Based on the kinetic molecular theory, which of the following statements is correct about the particles in a sample of gas? They have negligible kinetic energy. There is negligible force of attraction between them. The space between them decreases with increase in temperature. Their average kinetic energy decreases with increase in temperature.

B. Due to Earth's rotation

A 12.9 L

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Answer:

7. A) I, II ; 8. D) 2.34e9 kJ

Step-by-step explanation:

7. Combustion of ethanol

I. The negative sign for ΔH shows that the reaction is exothermic.

II. The enthalpy change would be different if gaseous water were produced.

That's because it takes energy to convert liquid water to gaseous water, and this energy is included in the value of ΔH.

III. The reaction is a redox reaction, because

IV. The products of the reaction occupy a smaller volume than the reactants, because 3 mol of gaseous reactant are forming 2 mol of gaseous product.

Therefore, only I and II are correct.

7. Hindenburg

Data:

  V = 2.00 × 10⁸ L

  p = 1.00 atm

  T = 25.1 °C

ΔH = -286 kJ·mol⁻¹

Calculations:

(a) Convert temperature to kelvins

T = (25.1 + 273.15) K = 298.25 K

(b) Moles of hydrogen

Use the Ideal Gas Law:

pV = nRT

n = (pV)/(RT)

n = (1.00 × 2.00 × 10⁸)/(0.082 06 × 298.25) = 8.172 × 10⁶ mol

(c) Heat evolved

q = nΔH = 8.172 × 10⁶ × (-286) = -2.34 × 10⁹ kJ

The hydrogen in the Hindenburg released 2.34e9 kJ .

Answer:

The third option

Explanation:

If people have found more volcanic rock layers in the past that would mean that volcanic activity was more common in the past.

To melt a solid, energy must be input into the solid to give the molecules high energy to disrupt the lattice bonds and change phase. To return the liquid to solid, the same amount of energy used in melting is required to be removed from the liquid, ideally. This is assuming there is no loss of energy in the process.

Answer:

They have the same magnitude but differ on the sign.

Explanation:

Hello,

Melting enthalpy is related with the necessary energy a solid sample needs to be converted to liquid; in general, such energy is positive as the initial solid needs to gain energy to become liquid as liquid molecules are arranged farther than solid molecules. On the contrary, freezing enthalpy is related with the energy a liquid sample needs to be converted to solid, in such a way, it is negative since that energy must be withdrawn to promote the liquid molecules to get closer and consequently turn solid. Summing this up, they have the same magnitude but differ on the sign.

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Answer:

80.0 mL of a 0.2 M NaOH solution.

Explanation:

(MV)before dilution = (MV)after dilution.

We need to calculate the concentration after the dilution for each solution:

M after dilution = (MV)before dilution/V after dilution = (0.1 M)(100.0 mL)/(200.0 mL) = 0.05 M.

M after dilution = (MV)before dilution/V after dilution = (0.4 M)(20.0 mL)/(200.0 mL) = 0.04 M.

M after dilution = (MV)before dilution/V after dilution = (0.2 M)(80.0 mL)/(200.0 mL) = 0.08 M.

M after dilution = (MV)before dilution/V after dilution = (0.5 M)(10.0 mL)/(200.0 mL) = 0.025 M.

So, 80.0 mL of a 0.2 M NaOH solution will have the largest concentration after dilution to 200.0 mL.

Among the given options, the 80 mL solution of 0.2 M NaOH will have the highest concentration after being diluted to 200 mL, as it has the greatest number of moles of NaOH initially.

The subject of this question is the concentration of a diluted solution. In this particular case, we have four solutions of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) that have different initial concentrations and volumes, and they are diluted to make 200 mL solutions. To determine which solution will have the largest concentration after dilution, we use the dilution formula: M1V1 = M2V2, where M1 and V1 are the molarity and volume of the initial solution, and M2 and V2 are the molarity and volume of the diluted solution.

Applying this formula to each of the four solutions, we have: 0.1 M * 100 mL = 0.01 mol, 0.4 M * 20 mL = 0.008 mol, 0.2 M * 80 mL = 0.016 mol, and 0.5 M * 10 mL = 0.005 mol for the NaOH solutions respectively. Since the concentration after dilution is given by the number of moles divided by the volume (which is uniform at 200 mL), the solution with the greatest number of moles will have the greatest concentration. Therefore, the 80 mL solution of 0.2 M NaOH will have the highest concentration after dilution.

