First law of thermodynamics:
It states that "Energy neither be created nor it can be destroyed". simply it converts one form of energy into another form. It is also known as "law of conservation of energy"Limitations of First law
It doesn't provide a clear idea about the direction of transfer of heat.It doesn't provide the information that how much heat energy converted inti work.Its not given any practical applications.II law of thermodynamics:
It states that "the total entropy of the system can never decrease over time"
It is strongly proved by two laws, they are
1. Kelvin-plank statement:
He stated that "any engine does not give 100% efficiency". It violates the Perpetual motion of machine II kind(PMM-II).
2. Classius statement:
It states that "Heat always flows from high temperature body to low temperature body, without aid of external energy".
Also it stated that " Heat can also be transferred from low temperature body to high temperature body, by the aid of an external energy".
Applications of II law:
Refrigeration &Air conditioning, Heat transfer, I.C. engines, etc.
Answer:
The answer is D.
Explanation:
I just took the quiz.
Which statement best describes the formation of igneous rocks?
A.Layers of dirt and other rocks are pressed together to form igneous rocks
B.Molten material cools and hardens to form igneous rocks
C.Elements in the earth form igneous rocks by compacting them together
D.Wind erodes mountains into small igneous rocks
The statement that describes the way igneous rock is formed in this question is B:Molten material cools and hardens to form igneous rocks
Igneous rocks can be regarded as type of rock that is usually formed as a result of solidification of molten rock material. It usually crystallize below Earth's surface, and after the crystallization, slow cooling follows, hence large crystals is formed.Examples of igneous rocks are:
pegmatitediabasegranitedioritegabbroigneous rocks can also be put into some categories such as base on their chemical composition and these are intermediate as well as mafic and ultramafic.
Therefore, option B
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beautiful patterns are formed in a kaleidoscope because of multiple reflection . explain and specify how it is different from a periscope by diagrams.
Periscope is a tube containing mirrors or prisms for seeing things which are otherwise not possible to see due to some obstacle. Two mirrors are aligned at 45 degrees through which light bounces off and enables the observer to see beyond the obstacle. This is specially used in submarines.
A kaleidoscope is an optical device which contains mirrors and colored glass pieces in a tube. When the tube is rotated, beautiful patterns are formed due to multiple reflections.
What happens when two forces act in the same direction?
When two forces act in the same direction, they add together. ... Equal forces acting in opposite directions are called balanced forces. Balanced forces acting on an object will not change the object's motion. When you add equal forces in opposite direction, the net force is zero.
When two forces act in the same direction, their magnitudes add up to create a larger force. This results in the object moving in the direction of the resulting force with increased acceleration.
Explanation:When two forces act in the same direction, they combine or add up to create a larger force. This is known as the principle of superposition of forces. An example of this can be seen when two people push the same object in the same direction; the force exerted by the object will be the sum of the two individual forces. The object will move in the direction of the resulting force, and its acceleration will be greater than when acted on by a single force.
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Which of the following is an example of the atmosphere interacting with the biosphere?
A)Plants obtain minerals and nutrients from the soil.
B)Contaminants in lakes harm water, plants, and fish.
C)Smoke in air causes breathing difficulty in animals.
D)Water in a lake evaporates into the air on a sunny day.
The answer would be:
C. Smoke in air causes breathing difficulty in animals.
Read on if you want to know why:
When you talk about biosphere it is referring to the living organisms on Earth. Bio- means "life". When we talk about atmosphere on the other hand, we are referring to the air around us. Atmos- means "vaporous air" around us.
Using those as your clue, take the answer as an example of how to determine what spheres were interacting:
Smoke in air causes breathing difficulty in animals.
Air and animals (living organisms)
So in short we know that the atmosphere and biosphere are interacting in this scenario.
Satellite A orbits the earth at a height 2.00 times the earth's radius.Satellite B orbits the earth at a height 3.00 times the earth's radiusWhat is the ratio of the period of Satellite B to the period of Satellite A?
Answer:[tex]\sqrt 3 :\sqrt 2[/tex]
From Kepler's law: The cube of radius of the orbit of satellite is proportional to square of time period of orbit.
[tex]r^3=\frac{T^2 Gm}{4\pi ^2}[/tex]
where, r is the radius of the orbit of satellite, T is the time period of satellite, G is the gravitational constant, m is the mass of the planet.
R is the radius of Earth.
