C-12 and c-13 are naturally-occurring isotopes of the element carbon. C-12 occurs 98.89% of the time and c-13 occurs 1.108% of the time. What calculation should be used to determine the atomic mass of this element?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

[tex]\boxed{\text{12.011 u}}[/tex]

Explanation:

You calculate the weighted average of the atomic masses.

That is, you multiply the atomic mass of each isotope by a number representing its relative importance (e.g.., its percent of the total).

Set up a table for easy calculation:

[tex]\begin{array}{ccrcr}\textbf{Atom} & \textbf{Mass/u} &\textbf{Percent} & \textbf{Calculation}& \textbf{Result/u}\\^{12}\text{C}& 12.000 & 98.892 & 12.000 \times 0.988 92 & 11.867\\^{13}\text{C}& 13.003 & 1.108 & 13.003 \times 0.011 08 & 0.144 \\& & & \text{TOTAL} = &\textbf{12.011}\\\end{array}\\\\\text{The average atomic mass of C is }\boxed{\textbf{12.011 u}}[/tex]


Related Questions

Can Sodium be used to distinguish between cyclobutanol and butanoic acid

Answers

Answer:

[tex]\boxed{\text{No}}[/tex]

Explanation:

Na reacts with all OH groups to produce hydrogen.

The reaction with cyclobutanol is shown below.  

The reaction with butanoic acid is

[tex]\rm CH_{3}CH_{2}CH_{2}COOH\xrightarrow{\text{Na}} CH_{3}CH_{2}CH_{2}COO^{-} + H_{2}[/tex]

Both compounds release bubbles of hydrogen, so you can't use sodium to distinguish between them.

Radioactive iodine-131 has a half-life of eight days. The amount of a 200.0 gram sample left after 32 days would be

Answers

Answer:

12.5 g

Explanation:

Nuclear half-life,  

t

1/2

, is the amount of time required for a quantity of a radioactive material to fall to half its value as measured at the beginning of the time period.

Final answer:

Iodine-131 is a radioactive isotope with a half-life of 8 days. After 32 days, or four half-lives, the original 200 gram sample of iodine-131 would decay leaving only 12.5 grams of the radioactive isotope.

Explanation:

The subject of your question falls under Physics, particularly in the area of nuclear chemistry, where we study radioactivity and nuclear decay. In your case, you're talking about Iodine-131, a radioactive isotope with a half-life of 8 days.

The half-life concept means that, in a given time period, half of the initial sample would have decayed. Here, you have an initial amount of 200 grams, and after four half-lives (since 32 days is 4 times the half-life of 8 days), only 1/16th of the original sample is undecayed because the material halves each time (1/2 after 1 half-life, 1/4 after 2 half-lives, 1/8 after 3 half-lives, and so forth).

Accordingly, after 32 days, or four half-lives, 200 grams of Iodine-131 would reduce to 200/16 = 12.5 grams.

Learn more about Half-life here:

https://brainly.com/question/24710827

#SPJ3

** will mark you brainliest **

When 0.5 g of powdered iron (III) oxide was added to 100 cm3 of hydrogen peroxide, water and oxygen were produced. Iron (III) oxide was not used up in the reaction. Based on the information, which of the following is likely to increase the rate formation of the products?

A. Replacing the powdered iron oxide with its cubical crystals

B. Using 150 cm3 of hydrogen peroxide

C. Removing iron oxide from the reaction mixture

D. Using 1.0 gram of iron oxide

Answers

Its B. Using 150 cm3 of hydrogen peroxide

The answer is B because when you calculate it you will get the same amount of hydrogen peroxide.

Good luck,!

What is required for a chemical reaction to occur?

Answers

Answer:

In order to a chemical reaction to occur it is necessary that the reactants collide with enough energy and with the right orientation.

Explanation:

The conditions for a chemical reaction to occur are explained by the collision theory.

The collision must provide enough energy to overcome the energy barrier called activation energy.

If the energy of the collision is less than the activation energy then the bonds of the reactants will not be broken and the reactants will not be transformed into other substances (products).

Also, to brake the  bonds of the reactants and form the new ones of the transition state (intermediate compound known as activated complex), it is needed that the atoms of one molecule hit the right atoms of the other molecule, this is the collision must have the appropriate orientation to yield the products.

Can y’all help me solve these three questions on my review packet?

Answers

Answer:

12.

Infrared has the lower frequency while visible light has a higher frequency.

13.

As = 33

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p³

K = 19

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s¹

Sr = 38

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s²

Kr = 36

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶

14. SEE ATTACHED PICTURE

Explanation:

12. The relationship between wavelength and frequency can be seen in the equations:

[tex]F=\dfrac{c}{\lambda}[/tex] and [tex]\lambda=\dfrac{c}{F}[/tex]  

Where:

λ = wavelength

F = frequency

c = constant (speed of light)

As you can see that they are indirectly proportional. So as the frequency increases, the wavelength decreases and vis-a-vis.

