A type of hypothesis used in statistical testing that expresses the absence of a relationship is known as a

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Answer 1
This  is known as NULL HYPOTHESIS.
In a statistical set, a null hypothesis is an hypothesis which states that there is no significant difference between specified data set. Null hypothesis is typically used to propose that no significant difference exist in a given set of observation.

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Economist anthony downs's _____ suggests that voting is not economically logical.

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Economist Anthony downs's paradox of voting theory suggests that voting is not economically logical.
The paradox of voting is also known as Downs paradox, is that for a rational and self-interested voter, the expenses of voting will typically surpass the normal advantages.Anthony Downs in 1957, analyzed this problem.

What is aunt alexandra's major theory concerning human behavior? how does jem point out the irrationality of it?

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The major theory that Aunt Alexandra believes in human behavior is that the behavior of a human was because of heredity in which some person acquires because of the inbred streaks.

Jem point out the irrationality of this theory by stating the ewell clan in which describes their characteristics that causes a stir with Aunt Alexandra’s beliefs.

Final answer:

Aunt Alexandra's theory is that behavior is determined by family heritage. Jem counters this by stating that all men are essentially the same, as they share a common ancestor.

Explanation:

Aunt Alexandra's major theory concerning human behavior, as depicted in 'To Kill a Mockingbird', is essentially about the importance of family heritage and how it influences a person. She believes that fine folks are those born from good, old families, demonstrating a rather biased and aristocratic perspective, thus

Aunt Alexandra's theory

ascribes behavior to genealogy rather than to individual consciousness or societal influence. Jem, on the other hand, points out the irrationality of her theory. He argues that all men are the same because they all have a common ancestor if traced back far enough, thereby undermining

Aunt Alexandra's aristocratic view. While Aunt Alexandra clings to hereditary determinism, Jem believes in equality and the commonality of human experience.

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Why was Thomas Paine's essay Common Sense significant to American independence?

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"Common Sense" was significant to American Independence because it was the first published article that encouraged the colonists to support the colonies breaking away from England. It impacted the American Revolution because the ideas in it could easily be spread around all over because it was in print. It got many colonists on board with severing ties with England.

Answer:

The essay spurred colonists to take a stand, demand independence, and establish their own government.

Explanation:

Which principle best describes madison's argument about the federal government?

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the answer is  Popular Sovereignty
 Popular Sovereignty refers to the situation where all government's regulations and decision is based on fulfilling the interest of the majority of the people.
In democratic country such as united states, this principle is even more important because every government officals that exist in the nation was chose n by the people as representative of their aspiraton

Madison's argument about the federal government is based on popular sovereignty.

What is popular sovereignty?

Popular sovereignty principle explains that the government and authority of a state are created and upheld by the people's consent.

The governing of the state is usually influenced by what the masses want.

Therefore, madison's argument about the federal government is based on popular sovereignty.

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Briefly describe the chicken experiment. Why is it relevant?

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Its relevant because we found out more about chicken

The​ ________ is a​ person's conception of how he or she would like to​ be, whereas the​ ________ refers to our more realistic appraisal of the qualities we do and​ don't have.
a. ideal​ self; actual self
b. looking glass​ self; ideal self
c. fantasy​ self; actual self
d. fantasy​ self; healthy self
e. actual​ self; ideal self

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Correct me if i'm wrong but i think its E. actual self ideal self (I THINK)

The​ "ideal self" is a​ person's conception of how he or she would like to​ be, whereas the "actual self"​ refers to our more realistic appraisal of the qualities we do and​ don't have.

What is the difference between Ideal self and Actual self?

In psychology, the real self and the ideal self are terms used to describe personality of a person is and want to be. The actual self or self image, is who someone actually is and the ideal self is who someone wants to be.

The actual self can be observed by others, but because we have no way of truly knowing how others view us, the real self is our self-image.

Whereas, The ideal self is how we want to be. It is an idealized image that we have developed over time, it is more of how it should be, based on what we have learned and experienced.

Hence, option A is correct.

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Psychology is best described as the study of

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Psychology is best described as the study of human thought and behavior.