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Answer:

They have adapted to different niches.

Explanation:

due to competition

Answer:

B.they have adapted to different niches due to competiton.

Explanation:

apexs

Answer: All organic compound depends on  H-bonding with water. more stronger H-bonding with water more will be soluble.

Explanation:

1. It depends primarily upon the function groups of that compound. It also depends on the size of the compound.  

2. some organic compound which soluble in water for example: alcohols, ethers, carboxylic acids.  Because of the functional groups attached to the organic structure (the C-H backbone) are what effect the solubilities.Like carboxylic acids and alcohols form hydrogen bonds with the water, helping to solubilize it.  

3. Take alcohols for example: methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol are all completely soluble in water. By the time you get to butanol and some of the larger alcohols, including those with more complex structures, they tend to be less soluble.  

Temperature is a degree of hotness or coldness the can be measured using a thermometer.Temperature is measured in degrees on the Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin scales. It's also a measure of how fast the atoms and molecules of a substance are moving.

Answer:

A) chloride shifting

Explanation:

whenn you have sublimation

Answer: The density of the object will be 4 g/ml.

Explanation:

Density is defined as the mass contained per unit volume.

[tex]Density=\frac{mass}{Volume}[/tex]

Given : Mass of object = 20.0 grams

Volume of object= [tex]5ml[/tex]

Putting in the values we get:

[tex]Density=\frac{20.0g}{5ml}=4g/ml[/tex]

Thus density of the object will be 4 g/ml.

the answer is b: it shows how temperature of a substance changes when heated.

According to the forces of attraction, the statement which is true for a heating curve is that it  shows how the temperature of a substance changes when heated.

Forces of attraction  is a force by which atoms in a molecule  combine. it is basically an attractive force in nature.  It can act between an ion  and an atom as well.It varies for different  states  of matter that is solids, liquids and gases.

The forces of attraction are maximum in solids as  the molecules present in solid are tightly held while it is minimum in gases as the molecules are far apart . The forces of attraction in liquids is intermediate of solids and gases.

The physical properties such as melting point, boiling point, density  are all dependent on forces of attraction which exists in the substances.

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At high temperatures and low pressures

Explanation:

Real gas-)

Gases which does not obey ideal gas equation at all temperature and pressure are generally known as real gases.

ex- all gases are real .

Ideal gas ;-)

GasesThe gases which obey ideal gas equation at all conditions of temperature and pressure are generally known as ideal gases.

£] No gas is purely ideal

*--» Real gases can behave as ideal gas at low pressure and high temperature.

----» explain deviation of real gases, we can use compressibility factor[Z]with the use of ideal gas equation

Answer:

D.

Explanation:

The heat of evaporation, is the amount of energy that must be added to a liquid substance, to transform a quantity of that substance into a gas. The heat of vaporization is a function of the pressure at which that transformation takes place.

Answer:

a. gold : 755.7°C.

b. silver: 418.7°C.

Explanation:

a. gold :

The amount of heat absorbed by gold = Q = m.c.ΔT.

where, m is the mass of Au (m = 25.0 g).

c is the specific heat capacity of Au = 0.129 J/g°C.

ΔT is the temperature difference = (final T - 27.0°C).

Q = 2.35 kJ = 2350.0 J.

∴ The amount of heat absorbed by Au = Q = m.c.ΔT = 2350.0 J.

∴ 2350.0 J = (25.0 g)(0.129 J/g°C)(final T - 27.0°C).

∴ 2350.0 J = 3.225 final T - 87.08.

∴ 3.225 final T = 2350.0 + 87.08 = 2473.

∴ final T = 2473/3.225 = 755.7°C.

b. silver:

The amount of heat absorbed by silver = Q = m.c.ΔT.

where, m is the mass of Ag (m = 25.0 g).

c is the specific heat capacity of Ag = 0.24 J/g°C.

ΔT is the temperature difference = (final T - 27.0°C).

Q = 2.35 kJ = 2350.0 J.

∴ The amount of heat absorbed by Ag = Q = m.c.ΔT = 2350.0 J.

∴ 2350.0 J = (25.0 g)(0.24 J/g°C)(final T - 27.0°C).

∴ 2350.0 J = 6.0 final T - 162.0.

∴ 6.0 final T = 2350.0 + 162.0 = 2512.