[tex]\frac{r_A^3}{r_B^3} = \frac{T_A^2}{T_B^2} \\ \Rightarrow \frac{2R}{3R}=\frac{T_A^2}{T_B^2} \Rightarrow \frac{T_B}{T_A}=\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}} [/tex]
Hence, the ratio of the period of Satellite B to the period of Satellite A is [tex]\sqrt 3 :\sqrt 2[/tex]
Final answer:
The ratio of the period of Satellite B to the period of Satellite A is approximately 1.89.
Explanation:
In order to calculate the ratio of the periods of Satellite B to Satellite A, we need to understand that the period of a satellite is related to the radius of its orbit. According to Kepler's third law, the square of the period of a satellite is directly proportional to the cube of the radius of its orbit.
Let's define the radius of Earth as R and the radius of Satellite A's orbit as RA. From the given information, RA = 2R and the radius of Satellite B's orbit as RB = 3R.
The ratio of the periods can be expressed as:
(TB/TA)² = (RB/RA)³
Substituting the values, we get:
(TB/TA)² = (3/2)³ = 27/8
Taking the square root of both sides, we find:
TB/TA = [tex]\sqrt{(27/8)}[/tex] ≈ 1.89
Oy mate, help meh.
During mitosis, the genetic material in a cell is replicated, and then the cell splits into two new cells. The two new cells are genetically identical to the original cell.
Which part of cell theory do these statements best support?
A.
All organisms are made up of many different types of cells.
B.
All cells come from pre-existing cells.
C.
Both living and nonliving substances are made of cells.
D.
New cells can be spontaneously generated.
Answer:c
Explanation:
Because it is you see
in Which medium would sound travel the fastest,water at 10 degrees Celsius or water ar 25 degrees Celsius?
Sound travels faster in water at 10 degrees Celsius compare to water at 25 degrees Celsius.
What is mechanical wave?An oscillation of matter known as a mechanical wave is what is responsible for the transmission of energy via a medium.
The transmission medium sets a restriction on how far a wave can travel. In this instance, there is almost little translational motion and the oscillating material rotates around a fixed point. The measurement of mechanical waves, which is determined by displacement divided by wavelength, is one intriguing aspect of them.
Sound is a mechanical waves whose speed is depends on the density of the medium. As water at 10 degrees Celsius is denser than water at 25 degrees Celsius, sound travels faster in water at 10 degrees Celsius compare to water at 25 degrees Celsius.
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Which of these is studied using science?
a. thirteen is an unlucky number
b. finding a four leaf clover is lucky
c. breaking a mirror brings bad weather
d. sudden fall in air pressure affects weather
d. sudden fall in air pressure affects weather...common man
A car moving at a velocity of 20 m/s (at t = 0 sec) acquires a velocity of 40m/s. If the acceleration of the car is 4 m/s2, calculate
(i) Time taken by the car to acquire the velocity of 40m/sec. (ii) Distance travelled by the car for attaining the velocity of 40m/sec.
Final answer:
The time taken by the car to reach a final velocity of 40 m/s is 5 seconds, and the distance traveled by the car during this acceleration is 150 meters.
Explanation:
To solve this physics problem, we need to use the equations of motion. Specifically, we're looking for the time (i) Time taken to reach a final velocity and the (ii) Distance traveled during this acceleration.
Calculating the Time Taken (i)
The equation to use here is v = u + at, where:
v is the final velocity (40 m/s)u is the initial velocity (20 m/s)a is the acceleration (4 m/s²)t is the time (which we are trying to find)Substituting the known values we get:
40 = 20 + 4t
t = (40 - 20) / 4
t = 5 seconds
Calculating the Distance Travelled (ii)
Now we use the equation x = ut + ½ at² to find the distance traveled, where x is the distance. With the time (t = 5s) calculated from the previous part, we get:
x = 20 × 5 + ½ × 4 × 5²
x = 100 + 50
x = 150 meters
if a car engine does 600,000 J of work over a 500m distance and the mass of the car is 250Kg then what is the final velocity of the car?
Given that
Work = 600,000 J ,
distance(S) = 500 m ,
mass (m) = 250 Kg ,
Determine the velocity of car (v) = ?
We know that,
Work = Force × distance
=> Force = Work ÷ distance
= 600,000 ÷ 500
= 500 N .
Also Force F = m.a ; from Newtons II law
500 = 250 × a
a = 2 m/s.
Final Velocity from the given formula
V² = u² + 2.a.s
= 0 + 2 × 2 × 500
= \sqrt{2000}
v = 44.7 m/s
the resistor has a resistance of 3 ohms. If no change in the battery size occurs, what will happen to the current if the resistance increases to 6 ohms?
Quick answer the current will go down.