13. Electronic configuration of an element can be determined using the pattern attached. It determines the electronic structure of an atom.  Remember:  

s subshell holds 2 electrons

p subshell holds 6 electrons

d subshell holds 10 electrons

f subshell holds 14 electrons

You know when to stop when the number of electrons sum up to the atomic number (which is the number of protons) in a stable atom.  

As = 33

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p³ (Stop here because the electrons sum up to 33)

K = 19

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s¹

Sr = 38

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s²

Kr = 36

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶

14. Lewis Dot symbol represents how many valence electrons an atom has. You can determine the Lewis Dot Structure also based on the electronic configuration of the element by adding up the number of electrons there are in the highest energy level. The energy level is indicated by the numerical coefficient.

S = 16

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 33p⁴

Notice that the highest energy level that appears here is 3, so add up the number of electrons.  

2 + 4 = 6 (This is how many valence electrons Sulfur (S) has.)

So we draw the symbol of Sulfur and put three dots around it.  

C = 6  

1s² 22p²  

2 + 2 = 4

Sr = 38

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5

2 valence electrons (Because there are only 2 electrons in the 5th energy level)

*Fe = 26

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d⁶

2 valence electrons (Because there are only 2 electrons in the 4th energy level)

Al = 13  1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 33

2 + 1 = 3

*Note: Fe or Iron is a transition metal. Technically, 3d in this case is a higher energy level. However, when it comes to Lewis dot structure, d and f shells that are not filled are usually omitted, so it will follow the 4s.  Generally when putting dots around we follow the sequence of the X element shown in the attached file.                                  

If 89.6 joules of heat 20.0 grams of iron from 30.0 C to 40.0 C, what is the specific heat of the iron in J/g.C?

Answers

Answer:

 

H = m c ΔT  

89.6 J = (20.0 g) × c × (40.0 - 30.0)°C  

Specific heat of iron, c = 89.6 / [20.0 × (40.0 - 30.0)] J/(g°C) = 0.448 J/(g°C)

If 89.6 joules of heat 20.0 grams of iron from 30.0 C to 40.0 C, then the specific heat of the iron in J/g. degree C is 0.448 J/g. degree C.

How do we calculate the specific heat?

The formula which we used to calculate the amount of specific heat of any substance involved in a chemical reaction is:

Q = mcΔT, where

Q = absorbed heat = 89.6 Jm = mass = 20gc = specific heat = ?ΔT = change in temperature = 40 - 30 = 10 degree C

On putting all these values, we get

c = 89.6 / (20)(10) = 0.448 J/g. degree C

Hence, 0.448 J/g. degree C is the specific heat of iron.

To know more about specific heat, visit the below link:

https://brainly.com/question/20350197

#SPJ2

What is the oxidation state of nitrogen in nano2

Answers

Answer:

Therefore, the oxidation state of N in NaNO₂ is +3

Explanation:

Problem: calculating the oxidation state of nitrogen N in NaNO₂

let us denote the oxidation number of Nitrogen as N:

We know from the periodic table that Na has an oxidation number of +1 i.e it will readily want to lose 1 electron so as to complete its octet.

Oxygen is known to have an oxidation number of -2

Summation of the oxidation number of each atoms is 0 for neutral compound.

Therefore to calculate the oxidation state of Nitrogen in NaNO₂, we express as:

                              +1 + N + (-2 x 2) = 0

                                1 + N = 4

                                 N = 4-1 = +3

Therefore, the oxidation state of N in NaNO₂ is +3

If you were given two transparent liquids how would you determine which is pure and which is salt water

Answers

Based off the salt levels in each water.

In an acid-base neutralization reaction 38.74 ml of 0.500 m potassium hydroxide reacts with 50.00 ml of sulfuric acid solution. What is the concentration of the h2so4 solution?

Answers

Answer:

0.2 M.

Explanation:

For the acid-base neutralization, we have the role:

The no. of millimoles of acid is equal to that of the base at the neutralization.

∴ (XMV) KOH = (XMV) H₂SO₄.

X is the no. of reproducible H⁺ (for acid) or OH⁻ (for base),

M is the molarity.

V is the volume.

For KOH:

X = 1, M = 0.5 M, V = 38.74 mL.

For H₂SO₄:

X = 2, M = ??? M, V = 50.0 mL.

∴ M of H₂SO₄ = (XMV) KOH/(XV) H₂SO₄ = (1)(0.5 M)(38.74 mL)/(2)(50.0 mL) = 0.1937 M ≅ 0.2 M.

Final answer:

The concentration of the sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in the solution is 0.1937 M, as calculated by using the balanced chemical equation for the reaction, the stoichiometric ratio of the reactants, and the principle of molarity.

