As both federal and state courts settle cases involving constitutional questions, they interpret the meaning of the Constitution. This is known as the power of judicial review. The Constitution does not list this power, but it is certain that the Framers intended that the federal courts, and especially the Supreme Court, should have it. The Supreme Court is the final authority on the meaning of the Constitution. Using the power of judicial review, the Court can declare laws and actions of local, state, or national governments to be unconstitutional. The case of Marbury vs. Madison in 1803 established the Supreme Court’s power of judicial review. Consider this case and be prepared to explain how it established the Supreme Court’s power of judicial review. The answer is in paragraph form and at least seven sentences long.

Answers

Answer 1

John Adams tried to game the process and nominated Marbury to a post in the final hours of Adams' administration. The hitch was that the Secretary of State had to deliver a commission to make it official. Thomas Jefferson's Secretary of State, James Madison (future President), refused to deliver the commission. Marbury, who was denied the post, sued. The outcome of the case is a little murky for the casual reader, though. In essence, Marbury still got hosed. He was told that he should have received the commission and that Madison was wrong but that the actual act by which he was nominated wasn't properly constructed. So, the Supreme Court won the day by reviewing the actions of the other branches and poor Marbury got nothing.


Answer 2
Final answer:

Marbury vs Madison case in 1803 set a precedent for the Supreme Court's power of judicial review. This power, unlisted in the Constitution, enables the Court to evaluate the constitutionality of state laws, executive actions, and federal laws, thus maintaining checks and balances within the government.

Explanation:

The landmark case of

Marbury vs. Madison

in 1803 established the Supreme Court's power of judicial review. This case occurred when Marbury was appointed Justice of Peace by President Adams, but the successor, President Jefferson, refused to honor his commission. The Supreme Court, led by Chief Justice John Marshall, ruled that the court had no jurisdiction to order Madison to deliver the papers, citing the Judiciary Act of 1789 as unconstitutional. This led to the realization that the Supreme Court has powers beyond those explicitly stated in the Constitution. Consequently, the Court was empowered to review the constitutionality of state laws, executive actions, and federal laws. Such critical review power helps maintain checks and balances within the government, and assert the supremacy of the Constitution. Thus, the

Marbury vs. Madison

case effectively established the precedent for the Supreme Court's power of judicial review.

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Related Questions

The first modernist American composer was

Answers

Final answer:

Igor Stravinsky was the first modernist American composer known for his groundbreaking ballet, The Rite of Spring.

Explanation:

The first modernist American composer was Igor Stravinsky. He was a Russian composer best known for his ballet The Rite of Spring. This piece shattered musical traditions and was considered scandalous when it premiered in 1913. Stravinsky's innovative use of scales, notes, and tempos marked a new era in music and solidified his place as a pioneer of modernism.

This photograph was taken in Rahfah in Palestinian territory in 2009. What does the phot reveal about violence in the region ?

Answers

The correct option is "Children are in harm's way due to act of violence".

This photograph shows with harrowing immediacy how vulnerable children were in the Plaestinian territory back in 2009. All the holes on the walls are from bullets fired at this building where the three small children stand, illustrating how thin the difference between living and dying can be for them at any moment.


Hope this helps!

George Curry served under Roosevelt, but what did he do later? A. He was asked by Roosevelt to govern in the Philippines. B. He became a lifelong friend of Roosevelt. C. He served the state of New Mexico in Washington. D. He later did/was all of the above.

Answers

The correct answer is: D) He later did/was all of the above.

After serving as one of Theodore Roosevelt's Rough Riders in the Spanish-American War, he became Governor of 3 of the Philippines' provinces: Camarines Sur (1901-1902), Isabela (1903-1905) and Samar (1905-1907). Then, he served as a Governor for the state of New Mexico. All the while, he remained a close friend with Roosevelt.

Answer:

d

Explanation:

Which river valley civilization shows evidence of urban planning due to its orderly streets and plumbing system?

Answers

The Indus River Valley shows evidence of urban planning.

