Consider a cell in which one of the proteins or enzymes involved in dna replication is altered in a way that results in an increased rate of single-base changes in the newly synthesized dna strand. which function of which protein is most likely disrupted in this situation?

Answers

Answer 1
Increased rate of single-base changes in the newly synthesized DNA strand may be due to the MUTATION IN THE PROOF-READING ACTIVITY OF DNA POLYMERASE ENZYME.

DNA polymerase enzyme is responsible for adding the nucleotides complementary to the old strand. It is a very specific enzyme that works with precision. It has a proof reading activity that allows correct addition of nucleotides.
Answer 2

Final answer:

A mutation in DNA ligase is likely responsible for the impaired joining of Okazaki fragments, as this enzyme seals the nicks between these fragments during DNA replication.

Explanation:

If you isolate a cell strain in which the joining of Okazaki fragments is impaired, it is most likely that a mutation has occurred in DNA ligase. DNA ligase is the enzyme responsible for sealing the nicks between adjoining Okazaki fragments, effectively joining them into a continuous DNA strand on the lagging strand during DNA replication. An alteration or mutation in DNA ligase can interrupt this ligation process, resulting in Okazaki fragments that remain unattached to one another, which can lead to an increased rate of single-base changes or instability in the newly synthesized DNA.

It is also worth noting that if the mutation alters the proofreading function of the DNA polymerase complex, the cell would accumulate mutations as this function is crucial for correcting errors made during DNA replication. In Escherichia coli, the main DNA polymerase with proofreading capability is DNA polymerase III. The absence of the sliding clamp, which maintains the association of DNA polymerase with the DNA, would reduce the efficiency and accuracy of DNA replication.


Related Questions

How is sickle cell trait defined and diagnosed.

Answers

Sickle cell trait is a passed down blood disorder and usually affects an individual with a sickle cell trait which means that he or she carries or has passed down a single copy of the gene that causes sickle cell disease.

A toothpick found in a pizza is an example of what type of contamination

Answers

A tooth pick found in a pizza is an example of PHYSICAL CONTAMINATION.
When it comes to food preparation, there are three types of food contamination, these are physical, chemical and biological contamination.
A physical contaminant is anything that is seen in food and is not part of that food. Example of this if hair or toothpick found in food. Chemical contaminants refer to chemicals which are mistakenly added to food while biological contaminants refers to microbes which are introduced into food.

A toothpick in a pizza represents contamination by adulteration with foreign bodies, with foreign bodies referring to non-food substances that contaminate food. This type of contamination can pose a physical hazard to consumers.

A toothpick found in a pizza is an example of adulteration by foreign bodies, which is one type of food contamination. Foreign bodies are substances or particles that are not meant to be in food. This can include a variety of items such as metal fragments, glass, wood splinters (like toothpicks), bone fragments, and plastic pieces.

Adulteration with foreign bodies can occur at any point in the food preparation and service chain, from production to serving. In the specific case of a soup container forgotten in the refrigerator showing contamination, the contaminants are likely from microbial growth due to spoilage rather than cross-contamination, which is when food becomes contaminated by microbes from another food.

Seattle and bangkok are linked because of _____

Answers

Answer: Trade

Explanation:

Seattle and bangkok are linked because of trade.

What is seattle ?

A metropolis on Puget Sound in the Pacific Northwest, Seattle has thousands of acres of parkland and is surrounded by water, mountains, and evergreen woods. The largest city in Washington State is also the location of a sizable tech sector, including the corporate headquarters of . Its most famous feature is the futuristic Space Needle, a holdover from the 1962 World's Fair.

Seattle is the capital city of the U.S. state of Washington, the seat of King County since 1853, the largest city in the Pacific Northwest, and one of the biggest and wealthiest urban centres in the country.

Seattle, Washington, has a cost of living that is both 36% and 54% higher than the state and national averages. Seattle, WA housing costs are 114% higher than national averages.

Thus, Seattle and bangkok are linked because of trade.

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A certain virus infects one in every 400 people. a test used to detect the virus in a person is positive 80% of the time if the person has the virus and 8% of the time if the person does not have the virus.

Answers

A certain virus infects one in every 200 people. A test used to detect the virus in a person is positive 90% of the time if the person has the virus and 5% of the time if the person does not have the virus. (This 5% result is called a false positive.) Let A be the event "the person is infected" and B be the event "the person tests positive". 

What advantage does giving birth in the harshest part of winter give to the grey seal pups?

Answers

Grey seals breed in habitats where disturbance is kept to a minimal, like rocky shores, ice flows and islands. They feed on cold open waters. When pups are given birth in early winter or late autumn, their skins are white with yellowish tint. They are relatively helpless and rely on their mother's milk for the first few weeks after birth. They deposit a thick layer of blubber that will protect and allow them to adapt to the cold to sustain them when they will hunt for themselves. 