Explanation:

The student is asking about an acid-base neutralization reaction involving a known volume and concentration of potassium hydroxide reacting with a known volume but an unknown concentration of sulfuric acid. The goal is to calculate the concentration of the sulfuric acid.

To answer this, we first need to know that the balanced chemical equation for this reaction is: H2SO4 + 2KOH -> K2SO4 + 2H2O. According to this stoichiometry, it takes one molecule of sulfuric acid to neutralize two molecules of potassium hydroxide. Therefore, the moles of potassium hydroxide is 0.01937 mol (calculated by volume (in liters) multiplied by molarity).

Based on the stoichiometric ratio, the required moles of sulfuric acid to the given moles of potassium hydroxide is 0.009685 mol. We can then calculate the concentration of H2SO4 by dividing this value by its volume (in liters): 0.009685 mol / 0.05 L = 0.1937 M.

Learn more about Calculating concentration in acid-base reactions here:

https://brainly.com/question/35084241

#SPJ3

Select the atoms that belong to the same element

Answers

Answer:Top Right and Bottom Right.

Explanation:

Proton's define an elements Identity

Answer: The atoms which belong to the same element are atom 2 and atom 5.

Explanation:

Elements are identified by their atomic numbers.

Atomic number is defined as the number of protons or number of electrons that are present in an element.

Atomic number = Number of protons = Number of electrons

Two atoms having same number of protons will belong to same element.

From the given image, atom 2 and atom 5 have same number of protons which are 11.

Thus, both the atoms belong to same element.

Hence, the correct answer is atom 2 and atom 5.

What is another name of a chain of amino acids

Answers

Answer:

Amino acids are the structural units (monomers) that make up proteins. They join together to form short polymer chains called peptides or longer chains called either polypeptides or proteins.

Explanation:

These polymers are linear and unbranched, with each amino acid within the chain attached to two neighboring amino acids.

A protein is made up of one or more polypeptide chains are chains of amino acids, whose sequence is encoded by a gene.

What is protein ?

A structure composed of amino acids. The body need proteins to operate correctly. They serve as the building blocks for several bodily components, including the skin, hair, and enzymes, cytokines, and antibodies.

These amino acids are arranged in a long chain and joined to one another by covalent peptide bonds to form proteins. Consequently, polypeptides are another name for proteins.

The substances known as amino acids, or the "building blocks of proteins," serve a variety of vital functions in your body.

Thus, protein is made up of one or more polypeptide chains are chains of amino acids, whose sequence is encoded by a gene.

To learn more about protein, follow the link;

https://brainly.com/question/2193769

#SPJ5

Polonium (Po) decays by alpha emission. What will be the mass number of the new atom produced by the alpha decay of Po?

Answers

Final answer:

The mass number of the new atom produced by the alpha decay of Polonium (Po) will decrease by 4, as an alpha particle (consisting of 2 protons and 2 neutrons) is emitted.

Explanation:

The mass number of a new atom produced by the alpha decay of Polonium (Po) will be reduced by 4. This is because during alpha decay, an atom emits an alpha particle, which consists of 2 protons and 2 neutrons, equivalent to a helium-4 nucleus. Therefore, the subtraction of these particles from the parent atom result in a decrease in the mass number by 4.

For example, if we consider Polonium-209 undergoing alpha decay, we use the subtraction method (209 - 4 = 205) to determine the mass number of the resulting atom, which in this case would be Lead-205 (Pb-205). This is consistent with the general pattern observed in radioactive decay of heavy nuclei.

Which half-reaction correctly represents reduction?
A) Ag -> Ag+ + e–
B) F2 -> 2 F– + 2e–
C) Au3+ + 3e– -> Au
D) Fe2+ + e– -> Fe3+

Answers

Answer choice C. Reduction has its electrons as a reactant.

The half-reaction that is correctly represents reduction is Au₃⁺ + 3e– -> Au. The correct option is C.

What is half-reactions?

The half-reaction is an oxidation and reduction reaction of a redox reaction. It can be either oxidation or reduction. The half-reaction occurs due to change in oxidation state of a reactant.

An example is Zn Cu galvanic cell.

Thus, the correct option is C) Au3+ + 3e– -> Au.

Learn more about half-reactions

https://brainly.com/question/10668307

#SPJ2

The molar mass of an element is the mass of one

Answers

Answer:

The molar mass of an element is the mass of one mole of atoms of the element.

Explanation:

The molar mass of an element is its atomic mass, i.e.  the mass in grams of one mole of atoms of the element.

Remember 1 mol is approximately 6.022 × 10²³.

So, 1 mol of atoms is 6.022 × 10²³ atoms.

The molar mass is an average: it is the weighted average mass of the natural isotopes of the element, taking into account their relative abundance.