Why was the Battle of Fort Sumter an important battle? A. It was the first battle under General Grant's command. B. It was the first battle of the Civil War. C. At Fort Sumter, the Union Army won their first victory. D. The battle marked the

Answers

The correct answer here is B.)It was the first battle of the Civil War.

*100% Positive*

If searched, the Battle of Fort Sumter is the very first battle of the civil war. Fort Sumter is basically an island fortification located in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina. It was originally constructed in 1829 as a coastal garrison. So in conclusion, Fort Sumter is most famous for being the site of the first shots of the Civil War.

*Hope this helped! Mark Brainliest if it did!*

Answer:

B. It was the first battle of the Civil War.

Explanation:

Study Island

One goal of the National Labor Relations Board was to:

A. prevent workers from joining unions.
B. provide a pension to older Americans.
C. offer jobs managing federal lands.
D. investigate unfair labor practices.

Answers

The correct answer is: D

The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) is an independent federal agency that governs relationships between businesses, unions and workers. Investigate and provide solutions to illicit practices committed by companies and unions.

One goal of the National Labour Relations Board was to :

D....investigate unfair labor practices....

Read the quotation.


“We hold these truths to be self-evident: that men and women are created equal."


Which of the following best describes the origins of this quotation as it relates to women’s equality?

It is from the US Constitution, written during the Second Continental Convention by Abigail Adams.

It is from the Declaration of Independence, written by the founders of the United States.

It is from the Seneca Falls Convention, using language from the Declaration of Independence.

It is from the National Woman Suffrage Association’s charter, written by Susan B. Anthony.

Answers

it is from the Seneca Falls Convention, using language that was adapted from the Declaration of Independence. Thomas Jefferson originally wrote the Declaration as "all men are created equal". it was at the Seneca Falls Convention, the first women's rights convention, that the statement was adapted to be more inclusive towards women.

Answer:

It is from the Seneca Falls Convention, using language from the Declaration of Independence.

Explanation:

The Seneca Falls Convention was the first convention on women's rights in the United States, held from July 19 to July 20, 1848, in Seneca Falls, New York. It was organized by Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton. The result was the publication of the Declaration of Seneca Falls (or Declaration of Feelings, as they called it), a document based on the Declaration of Independence of the United States in which they denounced the restrictions, especially policies, to which they were submitted women: not be able to vote, or stand for election, or hold public office, or affiliate with political organizations, or attend political meetings. The text is considered the founding text of the feminist movement.

How did the fifteen amendment expand on the rights granted in the thirteenth and fourteenth amendments?

Answers

The 13th Amendment outlawed slavery

The 14th Amendment stated that no state shall abridge the rights of any citizens

The 15th Amendment, ostensibly, gives the right to vote to African-American men. It states that "The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude."

So, the 15th Amendment worked to codify, or bring into fruition, a whole new group of voting citizens who had equal protection under the law in a system where slavery is now illegal.


Answer:

The amendment reconstruction is grouped into the 13th to 15th amendments in the American laws. At the last amendment of the constitution, the amendments were essential and implemented the construction of the southern war.

The thirteenth amendment proposal aimed at abolishing slavery as well as the involuntary servitude.

The 14th amendment of the contrary addressed the rights of the citizens and advocated for the protection of all people by the law.

Moreover, the 15th amendment prohibited discrimination and fought for people voting rights.

Who was Robert Oppenheimer? A. A general in the South Pacific B. An investor in the war effort C. A scientist who led the development of the atomic bomb D. A leader in the French Resistance

Answers

it's C. A scientist who led the development of the atomic bomb.

Robert Oppenheimer was the lead scientist in the Manhattan Project which developed the first atomic bomb. So ans is C. A scientist who led the development of the atomic bomb.

The signed and submitted by the police describes the nature of the crime and the probable cause, stating the role of the suspect.

Answers

I think the answer is the evidence or statement. I am not really sure what you are trying to ask but if this was a question he answer would be either evidence or statement.

Sir Francis Drake was the first Englishman to sail around the world.

True
False

Answers

true he was the first

Answer:

True, he was indeed the fist englishman to sail around the world.

The first time that unmanned underwater "gliders" were used by ocean scientists to respond to an oil spill was after the

Answers

highland at smithsonian

Who commanded the British attack on Quebec?

