A sound wave traveling through a certain freshwater lake has a frequency of 349.2 Hz and a wavelength of 4.25 m. What is the speed of a sound wave in this water?

(a) True - Dispersion forces strengthen with increased molecular polarizability.

(b) False - Dispersion forces in noble gases increase down the periodic table.

(c) False - Dispersion forces can be significant compared to dipole–dipole interactions.

(d) False - Dispersion forces depend on molecular size and electron cloud, not just molecular shape.

**(a) True:**

For molecules with similar molecular weights, dispersion forces (Van der Waals forces) become stronger as the molecules become more polarizable. Polarizability is a measure of how easily the electron cloud in a molecule can be distorted, and larger, more complex molecules exhibit greater polarizability, leading to stronger dispersion forces.

**(b) False:**

For noble gases, dispersion forces increase as you go down the column in the periodic table, not decrease. This is because larger atoms have more electrons and a greater electron cloud, resulting in stronger dispersion forces. As a consequence, boiling points generally increase down the noble gas column.

**(c) False:**

In terms of total attractive forces, dipole–dipole interactions are not always greater than dispersion forces. Dispersion forces can be significant, especially in large, nonpolar molecules where temporary dipoles can induce other molecules to develop temporary dipoles.

**(d) False:**

Dispersion forces between linear molecules are not always greater than those between nearly spherical molecules. The shape of the molecule influences the surface area of contact, affecting dispersion forces. Spherical molecules can have significant dispersion forces, especially if they are large and have a high number of electrons.

Answer:

160 g

Explanation:

The formula for the calculation of moles is shown below:

[tex]moles = \frac{Mass\ taken}{Molar\ mass}[/tex]

For [tex]H_2SO_4[/tex]:-  

Mass of [tex]H_2SO_4[/tex] = 196 g

Molar mass of [tex]H_2SO_4[/tex] = 98 g/mol

The formula for the calculation of moles is shown below:

[tex]moles = \frac{Mass\ taken}{Molar\ mass}[/tex]

Thus,

[tex]Moles= \frac{196\ g}{98\ g/mol}[/tex]

[tex]Moles\ of\ Sulfuric\ acid= 2\ mol[/tex]

According to the given reaction:

[tex]2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O[/tex]

1 mole of sulfuric acid reacts with 2 moles of NaOH

So,  

2 moles of sulfuric acid reacts with 2*2 moles of NaOH

Moles of NaOH must react = 4 moles

Molar mass of NaOH = 40 g/mol

Mass = Moles*molar mass = [tex]4\times 40\ g[/tex] = 160 g

Final answer:

To react completely with 196 grams of H₂SO₄, you would need 80 grams of NaOH. This calculation involves balancing the chemical equation and using stoichiometry.

Explanation:

Step 1: Write and balance the chemical equation:
H₂SO₄ + 2NaOH → Na₂SO₄ + 2H₂O

Step 2: Calculate the molar mass of NaOH (40 g/mol) and H₂SO₄ (98 g/mol).

Step 3: Use stoichiometry to find the moles of NaOH needed to react completely with 196 grams of H₂SO₄. From the balanced equation, 1 mole of H₂SO₄ reacts with 2 moles of NaOH.

Step 4: Calculate the total number of grams of NaOH needed:

(196 g H₂SO₄) x (1 mol NaOH / 98 g H₂SO₄) x (40 g NaOH / 1 mol NaOH) = 80 grams of NaOH

Answer:

B) conducts electricity

Explanation:

This answer can be answered by the process of elimination.  Metals are excellent conductors of electricity, which means A is out, and metals are also known to have medium reactivity and have high melting points, meaning C and D are also out.

According to the concept of conduction, the common property of metals is that they conduct electricity .

Conduction is defined as a process as a means of which heat is transferred from the hotter end of the body to it's cooler end.Heat flows spontaneously from a body which is hot to a body which is cold.

In the process of conduction,heat flow is within the body and through itself.In solids the conduction of heat is due to the vibrations and collisions of molecules while in liquids and gases it is due to the random motion of the molecules .