For example, the molar mass or atomic mass of carbon is 12,0107 g/mol, instead of 12.0000, becasue carbon exists in several forms (isotopes), and so the weighted average is not a whole number.

How much heat is released when 105 g of steam at 100.0°C is cooled to ice at -15.0°C? The enthalpy of vaporization of water is 40.67 kJ/mol, the enthalpy of fusion for water is 6.01 kJ/mol, the molar heat capacity of liquid water is 75.4 J/(mol • °C), and the molar heat capacity of ice is 36.4 J/(mol • °C).

Answers

Final answer:

To determine the amount of heat released when cooling 105 g of steam at 100.0°C to ice at -15.0°C, we calculate the heat released during condensation, cooling of water, freezing, and further cooling of ice to the final temperature, totaling 319.4 kJ of heat released.

Explanation:

To calculate the total heat released when 105 g of steam at 100.0°C is cooled to ice at -15.0°C, we will break down the process into several steps and calculate the heat change for each step. The molecular weight of water (H2O) is approximately 18 g/mol, so the number of moles of water in 105 g is 105 g / 18 g/mol = 5.83 mol.

First, steam is condensed to liquid water at 100.0°C. The heat released is calculated using the enthalpy of vaporization: Heat = number of moles × enthalpy of vaporization = 5.83 mol × 40.67 kJ/mol = 237.3 kJ.Next, the liquid water is cooled from 100.0°C to 0°C. The heat released is: Heat = number of moles × heat capacity of liquid water × temperature change = 5.83 mol × 75.4 J/mol°C × 100°C = 43.9 kJ.Then, the liquid water is frozen at 0°C. The heat released during freezing is: Heat = number of moles × enthalpy of fusion = 5.83 mol × 6.01 kJ/mol = 35.0 kJ.Finally, the ice is cooled from 0°C to -15.0°C. The heat released is: Heat = number of moles × heat capacity of ice × temperature change = 5.83 mol × 36.4 J/mol°C × 15°C = 3.2 kJ.

The total heat released during the whole process is the sum of heat released in each step: 237.3 kJ + 43.9 kJ + 35.0 kJ + 3.2 kJ = 319.4 kJ.

How would the measured ph of the diluted material compare to the ph of the original undiluted sample?

Answers

Answer:

It would become more neutral when diluted

Explanation:

Assuming you dilute it with water, the more diluted the substance, the more neutral (and closer to 7), it would be. Ie straight lemon juice is more acidic than lemonade, which is more acidic than water. I hope this helps :)

Final answer:

The pH of a diluted sample would usually be higher than that of the undiluted original, due to the lesser concentration of hydrogen ions in the diluted sample. During titration, there are three main states - initial, pre-equivalence and post-equivalence - and the pH behaves differently in each of these states.

Explanation:

The measured pH of a diluted sample would be higher compared to the pH of the original undiluted sample. This is because when a solution is diluted, it has a lower concentration of hydrogen ions (H+), which means it is less acidic and in turn, has a higher pH.

In the initial state, the pH is determined by the acid being titrated. If you have two samples that are equally concentrated; a weaker acid will have a higher initial pH compared to a stronger one.

At the pre-equivalence point (where the volume of added titrant is between 0 and 25 mL), the solution’s pH increases gradually as the acid reacts with added titrant. The observed solution will include unreacted acid and its reaction product, its conjugate base. At the equivalence point one observes a drastic rise in pH as the transition happens from acidic to either neutral (for strong acid sample) or basic (for weak acid sample).

Post-equivalence, the pH is determined by the amount of excess strong base titrant added. Similarly with the increase in volume of the added titrant (> 25 mL), you would notice that the titration curves of the two samples will look quite similar.

Learn more about pH measurement here:

https://brainly.com/question/29766400

#SPJ2

Hydrocarbons that have one or more double or triple bonds are _____.

A. unsaturated
B. saturated
C. aromatic
D. substituted

Answers

Answer:

A. Aromatic

Explanation:

Answer: A. unsaturated

Explanation:

Saturated hydrocarbons are defined as the hydrocarbons in which a single bond is present between carbon and carbon atoms. The general formula for these hydrocarbons is [tex]C_nH_{2n+2}[/tex]

Unsaturated hydrocarbons are defined as the hydrocarbons which have double or triple covalent C-C bonds. They are known as alkenes and alkynes respectively. The general formula for these hydrocarbons is [tex]C_nH_{2n}[/tex] and [tex]C_nH_{2n-2}[/tex]

Aromatic hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which Huckel's rule [tex](2n+2)\pi[/tex] is obeyed. Example: Benzene

Substituted hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which hydrogen is replaced by some other element. Example: [tex]CH_3Cl[/tex]

1. Criminal profiling assigns crimes as one of two kinds. If a criminal profiler was looking at a case that involved a sophisticated crime ring that was responsible for a string of high-end robberies over the course of two decades, which type of crimes would these be classified as?