A father takes his young daughter to the park. the girl grabs a red flower and is stung by a bee. the next day, the girl's grandmother brings her a bouquet of red flowers. when the girl sees the flowers, she becomes afraid and runs away. in this example, the conditioned stimulus is the

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the father getting stung

The Conditioned Stimulus is bee's sting on touching red flower

Given : Girl getting afraid of red flowers, after being stung by a bee while touching a red flower

Conditioned Stimulus is a substitute similar stimulus, which makes an organism react to something in a certain way, as it is associated with something else.

When the girl grabs red flower, she is stung be a bee. So, she relates red coloured flowers to a bee sting in her mind. The bee sting due to touching red flower is the conditioned stimulus. On seeing red flowers again, she recalls the associated bee sting. Hence, she avoids the red flower, as her conditioned stimulus is the flower's consequent connection to bee sting.

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According to vygotsky, ______________ is a range of tasks that a child cannot yet handle alone but can do with the help of more skilled partners.

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The zone of proximal development is a range of tasks that a child cannot yet handle alone but can do with the help of more skilled partners.

A person from one part of the united states might ask you for a glass of "soda," while a person from a different region might ask for a glass of "pop." still a third person might ask for a "coke," while a fourth would request a glass of "tonic." all of these individuals want the same thing, but the variation in how they request it demonstrates a select one:
a. dialect
b. colloquialism
c. semantic error
d. phonemic shift

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I believe the answer would be B.

Colloquialism is a word or phrase that is not formal or literary and is used in ordinary or familiar conversation.  The different dialect used by different individuals demonstrate colloquialism. Thus, the correct answer is option B.

What is colloquialism?

Colloquialism is a linguistic style used for casual communication. It is also known as colloquial language, everyday language, or general parlance. It is the most commonly used functional style of speech, the idiom used in conversation and other informal settings. Colloquialism is distinguished by the extensive use of interjections and other expressive devices.

Colloquialism or common parlance differs from formal speech or writing. It is the type of language used by speakers when they are relaxed and not overly self-conscious.

Therefore, the variations for the word soda (pop, coke or tonic) is an  example of colloquialism.

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Macmillan and colleagues (1997) surveyed a random sample of almost 10,000 adults and found that approximately ______ of women reported having been victims of sexual abuse during childhood.​

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The answer is 13% of women.
The numbers is significantly lower compard to the actual report that received by the police departement because of a couple of factors such as:
- Some Children tend to not aware when they're being sexually abused
- The abuser could be someone near the children circle, which cause them to be afraid to tell the abuse that they've been receiving.
McMillan et. al. found that females were more likely to admit to sexual abuse, while males were more commonly reporting physical abuse. The overall percentage of people reporting childhood sexual abuse was 8%.

Wetland protection is one of the most controversial provisions of the ___________ because opponents believe that the legislation is _____________.

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i inow the bottom one is unlawful

Susan is a 21-month-old who has just begun to make two-word sentences. her sentences already reveal the grammar of her native language, as she orders her nouns and verbs just as mature speakers of her language do. chomsky would attribute susan's quick acquisition of grammatical rules to her

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Chomsky would attribute Susan's quick acquisition of grammatical rules to her "language acquisition device".

The language acquisition device is a speculative instrument in the mind that helps youngsters rapidly learn and comprehend dialect. Noam Chomsky presented the theory that the LAD represent the quick speed at which kids appear to learn dialect and its rules. Later advanced into Chomsky's more prominent hypothesis of universal grammar.

Research on the "value in diversity" perspective found that

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Controlled (laboratory) studies have shown that diversity in the workplace increases effectiveness. However, real world observation has shown the opposite, as people in homogenous groups are more likely to communicate regularly.

What is a scientifically valid concern regarding adolescents' media use?

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The issue of sleep deprivation is a scientifically valid concern regarding adolescents' media use. There are a number of studies that have found an association between the use of electronic media including television, computers and mobile phone, and shorter sleep duration in adolescents.

which criticism of the constitution do you think is the most accurate?Explain your answer.

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The major criticism any constitution face in today's day and age is the inclusion of equal rights requirements on the basis of sex and also sexual orientation. Constitution definitely comes under the radar of discrimination if there is no mention of equal rights in their text. Because constitution plays a huge part in country's judicial activities necessary amendments should be made with changing times.

