The vapor pressure of water above a solution prepared by dissolving glycerin in water at 343K is equal to the vapor pressure of pure water at the same temperature, which is 233.7 Torr, as glycerin is nonvolatile.
Explanation:In this problem, we're asked to calculate the vapor pressure of water above a solution of glycerin in water. The key concept here is Raoult's Law, which states that the vapor pressure of a solvent above a solution (in this case water) is directly proportional to the mole fraction of that solvent in the solution.
Glycerin (C3H8O3) is essentially nonvolatile, meaning it does not contribute to the vapor pressure. Therefore, the vapor pressure of the solvent (water) is not altered by the addition of the glycerin. Essentially, the vapor pressure of the water in the solution is the same as the vapor pressure of pure water at the same temperature.
The given vapor pressure of pure water at 343 K is 233.7 Torr. Hence, the vapor pressure of water above the solution prepared by dissolving 28.5 g of glycerin in 135 g of water at the same temperature is also 233.7 Torr.
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The vapor pressure of water above a solution containing 28.5 g of glycerin and 135 g of water at 343 K is calculated using Raoult's Law. The resulting vapor pressure is 224.352 torr.
Calculation of Vapor Pressure
To calculate the vapor pressure of water above a solution containing 28.5 g of glycerin ([tex]C_3H_8O_3[/tex]) and 135 g of water at 343 K, we use Raoult's Law.
Molar mass of glycerin ([tex]C_3H_8O_3[/tex]) = 3(12.01) + 8(1.008) + 3(16.00) = 92.094 g/mol
Moles of glycerin =
28.5 g / 92.094 g/mol = 0.309 moles
Molar mass of water (H2O) = 2(1.008) + 16.00 = 18.016 g/mol
Moles of water =
135 g / 18.016 g/mol = 7.495 moles
Mole fraction of water ([tex]X_{water[/tex]) = moles of water / (moles of water + moles of glycerin)
[tex]X_{water[/tex] = 7.495 moles / (7.495 + 0.309) = 0.960
Use Raoult's Law to find the vapor pressure of the solution.Raoult's Law:
[tex]P_{solution[/tex]= [tex]X_{water[/tex]* [tex]P_{water[/tex]
[tex]P_{solution[/tex]= 0.960 * 233.7 torr = 224.352 torr
Therefore, the vapor pressure of water above the solution at 343 K is 224.352 torr.
Is the ccl3– molecule polar or nonpolar? the molecule is nonpolar if the net molecular dipole moment is zero. the molecule is polar if the net molecular dipole moment is not zero?
A mass of gas has a volume of 4 m3, a temperature of 290 K, and an absolute pressure of 475 kPa. When the gas is allowed to expand to 6.5 m3, its new temperature is 277 K. What's the absolute pressure of the gas after expansion?
A. 104.1 kPa
B. 293.9 kPa
C. 279.2 kPa
D. 178.5 kPa
To solve this we assume that the gas is an ideal gas. Then, we can use the ideal gas equation which is expressed as PV = nRT. At number of moles the value of PV/T is equal to some constant. At another set of condition of temperature, the constant is still the same. Calculations are as follows:
P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
P2 = P1 (V1) (T2) / (T1) (V2)
P2 = 475 kPa (4 m^3) (277 K) / (290 K) (6.5 m^3)
P2 = 279.20 kPa
Therefore, the changes in the temperature and the volume lead to a change in the pressure of the system which is from 475 kPa to 279.20 kPa. So, there is a decrease in the pressure.
Write a balanced equation for the decomposition of tnt. assume that, upon explosion, tnt decomposes into n2(g),co2(g),h2o(g), and c(s):
The balanced chemical equation for the decomposition of TNT into nitrogen gas, water vapor, carbon dioxide, and solid carbon is: 2 C7H5N3O6(s) → 3 N2(g) + 5 H2O(g) + 7 CO(g) + 7C(s). This reaction is exothermic, meaning it releases energy.
Explanation:The decomposition of TNT (trinitrotoluene) can be represented by a balanced chemical equation that includes solid carbon (C) as one of the products, along with gaseous nitrogen (N2), carbon dioxide (CO2), and water vapor (H2O). The balanced equation is derived by ensuring that the number of atoms for each element is equal on both sides of the reaction. The balanced equation for TNT decomposition is:
2 C7H5N3O6(s) → 3 N2(g) + 5 H2O(g) + 7 CO(g) + 7C(s)
This reaction is exothermic, releasing energy upon explosion. However, it is important to note that the real decomposition of TNT can be more complex, and the products can vary depending on the conditions. For simplicity, this equation assumes that all the carbon is converted to solid carbon, not carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide which could also be formed.
