Final answer:
Joseph John Thomson discovered the electron, a fundamental negatively charged particle, developing the plum pudding model of the atom and earning a Nobel Prize for his contributions to physics.
Explanation:
British physicist Joseph John Thomson was the first to identify the electron, a negatively charged particle. In 1897, Thomson conducted groundbreaking experiments with cathode rays, proving that they were composed of particles rather than waves, because of their negative electric charge. He achieved this through meticulous experiments sending a pure beam of these particles through crossed electric and magnetic fields and balancing the fields until there was no net deflection of the beam. This allowed him to calculate the charge-to-mass ratio of the electron, revealing that its mass was significantly smaller than any known atom - precisely 1837 times smaller. Thomson's work led to the development of the plum pudding model of the atom, in which the atom was imagined as a sphere of positive charge with electrons dispersed within it, similar to plums in a pudding. His pioneering work paved the way for our modern understanding of the atomic structure and for this, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1906.
A reaction which forms a solid product is an example of a(n): gas evolution reaction. combustion reaction. precipitation reaction. oxidation-reduction reaction. none of the above
What is the chemical formula for an amino group?
The amino group has the chemical formula -NH₂.
It consists of a nitrogen atom that is bonded to two hydrogen atoms, and to the carbon skeleton of a molecule. This functional group is a key component of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins.
For example, glycine is an amino acid where the amino group is bonded to an alpha carbon atom, along with a hydrogen atom, carboxyl group (-COOH), and a side chain represented by the R group.The general structure of an amino acid can be represented as R-CH(NH₂)-COOH. Different amino acids vary in their R group, which determines their unique properties. In biochemistry, the amino acids with an amino group and a carboxyl group attached to the same carbon atom are referred to as alpha-amino acids.
Serotonin is a compound that conducts nerve impulses in the brain. it contains 68.2 mass percent c, 6.86 mass percent h, 15.9 mass percent n, and 9.08 mass percent o. its molar mass is 176 g/mol. part a determine its molecular formula.
Final answer:
This answer explains how to determine the molecular formula of serotonin based on its mass percent composition and molar mass.
Explanation:
Serotonin is a compound that conducts nerve impulses in the brain. To determine its molecular formula, we need to calculate the empirical formula first. Given the mass percent composition of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O), we can find the empirical formula ratios and then the molecular formula based on the molar mass of serotonin.
Using the given mass percent values, we can calculate that the empirical formula of serotonin is C₁₁H₁₂N₂O . Since the molar mass of serotonin is 176 g/mol, this corresponds to a molecular formula of C₁₁H₁₂N₂O.
Therefore, the molecular formula of serotonin is C₁₁H₁₂N₂O.
A pulley system operates with 40% efficiency. if the work put in is 200 joules, how much useful work is produced?
A team of researchers are working on a project to make a new kind of airplane fuel. During their experiment, there was an explosion that destroyed the lab. While they were cleaning up the debris, they discovered a number of pieces of frozen metal. The scientific community was amazed. The researchers were so excited to report that they had discovered a fuel that burns so hot that it becomes cold. They were not sure of the true importance of their discovery but they knew it was something that had never been seen before. The researchers quickly wrote up a report, created a press release, and applied for a patent. The news spread quickly through the world wide scientific community and soon other scientists were trying to replicate their experiment. Much to the relief of the original team or researchers, no other scientist could ever replicate their find. Would this example be considered science or pseudoscience? Why or Why not?
What mass of sodium oxalate na2c2o4 is needed to prepare 0.250 l of a 0.100 m solution?
Answer:
3.35 g Na2C2O4
Explanation:
They gave us the molarity and the liters of solution so using the relationship (M=mol/V) we can get the moles of solution.
0.250 L (0.100 mol/L) = 0.0250 mol Na2C2O4
Now that we have the moles of sodium oxalate, we can use its molar mass (134 g/mol) to convert to grams.