The formula is
E = I * R. The variation is a direct one. Let us suppose E = 12 volts.
12 = I * 3 ohms Divide both sides by 3
12/3 = I
I = 4 amps
Now do it again for 6 ohms
12 = I * 6 Divide both sides by 6
12/6 = I
I = 2
So the current went down from 4 to 2
when an object falls freely , the distance covered by the object is
a. directly proportional to time
b. directly prop. to square time
c. inversely prop. to time
d.direcly prop. to double time
Answer: b
Explanation
S = u.t + 1/2 a.t²
initial velocity is zero u = 0 ; a = g
then, S = 1/2 g.t²
S = t² since g = constant
Therefore distance is directly proportional to square of time.
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HOMEWORK FOR TOMMOROW
(please help quickly)
A) A swimming pool contains 30000 kg of water at 8 celsius degrees
Specific heat capacity of water = 4181 J/kg celsius degrees
1) How much thermal energy is needed to raise the temperature of the water to 15 celsius degrees?
2) On a sunny day, the concrete at the side of the pool feels much hotter than the water, even though both have received the same thermal energy from the sun. Explain fully why the concrete is hotter
B) Describe 2 ways you could increase the efficiency of a household central heating system
(1) Use the formula
(energy E) = (specific heat capacity c) x (mass m) x (change in temperature T)
[tex]E_{thermal} = c\cdot m\cdot \Delta T= 4181 \frac{J}{kg\cdot^\circ C}\cdot 30000kg\cdot 7 ^\circ C=878010000 J\approx 0.88\cdot10^9J = 0.88GJ[/tex]
To raise the temperature of the water by 7 degrees Celsius, about 0.88GJ (Gigajoules) of thermal energy is needed.
(2) There are multiple reasons for the observation: Water and concrete have different specific heat capacity, namely that of water is about 4 times higher than one of concrete, so given the same amount of thermal energy, the temperature rises only about a quarter with water as compared to concrete. Another factor in the difference is that while it suffices to heat a relatively thin surface layer of the concrete (i.e., small volume) for it to feel hot to touch, heating the water involves heating a larger volume at a time due to its continuous mixing with lower layers (since it is a liquid with low viscosity).
(3) (a) Install thermal insulation around ducts to minimize thermal energy loss. (b) consider installing multiple heating zones to increase focus of heating to areas that need heating at a given time. (There are many other possible ways, these are just suggestions)
A 50kg Cheetah has a kinetic energy of 18,000J. What is its velocity?
The velocity of a 50kg cheetah with a kinetic energy of 18,000 J is approximately 26.83 m/s, calculated using the formula for kinetic energy = 1/2 * m * v^2.
Explanation:The question concerns the relationship between the kinetic energy, mass, and velocity of an object, specifically a 50kg cheetah. Kinetic Energy is given by the formula 1/2 * m * v^2, where m is the mass and v is the velocity. Specifically, in this scenario, the kinetic energy of 18,000 J (Joules) equals 1/2 * 50 kg * v^2 . Solving this equation for velocity, we have v = sqrt((2 * Kinetic Energy) / m) = sqrt((2 * 18000) / 50) = sqrt(720) ≈ 26.83 m/s. Therefore, the cheetah's velocity would be approximately 26.83 meters per second.
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Why do scientists agree to use one system of measurement
[ Answer ]
It would be very confusing and date and calculations would be off and inaccurate
[ Explanation ]
If scientists didn't use the SI system, then all the calculations and data they would send to each other would be mixed up and confusing. If Americans used one metric system and The Chinese used another metric system, converting the data would be inaccurate and take way to much time. Everyone would have their own idea for what is right, and no one would have a clue what other people meant.
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The more energy a particle has, the more it will move. which statement is true about the energy level of liquids ?
what is the measurement of how fast an object moves relative to a reference point?
The measurement of how fast an object moves relative to a reference point is speed, or motion. Hope this helped:)
Final answer:
The measurement of an object's speed relative to a reference point is termed relative speed, which all observers can agree upon when accounting for distance and elapsed time. High-speed measurements can vary due to relativistic effects such as length contraction. Velocity includes both speed and direction of motion.
Explanation:
The measurement of how fast an object moves relative to a reference point is known as relative speed. This concept is crucial because the measurement of speed depends on the observer's frame of reference. When determining the relative speed of an object, both the distance the object travels and the time it takes to cover that distance are taken into consideration. The equation for relative speed is the distance traveled divided by the elapsed time, which all observers can agree upon, regardless of their individual motion.