Forensic

Behavioral

Organized

Disorganized

2. Profilers are trained that certain psychological disorders tend to arise and peak during certain decades of life.

True
False

Answers

Answer:

So, for 1 I am most certain it has to be Organized so C. And for 2 that would be true if my brain isn't failing me- I hope this helps!

Explanation:

Answer: 1. Organized

2. True

Explanation:

1. An organized crime can be define as the crime which is committed by planning. In this crime generally the group of criminals or criminal uses same modus operandi (habit, planning, rule to commit crime).

The given example of crimes is the organized crime. This is because a sophisticated crime ring was found associated with many robberies. Hence, this can be said that similar modus-operandi is involved.

2. The profilers are those who are occupational criminals. They are trained with the fact that psychological disorders so as to defend themselves when they are caught red handed while committing crimes. They pose an evidence of their unstable or unsound mind.

Green plants use light from the sun to drive photosynthesis. photosynthesis is a chemical reaction in which water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) chemically react to form the simple sugar glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen gas (O2). What mass of water is consumed by the reaction of 7.3 g of carbon dioxide?

Answers

Answer:

Mass of H₂O is 3.0g

Explanation:

The reaction equation is given as:

        6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

Parameters that are known:

Mass of CO₂ used = 7.3g

Unknown: mass of water consumed = ?

Solution

To solve this kind of problem, we simply apply some mole concept relationships.

First, we work from the known to the unknown. From the problem, we have 7.3g of CO₂ that was used. We can find the number of moles from this value using the expression below:

        Number of moles of CO₂ =  [tex]\frac{mass}{molar mass}[/tex]

From this number of moles of CO₂, we can use the balanced equation to relate the number of moles of CO₂ to that of H₂O:

       6 moles of CO₂ reacted with 6 moles of H₂O(1:1)

We can then use the mole relationship with mass to find the unknown.

Workings

>>>>     Number of moles of CO₂ =?

          Molar mass of CO₂ :

              Atomic mass of C = 12g

               Atomic mass of O = 16g

        Molar mass of CO₂ = 12 + (2 x16) = 44gmol⁻¹

     Number of moles of CO₂ = [tex]\frac{7.3}{44}[/tex] = 0.166moles

>>>>>>   if 6 moles of CO₂ reacted with 6 moles of H₂O, then 0.166moles of CO₂ would produce 0.166moles of H₂O

>>>>>> Mass of water consumed = number of mole of H₂O x molar mass

             Mass of H₂0 = 0.166 x ?

Molar mass of H₂O:

                 Atomic mass of H = 1g

                 Atomic mass of O = 16

 Molar mass of H₂O = (2x1) + 16 = 18gmol⁻¹

Mass of H₂O = 0.166 x 18 = 3.0g

Answer:

The mass of water when it is reacted with [tex]7.3[/tex]g of carbon dioxide is [tex]3[/tex]g.

Explanation:

Given:

Green plants use light from the sun to drive photosynthesis.

sugar glucose:

[tex](C_6H_1_2O_6)[/tex]

oxygen gas:

[tex](O_2)[/tex]

Step 1:

To find the mass of water is consumed by the reaction of [tex]7.3[/tex] g of carbon dioxide

Let,

Mass of water consumed = number of mole of [tex]H_{2} O[/tex] x molar mass

First we have to find molar mass,so

Number of moles of [tex]CO_{2}[/tex][tex]=\frac{mass}{molarmass}[/tex]

Molar mass of [tex]CO_{2}[/tex]

Atomic mass = g

Molar mass

= [tex]12 + (2 x16)[/tex]

[tex]=44gmol^{-1}[/tex]

Therefore,Number of moles of

[tex]$\mathrm{CO}_{2}=\frac{7.3}{44}[/tex]

[tex]=0.166 \mathrm}$[/tex]moles

Step 2:

Now we have to find,

Molar mass of [tex]$\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$[/tex]

Atomic mass of [tex]{H\mathrm $}=1 \mathrm{~g}$[/tex]

Atomic mass of [tex]$O=16$[/tex]

Molar mass of

[tex]$\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}=(2 \times 1)+16[/tex]

[tex]=18 \mathrm{gmol}^{-1}$[/tex]

Step 3:

Substitute in the formula,

Mass of [tex]H_{2}O[/tex] = [tex]0.166[/tex]x [tex]18[/tex] = [tex]3.0[/tex]g

Learn more about photosynthesis and chemical reaction,

https://brainly.com/question/9498584

https://brainly.com/question/18310066

Na2O How many atoms of each element are in this compound? A. 2 sodium atoms and 1 oxygen atom B. 2 sodium atoms and 2 oxygen atoms C.1 sodium atoms and 1 oxygen atoms D.1 sodium atom and 2 oxygen atoms

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

There are 2 sodium atoms and 1 oxygen atom.