Answer:

The grey seals are found in the shores of the Atlantic Ocean. They breed in several colonies on and near the coast. They exhibit coloration of blackish to whitish specks. The males are darker in skin color than in females. The pups are born with yellow and white tint. A thick layer of skin called as blubber develops around the skin of the new ones which helps in providing them with insulation against the cold atmosphere.

Is the Answer C? Which of the following best explains how subcellular organelles interact to form polypeptides? Lysosomes catalyze chemical reactions that join amino acids on the endoplasmic reticulum. Mitochondria produce ATP that is used by ribosomes for transcription and translation in the nucleus. mRNA is synthesized from DNA in the nucleus and then goes to the cytoplasm, where a ribosome translates it. Ribosomes translate rRNA into proteins on the endoplasmic reticulum and send them to the Golgi complex for processing.

Answers

Polypeptides are just actually proteins which are unfolded. And so we ask how are proteins made? Remember that we learned about DNA being transcribed to mRNA, and then those mRNA's 3-letter codons are being translated by ribosomes into a polypeptide chain, and then finally folded into a protein. So yes, the answer is C.

Squirrels and chipmunks compete for the same food source. What is most likely to happen to the degree of competition between these two species if their food became scarce? decrease increase stay the same disappear
help please

Answers

Answer: Increase

According to the competitive exclusion principle, when two or more species in an ecosystem are competing for the same resource. The one which has undergone favorable adaptation and more competing will be likely to derive those resource than the one which has not undergone adaptation or less adaptive to the environment and less competing. Squirrels and chipmunks compete for the same food source and this food source became scare one of the two species is likely to disappear according to the competitive exclusion principle because the degree of competition between two species will increase.

Answer:

Increase

Explanation:

Two species who depend on the same food, gets negatively impacted by the presence of each other. Both the species have limited food supply for survival. In case if the food becomes further scarce, the competition between the two species shall rise tremendously in lieu to the limitation of essentials for survival. Thus, Resources on which individuals depends must be in sufficient amount

The hormone found only in pregnant women that, when detected, confirms pregnancy is

Answers

Human chorionic gonadotropin hormone (hCG)

This hormone is produced by a woman only during pregnancy and is responsible for "pregnancy symptoms," such as vomiting and nausea.

It is primarily produced by the placenta shortly after the dividing fertilized egg cell (embryo) attaches or implants itself into the uterine lining (endometrium). This occurs a few days after the woman has conceived. 

A compound with only two atoms would not have what?

A.) Chemical structure
B.) Chemical bond
C.) Bond length
D.) Bond angle

Answers

It is D) bond angle

Chronically high cortisol levels can be harmful to an individual by:

Answers

High levels of cortisol can affect sleep; even if you sleep well, you will still feel fatigued. Another problem is weight gain, especially in the abdominal area. This problem alone can raise blood pressure levels, but high levels of cortisol with only cause your pressure to go higher, leading to a higher risk of heart attack and stroke. Anxiety and depression can also occur due to high levels of cortisol.

Hector is back from his morning run and is feeling lightheaded because his energy is depleted. Which food item will provide him with a quick source of carbohydrates?

Answers

To replenish his energy quickly, Hector can eat an apple for a source of carbohydrates.

It is a good source of simple carbohydrates, providing about 20 grams of carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are essential for fueling the brain and muscles, especially during exercise.

Which term refers to the relative amounts of fat and lean tissue in the body?

Answers

Hey there,
The answer to your question is Body Composition
Body composition also determines leanness 

Hope this helps :))

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Body composition refers to the term that refers to the  relative amounts of

fat and lean tissue in the body

Body composition refers to the amount of fats, bone, water and lean

tissue(muscles) in the body. It is often used to calculate the weight of an

individual.

Body composition is also used by Doctors to determine if a person is healthy or not as the percentage of fat in the body mass will help to determine that.

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Difference between species evenness and species richness

Answers

Species evenness refers to how close in numbers each species in an environment is
(So if there are 40 foxes, and 1000 dogs, the community is not very even.)


Species richness is the number of different species represented in an ecological community, landscape or region. Species richness is simply a count of species, and it does not take into account the abundances of the species or their relative abundance distributions.
species richness is related to species diversity 

species evenness refers to how close in numbers each species in an environment are. 