When conduction takes place, heat is usually transferred from one molecule to another as they are in direct contact with each other.There are 2 types of conduction:1) steady state conduction 2) transient conduction.According to the type of energy conduction is of three types:

1) heat conduction

2) electrical conduction

3)sound conduction

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Answer:

The molecular formula of this compound is C4H4N2O2

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Mass of the compound = 84 mg

The compound contains:

36 mg of Carbon

3 mg of hydrogen

21 mg of nitrogen

24 mg of oxygen

Molar mass of carbon = 12.01 g/mol

Molar mass of hydrogen = 1.01 g/mol

Molar mass of nitrogen = 14 g/mol

Molar mass of oxygen = 16 g/mol

Step 2: Calculate number of moles

Moles = mass / molar mass

Moles of carbon = 0.036 g/ 12.01 g/mol = 0.003 moles

Moles of hydrogen = 0.003 g/ 1.01 g/mol = 0.003 moles

Moles of nitrogen = 0.021 g/ 14 g/mol = 0.0015 moles

Moles of oxygen = 0.024 g/ 16 g/mol = 0.0015 moles

Step 3: Calculate mol ratio

We divide by the smallest amount of moles

C: 0.003 / 0.0015 = 2

H: 0.003 / 0.0015 = 2

N = 0.0015/0.0015 = 1

O = 0.0015/0.0015 = 1

The empirical formula is C2H2NO

The molecular mass of this empirical formula is 56 g/mol

Step 4: Calculate the molecular formula

We have to multiply the empirical formula by n

n = 112 g/mol / 56g/mol = 2

We have to multiply the empirical formula by 2

Molecular formula = 2*(C2H2NO) = C4H4N2O2

The molecular formula of this compound is C4H4N2O2

Answer:

[tex]Ag_2SO_4[/tex]

Explanation:

Formula for the calculation of no. of Mol is as follows:

[tex]mol=\frac{mass\ (g)}{molecular\ mass}[/tex]

Molecular mass of Ag = 107.87 g/mol

Amount of Ag = 5.723 g

[tex]mol\ of\ Ag=\frac{5.723\ g}{107.87\ g/mol} =0.05305\ mol[/tex]

Molecular mass of S = 32 g/mol

Amount of S = 0.852 g

[tex]mol\ of\ S=\frac{0.852\ g}{32\ g/mol} =0.02657\ mol[/tex]

Molecular mass of O = 16 g/mol

Amount of O = 1.695 g

[tex]mol\ of\ O=\frac{1.695\ g}{16\ g/mol} =0.10594\ mol[/tex]

In order to get integer value, divide mol by smallest no.

Therefore, divide by 0.02657

[tex]Ag, \frac{0.05305}{0.02657} \approx 2[/tex]

[tex]S, \frac{0.02657}{0.02657} \approx 1[/tex]

[tex]O, \frac{0.10594}{0.02657} \approx 4[/tex]

Therefore, empirical formula of the compound = [tex]Ag_2SO_4[/tex]

Answer:

The empirical formula is Ag2SO4

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

A compound contains Ag, S and O

Mass of Ag = 5.723 grams

Mass of S = 0.852 grams

Mass of O = 1.695 grams

Molar mass of Ag = 107.87 g/mol

Molar mass of S = 32.065 g/mol

Molar mass of O = 16 g/mol

Total mass = Mass of Ag + mass of S + mass of O = 5.723g + 0.852g + 1.695g = 8.27 grams

Step 2: Calculate moles

Moles = mass / molar mass

Moles of Ag = 5.723 grams / 107.87 g/mol = 0.05305 moles

Moles S = 0.852 grams / 32.065 g/mol = 0.0266 moles

Moles O = 1.695 grams / 16.00 g/mol = 0.1059 moles

Step 3: Calculate mole ratio

We divide by the smallest amount of moles

Ag: 0.05305/0.0266 = 2

S: 0.0266/0.0266 = 1

O: 0.1059 / 0.0266 = 4

The empirical formula is Ag2SO4

Answer:

Covalent solids: Se8, Si, C

Molecular solids: HBr, CO2, P4O6, SiH4

Explanation:

A covalent solid consists only of one type of atom infinitely linked by covalent bonds to form a three dimensional rigid solid while a molecular solid consists of discreet molecules held together by intermolecular forces.

Molecular Solid are Se8 and So.

Covalent Solid are Hbr ,Sih4, Co2, P4O6 and C.

molecular solid refer to solid that consist of discrete molecules. The corces that bind the molecules together are van der Waals forces, dipole-dipole interactions, quadrupole and so on.

Covalent Solid refer to solid that the atoms are bonded together by Covalent bonds.

Therefore,

Molecular Solid are Se8 and So.

Covalent Solid are Hbr ,Sih4, Co2, P4O6 and C.

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Answer:

The spatial separation between the two isotopes after they have traveled through a half cycle is [tex]1.65\times 10^{2}m[/tex]

Explanation:

The moving of the isotopes must excert centripetal force which is equals to the magnetic force on the ions due to the magnetic.

The centripetal force of the ions can be calculated by the following formula.