General Louis de Montcalm

General William Pitt

General George Washington

General James Wolfe

Answers

it is general james wolfe

How did sloat take control of california? he marched across new mexico and fought his way to the capital. he helped lead a revolt in the major cities and took over. he used the armed forces and took control. he held a vote for the citizens to join a provisional government?

Answers

Sloat took control of California by using the armed forced.

So the correct answer should be "he used the armed forces and took control"

Hope this helps,

Davinia.

Answer:

he used the armed forces and took control

Churches and religious groups had a moral connection to
A.) Their advocacy of change.
B.) Politicial issues.
C.) Foreign policy.
D.) The economy and development of the nation.

Answers

a their advocacy of change


hope this helps

Answer:

A.) Their advocacy of change.

Explanation:

Religious groups had a moral connection to their adovacy of change, religious groups, churches and all groups of society that have a certain feeling of trying to make a change on the society they live in and try and transform their surroundings for a better way of life, where all people are morally correct according to their beliefs.

Imagine you are a farmer in Venezuela. How might you have felt about the changes Chávez brought about?

Answers

The answer really depends on whether the farmer is also the landlord or only a worker in the fields, and bearing in mind that the question refers only to Chavez’ reforms, not what is now called Chavismo, that is to say, the rule of President Maduro.  

If the first, then there are chances that the landlord would feel threatened about the fact this his land could be —although not necessarily— appropriated by the State, but also, he might feel relieved to learn that his land could be more productive since there would be a lot more subsidies for farming since the oil revenues of the country would again be in the hands of the State.

If it is the second possibility, the farmer most likely would feel relieved altogether since subsidies to labor power and farming would mean greater income and better living conditions for him and his family.  


Answer:

Like many farmers and laborers, I likely would support the changes that Chávez brought about because they helped Venezuela’s poor. As president, Chávez introduced education, healthcare, and labor initiatives to improve the quality of life for the lower classes of Venezuela.

Explanation:a

How is Judaism related to Christianity and Islam?
A.
Christianity and Islam share religious traditions and beliefs with Judaism.
B.
Islam was the basis for both Christianity and Judaism.
C.
Christianity was the basis for Islam and Judaism.
D.
The Torah consists of Holy Scriptures from the Qur’an.

Answers

The correct answer is A, "Christianity and Islam share religious traditions and beliefs with Judaism."

Answer:

The correct answer is A, "Christianity and Islam share religious traditions and beliefs with Judaism."

Explanation:

Each of the following events occurred during the Cold War, place them in order from earliest (1) to most recent (4).

Vietnam War
China becomes communist
North Korea becomes communist
Cuban Missile Crisis

Answers

I believe that the order is North Korea becomes communist, China becomes communist, Vietnam War, and the Cuban Missile Crisis.

The events occurred during the Cold War, place them in order from earliest to most recent North Korea becoming communist, China becoming communist, Vietnam War and Cuban Missile Crisis.

What is communist state?

A communist state is a one-party state that is administered and governed by a communist party guided by Marxism–Leninism. Marxism–Leninism was the state ideology of the Soviet Union, the Comintern after Bolshevization and the communist states within the Comecon, the Eastern Bloc, and the Warsaw Pact.

Marxism–Leninism currently still remains the ideology of a few parties around the world. After its peak when many communist states were established, the Revolutions of 1989 brought down most of the communist states, however, it is still the official ideology of the ruling parties of China, Cuba, Laos, Vietnam, and to a lesser extent, North Korea.

During most of the 20th century, before the Revolutions of 1989, around one-third of the world's population lived under communist states.

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PLEASE CHECK IF IM RIGHT


let me know if you have a different answer


i also need help on the last one...

Answers

One (extreme left)

This is one of those questions that almost everything could be defended. The main  people who benefited were those in the Northeast and Northwest. In the South, not much was needed: all they required were roads that  got to the shore (which they already had). They would be paying for what they already had. I don't think it was a direct threat to their way of life: Americans have always been sensitive to problems with taxation. You could choose AD and in distant 3rd would be C. It really depends on what you've been told. My choice  is probably D, but I'm a bit cynical.