In Na2O, there are 2 sodium atoms and 1 oxygen atom, as indicated by the chemical formula, which represents a 2:1 ratio of sodium to oxygen with an overall neutral charge.

The compound Na2O consists of two elements: sodium (Na) and oxygen (O). According to the chemical formula, for every one unit of this compound, there are two sodium atoms and one oxygen atom. This is because the subscript '2' next to Na in the formula indicates there are two sodium atoms, while the absence of a number next to O implies there is one oxygen atom. Hence, in the compound Na2O, the ratio of sodium to oxygen atoms is 2:1, which is due to the need for the number of electrons lost by sodium (each Na atom loses one electron) to equal the number of electrons gained by oxygen (the O atom gains two electrons) and ensure the compound has an overall neutral charge. Therefore, the correct answer is A: 2 sodium atoms and 1 oxygen atom.

Which statement best describes the electronegativity of an element?
A.
Electronegativity of an atom is its ability to lose electrons during cation formation.
B.
Electronegativity of an atom is its ability to share electrons during a covalent bond formation.
C.
Electronegativity of an atom is its ability to gain electrons during anion formation.
D.
Electronegativity of an atom is its ability to produce energy while losing an electron.
E.
Electronegativity of an atom is its ability to attract electrons during bond formation.

Answers

Answer: The correct answer is Option E.

Explanation:

Electronegativity is the chemical property of an element. This is defined as the tendency of an atom to attract the shared pair of electrons towards itself when a bond is formed.

This property of an atom increases as we move from left to right in a period because the number of charge on the nucleus increases.

But this property decreases as we move from top to bottom in a group because electrons get added up in the new shells which make it further far away from the nucleus.

Thus, the correct answer is Option E.

What is the molar mass of MgCl2? Report your answer to the nearest 0.1 g/mol.

Answers

Answer:

95.2 g/mol

Explanation:

To calculate the molar mass of MgCl2

We have to separately see the molar masses of Magnesium and Chlorine

Molar mass of Magnesium: 24.305 g/mol

Molar mass of Chlorine: 35.453 g/mol

As there are two atoms of chlorine in the said molecule so the molar mass of chlorine will be multiplied by 2.

35.453*2 = 70.906 g/mol

So the total molar mass of the said molecule = Molar mass of Mg + Molar mass of two atoms of chlorine

= 24.305 + 70.906

=95.211 g/mol

Rounding off to .1

95.2 g/mol

The molar mass of magnesium chloride (MgCl₂) is calculated by summing the molar mass of magnesium (24.31 g/mol) with twice the molar mass of chlorine (35.45 g/mol for each Cl), resulting in 95.21 g/mol.

The molar mass of magnesium chloride (MgCl₂) can be calculated by adding the molar masses of magnesium (Mg) and chlorine (Cl) in the compound. Magnesium has a molar mass of 24.31 g/mol, and since there are two chlorine atoms in MgCl₂, we must consider the molar mass of Cl (approximately 35.45 g/mol) twice.

Thus, the molar mass of MgCl₂ is calculated as:

24.31 g/mol (for Mg) + 2 * 35.45 g/mol (for Cl) = 95.21 g/mol.

Therefore, the molar mass of MgCl₂ is 95.21 g/mol, which we would report to the nearest 0.1 g/mol as required.

Which compound is bonded covalently? A.KF B.MgS C.BeO D.SO2

Answers

Answer:

SO2 is bonded covalently

Explanation:

Atoms that share electrons in a chemical bond have covalent bonds.

Acetylene gas, c2h2 is used for welding. a 5 liter supply of acetylene being stored at -23 °c, exerts a pressure of 5 atm. at what temperature would the same number of moles of acetylene, moved to a 10 liter container, produce a pressure of 2 atm

Answers

Answer:

T₂(°C) = 200 K = - 73°C.

Explanation:

We can use the general law of ideal gas: PV = nRT.

where, P is the pressure of the gas in atm.

V is the volume of the gas in L.

n is the no. of moles of the gas in mol.

R  is the general gas constant,

T is the temperature of the gas in K.

If n is constant, and have different values of P, V and T:

(P₁V₁T₂) = (P₂V₂T₁)

Knowing that:

P₁ = 5.0 atm, V₁ = 5.0 L, T₁ = -23°C + 273 = 250 K,

P₂ = 2.0 atm, V₂ = 10.0 L, T₂ = ??? K,

Applying in the above equation

(P₁V₁T₂) = (P₂V₂T₁)

∴ T₂ = (P₂V₂T₁)/(P₁V₁) = (2.0 atm)(10.0 L)(250 K)/(5.0 atm)(5.0 L) = 200 K.

∴ T₂(°C) = 200 K - 273 = - 73°C.