What are the atomic number and mass number for the carbon isotope with seven neutrons? express your answer as integers separated by a comma. z, a =?
The atomic number and mass number for the carbon isotope with seven neutrons are 6 and 13, respectively.
Explanation:The atomic number and mass number for the carbon isotope with seven neutrons can be determined using the information given. The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of protons in its nucleus, which for carbon is always 6. The mass number is the sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus, so for carbon with seven neutrons, the mass number is 13. Therefore, the atomic number and mass number for the carbon isotope with seven neutrons are 6 and 13, respectively.
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Which is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction of nitrogen (n2) with oxygen (o2) to form no?
Final answer:
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between molecular nitrogen (N₂) and oxygen (O₂) to form nitrogen monoxide (NO) is N₂(g) + O₂(g) → 2 NO(g). It ensures there is an equal number of nitrogen and oxygen atoms on both sides of the equation.
Explanation:
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of molecular nitrogen (N₂) with oxygen (O₂) to form nitrogen monoxide (NO) is:
N₂(g) + O₂(g) → 2 NO(g)
Each molecule of nitrogen monoxide consists of one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom. To balance the chemical equation, we must have equal numbers of each type of atom on either side of the arrow. Since we start with two nitrogen atoms on the left, we need two nitrogen atoms on the right, which means we'll need two NO molecules. The same logic applies to oxygen, therefore we need only one O₂ molecule to balance the two oxygen atoms needed to produce the two NO molecules. Thus, the equation is balanced with one N₂, one O₂, and two NO molecules.
A generic salt, ab2, has a molar mass of 169 g/mol and a solubility of 1.10 g/l at 25 °c. what is the ksp of this salt at 25 °c?
A certain compound is made up of two chlorine atoms, one carbon atom, and one oxygen atom. what is the chemical formula of this compound? express your answer as a chemical formula.
Answer: The chemical formula for the compound is [tex]COCl_2[/tex]
Explanation:
A chemical compound which is formed by the combination of carbon, oxygen and chlorine atoms.
We are given:
Number of carbon atoms in the compound = 1
Number of oxygen atoms in the compound = 1
Number of chlorine atoms in the compound = 2
The chemical formula for the compound will be [tex]COCl_2[/tex]. The chemical name for the given compound is phosgene.
Hence, the compound is [tex]COCl_2[/tex]
An atom of the element iron has an atomic number of 26 and an atomic mass number of 56. if it is neutral, how many protons, neutrons, and electrons does it have?
Answer:
26 protons, 26 electrons, 30 neutrons
Explanation:
Let P = protons, N = neutrons, E = electrons
The mass number of an atom is the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the atom.
The number of neutrons is the difference between the mass and atomic numbers of the atom
Therefore, 56 = P + N
where N = 56 - 26
N = 30
That means the number of neutrons is 30
To find P, 56 = P + N, N being 30
56 is now P + 30
56 = P + 30
56 - 30 = P
P = 26
Now, for an atom in its neutral state, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons
Therefore, E is also 26
Calculate the energy of one photon of yellow light that has a wavelength of 589 nm
Identify the molecule with the strongest intermolecular force
HF
HCl
Hl
HBr
Which type of solid consists of atoms or molecules held together by dipole-dipole forces, london disperson forces, and/or hydrogen bonds? ionic molecular metallic covalent-network metallic and covalent-network?
List 2 of the important properties of gases.
Which statement is true when considering color in a fiber?
the color is measured using an FTIR
the color depends upon the lighting source
the color is always a result of a pigment in all fibers
there are very few color dyes that can be used for fibers
none of the above are true
The true statement about color in a fiber is that the color depends upon the lighting source, because fibers absorb some wavelengths of light and reflect others. Different illumination can change the perceived color of the fiber.
Explanation:The statement 'the color depends upon the lighting source' is true when considering color in a fiber. The true color of an object, including fibers, is defined by its absorptive or reflective characteristics, which is how the object interacts with various wavelengths of light. When an object is illuminated by white light (a mixture of all visible wavelengths), it reflects some wavelengths while absorbing others; the reflected wavelengths determine the color we perceive. If illuminated by colored light, the object can appear a different color. For example, under pure red light, a blue object will appear black because it absorbs the red light. Furthermore, the color of fibers is not always a result of pigments as structural coloration also exists, and there is a wide variety of dyes that can be used for fibers, not just a few.