Two

The only one I would dispute is the Klan Entry. People became quite afraid of what the Klan was doing and in about 1870 to 1880, or so it was ordered disbanded. I would put that over in the other side. The other 4 I agree with.

Three

Another one of those wording problems. Which 4 are you talking about? And what do you mean by between. There were actually five; the one you have not mentioned is likely Kansas (came in January 1861). I believe it was a free state but I have to check it.It was in theory a free state, but there was disruptions and rebellions particularly along the border with Missouri. This went on for most of the war (Missouri was a slave state). If all you were talking about was Wisconsin California Minnesota and Oregon then your answer was correct. I'm not disputing anything else. The compromise of 1850 is what you should pay most attention to.

Four

It also hurt the South's economy which was an objective of Lincoln's. I guess your answer is correct, but it is not complete. Go with it.

Five

The guidelines of 5 are that Lincoln was filled remorse by the need to have fought the war in the first place. His private and public thoughts (but particularly his private ones) sided on mercy. He was all for accepting the south back into the union and giving the vote to the colored. He is quoted as saying "The army must not leave the south until the colored have the vote. It is their only protections."

Congress was much less merciful.

So the top middle one is under Lincoln. And so is the comment about rebellion and not secession. The other two go under congress.  I don't guarantee any of the answers to 5.

Under what circumstances with protest of the students in tinker versus Des Moines be deemed unprotected speech

Answers

Judging by the opinion, if the students in Tinker v. Des Moines had done more than wear black armbands and had instead engaged in "disruptive" speech that got in the way of their classmates learning, they likely would have been ruled against. This is the type of analysis that the Court had to do in cases like the infamous "Bong Hits 4 Jesus" case wherein a student relayed that message during a school event.

A filibuster named _____ was hired to scout out Texas and map the region.

A. Daniel Boone

B. Davy Crockett

C. David Livingstone

D. James Wilkinson

C. Philip Nolan

Answers

It’s Philip Nolan or the last one

Why did the Continental Congress sell bonds to foreign governments during the American Revolution? A. To help foreign governments clear debts B. To display the colonies' financial power C. To help raise money to finance the war D. To create friendly ties with foreign nations

Answers

The correct option is C. To help raise money to finance the war.

The American Civil War, known as well as the War of the Rebellion or Great Rebellion, was fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865 mainly as a result of the long-standing controversy over the enslavement of black people. Before this American Civil War started the U.S. Government debt was already $64.8 million, and once the war began this debt grew quickly.  

The financial cost of the war was estimated at $5.2 billion consequently, the U.S. Government had to come up with new ways to pay for this expensive war. For this reason in 1862, Congress passed the Legal Tender Act to finance the Civil War.  

The Legal Tender Act allowed the federal government, for the first time in U.S. Government to print paper money that was not backed by an equal amount of gold or silver, which was called greenbacks. As well as selling $500 million in bonds to raise money to finance the war.

Answer:

I think it is C or D

Explanation:

In Native spirituality, sacredness is associated with _____.

Answers

The peyote, a kind of cactus which has psychoactive properties and is used ritually to communicate with God.



Final answer:

In Native spirituality, sacredness is typically associated with nonhuman beings such as animals, plants, and natural elements. Ceremonies like the Sun Dance and usage of medicine bundles reflect this, emphasizing a deep connection to the natural world and its cycles. The philosophy underscores the interconnectedness of life and the duty to act as stewards of the environment.

Explanation:

In Native spirituality, sacredness is often associated with nonhuman beings such as animals, plants, the natural world, and various elements within it. Religious beliefs on the Plains, for instance, reflected the centrality of the bison and the Earth's sacredness. Ceremonies such as the Sun Dance and the use of medicine bundles were instrumental in these spiritual practices. The Sun Dance, for example, was an act of world renewal and self-sacrifice sponsored by an individual for the good of the group. It involves fasting, praying, and sometimes intense rituals such as bloodletting or self-torture, symbolizing a deep connection with the natural world and its cycles.