[tex]F_{c}=\frac{mv^{2}}{r}.............(1)[/tex]

Magnetic force on this ions calculated by the following formula.

[tex]F_{m}=qvB.............(2)[/tex]

Equate the equations (1) and (2)

[tex]F_{c}=F_{m}[/tex]

[tex]\frac{mv^{2}}{r}=qvB[/tex]

[tex]v=\frac{mv}{qB}[/tex]

Substitute the values of the both isotopes.

[tex]r_{12}=\frac{1.993\times 10^{-26}\times 6.13105}{1.6\times 10^{-19}\times 0.7700}=9.9041\times 10^{-2}m[/tex]

[tex]r_{13}=\frac{2.159\times 10^{-26}\times 6.13105}{1.6\times 10^{-19}\times 0.7700}=1.0729\times 10^{-1}m[/tex]

Now the distance traveled by both isotopes by half circle.

Therefore, the distance between the two isotopes is the diameter of the circle which is equal to the twice the radius.

[tex]Seperation=2\times(r_{13}-r_{12})[/tex]

[tex]Seperation=2\times(1.0729\times 10^{-1}-9.9401\times 10^{-2})=1.650\times 10^{-2}m[/tex]

Therefore, The spatial separation between the two isotopes after they have traveled through a half cycle is [tex]1.65\times 10^{2}m[/tex]

Answer:

Rubber is made from long-chain molecules, called polymers, which are normally all scrunched up. When you stretch a rubber band, you  straighten the molecules and pull them apart, so the rubber gets longer. When you let go, cross-link bonds between the polymers help to snap them back into place. This is what makes an elastic material such as rubber (one that returns to its original shape and size) different from a plastic material (one that changes shape but doesn't go back exactly to how it was), which includes most metals as well as most plastics.

Explanation:

Rubber is made of polymers. When the elastic band is at rest, the molecules are entangled with each other and do not have a particular direction, but when the elastic is stretched, they all align. The molecules of the polymer are not stretched, they are aligned in a different way. Therefore, there is no difference in energy, but there is a difference in entropy. When the elastic band is released, all the polymers are randomly agitated by thermal movement, and lose their alignment, so they return to the tangled state, causing the elastic to contract. This is known as entropic force.

Final answer:

When you stretch a rubber band, you straighten the molecules and pull them apart, so the rubber gets longer. When you let go, cross-link bonds between the polymers help to snap them back into place.

Explanation:

Rubber bands stretch by straightening molecules and snapping back due to cross-link bonds, characteristics unique to polymers. Polymer chains' conformational changes give flexibility and the ability to return to the original shape, influenced by factors like chain length and side groups.

The long-chain structure of polymers makes them behave differently from other materials. These chains can undergo conformational change, providing flexibility and the ability to return to their original shape. The physical properties of a polymer depend on factors like chain length, side groups, branching, and cross-linking, impacting its strength and flexibility.

Answer: the answer should and most definitely be D.

Explanation: I mean think about it after a while only a few radioactive nuclei are left which means it will dye down after a while which also makes it very boring hope this helps :)

Answer:

a,b,c,d,e

Explanation:

just did it on ed 2020

Answer:

B

Explanation:

All the properties listed above is for carbon ii oxide.

It is odorless, colorless and poisonous

It is formed from the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels

And it can actually interfere with the blood’s ability to carry oxygen

Yes bottom line it is Carbon Monoxide!!! mine was D though (different verion)

Answer:

A) False

B) True

Explanation:

The question is incomplete. The complete question is as follows.

There are two statements. Identify which statement is true or false.

A) For any substance, solid, liquid or gas, mass increases as volume increases.  

B) Density represents mass per volume.

Statement A

Since the amount of matter is fixed, an increase in volume doesn't cause an increase in mass. For example, a test tube, with a volume of 10ml, contains liquid fragrance. When heated, the fragrance vaporizes and fill the entire room, until you can smell it in every corner. Note that previously the fragrance of same mass was occupying a 10ml space in the test-tube. After heating, the same mass of fragrance occupied the entire room (volume increased but mass remained constant).

It happened because as the fragrance is heated, the space between molecules increases causing them to occupy more space BUT in the whole scenarios, the number of molecules stayed unaffected. Hence statement A is false.

Statement B

Density measures the compactness of the substance. It's defined as the amount of mass per unit volume. It increases as the atoms/molecules in a substance comes closer. Density of solids are greatest as the atoms/molecules are tightly packed together. It is least in gases as the molecules are far apart from each other. Hence the statement is true.

The question is incomplete, here is a complete question.