Mastering biology use the completed punnett square in part b to answer the questions below about the f2 generation. answer each question in the table by dragging the correct label to the appropriate location. labels can be used once, more than once, or not at all. hints 0 164 2764 12

Answers

1) The probability of F2 seed chosen at random will be yellow is the same as asking about the probability of forming a yellow seed in that generation. The answer is 3/4 (75%) because 1/4 = 25% GG is homozygous dominant and the rest 2/4 = 50% Gg are heterozygous.

2) In the F2 generation there are two genotypes that will breed true, which is homozygotic genotypes: GG and gg. But of these two, only one of them is yellow. The answer is 1/3 because from all the yellow seeds that resulted (GG, Gg and gG) only one has the genotype for true breeding.

3) The probability of taking out three seeds in which a least one is yellow can be calculated by subtracting the only  probability that doesn't fit the criterion, which is taking out a green seed 3 times: [tex] \frac{1}{4} * \frac{1}{4} * \frac{1}{4} [/tex]  = 1/64.
 Then substract that to 1 [tex]1- \frac{1}{64}[/tex] = [tex] \frac{63}{64} [/tex]

4) there are three possible groupings in which the green is taken once and the yellow seeds taken twice. The first possibility (follow the example) is the green being the first to come out, another possibility is being the second and the last possibility is being taken in the third time.
For example, Green yellow yellow- probability :
[tex] \frac{1}{4} * \frac{3}{4} * \frac{3}{4} [/tex] = 9/64

This is one possibily, but since there are 3, multiply it by 3 and you obtain the final answer:27/64.





everything underv said is good

The nurse is preparing a client for a colonoscopy. the nurse is familiar with the colonoscopy procedures at the hospital and is aware that which type of anesthesia is commonly used for this procedure?

Answers

The nurse is aware that the type of anesthesia used for colonoscopies it intravenous sedation, sometimes referred to as conscious sedation. The types of medications used in this type of anesthesia allows for relaxation, decreased discomfort and often has amnesic properties as well. This moderate sedation is closely monitored to make sure that the patient's respirations remain adequate.
Final answer:

Conscious sedation is often used for colonoscopy procedures. This form of anesthesia allows patients to be in a relaxed and painless state while still being able to breathe independently. Recovery time is typically quick with a lesser degree of side effects compared to general anesthesia.

Explanation:

In respect to colonoscopy procedures, a type of anesthesia often utilized is called conscious sedation. Unlike general anesthesia, which wholly knocks out a patient, conscious sedation dampens pain responses and can make the patient feel as though they are in a deep sleep. It provides a balance where the patient is relaxed and comfortable but breathing independently without the need for anesthesiologist control for respiration as necessitated in general anesthesia.

Patients under conscious sedation can generally follow some simple commands and respond to physical stimulation. In most cases, they also have a swift recovery time and a lack of side effects frequently linked with general anesthesia. This type of anesthesia is common in many outpatient procedures including colonoscopies.

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An undeveloped prefrontal cortex can be responsible for _____ in young children.

Answers

The answer is impulsiveness

During adolescence, a condition where the body parts grow unevenly is known as _____.

Answers

This condition is known as asynchrony.

what is the foundation for the different climates around the world

Answers

Hi Andy Its Nick From Your Science Class,And I Dont Know

The sound of the old man's heart most likely symbolizes ____________.

Answers

If this is talking about Edgar Alan Poe's Tell-Tale Heart poem then the beating heart would symbolize the narrator's guilt or sense of wrong doing

The sound of the old man's heart most likely symbolizes narrator is tormented by the sound of his own heart beating.

What is sound?

Sound is defined as a vibration that travels through a transmission medium, such as a gas, liquid, or solid, as an acoustic wave.

It can also be defined as a mechanical disturbance that spreads through an elastic material medium and disrupts an equilibrium condition.

Sound is crucial because it engages viewers, aids in information delivery, boosts production value, elicits emotional reactions, highlights what's on screen, and is utilized to convey mood.

Amplitude, wavelength, period, frequency, and speed or velocity are the five properties of sound.

To prevent the transfer of sound energy from one environment to another, assembly materials are separated also known as decoupled.

Thus, the sound of the old man's heart most likely symbolizes narrator is tormented by the sound of his own heart beating.

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What causes deposition of sand at a delta

Answers

when the sand hits the still water it sinks, because there is not enough current

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The shallow depression between folds on the surface of the brain is called

Answers

The answer is Sulci

Final answer:

The shallow depression between the folds on the brain's surface is called a sulcus, and these grooves, along with ridges called gyri, increase the brain's surface area.