Additionally, the smoking of the calumet, also known as the "peace pipe", was integral to bonding, recognizing alliances, and establishing kin relations, underscoring the spiritual interconnectedness with other beings. Indigenous philosophy and worldviews encompass a profound relationship between humans and the natural world, recognizing animals, plants, and other natural features as animated and having spirits. Such spiritual relationships stipulate a stewardship over nature's wealth, a responsibility deeply ingrained in Native cultures.

In summary, many Indigenous philosophies display a metaphysical concept that stresses balance, complementarity, and social interconnectedness rather than individualism, aligning with the cycles of nature and the spirits that guide them.

Who pays for the Oklahoma government to function?

the people of Oklahoma
foreign nations that owe debts
other states with investments in the state
It pays for itself.

Answers

The people of Oklahoma pay for the state. Operation revenue comes from two sources: sales tax and gross revenue and income tax.  Sales tax and gross revenue make up the majority of the income. The remainder of the revenue is drawn from state tax collections.

The Oklahoma government is primarily funded by the people of Oklahoma through taxes, and they also incur public debt by issuing Treasury bonds paid over time to bondholders, who can be citizens or foreign investors.

This public funding is essential for the operation of state services and infrastructure. When the state borrows money by issuing Treasury bonds, it incurs a form of public debt known as the national debt, which it repays over time. This debt is owed to the bondholders, who can be citizens, domestic entities, or foreign investors.

What is not a reason Lewis and Clark were sent on there expedition A) To look for gold and silver B) Establish trade relations with the Native Americans C) strengthen the United States claim to the lands in the Northwest D) Scientific research

Answers

the right answer is B :)

Answer:

b

Explanation:

What was the name of the 1926 agreement that stabilized relations between studios and unions? film?

Answers

It was called the Basic Studio Agreement and it was signed on November 29th, 1926.

More than just a contract, the Basic Studio Agreement was the first agreement to be signed between the powerful Hollywood studios and film industry worker unions. In it, both film producers and the unions stipulated the first true agreement that would regulate negotiations related to wages, hours, grievances and general working conditions.

Why was the United States resentful of England during the Industrial Revolution?
A. The United States was the forerunner of the Industrial Revolution and did not wish to share knowledge with England.
B. England was at war with the United States and communication about technology was nonexistent.
C. The United States was angered by England's unwillingness to share its technology.
D. The United States wanted natural resources from England and they were not willing to part with them.

Answers

D. The United States wanted natural resources from England and the were not willing to part with them I’m pretty sure

PLEASE RESPOND QUICK!!! True or False. Charles V was the king of Spain who sent the Spanish Armada to England.

Answers

True necause defeated the candidacies of Frederick III, Elector of Saxony, Francis I of France, and Henry VIII of England.

It's true because he defeated Fredrick 3rd and was the ruler of the holy land

What was one of the aims of the Social Security Act of 1935? to ensure the elderly had income to limit the reach of private pension funds to provide job opportunities for people with disabilities to allow people to retire earlier

Answers

Answer:to insure elderly people had income

Explanation:

The aim of the Social Security Act of 1935 is to ensure the elderly had income.

What was the Social Security Act of 1935?

President Roosevelt signed the Social Security Act into law on August 14, 1935. In addition to several provisions for general welfare, the new Act established a social insurance programme to provide a continuing income to retired workers age 65 and older after retirement.

The primary goal of this Act was to provide for the general welfare by establishing a system of Federal old-age benefits and allowing the various states to make more adequate provisions for the elderly, blind people, dependent and crippled children, maternal and child welfare, public health, and unemployment administration.

This Act aims at establishing a Social Security Board, to raise revenue, and had many other purposes.

Therefore, to ensure the elderly had income was one of the aims of the Social Security Act of 1935.

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What was the purpose of the National labor Relations Board?

A. To give a pension to older Americans
B. To look into unfair labor practices
C. To provide public works jobs
D. To improve housing standards

Answers

The National Labor Relations Board is B. To look into unfair labor practices and enforce the US laws on the perpetrators.

~

Question: What was the purpose of the National labor Relations Board?

Answer: To look into unfair labor practices

Explanation: they want to prevent employers from engaging in unlawful acts

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(jacemorris04)

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