A sled slides along a horizontal surface for which the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.25. Its velocity at point A is 8.0m/s and at point B is 5.0m/s.

Use the impulse-momentum theorem to find how long the sled takes to travel from A to B.

Answer : The sled takes time to travel from A to B is, 1.2 seconds.

Explanation :

Impulse-momentum theorem:

Impulse = Change in momentum

[tex]\Delta P=F\times \Delta t\\\\m\nu_f-m\nu_i=F\times \Delta t\\\\m(\nu_f-\nu_i)=\mu \times m\times g\times \Delta t\\\\(\nu_f-\nu_i)=\mu \times g\times \Delta t[/tex]

where,

m = mass

g = acceleration due to gravity = [tex]9.8m/s^2[/tex]

[tex]\mu[/tex] = coefficient of kinetic friction = 0.25

[tex]\nu_f[/tex] = final velocity = 8.0 m/s

[tex]\nu_i[/tex] = initial velocity = 5.0 m/s

t = time

Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get:

[tex](\nu_f-\nu_i)=\mu \times g\times \Delta t[/tex]

[tex](8.0-5.0)=0.25\times 9.8\times \Delta t[/tex]

[tex]\Delta t=1.2s[/tex]

Therefore, the sled takes time to travel from A to B is, 1.2 seconds.

The sled is decelerating due to kinetic friction, and we can calculate this deceleration using the equations of motion and the given coefficient of kinetic friction. The normal force on the sled can also be found by dividing the frictional force by the coefficient of kinetic friction.

This problem pertains to the concept of kinetic friction and motion in Physics. We know that the sled's velocity decreases from 8.0m/s to 5.0m/s over some distance, which implies that it's decelerating due to kinetic friction. We can make use of the equation of motion v^2 = u^2 - 2*a*d where v is final velocity, u is initial velocity, a is deceleration (friction) and d is distance.

First, let's find the deceleration caused by the friction force using this equation. As we know that the frictional force can be expressed as F_kinetic = μk*m*g, where m is the mass of the sled (not given) and g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s^2). From here, we can also find the normal force on the sled by knowing that the normal force is equal to kinetic friction divided by the coefficient of kinetic friction.

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Answer: option A) True

Explanation:

Joseph Proust is the founder of the Law of Definite proportion. This law states that two elements will always combine together to form a chemical compound and this will be in the same proportion by mass.

For Example: 2 moles of Hydrogen (H2) ALWAYS combine with 1 atom of Oxygen (O) to yield water (H2O)

So, the answer is True

Answer:B. Fatty tissue layer encasing the axon of a nerve cell

Explanation: Myelin is an insulating layer that forms around a nerves including those of brain and spinal cord,its is made up if protein and fatty substances.The myelin sheath aids in the quick and efficient transfer of electrical impulses along a nerve cells. Damage to it can slow down the impulse,for example multiple sclerosis diseases.

Answer:

4. More energy and a different charge.

Electrons in the second shell of a beryllium atom possess more energy due to being further from the nucleus but have the same negative charge as those in the first shell.

When comparing the energy and charge of electrons in different shells of a beryllium (Be) atom, we find that electrons in the first shell (1s) are closer to the nucleus and thus have lower energy than electrons in the second shell (2s and 2p). The second shell is at a higher energy level due to being further away from the nucleus and its electrons experiencing less attractive force because of the shielding effect of the inner-shell electrons. Electron-electron repulsion also impacts the energies of electrons in the atom. Despite the differences in energy levels, the charge on electrons in any shell of an atom remains the same, negative in nature.

Therefore, compared to the electrons in the first shell of a Be atom, the electrons in the second shell have more energy but the same charge. This leads us to the correct answer to the student's question: (3) more energy and the same charge.

Answer: True the bicarbonate mixture can help save time and few routine.

Explanation:

For the purpose of making dialysate for hemodialysis patient therapies a bicarbonate mixing and delivering systems designed to prepare a liquid sodium bicarbonate formulation comes in handy.

Certain systems like the SDS unit also allow for the transfer and distribution of acid concentrate solutions. We also provide stand-alone acid concentrate delivery systems using a variety of holding tanks and delivery methods. 

A challenge for hemodialysis providers is to properly provide bicarbonate solution in a cost effective manner. Preparation and disinfection can be time-consuming and labor intensive.

Bicarbonate however can corrode certain metals and painted surfaces leaving your preparation area encrusted and grimy.

Furthermore, if not mixed properly, bicarbonate can negatively affect the dialysate solution.

The answer to the above is true the bicarbonate mixture can help save time and few routine.

