.91 g/mol + (7 * 18.02 g/mol)) = 247.14 g/mol.Next, we determine the molar mass of the waters of crystallization:
The molar mass of water (H2O) is 18.02 g/mol.The molar mass of the waters of crystallization (7H2O) is equal to (7 * 18.02 g/mol) = 126.14 g/mol.Finally, we calculate the percent by mass of water in iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate:
(126.14 g/mol / 247.14 g/mol) x 100% = 51.00%
True Or FALSE EASY 15 POINTS Pure substances are made up of single elements or compounds.
True
False
Answer: The given statement is true.
Explanation:
A pure substance is defined as the substance which is formed by same or different type of atoms which are chemically combined in a fixed ratio by mass.
Compounds and elements are considered as pure substances.
For Example: Sodium and sodium chloride are both considered as pure substances because sodium is entirely made up of sodium atoms and sodium chloride is entirely made up of sodium chloride molecules.
Hence, the given statement is true.