Another important factor to consider at high speeds, especially those approaching the speed of light, is how these measurements can differ due to relativistic effects. According to the theory of relativity, as described by the equation 1 - v²/c², an observer at rest would perceive the length of an object moving at speeds close to the speed of light as significantly shortened. This length contraction affects how distances and, consequently, speeds are measured.
In the context of everyday speeds, we often discuss velocity, which is the speed of an object with the direction of its motion considered. If an object is said to have a speed of 50 mph, that's its scalar magnitude. However, if that object is moving northeast at 50 mph, its velocity is defined, combining both magnitude and direction.
The half-life of carbon-14 is 5730 years. Explain how to figure out the age of a substance that has 25% carbon-14 remaining. A) Multiply 25% times 5730 years since only 25% of the carbon remains. B) Divide 5730 years by 2 since carbon has gone through two half-lives. C) Multiply 5730 years by 2 since two half-lives have gone by for carbon. D) Multiply 4 times 5730 years since carbon has gone through 4 half-lives.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
25% is two half lives.
Each half life requires 5730 years.
So two half lives requires
2
×
5730
Related questions
Answer:
the answer is c
Explanation:
A bee flies at a constant rate of 5 ms until it notices a flower. It then comes to rest in 5 seconds. Find the acceleration of the bee if
a= ΔvΔt
According to all known laws of aviation, there is no way that a bee should be able to fly. Its wings are too small to get its fat little body off the ground. The bee, of course, flies anyway. Because bees don’t care what humans think is impossible.”
∆v = -5 m/s
∆t = 5 s
a = ∆v/∆t = (-5 m/s)/(5 s) = -1 m/s^2
According to the graph, the volume of the gas is
Answer:
According to graph " Volume of the gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature at constant pressure"
As a fact, Charles's law states that " At constant pressure the volume of fixed amount of gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature" .Mathematically,V ∝ T at P = constant;
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of series circuits compared to parallel circuits. Give an example of where each type of circuit could be used.
Advantage of series circuit :
1. allows all the components in the circuit to have same current flowing through them.
2. one switch is enough to turn off all the components in the circuit in series.
3. make the circuit small by using smaller length of wire.
Disadvantages of series circuit :
1. If one component becomes defective , it does not allow other components to operate, since they share same current.
2. all components can not have same voltage across them.
what do we call the distance between any two successive crests of a wave
That is actually called the Wave Length.
Answer:
A wavelength
the troughs and crests are the lowest or highest points of the wave. trough to trough is the length of the wave, or wavelength. Same for crest to crest
A caterpillar travels straight for 3 cm, and then turns left and crawls 4 centimeters farther. If its final position is east of its initial position, what is its displacement from its initial position?
3-squared + 4-squared = 5-squared
The bug's displacement is 5cm east.
Answer:
Displacement 5 cm from 45 degree above the initial position.
Explanation:
A caterpillar travels straight for 3 cm and then turns left 4 cm. Displacement is the difference between the final and initial position. Displacement is a vector quantity.
vector addition:
[tex]R = \sqrt {3^2+4^2} = 5 cm[/tex]
A boy 1m tall looks at the swimming pool, which appears to be 75 cm deep, according to the people around him. He finds himself almost completely submerged in water when he steps into the water. Was he tricked? How did it happen?
Well the answer is:
No he was not tricked.
This is what happened:
He is 1 meter tall and the water is 75 cm deep.
Let's convert the units so that they are the same we can look at it two ways.
1 meter (m) = 100 centimeters (cm)
This means that just about 75% of his body would be submerged.
You can also convert it 75 centimeters into meters.
75 centimeters = 0.75 meters.
Just remember that centi means 100th of a unit or [tex]\dfrac{1}{100}[/tex].
If a bat hits a ball with a 1000-N force, what force does the ball exert on the bat? 500 N 0 N 1000 N 100 N
Answer:
The correct answer option is 1000 N.
Explanation:
A force is a push or a pull which acts upon any object as a result of its interaction with another object where the forces are called action and reaction.
According to Newton's third law: for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
The given situation is an example of the third law of Newton. So if a bat hits a ball with a 1000-N force, the force exerted on the bat will be equal to 1000 N but in opposite direction.
If a bat hits a ball with a 1000-N force, what force does the ball exert on the bat?
A) 500 N
B) 0 N
C) 1000 N
D) 100 N
Your answer will be (C)
The simulation kept track of the variables and automatically recorded data on object displacement, velocity, and momentum. If the trials were run on a real track with real gliders, using stopwatches and meter sticks for measurement, how might the data compare? Check all that apply.