The temperature at which the same number of moles of acetylene gas will produce a pressure of 2 atm in a 10-liter container is approximately -73.15°C.

Based on the given data, initially, the acetylene gas is stored at -23°C (which is 250.15 K), in a 5-liter container, exerting a pressure of 5 atm.

Step-by-Step Solution:

1. Using the combined gas laws, the formula is:

(P₁ * V₁) / T₁ = (P₂ * V₂) / T₂

2. Substitute the known values into the formula:

(5 atm * 5 L) / 250.15 K = (2 atm * 10 L) / T₂

3. Simplify and solve for T₂:

T₂ = (2 atm * 10 L) * 250.15 K / (5 atm * 5 L)T₂ = 10000 / (25)T₂ = 200 K

4. Convert the temperature back to Celsius:

T₂ = 200 K - 273.15T₂ ≈ -73.15°C

Jeff used an equal arm balance to weigh a 4.312 g sample of sodium chloride. Which of these measurements made by Jeff is the most accurate? (5 points) 4.5 g 4.1 g 4.2 g 4.3 g

Answers

Answer:

4.3.

Explanation:

Measurements that are close to the known value are said to be accurate, whereas measurements that are close to each other are said to be precise.The most closest measurement to the known value is 4.3 g.So, the right choice is: 4.3 g.

Answer: The most accurate measurement made by Jeff is 4.3 g

Explanation:

Accuracy is defined as the closeness of a measured value to a standard or known value.

For Example: If the mass of a substance is 58 kg and one person weighed 57 kg and another person weighed 60 kg. Then, the weight measured by first person is more accurate.

We are given:

Mass of the sample = 4.312 g

So, the measurement close to 4.312 grams will be the accurate value.

Hence, the most accurate measurement made by Jeff is 4.3 g

What should one avoid if they are suffering from acid reflux (too much acid in the body)? (Choose all that apply)

Tomato juice

Black coffee

Lemon juice

Orange juice

Answers

Answer:

- Tomato juice

- Lemon juice

- Orange juice

Explanation:

If someone is suffering from acidic reflux then it would be for the best if that person avoids food and drinks that can contribute to even higher acidic content in that person's organism. The easiest way to know what should be avoided is to get informed about the Vitamin C content of the foods and drinks. The fruits in general are something that should be avoided in this kind of circumstances, especially the tomatoes, lemons, and oranges, as they are highly acidic, so any products from them, especially in the form of juice, should be avoided.

The viscosity of polymers __________ as the cross-linking increases within the polymer.


A)
increases


B)
decreases


C)
multiples


D)
stays the same

Answers

Answer:

The viscosity of polymers A) increases as the cross-linking increases within the polymer.

Explanation:

A cross-linking increases the viscosity of the polymer. Cross-link is the bond that links properly, one polymer to other. The viscosity is highly increased because it connects the separate gel polymers together and tightly.

As cross-linker links the polymer together so the actual molecular weight of the polymer is increased, which significantly increases the viscous property of the element. Not only viscosity, the cross linking also increases the strength of the compound.

Final answer:

The viscosity of water decreases as temperature increases due to molecular interactions. Chain entanglement affects polymer viscosity, and increased cross-linking in polymers results in increased viscosity.

Explanation:

B. As temperature increases, the viscosity of water decreases due to changes in molecular interactions. When temperature rises, the kinetic energy of the water molecules increases, causing them to move faster and disrupt the intermolecular forces, leading to decreased viscosity.

Chain entanglement is another factor affecting viscosity in polymers. When polymer chains are entangled, the viscosity of the solution increases due to the resistance encountered as the chains move. However, at very high rates of shear strain, where entanglements aren't formed, viscosity doesn't increase as expected.

In the case of polymers with increased cross-linking, the viscosity will increase as the rotational motion within the polymer decreases, requiring more energy to overcome the restrictions, ultimately leading to higher transitional temperatures.

Urgent 25 points!!
Amanda was asked to make a solution of salt water using 32.0 grams of NaCl and 0.75 Liter of water. Amanda realized that first, she needed to find the number of moles there are in 32 grams of NaCl. She set up the following calculation to find the number of moles of NaCl.

32.0 g NaCl x 1 mole NaCl = 0.55 moles of NaCl

58.45 g NaCl

A. Did Amanda find the number of moles of NaCl correctly? If not, explain.

B. What does Amanda need to do next to calculate the molarity of the NaCl solution? Show your work for full credit.

Answers

Answer:

A. Yes, Amanda find the number of moles of NaCl correctly.

B. 0.73 M.

Explanation:

A. Did Amanda find the number of moles of NaCl correctly? If not, explain.

Yes, Amanda find the number of moles of NaCl correctly.The relation to find the no. of moles of NaCl is:

No. of moles (n) of NaCl = mass/molar mass.

mass of NaCl = 32.0 g, molar mass of NaCl = 58.45 g/mol.