A primary concern of social scientists is that recent trends, such as occupational mobility (the movement of individuals for job-related reasons), will

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This could lead to the spreading out of families, whereby some families will have caregivers for their children and some will lack the means. This can lead to children having too few caregivers and lacking structure in the early parts of their development, possibly leading to negative results.

Julia was born in france. for the first 3 years of her life, she spoke both french and english. then she moved to the united states. from age 3 on, she only spoke english. now, as a high school student, julia will study french. it is most likely that she will:

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Final answer:

Julia's early exposure to French should facilitate her relearning the language in high school, as early bilingual education creates lasting neural pathways that aid in language acquisition later in life.

Explanation:

Julia, having been exposed to both French and English during the crucial early years of language development, is likely to find relearning French in high school easier than someone who has had no prior exposure. The concept of language acquisition in children suggests that early exposure to a language can create lasting neural pathways. In Julia's case, these pathways were established for both French and English, despite the switch to an English-only environment.

Studies and cases like Lucy's demonstrate the benefits of bilingual education and early language exposure. Even after shifting to a primary language, maintaining bilingualism has cognitive advantages and can lead to success in various professional fields, such as law enforcement, where bilingual employees are highly sought after. Therefore, Julia will most likely have an advantage relearning French, potentially recalling language structures, vocabulary, or pronunciation from her early bilingual upbringing.

Hugh enjoys playing with your keys . when you take them away and place them in your pocket, hugh does not search for them. piaget would say that hugh does not understand:

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Final answer:

Hugh's behavior of not searching for the keys indicates that he may not yet comprehend object permanence, a cognitive milestone usually developed in early childhood (between 5 and 8 months old) according to Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

Explanation:

According to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, the behavior exhibited by Hugh, in this scenario, indicates that he does not understand object permanence. Object permanence is the recognition that objects continue to exist even when they are not visually perceptible. This is a cognitive skill that develops in the sensorimotor stage of cognitive development, typically from birth to about 2 years old.

Under Piaget's theory, infants initially lack object permanence, meaning that, for them, out of sight is truly out of mind. However, between 5 and 8 months old, children develop this understanding.

In the context of the question, when the keys are hidden away (in the pocket), Hugh does not look for them because he operates under the impression that those keys no longer exist since they're out of his sight. This behavior is characteristic of those who have not yet developed the understanding of object permanence.

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Final answer:

Hugh doesn't understand object permanence, which is the realization of objects still existing even out of sight. This is a concept children learn in the sensorimotor stage of Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

Explanation:

According to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, Hugh does not understand object permanence. Object permanence is a cognitive skill that develops in children, typically around the age of 6-7 months and up to 2 years old. It refers to the understanding that things continue to exist even when they cannot be observed directly. In your scenario, when you take the keys away and place them in your pocket, Hugh does not understand that they still exist even if he can't see them. It's a concept that children learn in the sensorimotor stage, which is the first stage in Piaget's theory.

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Which best describes the purpose of science? select one:
a. to explain the nature of things
b. to propose solutions to political issues
c. to solve the ethical problems of society
d. to debate the meaning of life?

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The answer is A. Science is the study of the nature of things. B would be political science. C is sociology and D is philosophy.

After recovering from a stroke, farina was unable to learn and remember the name of the rehabilitation therapist who has been working with her each day to develop her tennis swing. farina is most likely to have suffered damage to her

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The said condition can be categorized as a memory loss and lack of making new memories. Most likely farina might have suffered damage to her Hippocampus which is an organ in the brain that is mainly connected with memory functions. Usually any Alzheimer’s patients have the condition of hippocampus damage in their early stages.

Economic question answered by basic social values and goals

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The questions bothers around what, how and for whom good and services should be produced and delivered to. Specifically the first question would be what goods and services ought to be created. The second question is how these products or good and services should be produced or created. Finally for whom these goods and services should be made for

Final answer:

Countries aim to achieve various economic goals based on their societal values, such as efficiency, freedom, security, equity, and growth. These determine how they answer the three economic questions of what, how, and for whom to produce, which differ between market and command economies.

Explanation:

The subject in question pertains to the various economic goals that countries strive to achieve in order to create stability within their economies. These goals are influenced by societal values, which dictate the extent to which each goal is pursued. These include economic efficiency, freedom, security, equity, and growth. Each country’s economy answers three fundamental economic questions:

What should be produced?