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What is the difference between electron configuration and valence electron configuration?
Answer:
The diagonal rule states that electrons fill orbitals in order of increasing "quantum number sum" (n + ℓ). When two orbitals share the same "quantum number sum", they will be filled in order of increasing n.
Explanation:The electrons in an atom fill up its atomic orbitals according to the Aufbau Principle; "Aufbau," in German, means "building up." The Aufbau Principle, which incorporates the Pauli Exclusion Principle and Hund's Rule prescribes a few simple rules to determine the order in which electrons fill atomic orbitals:
Electrons always fill orbitals of lower energy first. 1s is filled before 2s, and 2s before 2p.
The Pauli Exclusion Principle states no two electrons within a particular atom can have identical quantum numbers. In function, this principle means that if two electrons occupy the same orbital, they must have opposite spin.
Hund's Rule states that when an electron joins an atom and has to choose between two or more orbitals of the same energy, the electron will prefer to enter an empty orbital rather than one already occupied. As more electrons are added to the atom, these electrons tend to half-fill orbitals of the same energy before pairing with existing electrons to fill orbitals.
Valence Electrons:
The outermost orbital shell of an atom is called its valence shell, and the electrons in the valence shell are valence electrons. Valence electrons are the highest energy electrons in an atom and are therefore the most reactive. While inner electrons (those not in the valence shell) typically don't participate in chemical bonding and reactions, valence electrons can be gained, lost, or shared to form chemical bonds. For this reason, elements with the same number of valence electrons tend to have similar chemical properties, since they tend to gain, lose, or share valence electrons in the same way. The Periodic Table was designed with this feature in mind. Each element has a number of valence electrons equal to its group number on the Periodic Table.
Hydrofluoric acid, hf(aq), cannot be stored in glass bottles because compounds called silicates in the glass are attacked by the hf(aq). sodium silicate (na2sio3), for example, reacts as shown below. na2sio3(s) + 8 hf(aq) h2sif6(aq) + 2 naf(aq) + 3 h2o(l) (a) how many moles of hf are needed to react with 0.340 mol of na2sio3?
2.72 moles of HF are needed to react with 0.340 mol of Na₂SiO₃ based on the balanced chemical equation.
To determine how many moles of HF are needed to react with 0.340 mol of Na₂SiO₃, we need to look at the balanced chemical equation:
Na₂SiO₃(s) + 8 HF(aq) -> H₂SiF₆(aq) + 2 NaF(aq) + 3 H₂O(l)
The balanced equation shows that 1 mole of Na₂SiO₃ reacts with 8 moles of HF. Therefore, to find the moles of HF needed for 0.340 mol of Na₂SiO₃, we use the ratio:
(0.340 mol Na₂SiO₃) * (8 mol HF / 1 mol Na₂SiO₃) = 2.72 mol HF
Therefore, 2.72 moles of HF are needed to react with 0.340 mol of Na₂SiO₃.
A compound has a percent composition of 40.0% carbon , 6.72% hydrogen , and 53.28% oxygen . If it's molar mass is 180 g/mol , what is its molecular formula ?
Final answer:
To find the molecular formula of a compound with a given percent composition and molar mass, we first determine the empirical formula based on the moles ratio of elements. Then, by comparing the molar mass of the empirical formula to the given molar mass, we identify the molecular formula as C6H12O6 (glucose).
Explanation:
The question asks for the molecular formula of a compound with a known percent composition and molar mass. First, we calculate the empirical formula using the percent composition by assuming a 100g sample, thus directly converting percentages to grams. Then, we divide the masses by the molar mass of each element to get the mole ratio. Finally, we find the molecular formula by relating the empirical formula mass to the given molar mass of the compound.
Step 1: Calculate moles based on percent composition
Carbon (C): 40.0g, determining moles as 40.0g / 12.01g/mol = 3.33 moles
Hydrogen (H): 6.72g, determining moles as 6.72g / 1.01g/mol = 6.65 moles
Oxygen (O): 53.28g, determining moles as 53.28g / 16.00g/mol = 3.33 moles
Step 2: Determine the empirical formula
The moles ratio for C:H:O roughly simplifies to Int(1):2:1, indicating the empirical formula CH2O.