∴ final T = 2512/6.0 = 418.7°C.

The final temperature of the gold when it absorbs the heat is 755.68 ⁰C.

The  final temperature of the silver when it absorbs the heat is 418.67  ⁰C.

The given parameters;

The final temperature of the gold when it absorbs 2,350 J;

Q = mcΔt

[tex]2350 = 25 \times 0.129 \times (t- 27)\\\\2350 = 3.225t - 87.075\\\\3.225t = 2437.075 \\\\t = \frac{2437.075}{3.225} \\\\t = 755.68 \ ^0c[/tex]

The final temperature of the silver when it absorbs 2,350 J;

Q = mcΔt

[tex]2350 = 25 \times 0.24 \times (t -27)\\\\2350 = 6t - 162\\\\6t = 2350 + 162\\\\6t = 2512\\\\t = \frac{2512}{6} \\\\t = \frac{2512}{6} \\\\t = 418.67 \ ^0C[/tex]

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higher Ka value= stronger acid

stronger acids have weaker conjugate bases, so the acid with the strongest conjugate base would be acetic acid

Answer:

The nucleus emits particles and/or energy

Explanation:

In nuclear decay, the nucleus of an unstable atom (usually with a high neutron number over protons) splits into lighter more stable atoms. The process involves the release of energy particles such as neutrons or beta particles and energy. The released particles bombard with the other unstable atoms in the vicinity and split them producing  a chain reaction.

Answer:

The nucleus emits particles and/or energy.

Explanation:

proving the answer is right on the bottom

The splitting of an atom is known as nuclear fission, in which a high-energy particle is introduced to a heavy atom to instigate the separation; heavy atoms are known to be naturally unstable due to their size, and a small catalyst is enough to tip the system in favor of splitting. The act of fission usually produces two daughter nuclei and some byproduct, such as an alpha or beta particle, etc.

The splitting of the uranium atom is an example of nuclear fission.  Radioactive merge half life radioactive cleavage is nuclear fission.

Fusion is the process where two light nuclei fuse together to release enormous quantities of energy, while fission is the breaking of a heavy, unstable nucleus into two lighter nuclei. Despite their differences, the two methods are crucial to the creation of energy in the past, present, and future.

By dissolving large, heavy atoms, like uranium, into smaller ones, like iodine, cesium, strontium, xenon, and barium, to name just a few, fission produces energy. However, fusion involves joining light atoms, such as the deuterium and tritium isotopes of hydrogen, to create the heavier helium.

Hence, the splitting of the uranium atom is an example of nuclear fission.

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Newton's third law - every action has an opposite reaction

when you press a forward force the log moves backwards in opposite reaction  

Final answer:

When you walk on a floating log and it moves backward, this is an example of Newton's third law of motion, which states for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. The action of walking on the log creates a force that pushes it backward.

Explanation:

When you walk on a log that is floating in the water and the log moves backward, this phenomenon is explained by Newton's third law of motion. Newton's third law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. In this case, when you walk towards one end of the log, your feet push the log in the opposite direction with a force. Consequently, the log reacts to this force by moving in the opposite direction to your motion, which is backward. This principle is the same as a swimmer doing the breaststroke who pushes backward against the water, resulting in the water pushing forward on him, propelling him through the water.

This law helps explain various everyday actions and reactions, covering movements in sports, vehicle propulsion, and even celestial movements. For instance, when a person runs, they push against the ground with their feet, and the ground pushes them forward. This interaction between forces allows for motion and is a fundamental aspect of how we understand and interact with the physical world around us.

The weight of oxegon

a. Which is the anode?

Al is more reactive than the Cu, because the reduction potential of Al is -1.676 V, so would turn to ions easily hence it would give electrons and form a cation and so it will be the anode.

b. Which is oxidized?

Copper is the cathode, because of its reduction potential +0.34 V, which has a higher affinity for electrons and so it will be the oxidizing agent which means the Al is oxidized.  

c. What will the battery voltage be?

The voltage of the battery we can be calculated by using the reduction potentials of both elements:

E°battery = E°cathode - E°anode = E°Cu - E°Al = 0.34 - (-1.676) = 2.016 V

The cell have a spontaneous reaction because the voltage has a positive sign.

d. Write a balanced net ionic equation for the reaction that takes place.  