0.0250 mol (134.0 g/mol) -=3.35 grams (rounded to three sig figs
Approximately 3.35 grams of sodium oxalate (Na2C2O4) are needed to prepare 0.250 L of a 0.100 M solution.
The mass of sodium oxalate (Na2C2O4) needed to prepare a 0.100 M (mol/L) solution in a volume of 0.250 L, we can use the formula:
Mass = molar concentration × molar mass × volume
First, we need to calculate the number of moles of sodium oxalate required:
Number of moles = molar concentration × volume
Number of moles = 0.100 mol/L × 0.250 L
Number of moles = 0.025 mol
The molar mass of sodium oxalate (Na2C2O4) can be calculated as follows:
Molar mass = (2 × atomic mass of sodium) + (2 × atomic mass of carbon) + (4 × atomic mass of oxygen)
Molar mass = (2 × 22.99 g/mol) + (2 × 12.01 g/mol) + (4 × 16.00 g/mol)
Molar mass = 134.03 g/mol
Finally, we can calculate the mass of sodium oxalate needed:
Mass = number of moles × molar mass
Mass = 0.025 mol × 134.03 g/mol
Mass = 3.35 g
Therefore, approximately 3.35 grams of sodium oxalate (Na2C2O4) are needed to prepare 0.250 L of a 0.100 M solution.
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As "friends of the indian," what did many in the office of indian affairs want most?
Answer:
to force white christian culture on the native americans
Explanation:
apex
Approximately how much more energy is released in a 6.5 richter magnitude earthquake than in one with magnitude 5.5?
a. 3 times
b. 300 times
c. 30 times
d. 3000 times
What determines whether or not a substance can be actively transported through the membrane?
The term SI system refers to _____?
The number of grams of water vapor in a cubic meter of air is called the
Why is water densest 40 degree Celsius
What volume of a 0.303 m hydroiodic acid solution is required to neutralize 20.5 ml of a 0.167 m calcium hydroxide solution?
N2(g) + o2(g) → 2 no(g) δh = +180.7 kj 2 no(g) + o2(g) → 2 no2(g) δh = −113.1 kj 2 n2o(g) → 2 n2(g) + o2(g) δh = −163.2 kj use hess's law to calculate δh for the reaction. n2(g) + 2 o2(g) → 2 no2(g).
In order for convention to transfer heat particles need to??
Liquid octane reacts with oxygen gas to form carbon dioxide gas and water vapor.express your answer as a chemical equation. identify all of the phases in your answer.
The combustion reaction of octane with oxygen forms carbon dioxide and water vapor. The chemical equation is represented as: 2C8H18(l) + 25O2(g) ➖ 16CO2(g) + 18H2O(g). Each compound's state of matter is indicated in parentheses.
Explanation:The chemical equation for the reaction of liquid octane (C8H18) with oxygen gas (O2) to form carbon dioxide gas (CO2) and water vapor (H2O) is as follows:
2C8H18(l) + 25O2(g) ➖ 16CO2(g) + 18H2O(g)
In this equation, the phases of each compound are indicated in parentheses. C8H18 is in the liquid phase (l), while O2, CO2, and H2O are all in the gaseous phase (g).
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The balanced equation is C₈H₁₈ (l) + 12.5 O₂ (g) → 8 CO₂ (g) + 9 H₂O (g). This reaction exemplifies a combustion reaction.
Liquid octane reacts with oxygen gas to form carbon dioxide gas and water vapor. The balanced chemical equation for this reaction, with phases identified, is:
C₈H₁₈ (l) + 12.5 O₂ (g) → 8 CO₂ (g) + 9 H₂O (g)
This reaction is a typical example of a combustion reaction, where a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water, releasing energy.
Which of the following measurements is equal to 0.373 cL?
Options:
1) 3730000 nL
2) 373000 mL
3) 3.73 dL
4) 37.3 kL
Arrange these elements in order of decreasing atomic size: sulfur, chlorine, aluminum, and sodium. does your arrangement demonstrate a periodic trend or a group trend
Arranging the given elements in order of decreasing atomic sizes ;
Sodium > Aluminum > Sulfur > ChlorineThe arrangement of elements based on Atomic numbers is a periodic trend ( because elements are categorized/ put in different patterns in the periodic table based on their atomic sizes ). while
A group trend groups elements in vertical order based on their characteristics and not atomic size.