Answer:

- Net Input: NAD⁺, coenzyme A, pyruvate

- Net Output: NADH, acetyl CoA, CO₂

- Not input or output: O₂, ADP, glucose and ATP

Explanation:

Hello,

In this case, it is important to recall that acetyl-CoA is produced either by oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate derived from glycolysis, which is carried out into the mitochondrial matrix, by cause of the oxidation of high-order fatty acids, or by oxidative degradation of very specific amino acids. Acetyl-CoA then enters in the citric acid cycle where it is oxidized in the light of energy production.

In this manner, during such processes, there are some net inputs and outputs, therefore, they are sorted as show below, considering there some of them not classified neither as input nor output:

- Net Input: NAD⁺, coenzyme A, pyruvate

- Net Output: NADH, acetyl CoA, CO₂

- Not input or output: O₂, ADP, glucose and ATP

Best regards.

Answer: Step 1, Isomerase.

Explanation:

Form the version of palmitic acid in the step one by changing the double bond within alpha and beta carbon by Isomerase.

B and C are Isomers, the molecule only differ in configuration.

Answer:

See explanation and picture

Explanation:

Question is incomplete, however, I found this question on several sites and most of them, have the same substances, so I'm gonna do it with that example to give you a hint of how to do it with yours, in case, it's a different substance.

First, we have a ketone and another substance, with MgCl. This is tipically the Grignard reagent, and this is often used to produce a tertiary alcohol.

The mechanism and final product is the following (See attached picture).

When a reaction product is treated with water, different outcomes can occur such as acid-base reactions, hydrolysis reactions, or precipitation reactions. The specific product depends on the reactants and reaction conditions.

Without knowing the specific reactants, it is difficult to provide a detailed answer. In general, when a reaction product is treated with H2O (water), it can lead to various outcomes such as hydrolysis, formation of an acid or base, or precipitation of a solid. Some reactions that occur with water are:

The exact product will depend on the specific reactants and reaction conditions.

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Answer:

The answer to your question is 0.33 liters

Explanation:

Data

Volume = ?

Molarity = 1.5 M

number of moles = 0.5

Formula

[tex]Molarity = \frac{number of moles }{volume}[/tex]

Solve for V

[tex]Volume = \frac{number of moles}{molarity}[/tex]

Substitution

[tex]Volume = \frac{0.5}{1.5}[/tex]

Simplification and result

       Volume = 0.33 l

The question is incomplete, here is the complete question:

Phosgene, [tex]COCl_2[/tex], gained notoriety as a chemical weapon in World War I. Phosgene is produced by the reaction of carbon monoxide with chlorine:  

[tex]CO(g)+Cl_2(g)\rightleftharpoons COCl_2(g)[/tex]

The value of [tex]K_c[/tex] for this reaction is 5.79 at 570 K. What are the equilibrium partial pressures of the three gases if a reaction vessel initially contains a mixture of the reactants in which [tex]p_{CO}=p_{Cl_2}=0.265atm[/tex] and [tex]p_{COCl_2}=0.000atm[/tex] ?

Answer: The equilibrium partial pressure of CO, [tex]Cl_2\text{ and }COCl_2[/tex] is 0.257 atm, 0.257 atm and 0.008 atm respectively.

Explanation:

The relation of [tex]K_c\text{ and }K_p[/tex] is given by:

[tex]K_p=K_c(RT)^{\Delta n_g}[/tex]

[tex]K_p[/tex] = Equilibrium constant in terms of partial pressure

[tex]K_c[/tex] = Equilibrium constant in terms of concentration = 5.79

[tex]\Delta n_g[/tex] = Difference between gaseous moles on product side and reactant side = [tex]n_{g,p}-n_{g,r}=1-2=-1[/tex]

R = Gas constant = [tex]0.0821\text{ L. atm }mol^{-1}K^{-1}[/tex]

T = Temperature = 570 K

Putting values in above equation, we get:

[tex]K_p=5.79\times (0.0821\times 570)^{-1}\\\\K_p=0.124[/tex]

We are given:

Initial partial pressure of CO = 0.265 atm

Initial partial pressure of chlorine gas = 0.265 atm

Initial partial pressure of phosgene = 0.00 atm

The given chemical equation follows:

                      [tex]CO(g)+Cl_2(g)\rightleftharpoons COCl_2(g)[/tex]

Initial:            0.265      0.265

At eqllm:        0.265-x    0.265-x        x

The expression of [tex]K_p[/tex] for above equation follows:

[tex]K_p=\frac{p_{COCl_2}}{p_{CO}\times p_{Cl_2}}[/tex]