How should goods and services be produced?

and For whom should goods and services be produced?—these are guided by market conditions or government policies depending on whether the economy is a market or command economy, respectively.

Give two examples of situations in which brutus expects others to act honorably

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Brutus believes Cassius' motives in killing Caesar are honorable. He trusts Antony to speak at Caesar's funeral.

Which monarchies fought intermittently during the Hundred Years’ War?

the French and the English
the French and the Spanish
the English and the German
the English and the Italian

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The correct answer to this question is the French and the English.

The Hundred Years' War was a war fought fiercely by both sides - the British and the French with each side winning certain battles but the final outcome being quite indecisive. Joan of Arc is a character that is probably the most known figure out of this time period.

Answer:

The correct answer to this question is the French and the English.

The Hundred Years' War was a war fought fiercely by both sides - the British and the French with each side winning certain battles but the final outcome being quite indecisive.

I hope I can help you :)

When jenny's parents told her that they were moving to alabama, she was horrified because she secretly thought that southerners were mostly poorly educated and racist. after experiencing the foods, traditions, and people in her new state, she was surprised to realize that southerners weren't all alike, and that many of her new friends were just like her. this is an example of:?

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The contact hypothesis has been described as one of the best ways to improve relations among groups that are experiencing conflict. Gordon W. Allport (1954) is often credited with the development of the contact hypothesis, also known as Intergroup Contact Theory. When jenny's parents told her that they were moving to alabama, she was horrified because she secretly thought that southerners were mostly poorly educated and racist. after experiencing the foods, traditions, and people in her new state, she was surprised to realize that southerners weren't all alike, and that many of her new friends were just like her. this is an example of: the contact hypothesis.

The scientific study of crime, criminal behavior, and the causes and prevention of crime, including rehabilitation and punishment of offenders is

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The answer is criminology

Answer:

True

Explanation:

According to social disorganization theory crime is most likely to occur where

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According to social disorganization theory crime is most likely to occur where in a community the neighbors do not know each other very well and social ties of that community are not strong enough. Absence of social control also contributes to the crime occurrences in such societies.
Final answer:

Social disorganization theory posits that crime is more likely to occur in neighborhoods with weak social ties and an absence of social control, often characterized by high rates of poverty, family disruption, and deviance.

Explanation:

According to the social disorganization theory, crime is most likely to occur in communities characterized by weak social ties and the absence of social control. Originating from the University of Chicago in the 1920s and 1930s, the theory asserts that an individual coming from a poor neighborhood marked by high rates of drug use, violence, teenage delinquency, and deprived parenting, is more inclined to engage in crime. These neighborhoods generally suffer from high rates of poverty, family disruption, and lack of social order, creating an environment conducive to crime and deviance. Therefore, individuals from these neighborhoods may have grown up witnessing and normalizing deviant behaviors, thus making them more susceptible to criminal activity.

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What effects are felt when people do not believe in the bible's inspiration?

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The Bible like many other religious scriptures broadly outlines a set of principles to live by and an answer to what meaning life and living has. So one effect of not following the bibles inspiration would be living life with fewer constraints as there are fewer rules, teachings, and commandments to follow. This might give the non-follower a greater sense of freedom to the follower. However, another effect the non-follower might feel is a sense of existential nihilism as life without an afterlife or mission might make the non-follower feel theirs is pointless. This might make the non-follower more prone to psychiatric disorders and general neuroticism.

He biggest problem with the superstition explanation of autoshaped behaviors is that

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The biggest problem is that the type of the autoshaped reaction fluctuates with the sort of reinforcer that is utilized.Autoshaping some of the time called "sign tracking" is any of an assortment of exploratory methodology used to traditional conditioning. In the methodology a reinforcer is matched with a stimulus that is independent of the subjects conduct until the subject makes a reaction to the stimulus.

The olympic symbol is an example of the gestalt principle of

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Olympic symbol is an example of the gestalt principle of Simplicity.

The Gestalt principles are basically established rules which describe how the human eye/mind perceives visual elements.

The six established principles of gestalt theory includes similarity, continuation, closure, proximity, figure/ground and symmetry & order

The simplicity principle of gestalt theory states the human mind perceives everything in its simplest form.

Therefore, the correct answer is simplicity principle because the Olympic symbol is one who is been perceived in its simplest form.

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