- There would be variables that would be hard to control, leading to less reliable data.
- The data would be just as valid if it were recorded with a stopwatch.
- Meter sticks may lack precision or may be read incorrectly.
- Real glider data may vary since real collisions may involve loss of energy.
- Human error in recording or plotting the data could be a factor.
- Controlling real glider velocities by hand would be just as accurate as simulation controls.
We have that all that apply. are
There would be variables that would be hard to control, leading to less reliable data. Meter sticks may lack precision or may be read incorrectly.Real glider data may vary since real collisions may involve loss of energy. Human error in recording or plotting the data could be a factor.
From the question we are told that
-There would be variables that would be hard to control, leading to less reliable data.
- The data would be just as valid if it were recorded with a stopwatch.
- Meter sticks may lack precision or may be read incorrectly.
- Real glider data may vary since real collisions may involve loss of energy.
- Human error in recording or plotting the data could be a factor.
- Controlling real glider velocities by hand would be just as accurate as simulation controls.
Generally
Practical exercise are made to have error that is why they are done over and over again and the average score taken as the main score.
Haven done this act it goes to show us that the Results is inaccurate or not ideal which in essence leaves us with these decision as the ones that apply
There would be variables that would be hard to control, leading to less reliable data. Meter sticks may lack precision or may be read incorrectly.Real glider data may vary since real collisions may involve loss of energy. - Human error in recording or plotting the data could be a factor.For more information on this visit
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Final answer:
Running trials with real gliders and manual measurement tools like stopwatches and meter sticks may result in data that is less reliable compared to the data recorded in the simulation. Various factors such as difficult-to-control variables, measurement errors, and variations in real glider collisions can impact the accuracy and consistency of the data.
Explanation:
The data obtained from running trials on a real track with real gliders using stopwatches and meter sticks for measurement may compare differently to the data recorded in the simulation. Here are the possible comparisons:
There would be variables that would be hard to control, which could lead to less reliable data. This is because in a real-life scenario, there are external factors that may affect the measurements, such as air resistance or uneven surfaces.
Meter sticks may lack precision or may be read incorrectly. Human error in measuring the displacement of objects could introduce inaccuracies in the data.
Real glider data may vary compared to the simulation due to loss of energy in real collisions. In a simulation, the loss of energy may not be accurately represented, leading to differences in momentum calculations.
Human error in recording or plotting the data could be a factor. Even with careful measurements, there is always a potential for human error, which may affect the accuracy of the recorded data.
PLEASE HELP!!!
which of the following would be used to measure the mass of an object?
1.graduated cylinder
2. scale
3. stopwatch
4. meter stick
The answer that makes the most sense is answer choice 1... the answer definitely couldn't be scale ( answer choice 2), because mass and weight are two different things. Weight is measured on a scale and mass is is measured by using a balance, hope this helps !! :)
Answer:
A graduated cylinder measures the volume of a liquid.
A ball is kicked 10 meters north , 5 meters west, 15 meters south, 5 meters east and 5 meters north. Find the total displacement and the total distance it traveled.
Somebody help. WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST.
Answer:
1. Pour the mixture in to bucket of water - Saw dust
2. Pass a magnet through mixture - Iron pieces
3. Press the mixture through a screen - Glass marbles
4. Evaporate the water - Salt
5. Pour the mixture through a filter - Sand
6. Remove a material floating through a surface -Saw dust
HOPE THIS WILL HELP YOU
Which are made of matter? Check all that apply. air bicycles sound waves people clothes sunlight trees
Answer : The correct options are, Air, bicycles, people, clothes, trees.
Explanation :
Matter : It is made up of many particles or atoms. Matter is a substance that has mass and occupy space.
There are 3 different states of matter which are solid, liquid and gas.
From the given options, air, bicycles, people, clothes, trees are made up of matter. While the other options, sound waves and sunlight are not made up of matters.
Hence, the correct options are, Air, bicycles, people, clothes, trees.
Matter can be regarded as anything that occupy space and has weight Matter is composed of many particles as well as atoms.
The states of matter can be listed as ;
solid liquid gas.Air, bicycles as well as people and clothes and trees has weight and can occupy space hence they are mattersound waves as well as sunlight can not be regarded as matters.Light can be described as electromagnetic radiation which is made up of photon and it posses energy and momentum, it can exerts what is known as gravitational pull on other things so it's not matter.Sound waves can be regarded as one that involve propagation of a pressure wave via medium of particles. it is considered a wave, it ha not weight or occupy space hence it is not regarded as matterTherefore all options are matters except sound and sunlight
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