Explanation:

The shallow depression between folds on the surface of the brain is called a sulcus. The cerebral cortex is characterized by its distinctive pattern of raised ridges called gyri (singular: gyrus) and grooves known as sulci (singular: sulcus). These features help to increase the surface area of the brain, which allows for more gray matter to fit within the cranial cavity. Large sulci are sometimes referred to as fissures, with the most prominent being the longitudinal fissure that divides the brain into the left and right hemispheres. These patterns of folds (gyri) and grooves (sulci) are similar in everyone's brain, as they develop during embryonic growth. Using these landmarks, the cerebral cortex can be divided into major functional regions or lobes.

Which vitamin is synthesized in the body with the help of sunlight?

Answers

Hello there,
The answer to your question is Vitamin D

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How are chemical equations of photosynthesis and cellular respiration similar or different ?

Answers

The chemical equations of photosynthesis and cellular respirations are similar because the equations are opposite from each other.

Final answer:

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are opposite processes that form the carbon-oxygen cycle, with the former producing glucose and oxygen, and the latter using these compounds to release energy. Both involve similar cellular features, such as electron transport chains and ATP generation.

Explanation:

The chemical equations of photosynthesis and cellular respiration are similar in that they are essentially the opposite of each other. Photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy and produces glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (O2) as its products. Cellular respiration, in contrast, uses glucose and oxygen to release stored energy, producing carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) as waste products. This creates a cycle where the products of one process become the reactants of the other, known as the carbon-oxygen cycle.

Additionally, both processes share similarities in cellular features and processes, including the use of electron transport chains and the generation of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). In this cycle, the mitochondria are involved in cellular respiration, while chloroplasts are involved in photosynthesis.

What cell part is described as flattened membrane sacs and tubes that are believed to be centers for collecting and packaging cell structures and enzymes?

cell wall
mitochondria
chloroplasts
cytoplasm
Golgi complex
endoplasmic reticulum

Answers

Its the Golgi complex, located near the nucleus. 

the answer is golgi complex

When grapefruit juice is consumed regularly, inhibition can persist up to ____ after the last glass?

Answers

When grapefruit juice is consumed regularly, inhibition can persist up to 3 days after the last glass so its important not to drink too much or it can really make your body feel uncomfortable.

Where does a nurse expect to hear bronchovesicular lung sounds in a healthy adult?

Answers

During the examination of a patient suffering with a lung or respiratory disease, a nurse is expected to hear different types of sounds coming from different parts of the lungs. The sound can be crackled, broken, high-pitched, medium-pitched, etc.
A nurse is expected to hear a bronchovesicular lung sound NEAR THE STERNAL BORDER in a healthy adult.

Bronchovesicular lung sounds are normally heard over the major bronchi between the first and second intercostal spaces anteriorly and between the scapulae. During auscultation, a nurse uses a stethoscope, after cleaning it and positioning appropriately, to listen for these healthy lung sounds in a patient.

A nurse expects to hear bronchovesicular lung sounds in a healthy adult between the trachea and the upper part of the lungs near the spine. These sounds represent the medium pitch breath sounds that emanate from the larger airways, where the sounds of air moving through the bronchial tree and alveoli are approximately equal. During the process of auscultation, the nurse uses a stethoscope to listen to lung sounds. Specific areas where bronchovesicular sounds are typically heard are over the major bronchi, usually between the first and second intercostal spaces anteriorly near the sternum, and between the scapulae (shoulder blades).

The auscultation starts by ensuring that the equipment is clean and ready. The stethoscope earpieces are rotated slightly anterior, and with the diaphragm positioned on the triangle of auscultation, an area medial to the inferior angle of the scapula, the nurse listens for these normal lung sounds.

A group of cnidarians that provide food and shelter for many kinds of animals are the ____.

A. jellyfish
B. hydras
C. Sea anemones
D. corals

Answers

A group of cnidarians that provide food and shelter for many kinds of animals are the ( D. Corals )

Answer: D=corals

Explanation:I JUST TOOK THE TEST!!

What factors are examined by the field of demography? check all that apply. birth and death rates in a population population size predator-prey interactions distribution of ages in a population?

Answers

Birth and death rates are studied, population size is calculated, and the age distribution is also studied. Demography deals with the overall study of how we, as humans, are spread out in an area, a country, or the world. It also concerns vital statistics such as birth and death rates of a population.

Answer:

age, ethnic groups, income level and religious practices

Explanation:

Describe how human activities threaten polar bears in the arctic

Answers

Humans have contributed to the destruction of polar bear's home. Due to climate change which is being accelerated by humans, the polar bears habitat is melting. This give the polar bears less opportunities to hunt since they hunt on ice not water. In short humans are destroying their home and food opportunities.

Greenhouses are used to allow plants to grow during winter months. How does a greenhouse increase the growth of plants?

Answers

It helps with the plants health. The glass traps the heat.

Answer:

It increases the energy available to plants.

Explanation:

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