Putting values in above equation, we get:

[tex]0.124=\frac{x}{(0.265-x)\times (0.265-x)}\\\\x=0.0082,8.59[/tex]

Neglecting the value of x = 8.59 because equilibrium partial pressure cannot be greater than initial pressure

So, the equilibrium partial pressure of CO = [tex](0.265-x)=(0.265-0.008)=0.257atm[/tex]

The equilibrium partial pressure of [tex]Cl_2=(0.265-x)=(0.265-0.008)=0.257atm[/tex]

The equilibrium partial pressure of [tex]COCl_2=x=0.008atm[/tex]

Hence, the equilibrium partial pressure of CO, [tex]Cl_2\text{ and }COCl_2[/tex] is 0.257 atm, 0.257 atm and 0.008 atm respectively.

The equilibrium partial pressures of CO, Cl2, and COCl2 are 5.79 atm, 5.79 atm, and 0.10 atm, respectively.

The equilibrium partial pressures of the three gases can be determined using the equilibrium expression and the given information. The equilibrium expression for the phosgene-forming reaction is:

PCOCl2 = (PCO * PCl2) / PCOCl2,eq

Given that the equilibrium constant (Kc) is 5.79, the equilibrium partial pressures can be calculated as follows:

PCO = (PCOCl2,eq / PCl2) * Kc

PCl2 = (PCOCl2,eq / PCO) * Kc

Substituting the given information:

PCO = (0.10 atm / 0.10 atm) * 5.79 = 5.79 atm

PCl2 = (0.10 atm / 0.10 atm) * 5.79 = 5.79 atm

PCOCl2,eq = 0.10 atm

The equilibrium partial pressures of CO, Cl2, and COCl2 are 5.79 atm, 5.79 atm, and 0.10 atm, respectively.

Answer: carbonic acid

Explanation:

approximately 132.03 grams of carbon dioxide is produced.

To solve this problem, we first need to write the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of ethanol [tex](\(C_2H_5OH\))[/tex]:

[tex]\[ C_2H_5OH + O_2 \rightarrow H_2O + CO_2 \][/tex]

Now, we can balance the equation:

[tex]\[ C_2H_5OH + 3O_2 \rightarrow 2H_2O + 2CO_2 \][/tex]

From the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of ethanol [tex](C_2H_5OH\))[/tex] reacts with 3 moles of oxygen [tex](\(O_2\))[/tex] to produce 2 moles of water [tex](\(H_2O\))[/tex] and 2 moles of carbon dioxide [tex](\(CO_2\))[/tex].

Given:

- Mass of ethanol [tex](\(C_2H_5OH\)):[/tex] 46.0 g

- Mass of water [tex](\(H_2O\))[/tex] produced: 54.0 g

First, we need to calculate the moles of water produced:

[tex]\[ \text{Moles of water} = \frac{\text{Mass of water}}{\text{Molar mass of water}} \][/tex]

[tex]\[ \text{Moles of water} = \frac{54.0 \, \text{g}}{18.015 \, \text{g/mol}} \][/tex]

[tex]\[ \text{Moles of water} \approx 3.0 \, \text{mol} \][/tex]

According to the balanced equation, the ratio of moles of water to moles of carbon dioxide is 2:2. Therefore, the moles of carbon dioxide produced is also approximately 3.0 mol.

Now, to find the mass of carbon dioxide produced:

[tex]\[ \text{Mass of } CO_2 = \text{Moles of } CO_2 \times \text{Molar mass of } CO_2 \][/tex]

[tex]\[ \text{Mass of } CO_2 = 3.0 \, \text{mol} \times 44.01 \, \text{g/mol} \][/tex]

[tex]\[ \text{Mass of } CO_2 = 132.03 \, \text{g} \][/tex]

Therefore, approximately 132.03 grams of carbon dioxide is produced.

Answer:

The answer to your question is below

Explanation:

There are 4 types of chemical reactions:

- Synthesis is when two elements or compounds form only one compound.

- Decomposition is when 1 compound is broken into 2 or more products.

- Single replacement is when one element is replaced by another element.

- Double replacement is when the cations of two compounds are interchanged.

6.- Synthesis                            Al   +   3Cl   ⇒    AlCl₃

7.- Double replacement       2NaOH  +   H₂SO₄   ⇒   Na₂SO₄  +   2H₂O

8.- Decomposition                   Ni(ClO₃)₂   ⇒   NiCl₂   +   3O₂

9.- Combustion                      2C₄H₁₀  + 13O₂   ⇒   8CO₂   +   10H₂O

10.- Single replacement         Zn  +  2HCl  ⇒   ZnCl₂   +  H₂

Ionization energy, also called ionization potential, in chemistry, the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an isolated atom or molecule.