Hence we can conclude that Arranging the various elements in order of decreasing atomic sizes is ; Sodium > Aluminum > Sulfur > Chlorine
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What would be the correct name for element 119?
Compounds which are characterized as covalent are generally made up of elements found in which part of the periodic table
Answer:
upper right of the periodic table
Which of these represents the correct electron configuration for carbon?
Final answer:
The correct electron configuration for carbon is 1s²2s²2p², with two unpaired electrons in separated 2p orbitals, following Hund's rule and the Pauli exclusion principle.
Explanation:
The correct electron configuration for carbon is 1s²2s²2p². Carbon has an atomic number of 6, meaning it has six electrons. Two electrons fill the 1s orbital, the next two fill the 2s orbital, and the remaining two are found in the 2p orbital. According to Hund's rule, the lowest-energy configuration for an atom with electrons within a set of degenerate orbitals is that with the maximum number of unpaired electrons. Therefore, carbon has two unpaired electrons in the 2p orbital, with one electron in each of the two 2p orbitals that have the same n, l, and m₀ quantum numbers, but different ms quantum numbers, adhering to the Pauli exclusion principle. In its valence shell, carbon has an electron configuration of 2s²2p², which is similar to other elements in the same column of the periodic table.
Which of these gases is most responsible for the greenhouse effect on earth? oxygen (o2) nitrogen (n2) carbon dioxide (co2) ozone (o3) ammonia (nh3)?
The gas most responsible for the greenhouse effect on Earth is carbon dioxide (CO₂). While methane is more potent molecule for molecule, the abundance of CO₂ makes it a foremost contributor to global warming.
The gas most responsible for the greenhouse effect on Earth is carbon dioxide (CO₂). While the most common greenhouse gases are water vapor (H₂O), carbon dioxide, methane (CH₄), and nitrous oxide (N₂O), carbon dioxide is being added to the atmosphere in significant amounts through human activities. These activities lead to higher concentrations of CO₂, causing more heat to be trapped in the atmosphere and enhancing the natural greenhouse effect, which consequently leads to global climate change.
When comparing carbon dioxide to methane in terms of effectiveness at heating the atmosphere, methane is a more potent greenhouse gas molecule for molecule, but the abundance and longevity of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere make it a major player in the greenhouse effect.
It is important to note that gases like nitrogen (N₂) and oxygen (O₂), despite making up a large part of the atmosphere, do not significantly contribute to the greenhouse effect.
What elements make up the halogen family
Answer:
fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), astatine (As), and tennessine (Ts)
Explanation:
In any balanced chemical equation, the number of each type of atom on both sides of the equation is ________.
In any balanced chemical equation, the number of each type of atom on both sides of the equation is equal.
BALANCED CHEMICAL EQUATION:
A balanced equation is an equation that obeys the law of conservation of mass. An equation is said to be balanced when the number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation is equal.For example, in the equation as follows:
NaOH + H2SO4 = Na2SO4 + H2OThe number of atoms of sodium, oxygen, sulphur and hydrogen elements on both sides of the equation are balanced. Therefore, in any balanced chemical equation, the number of each type of atom on both sides of the equation is equal.Learn more at: https://brainly.com/question/7181548?referrer=searchResults
Ionic compounds are electrically overall thereofre the sum of
Consider the following reaction. How many moles of oxygen are required to produce 2.33 moles of water? Assume that there is excess C3H7SH present.
3.5 moles of oxygen are required to produce 2.33 moles of water
Further explanationStoichiometry in Chemistry learn about chemicals mainly emphasizes quantitative, such as the calculation of volume, mass, number, which is related to numbers, molecules, elements, etc.