Al + 3 Cu⁺ ----> Al³⁺ + 3 Cu  

The correct answer is D. Ketone, given that the functional group described is the carbonyl group within the carbon chain, not at the end.

The functional group being described is the carbonyl group. However, the type of compound it forms depends on the location of the carbonyl group within the hydrocarbon chain. An aldehyde contains the carbonyl group at the end of a carbon chain, represented as -CHO, whereas a ketone contains the carbonyl group within the carbon chain, represented as -CO-. Since the information mentions an OH group on a carbon atom attached to two other carbon atoms, and oxidation of this results in a ketone, the correct answer to the question is a ketone. Aldehydes and ketones are both commonly named by identifying the longest chain that includes the carbonyl carbon and changing the suffix of the hydrocarbon name appropriately to -al for aldehydes and -one for ketones.

The correct option is B(alcohol).

The functional group attached to the hydrocarbon can be identified by specific groups bonded to carbons in the chain. In this case, the correct functional group is an alcohol, indicated by the presence of a hydroxyl (OH) group.

To determine the functional group attached to a hydrocarbon, we need to identify specific atoms or groups of atoms bonded to the carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain.

Step 1: Identify the functional group

If the group attached is a hydroxyl group (OH), the compound is classified as an alcohol. If we see a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two alkyl groups, it is a ketone. A carbonyl group at the end of the hydrocarbon chain forms an aldehyde.

For the answer choices given:
A. Alkyl halide: This includes halogens like chlorine, bromine, etc., bonded to carbon.

B. Alcohol: Indicates the presence of an OH group bonded to carbon. C.Carbonyl: Indicates the presence of a C=O group.
D. Ketone: A specific type of carbonyl group between two carbon atoms.

Thus, the correct functional group attached to the hydrocarbon is, most likely, an alcohol (answer B).

the answer is D. Barred Spiral

The skeletal formulas of the desired ones are drawn.

The two aromatic compounds with the formula C₈H₉Cl are 1-Chloro-2-ethylbenzene and 1-Chloro-3-methylbenzene.

1.

1-Chloro-2-ethylbenzene: In this structure, the chlorine atom (Cl) is attached to the second carbon atom of the ethyl group, which is connected to the aromatic benzene ring.

2.

1-Chloro-3-methylbenzene: In 1-Chloro-3-methylbenzene, the chlorine atom (Cl) is attached to the third carbon atom of the methyl group, which is connected to the aromatic benzene ring. The structure consists of a benzene ring (six carbon atoms in a hexagonal arrangement) with a methyl group attached to the third carbon atom of the ring.

In both cases, the chlorine atom (Cl) is not directly attached to the aromatic ring but is instead attached to a carbon atom that is connected to the ring.

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Electromagnetic radiation is made when an atom absorbs energy.

Answer:The correct answer is all the planets revolve around earth.

Explanation:This model was made a long time before technolige when they looked at the stars they would always move across the sky in the same pattern so they assumed that the stars were revolving around earth but come to find out everything was revolving around the sun.

Answer:

I think d

Explanation:

The displacement on 2-bromopropane will likely proceed faster with CH3CH2O- because of the degree of nucleophilicity; this group is likely more nucleophilic than a CN group, as even though the triple bond would make it more reactive it is still relying heavily on the effects of induction in justifying its reactivity.

The displacement for number 2 would occur SIGNIFICANTLY quicker on the H2C=CHCH2Br due to its position. The alternative has Bromine in a vinylic position to the double bond making an SN2 reaction nearly impossible (sp2 hybridized centers don’t react well with SN2 and have a poor intermediate while allylic SN2s are stabilized by resonance).

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One of the most common devices for measuring temperature is the glass thermometer. This consists of a glass tube filled with mercury or some other liquid, which acts as the working fluid. Temperature increase causes the fluid to expand, so the temperature can be determined by measuring the volume of the fluid.

Liquid-in-glass thermometers depend on change in the volume of a liquid as temperature changes.

Every thermometer makes use of a thermometric property. The thermometric property is the property of the substance that changes with change in temperature.

In the case of liquid-in-glass thermometers, the thermometric property is the change in the volume of a liquid with change in temperature.

The liquid used must have high expansivity and must expand and contract uniformly as temperature changes.

Hence, as the liquid expands and contracts with temperature, the height of the  liquid can be used to measure temperature.

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Answer:

B

Explanation: