A protostar, an early stage of stellar evolution, does not always become a star. It depends on the mass of the protostar. Protostars with enough mass become stars by successfully starting nuclear fusion, while those with lower mass may become brown dwarfs.
Explanation:In the field of Astronomy, a protostar refers to the early stage of stellar evolution, a dense area in a molecular cloud where a star begins to form. Not all protostars successfully become stars. The evolution of a protostar into a star is largely dependent on the mass of the protostar. If the protostar has enough mass, it will continue to condense and heat up until it begins nuclear fusion, and officially becomes a star. If the protostar doesn't have enough mass, it may instead become a brown dwarf - a type of sub-stellar object that is too low in mass to sustain nuclear fusion in its core.
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Not all protostars become stars. Protostars with enough mass ignite nuclear fusion of hydrogen and become main sequence stars, while lower mass protostars that can't sustain hydrogen fusion become brown dwarfs, a category between planets and stars.
Explanation:In the context of stellar evolution, not all protostars necessarily become stars in the traditional sense. Protostars are essentially young stars in the process of formation, a phase that sees impressive contraction and accumulation of dust and gas from their environment. This process notably generates heat and infrared radiation. However, the endpoint of a protostar's journey relies much on its mass.
If the protostar accretes enough matter to increase its core temperature and trigger nuclear fusion of hydrogen, it successfully becomes a main sequence star which is commonly referred to as a 'star'. In fact, our very own Sun went through this stellar development path. Otherwise, if a protostar lacks sufficient mass to instigate hydrogen fusion, it ends up becoming a 'failed star' known as a brown dwarf. Brown dwarfs are objects that straddle the line between planet and star, with some characteristics of both.
To elaborate, as a protostar collapses under its own gravity, it radiates away its heat, shrinking and becoming denser until its core becomes hot enough to trigger nuclear fusion, turning hydrogen into helium. If the mass is there, this fusion process will continue, and a star is born. If the mass isn't sufficient, nuclear fusion won't occur and thus, a brown dwarf is formed.
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What is the best definition of ETS reactions
A. A set of reactions that is used to create alcoholic beverages from grains
B. A set of tract that occurs in muscle cells when oxygen is absent
C. A set of reactions that is the primary route of ATP production in cells
D. A set of reactions that uses oxygen to break down glucose into purification acid
For our statistical definition of entropy, we use the equation S = klnW. In this equation, what does k represent?
The entropy is the measure of change in the thermal energy of a system and K in the formula represents Boltzmann constant.
What is Entropy?Entropy is the measure of a system's thermal energy per unit of the temperature which is unavailable for doing any useful work. Because, work is obtained from the ordered molecular motion of the object, the amount of entropy is a measure of the molecular disorder, or the randomness of a system.
The entropy can be calculated by the formula:
S = klnW
where, k is the Boltzmann constant per molecule (particle), which is equal to 1.38 × 10⁻²³J/(K. particle). And, from this equation the entropy change of the object, ΔS, for a system can be related to the change in the number of microstates which is represented as:
ΔS = kln (Wfinal-Winitial)
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If a rocket is propelled while in space, is the momentum of the rocket itself (not including the exhaust products) conserved?
No, momentum of the rocket itself will not be conserved as the net external force on the rocket itself is not zero.
Further explanation
When a rocket leaves the ground they need a huge amount of thrust to lift off from the ground. This is not an easy task to lift off from the ground due to the heavy weight of the rocket. Generally Liquid fuels are used as a propellant in the rocket.
Given:
A rocket is propelled in the space.
Concept:
The logic behind the momentum conservation is Newton’s third law.
A force is defined as the rate of change of momentum with respect to time.
Mathematically,
[tex]\boxed{\vec F = \dfrac{{d\vec p}}{{dt}}}[/tex]
If net external force on a particle is zero, the rate of change of momentum will be zero so momentum will be constant.
[tex]\vec p = {\text{constant}}[/tex]
Thus, we can say momentum will be conserved. One point should be noticed that momentum is a vector quantity so vector sum is used while summing together momentum of two or more bodies.
Now for an isolated system, net external force on an isolated system is zero; therefore momentum is conserved for an isolated system.
When exhaust gases leaves the engine downward with a very high velocity, it exerts a reaction force on the rocket in upward direction. The action and reactions are equal in magnitude but the direction is opposite to each other. So if we consider rocket and exhaust gases as a system net force on the system will be zero and momentum will be conserved for (rocket+exhaust) system.
But if rocket itself is taken as a system, a reaction force (say N) acts on the rocket in upward direction which is responsible for lift off the rocket, therefore momentum cannot be conserved.
Thus, the momentum of the rocket itself will not be conserved as the net external force on the rocket itself is not zero.
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Answer Details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Physics
Chapter: Laws of motion
Keywords:
Rocket, propelled, space, momentum, not, conserved, reaction, upward, direction, balanced, force on rocket, launch, exhaust gas, rocket propulsion, momentum conservation.
A sample of an unknown liquid has a volume of 12.0 mL and a mass of 6 g. What is its density? Show your work or explain how you determined this value
Answer:
Density, d = 0.5 g/mL
Explanation:
It is given that,
Mass of the unknown liquid, m = 6 g
Volume of unknown liquid, V = 12 mL
Density is defined as the mass of the liquid divided by its volume. Mathematically, it is given by :
[tex]d=\dfrac{m}{V}[/tex]
[tex]d=\dfrac{6\ g}{12\ mL}[/tex]
d = 0.5 g/mL
So, the density of the unknown liquid is 0.5 g/ml. Hence, this is the required solution.
The distance between Earth and the Moon is about 384,400 kilometers. The distance can be written in scientific notation as a × 10b kilometers, where a = and b = .
Answer:
[tex]3.844 \cdot 10^5 km[/tex], where a = 3.844 and b=5.
Explanation:
A number can be written in scientific notation as follows:
[tex]a \cdot 10^b[/tex]
where it means that the number 'a' is multiplied by 10 to the power b.
Practically speaking, it means that in order to write a number in scientific notation, we must move the dot to the left by 'b' positions. In this problem, we have the following number:
384400 km
Therefore, we have to move the dot to the left by 5 position, so we get:
[tex]3.84400 \cdot 10^5 km[/tex]
and we can get rid of the '00' since they are meaningless:
[tex]3.844 \cdot 10^5 km[/tex]
What substances were found in the innermost regions (within about the inner 0.3 au) of the solar system before planets began to form?
Which square (A, B, C, or D) represents the repeating subunit of the polymer shown?
The box (C) represents the repeating subunit of the polymer.
What are polymers?A polymer is a substance or material consisting of very large molecules called macromolecules, composed of many repeating subunits. Due to their broad spectrum of properties, both synthetic and natural polymers play essential and ubiquitous roles in everyday life.
Moreover, a polymer is a large molecule or a macromolecule which essentially is a combination of many subunits. The term polymer in Greek means 'many parts'. Polymers can be found all around us. From the strand of our DNA, which is a naturally occurring biopolymer, to polypropylene which is used throughout the world as plastic.
Hence, examples of synthetic polymers include nylon, polyethylene, polyester, Teflon, and epoxy. Natural polymers occur in nature and can be extracted. They are often water-based. Examples of naturally occurring polymers are silk, wool, DNA, cellulose and proteins.
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A toy cannon uses a spring to project a 5.31 g soft rubber ball. the spring is originally compressed by 5.09 cm and has a force constant of 7.99 n/m. when the cannon is fired, the ball moves 15.2 cm through the horizontal barrel of the cannon, and there is a constant frictional force of 0.0325 n between the barrel and the ball. (a) with what speed does the projectile leave the barrel of the cannon
The speed of the projectile as it leaves the toy cannon can be calculated by using the principle of conservation of energy and solving a related equation. Initially, the ballistic energy is all potential, stored in the spring, and this energy transfers into kinetic energy of the ball and work done against friction as it moves through the barrel.
Explanation:The speed of the projectile as it leaves the barrel can be calculated using conservation of energy and basic kinematics. Initially, the energy is all potential in the compressed spring. This energy is transferred into kinetic energy and work done against friction as the ball moves through the barrel. The equation for energy conservation could be written like this:
Initial Energy (from spring) = Final Energy (kinetic) + Work done against friction
0.5*k*x² = 0.5*m*v² + F_friction*d,
where k is the spring constant, x is the initial compression of the spring, m is the mass of the ball, v is the speed of the ball, F_friction is the force due to friction, and d is the distance the ball travels in the barrel.
Filling in the provided values and solving for the speed v, should give you the speed the ball leaves the barrel with.
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Manuel is holding a 5kg box how much force is he exerting on it
Normal faults that come in pairs usually display the geological feature of _____.
monoclines
anticlines and synclines
horsts and grabens
fault-block mountains
If an atom loses an electron, why would the resulting particle have a positive charge?
Honey bees beat their wings, making a buzzing sound at a frequency of 2.3 × 102 hertz. What is the period of a bee's wing beat? 4.3 × 10-3 seconds
Answer:
0.0043 or 4.3 × 10-3 seconds
Explanation:
Period= 1/frequency
[tex]T=\frac{1}{2.3*10^{2} Hz} = 0.0043[/tex] seconds
0.0043 seconds can be expressed in C.N as 4.3 × 10-3 seconds
An object travels with velocity v = 4.0 meters/second and it makes an angle of 60.0° with the positive direction of the y-axis. Calculate the possible values of vx.
-3.5 meters/second and +3.5 meters/second
-2.0 meters/second and +2.0 meters/second
-2.5 meters/second and +2.5 meters/second
-3.0 meters/second and +3.0 meters/second
Answer:
The velocity 2 m/s will be positive along positive direction and it will be negative along negative direction.
B is correct.
Explanation:
Given that,
Velocity v = 4.0 m/s
Angle [tex]\theta = 60^{\circ}[/tex]
An object travels with velocity v = 4.0 meters/second and it makes an angle of 60.0° with the positive direction of the y-axis.
According to figure,
The component of given velocity
[tex]v_{x}= v\ cos\theta[/tex]
[tex]v_{y}= v\ sin\theta[/tex]
The possible value of [tex]v_{x}[/tex] will be
[tex]v_{x}= v\ cos\theta[/tex]
[tex]v_{x}=4\times\ cos60^{\circ}[/tex]
[tex]v_{x}=4\times\dfrac{1}{2}[/tex]
[tex]v_{x}=2\ m/s[/tex]
The possible value of [tex]v_{x}[/tex] will be 2 m/s.
Hence, The velocity 2 m/s will be positive along positive direction and it will be negative along negative direction.
If the coefficient of skewness is equal to zero, the shape of the distribution is __________.
Your goal is to accelerate the particles to kinetic energy k. what minimum radius r of the cyclotron is required?
It is 6.00 km from your home to the physics lab. as part of your physical fitness program, you could run that distance at 10.0 km/hr (which uses up energy at the rate of 700 w ), or you could walk it leisurely at 3.00 km/hr (which uses energy at 290 w ).
how to use proton, neutron, and isotope in a sentence
The number of neutrons varies among isotopes, even when the number of protons is the same.
Different nuclear species of the same element are known as isotopes.
They both belong to the same chemical element since they have the same atomic number (number of protons in their nuclei) and position in the periodic table, but they have distinct nucleon numbers (mass numbers) because they have different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei.
Although the chemical properties of each isotope of a particular element are almost identical, they differ in their atomic weights and physical characteristics.
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Write a hypothesis about the effects of magnetic and electric fields. Use the format of "if . . . then . . . because . . ." and be sure to answer the lesson question: "How can magnetic and electric fields be demonstrated?"
Please help!
The Magnetic and electric fields be demonstrated by attracting or repelling each other because of their magnetic or electric properties. In the event that a attractive or electric field is display, materials that create these areas will associated by pulling in or repulsing each other since of their attractive or electric properties. The articulation could be a speculation around the impacts of attractive and electric areas. Utilize the format of "if...then...because..." and be beyond any doubt to reply the lesson address:
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This hypothesis and explanation highlight the effects of magnetic and electric fields, showing how they can be demonstrated using various methods like the right-hand rule. Evidence of a magnetic field near a current-carrying wire can be seen with iron filings or a compass, and the direction of magnetic fields and forces can be determined using specific rules. The hypothesis predicts which materials are magnetic due to their atomic structure.
If a magnetic field is applied to a current-carrying conductor, then the direction of the magnetic field around the conductor can be determined using the right-hand rule because the magnetic field generated by the current follows a specific pattern established by electromagnetic theory.
1. Evidence of a Magnetic Field Around a Current-Carrying Wire: When a current flows through a wire, it creates a magnetic field around it. This can be demonstrated using iron filings or a magnetic compass placed near the wire. The pattern of the iron filings or the direction of the compass needle will show the presence of the magnetic field.
2. Using the Right-Hand Rule: To determine the direction of the magnetic field around a current-carrying conductor, use your right hand: point your thumb in the direction of the current, and the curl of your fingers around the wire will point in the direction of the magnetic field.
Hypothesis: If a magnet is brought near various materials, then only certain materials will exhibit magnetism because magnetic properties are specific to materials with particular atomic structures, such as iron, cobalt, and nickel.
Effects of Magnetic Fields on Moving Charges: A moving charge in a magnetic field experiences a force perpendicular to both its velocity and the magnetic field direction. To determine the direction of this force, use the right-hand rule: point your fingers in the direction of the velocity, orient your palm to face the magnetic field direction, and your thumb will point in the direction of the force.
Magnetic Force Calculation: The force (F) on a moving charge (q) in a magnetic field (B) with velocity (v) is given by the equation F = q(v x B). This ensures that the force is perpendicular to both the velocity of the charge and the magnetic field.
How does the width of the visible spectrum compared to that of the entire electromagnetic spectrum?
The visible spectrum is a very small part of the electromagnetic spectrum, the entire electromagnetic spectrum ranges from extremely short gamma rays to very long radio waves. Thus, the visible spectrum constitutes only a tiny fraction of the total electromagnetic wavelengths.
The visible spectrum is just a small part of the entire electromagnetic spectrum. The electromagnetic spectrum includes all types of electromagnetic radiation, which travel in waves and vary greatly in their wavelengths.
The visible light portion covers wavelengths from about 400 to 700 nanometers (nm), which we perceive as the colors of the rainbow ranging from violet to red.In contrast, the entire electromagnetic spectrum spans a much broader range of wavelengths, from very short gamma rays (less than one picometer) to very long radio waves (up to kilometers in length). This means the visible spectrum constitutes only a tiny fraction of the total range of electromagnetic wavelengths. To put it into perspective, the electromagnetic spectrum covers about 20 orders of magnitude in wavelength, while the visible spectrum spans just a fraction of one order of magnitude.An object is dropped from a 15 m ledge. How fast it is moving just before it hits the ground?
Answer:
[tex]v_f = 17.15 m/s[/tex]
Explanation:
Since the ball is dropped from the height
h = 15 m
so here initial speed of the ball is
[tex]u = 0[/tex]
acceleration of the ball due to gravity is given as
[tex]a = 9.8 m/s^2[/tex]
now the final speed of the ball is given as
[tex]v_f^2 - v_i^2 = 2 a d[/tex]
[tex]v_f^2 - 0 = 2(9.8)(15)[/tex]
[tex]v_f = 17.15 m/s[/tex]
Would the density of a person be the same on the surface of the earth and on the surface of the moon? explain.
What is the change in potential energy of an energetic 72 kg hiker who makes it from the floor of death valley to the top of mt.whitney?
When children use the word “doggie” to refer to every four-legged animal they see, __________ occurs.
Answer:
b trust me
Explanation:
What are you calculating when you measure the disorder of a system?
A)enthalpy
B)efficiency
C)entropy
D)energy equilibrium
Answer:
C) Entropy
Explanation:
Entropy is defined as the quantitative disorder or randomness in the system. This concept is coming out of the system of thermodynamics which deals with the transfer of heat in the system.
There are some key features of entropy which are discussed below:
To decrease the entropy there must be supply of heat from the outside of the system.Entropy is defined as the measure of probability and the disturbance of molecules in the macroscopic system.Therefore, entropy is the measure of the disorder of a system.
A pair of sunglasses says that it keeps you from getting wrinkles around your eyes. what is the purpose of this claim?
A. To show an unbiased source
B. To get you to buy the sunglasses
C. To prove that the sunglasses work
D. To provide evidence
Anything that has mass and volume is the definition of
The tension at which a fishing line snaps is commonly called the line's "strength." what minimum strength is needed for a line that is to stop a salmon of weight 85 n in 13.0 cm if the fish is initially drifting at 3.0 m/s? assume a constant deceleration and that the fishing line is horizontal.
what is true about pluto?
Pluto, a dwarf planet, has a unique orbit and composition, distinct from other planets in the solar system.
Pluto is considered a dwarf planet and is distinct from the gas giants in the solar system, being small, icy, and rocky. Its orbit is unique, shaped like a long ellipse and tilted compared to other planets. Initially thought to be a terrestrial planet, subsequent discoveries led to its reclassification as a dwarf planet.
When the useful energy output of a simple machine is 100 j, and the total energy input is 200 j, the efficiency is _______?
The efficiency of a machine is calculated by dividing the useful output energy by the total input energy and multiplying by 100%. In this case, the efficiency of the machine is 50%.
Explanation:The efficiency of a machine is calculated using the formula: Efficiency = (useful output energy / total input energy) * 100%. In your case, the useful energy output of the simple machine is 100 J, while the total energy input is 200 J. So, the efficiency of your machine is (100 J / 200 J) * 100%, which gives 50%. Therefore, the efficiency of your machine is 50%.
Remember, efficiency in real machines will always be less than 100 percent. This is due to factors such as friction and air resistance which convert some of the work into unavailable heat. Also, note that the work, denoted as W, can indeed be calculated as a force multiplied by a distance, even if these quantities may not always be as obvious as they are in the case of a lever or pulley, for instance.
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If a bowl of fruit is sitting on a table in a state of rest, what is the net force acting on it?
The net force is the vector sum of all forces acting on the object. The net force on the fruit boul resting on the table is zero.
Net force:
It is the vector sum of all forces acting on the object.When the magnitude of the two forces are equal but the direction is opposite, then the forces will cancel each other.When the net force of all forces acting on the object is equal to zero then the force is called balanced.A balanced force keeps an object at rest or in constant motion in a straight line.Therefore, the net force on the fruit boul resting on the table is zero.
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