A reaction coefficient is a number in the chemical formula of a substance involved in the reaction equation. The reaction coefficient is useful for equalizing reagents and products.
In the reaction there are also manifestations of reagent substances namely gas (g), liquid (liquid / l), solid (solid / s) and solution (aqueous / aq).
The concentration of a substance can be expressed in several quantities such as moles, percent (%) weight/volume,), molarity, molality, parts per million (ppm) or mole fraction. The concentration shows the amount of solute in a unit of the amount of solvent.
MoleThe mole itself is the number of particles contained in a substance amounting to 6.02.10²³
Mole can also be sought if the amount of substance mass and its molar mass is known
[tex]\large{\boxed{\boxed{\bold{mol=\frac{mass}{molar\:mass}}}}[/tex]
Reaction that happens :
C₃H₇SH (l) + 6 O₂ (g) ⇒3 CO₂ (g) + SO₂ (g) + 4 H₂O (g)
And because C₃H₇SH (l) ) is excess reactant, O₂ functions as a limiting reagent, so the determination of H₂O mole based on O₂ mole
From the coefficient of the equation above, it shows that the ratio of mol O₂: mol H₂O = 6: 4
So to produce 2.33 moles of H₂O, O₂ is needed as much as:
mole O₂ = 6/4 x 2.33
mole O₂ = 3,495 = 3.5 mole
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Keywords: mole, excess, limiting reactants, H₂O
How can you write c6h12o6 in the simplest form that illustrates the proportion of elements in monosaccharides?
Answer: The simplest formula for monosaccharides is [tex](CH_2O)_6;n=6[/tex]
Explanation:
Monosaccharides are defined as the sugars that are present in the simplest forms or which cannot be further hydrolyzed. They are the the basic units os sugar.
This class of sugars consist of carbon atoms, hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms.
The general formula for a monosaccharide is [tex](CH_2O)_n;n\geq 3[/tex]
We are given a sugar having chemical formula [tex]C_6H_{12}O_6[/tex]
So, the simplest form of the given sugar will be [tex](CH_2O)_6;n=6[/tex]
Which of these acids forms when wine is left exposed to oxygen for extended periods?
The compound Ba(NO3)2 includes _____ oxygen atoms.
6
3
5
2
To determine the number of oxygen atoms in the given compound, barium nitrate Ba(NO3)2, we can see that in each mole of barium nitrate, there are 6 moles of oxygen atoms in it. In this problem, the correct answer is D.
6 moles of oxygen.
Explanation:
Ba(NO3)2 ,is a composite called 'barium nitrate.' It's also described as 'barium dinitrate.' Ba(NO3)2 is created up of atoms of barium (Ba), nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O). Barium nitrate is the inorganic compound with the chemical equation Ba(NO3)2. It, like most barium salts, is transparent, toxic, and water-soluble. It fires with a green flame and is an oxidizer, it is practiced in pyrotechnics.
How is a pair of molecular orbitals formed?
Final answer:
Molecular orbitals are formed when atomic orbitals overlap, where in-phase combinations create bonding orbitals and out-of-phase combinations create antibonding orbitals, influencing the stability of the molecule.
Explanation:
The formation of molecular orbitals (MOs) occurs when atomic orbitals overlap and combine, which can be visualized through the molecular orbital theory. Bonding molecular orbitals are created by the in-phase combinations of atomic wave functions, leading to an increase in stability of the molecule as electrons in these orbitals help to hold the atoms together. Conversely, antibonding molecular orbitals result from out-of-phase combinations and contain electrons that make the molecule less stable. The interaction between atomic orbitals is most significant when they are of similar energy.
For instance, molecular orbitals can form from the overlap of two s atomic orbitals from adjacent atoms. An in-phase overlap leads to a lower energy bonding orbital (σ MO), while an out-of-phase overlap results in a higher energy antibonding orbital (σ* MO). When considering molecules with more than two atoms, such as water (H2O), molecular orbital theory provides a more accurate model compared to other theories, explaining the actual bond angles and electron distribution that can be observed experimentally.