Step 3: Determine the molecular formula
The molar mass of the empirical formula (CH2O) is 30 g/mol. Since the compound's molar mass is given as 180 g/mol, this suggests the molecular formula contains six times the number of atoms in the empirical formula, making it C6H12O6, which is the molecular formula for glucose.
If gas particles start colliding with the walls of their metallic container with increased force, what is their direct effect
higher gas pressure
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Two isotopes of the same element will have the same _____ but a different ____. mass number, atomic number. atomic number, mass number. atomic mass, mass number. mass number, atomic mass.
Answer: The correct answer is atomic number, mass number.
Explanation:
Isotopes are defined as the chemical species which have same number of protons but differ in the number of neutrons.
It can also be said that they are the chemical species of the same element which have same atomic number but have different mass number.
For Example: [tex]_6^{12}\textrm{C}\text{ and }_6^{14}\textrm{C}[/tex] are the isotopes of carbon element, which have same atomic number but different mass number.
Hence, the correct answer is atomic number, mass number.
Based on its location on the periodic table, which element would be most likely to form a negative ion?
A. Aluminum (Al)
B. Copper (Cu)
C. Sodium (Na)
D. Fluorine (F)
The correct answer among the choices would be:
D. Fluorine (F)
Among all the elements, fluorine is the most electronegative element. Electronegativity refers to the measure of tendency of an electron to be attracted to that element. Since Fluorine is very electronegative, it can easily absorb the electrons of other elements. Since it sucks up electron, this gives Fluorine an excess electron thus making it a negative ion F-.
Answer: Bromine (Br)
Explanation:
a family from minnesota turns off the heat and flies to florida for a winter holiday. when they come home, all of their water pipes have burst. what do you think happened?
The volume of solid ice is greater than the volume of water. In winter in the absence of heat water in the pipe freezes, as ice takes greater space to fit in than water, the pipe burst in winter in the absence of heating.
Freezing of water is an exothermic process (heat is released by the system into the surrounding) where as melting of ice is an endothermic process (heat is absorbed by the system from the surrounding). If the heat was on it would prevent ice formation in the pipes.
The water pipes burst due to the expansion of water in them.
Water behaves in an anomalous manner. While most substances expand when heated and contract when cooled, water begins to expand at 4°C.
As a result of this, solid water is less dense than liquid water because it has more volume than liquid water.
Since solid water has more volume compared to liquid water, the pipes may no longer be able to contain the expanding water which has turned to ice leading to the bursting of the water pipes.
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What is emitted when the radioactive nucleus of 131 53i decays to form the stable isotope of xenon 131 54xe?
Final answer:
In the decay of iodine-131 to xenon-131, a beta particle and gamma rays are emitted as the nucleus transitions from an unstable to a stable state.
Explanation:
When the radioactive nucleus of iodine-131 (131I_53) decays, it emits a beta particle (an electron, β) and transforms into an unstable form of xenon-131 (131Xe_54m), which is then followed by a gamma decay. The gamma decay involves the emission of gamma rays as the nucleus transitions from its excited state (131Xe_54m) to its ground state, resulting in a stable isotope of xenon-131 (131Xe_54). This process can be written as follows:
131I_53 → 131Xe_54m + β-This type of decay is common in nuclear reactions and is one method of radioactive decay wherein unstable nuclei transition to a more stable form.
What mass of carbon dioxide (co2) can be produced from 15.6 g of c6h14 and excess oxygen?
Answer: The mass of carbon dioxide produced is 46.7 grams.
Explanation:
To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:
[tex]\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}[/tex] .....(1)
Given mass of hexane = 15.6
Molar mass of hexane = 88.2 g/mol
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
[tex]\text{Moles of hexane}=\frac{15.6g}{88.2g/mol}=0.177mol[/tex]
The chemical equation for the combustion of hexane follows:
[tex]2C_6H_{14}+19O_2\rightarrow 12CO_2+14H_2O[/tex]
As, oxygen gas is present in excess, it is considered as an excess reagent.