The statement is false because the energy required to remove each subsequent electron from an atom increases due to the increasing electrostatic attraction between the positively charged nucleus and the remaining electrons, making successive ionization energies higher.

The statement that "the same amount of energy is required to remove each electron sequentially from an atom" is false. The process of removing electrons from an atom is called ionization, and the energy required to do so is termed ionization energy. Initially, removing an electron from a neutral atom requires a certain amount of energy.

However, as electrons are removed, the atom becomes more positively charged, increasing the electrostatic attraction between the remaining electrons and the nucleus. This makes each successive electron harder to remove, and hence, requires more energy. Such an increase in ionization energy is evident when comparing the first, second, and subsequent ionization energies of an atom.

Newly formed cations (positively charged ions) hold onto their remaining electrons more tightly than the neutral atom did, which clearly illustrates why successive ionization energies increase. This is further emphasized when attempting to remove core electrons after the valence electrons have been removed, which requires significantly more energy due to the stronger electrostatic attraction to the nucleus.

Answer:

The empirical formula is Li2CO3

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Suppose the mass of the compound = 100 grams

The compound contains :

18.7% Li = 18.7 grams of Li

16.3 % C = 16.3 grams of C

65.0% O = 65.0 grams of O

Total = 100%

Molar mass of Li = 6.94 g/mol

Molar mass of C = 12.01 g/mol

Molar mass of O = 16 g/mol

Step 2: Calculate moles

Moles = Mass / molar mass

Moles Li = 18.7 grams / 6.94 g/mol = 2.65 moles

Moles C = 16.3 grams / 12.01 = 1.36 moles

Moles O = 65.0 grams / 16.0 g/mol = 4.06 moles

Step 3: Calculate the mol ratio

We divide by the smallest number of moles

Li: 2.65/1.36 ≈ 2

C: 1.36/1.36 = 1

O: 4.06/1.36 ≈ 3

The empirical formula is Li2CO3

Answer:

117.3 W is being removed.

Explanation:

The heat removed can be calculated as:

Q = m*c*ΔT

Where m is the mass, c is the specific heat and ΔT is the temperature variation. Because there're two components:

Q = mwater*cwater*ΔT + maluminum*caluminum*ΔT

Q = (mwater*cwater + maluminum*caluminum)*ΔT

Searching in a thermodynamic table:

cwater = 4.184 J/g°C

caluminium = 0.9 J/g°C

In 1 minute, the temperature decreases 2.2°C, so ΔT =  -2.2°C

Q = (700*4.184 + 300*0.9) * (-2.2)

Q = -7037.36 J

The rate of energy is the potency (P), which is the heat divided by the time. So, for 1 minute (60 s):

P = -7037.36/60

P = -117.3 J/s

P = -117.3 W

The minus signal indicates that the energy is being removed.

Answer:

1. The α particles were repelled by electrons.

Explanation:

The gold foil experiment was performed by Rutherford and his research group in 1911 (at the beginning of the 20th century). In this experiment, α particles were bombed to gold foils, and films were placed surround it to collect the particles.

It was observed that most of the particles passed through of the foil undeflected, and for that, Rutherford stated that the atom was a "huge empty". Some particles were deflected, because they're attracted to the electrons at the electrosphere, and a small number of particles were complete deflected to the origin because they chocked with the small positive nuclei.

Thus, the experiment suggested the nuclear model of the atom, called the planetary model, that was improved after by Bohr and other scientists in the quantum model.

The false statement about the gold foil experiment is that α particles were repelled by electrons. In reality, their deflection was due to the encounter with a small, dense, positively charged nucleus, leading to the nuclear model of the atom. Therefore, the correct option is 1.

The α particles were repelled by electrons.

It suggested that atoms are mostly empty space.

It suggested the nuclear model of the atom.

Most of the α particles passed through the foil undeflected.

It was performed by Rutherford and his research group early in the 20th century.

The false statement here is statement 1: The α particles were repelled by electrons. This is inaccurate because α particles are positively charged and were repelled when they encountered the dense, positively charged nucleus, not electrons. The gold foil experiment led to the discovery of the atomic nucleus and overturned the plum pudding model of the atom, which assumed a uniform distribution of mass and charge. The experiment showed that atoms are mostly empty space, with most α particles passing through the foil undeflected, a small number deflected at large angles, and a very few reversing direction, indicating the presence of a small, dense, positively charged nucleus.

1. nitrate [tex]NO_{3} ^{-1}[/tex] : The valency of nitrogen is 5 and oxygen is 2. Therefore, the formula for nitrate is [tex]NO_{3} ^{-1}[/tex]
2. sulfate [tex]SO_{4}^{ -2}[/tex] : The valency of sulfur is 6 and oxygen is 2. Therefore, the formula for sulfate is [tex]SO_{4}^{ -2}[/tex].
3. ammonium [tex]NH_{4} ^+[/tex] : The valency of nitrogen is 5 and hydrogen is 1. Therefore, the formula for ammonium is [tex]NH_{4}^ +.[/tex]
4. carbonate [tex]CO_{3}^{ -2}[/tex] : The valency of carbon is 4 and oxygen is 2. Therefore, the formula for carbonate is [tex]CO_{3}^{ -2}[/tex].
5. permanganate [tex]MnO_{4}^{ -1}[/tex] : The valency of manganese is 7 and oxygen is 2. Therefore, the formula for permanganate is [tex]MnO_{4}^{ -1}.[/tex]
6. sodium carbonate : The formula for sodium carbonate is [tex]Na_{2} CO_{3}[/tex]. Sodium has a valency of 1 and carbonate has a valency of 2.
7. potassium permanganate : The formula for potassium permanganate is [tex]KMnO_{4}[/tex]. Potassium has a valency of 1, manganese has a valency of 7, and oxygen has a valency of 2.

1. For nitrate [tex](NO_{3} ^{-1})[/tex], the charge on the nitrate ion is -1. To determine the formula, we need to balance the charges. Since the nitrate ion has a charge of -1, it will combine with a cation that has a charge of +1. The cation that can balance the charge is sodium [tex](Na^{+1})[/tex]. Therefore, the formula for nitrate is [tex]NaNO_{3}[/tex].

2. For phosphate [tex](PO_{4}^{ -3})[/tex], the charge on the phosphate ion is -3. Again, we need to balance the charges. The cation that can balance the charge is calcium [tex](Ca^{+2})[/tex]. Therefore, the formula for phosphate is [tex]Ca_{3} (PO_{4} )_{2}[/tex].

3. For ammonium [tex]NH_{4} ^+.[/tex], the charge on the ammonium ion is +1. This is a polyatomic ion, meaning it is a group of atoms with an overall charge. The formula for ammonium is [tex]NH_{4} ^+.[/tex]

4. For carbonate [tex](CO_{3} ^{-2})[/tex], the charge on the carbonate ion is -2. The cation that can balance the charge is calcium (Ca+2). Therefore, the formula for carbonate is [tex]CaCO_{3}[/tex].

5. For sulfide [tex](S^{-2})[/tex], the charge on the sulfide ion is -2. The cation that can balance the charge is magnesium [tex](Mg^{+2})[/tex]. Therefore, the formula for sulfide is MgS.

6. Sodium carbonate is a compound formed by the combination of sodium [tex](Na^+)[/tex] and carbonate [tex]((CO_{3}) ^{-2})[/tex] ions. The formula for sodium carbonate is [tex]Na_{2} CO_{3}[/tex].

7. Potassium permanganate is a compound formed by the combination of potassium [tex](K^+)[/tex] and permanganate [tex]MnO_{4} ^{-1}[/tex] ions. The formula for potassium permanganate is [tex]KMnO_{4}[/tex].

Answer:

Ca (s) + 2H₂O (l) →  Ca(OH)₂ (aq)  +  H₂ (g)

Explanation:

When solid calcium reacts with water, it produces the correspondent hydroxid and hydrogen gas.

The hydroxid which is produced, is the calcium hydroxid which is a strong base, that's why you talk about a highly alkaline solution.

Ca (s) + 2H₂O (l) →  Ca(OH)₂ (aq)  +  H₂ (g)

Calcium hydroxide is a strong base, that dissociates in water, as this:

Ca(OH)₂  →  Ca²⁺ (aq)  + 2OH⁻ (aq)

It's a basic solution,  is providing hydroxyl ions to the medium

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between calcium and water is: Ca (s) + 2H2O (l) --> Ca(OH)2 (s) + H2 (g). Calcium metal reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.

The reaction between calcium and water can be represented as Ca (s) + 2H2O (l) --> Ca(OH)2 (s) + H2 (g). This balanced equation represents the reaction of calcium metal with water to form calcium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. It is a single replacement reaction where calcium displaces the hydrogen in water to form the compound calcium hydroxide and release hydrogen gas. It results in an alkaline solution because calcium hydroxide is a strong base.

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