∴ No. of moles (n) of NaCl = mass/molar mass = (32.0 g)/(58.45 g/mol) = (32.0 g NaCl)*(1 mol of NaCl)/(58.45 g NaCl) = 0.547 mol ≅ 0.55 mol.

B. What does Amanda need to do next to calculate the molarity of the NaCl solution? Show your work for full credit.

Molarity is the no. of moles of solute dissolved in a 1.0 liter of a solution.

∴ M = (no. of moles of NaCl)/(volume of solution (L)) = (0.55 mol)/(0.75 L) = 0.73 M.

s it possible for several scientists who have never met each other to contribute to the same scientific knowledge, theory, or law?

Explain your answer. (4 points)

Answers

Answer:

Yes

Explanation:

People in the same scientific field quickly come to know one another because they publish the same sort of articles in journals that are dedicated to their field.

Their experiments and findings are immediately understood by others reading the journal. Its a case of news travels fast, especially when the news is known to everyone.

#15 fill in the following table regarding ions

Answers

Answer:

[tex]P^{3-}[/tex]         Anion      Gained 3         18          

[tex]Sr^{2+}[/tex]       Cation      Lost    2          36

[tex]Fe^{3+}[/tex]       Cation     Lost    3          23

Explanation:

Looking at the ionic notation, the negative symbol (-) indicates that there are more electrons than protons and the positive symbol (+) indicates that there are more protons than electrons.

The number tells you how many was gained or lost.

To determine how many electrons are left, you base this off how many protons there are. The number of protons in an atom is expressed by the atomic number. In a stable atom, you have an equal number of protons and electrons.

Ions occur when electrons are gained or lost.

A cation is positively charged because it LOST an electron. Since there are more protons than electrons, the charge would be positive.

An anion is negatively charged because it gained an electron. Since there are more electrons than protons, the charge would be negative.

Using the explanation above, you can see how the answers were obtained. As for the last column, just use basic math to do this.

The atomic number of Phosphorus (P) is 15, so this means that there are 15 protons. Since it gained 3 electrons, just add 3 to 15:

15 + 3 = 18

Sr has an atomic number 38. Since it lost 2 electrons, just subtract 2 from the atomic number.

38-2 = 36

Fe has an atomic number 26. It lost 3 electrons, so we subtract again.

26-3 = 23

Other Questions
When the cell engulfs large fragments of matter, it is called _____. Select all that apply. endocytosis exocytosis pinocytosis phagocytosis Acceleration is a vector quantity ANSWER THIS QUESTION FAST PLEASE!!!!!!!! Ten people became sick with the flu after attending a school dance. What is the scenario that would best explain how the people got sick?A. contact with environmental sourcesB. Contact with an infected animalC. Contact with a contaminated objectD. Contact with an infected person Chords DB and MN intersect at the center of circle MBND. Which is the measure of the minor arc DM Select the correct answer from each drop down menuThe 4 drop down options for each one are as follows, Perpetual, effusive, idle, trifling Kim and ken are trying to earn at least $400 to buy a mountain bike. Kim earns $7 per hour as a youth counselor at camp. Ken earns $5 per hour mowing lawns. Let x = Kim's hours and y = Ken's hours. If ken works 40 hours, what is the least number of hours that ken will need to work to meet their goal? El __________ era muy grande. Nos baamos e hicimos piragismo por varias horas. What is the answer to 4x-x The graph of y = tan (x / 2) compared to the graph of y = tan x has:moved / 2 units leftmoved / 2 units downmoved / 2 units upmoved / 2 units right Two poles are located 3.2m apart. A wire links the tops of the two poles. Find the length of the wire if the poles are 3.8m and 6m in height. (one decimal place) which of the following isnot a valid FICO credit store need HELP!!!31. Which of the following is not true about RNA?A) it is single strandedB) it has 4 nitrogenous basesC) it has a ribose sugarD) it has thymine instead of uracilE) it helps make proteins greatest common factor of 117 and 19,110? PLEASE HELP!!!! 25 POINTS!!!!! I NEED THIS ASAP!!!!!! 1) Select the equations that are equivalent to the equation y-4=5(x+2). Select all that apply. A) y=2x+5 B) y=5x+14C) 5x-y=-14D) 2x+y=142) Which of the following represents an equation of a line with a slope of 5 and a y-intercept of 1?A) y=5x+1B) y=5x-5C) x-5y=-5D) y= -1/5x+1 What does host John green blame for start of world war 1 why did Orpheus look back at Eurydice A.) She was calling to him. B.) he wanted to make sure she was still following him. C.) The fates told him to. D.) he was tricked by the boatman. sorry, I accidently put the subject in history, it's actually english. Please help me out with this Which could be the area of one face of the rectangular prism?Check all that apply What were members of the womens social and political union called? Steam Workshop Downloader