Thus, hexane is considered as a limiting reagent because it limits the formation of product
By Stoichiometry of the reaction:
2 moles of hexane produces 12 moles of carbon dioxide
So, 0.177 moles of hexane will produce = [tex]\frac{12}{2}\times 0.177=1.062mol[/tex] of carbon dioxide
Now, calculating the mass of carbon dioxide by using equation 1:
Molar mass of carbon dioxide = 44 g/mol
Moles of carbon dioxide = 1.062 moles
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
[tex]1.062mol=\frac{\text{Mass of carbon dioxide}}{44g/mol}\\\\\text{Mass of carbon dioxide}=(1.062mol\times 44g/mol)=46.7g[/tex]
Hence, the mass of carbon dioxide produced is 46.7 grams.
Which answer provides the correct name for name the following hydrocarbon?
Moving left to right: A hydrocarbon chain made of a methyl group (CH subscript three) single bond carbon triple bond carbon single bond CH bonded to a methyl group (CH subscript three) and a chain including a methelyne group (CH subscript two) single bond methyl group (CH subscript three) .
4-ethyl-2-pentyne
4-methyl-2-hexyne
2-heptyne
4-methy-hexane
Answer : The correct option is, 4-methyl-2-hexyne
Explanation :
The rules for naming of alkyne are :
First select the longest possible carbon chain. The longest possible carbon chain should include the carbons of triple bonds. The naming of alkyne by adding the suffix -yne. The numbering is done in such a way that first carbon of triple bond gets the lowest number. The carbon atoms of the triple bond get the preference over the other substituents present in the parent chain. If two or more similar alkyl groups are present in a compound, the words di-, tri-, tetra- and so on are used to specify the number of times of the alkyl groups in the chain.According to the given information, the name of the hydrocarbon is, 4-methyl-2-hexyne.
The structure of given compound is shown below.
The hydrocarbon described in the question, a chain with methyl groups (CH3) at either end and a carbon-carbon triple bond in the middle, is named as 4-methyl-2-hexyne.
The structure you've provided corresponds to the hydrocarbon named as
4-methyl-2-hexyne
. This hydrocarbon has two methyl groups (CH
3
) at the ends of the main carbon chain, and in the middle, it includes a carbon-carbon triple bond as suggested by '-yne' ending. The placement of the methyl group is at the 4th position as the counting starts from the end of the chain closer to the triple bond.
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How is the mass number of an isotope expressed in the name of an atom?
The mass number of an isotope is expressed in the name of an atom by placing it after the element's name, separated by a hyphen. For example, Carbon-12.
Explanation:The mass number of an isotope is represented in the name of an atom by placing it after the element's name, separated by a hyphen. For example, carbon with a mass number of 12 is represented as Carbon-12.
This mass number represents the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. As isotopes of an element have the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons, the mass number differentiates one isotope from another. So, Carbon-12 and Carbon-14 are two isotopes of the Carbon element.
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The molality of a solution that is made by dissolving a certain mass of benzene in 20.6 g of carbon tetrachloride is 0.529 m. How many moles of benzene were dissolved?
Answer:
0.0109 mol
Explanation:
Took the exam.
Isotopes of an element have the same number of ________ and different numbers of ________. neutrons... protons protons... neutrons electrons...protons protons...electrons
Which of these statements is most likely correct about a weak nuclear force?
It binds electrons and protons
It binds protons and neutrons
it is an attractive force
It is a repulsive force
Answer: It binds protons and neutrons
Explanation: Nuclear forces are that kind of forces of attraction which binds the nucleons around the nucleus.
Nucleons are the particles present in the nucleus . Thus protons and neutrons are known as Nucleons.
Protons are positively charged particle and neutrons are neutral in nature and they both experience almost identical forces of attraction.
What does a periodic trend look like on the periodic table?
A periodic trend on the periodic table is represented by a repeating pattern
Calculate the mass (in ng) of 2.33 x 1020 atoms of oxygen.
Answer:
[tex]6.19*10}^{6}[/tex] g of Oxygen
Explanation:
In order to answer the question the Avogadro´s number is needed:
Avogadro´s number = [tex]6.022*10^{23}[/tex][tex]mol^{-1}[/tex]
Calculate the mass using the Avogadro´s number:
[tex]2.33*10^{20}atomsO*\frac{1molO}{6.022*10^{23}atomsO}*\frac{16gO}{1molO}*\frac{1*10^{9}g}{1g}=6.19*10}^{6}[/tex] g of Oxygen
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Which property describes an acid but not a base?
dissociates into ions in solution
---------reacts with pure metals
tastes bitter
can change the color of plant-based dyes
I think it is the second choice but I'm unsure...