Finish the following sentence. almost all of the oxygen (o2) one consumes in breathing is converted to _____________.

Answer:

All dwarf planets likely contain a mixture of rock and ice

Explanation:

The true statement about dwarf planets is that Pluto was the first to be discovered. Dwarf planets share common features like orbiting the sun and having a near-spherical shape but have not cleared their orbits of other objects.

The true statement about dwarf planets is that Pluto was the first dwarf planet to be discovered. Dwarf planets are celestial bodies that meet two of the three criteria set by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) for being a planet: they orbit the sun and have sufficient mass for a nearly spherical shape, but they have not cleared their orbits of other objects. While not all dwarf planets are beyond the outer planets (Ceres, for example, is located in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter), all discovered dwarf planets have a mixture of rock and ice, and with the exception of Ceres, they are found beyond Neptune. Pluto, which was initially classified as one of the major planets, became known as a dwarf planet due to the redefinition of what constitutes a planet in 2006.

Answer:

Sun light and water

Due process of law is a legal concept that mandates the fair and equal application of the law, ensuring that no individual is deprived of life, liberty, or property without proper legal procedures and protections, as stated in the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments of the U.S. Constitution.

The best definition of the term due process of law is a legal principle that ensures the government respects all legal rights owed to a person. According to the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments of the U.S. Constitution, no one shall be "deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law." This includes two aspects: procedural due process, which pertains to the methods and processes the government must follow, and substantive due process, which relates to the government's obligations to treat individuals fairly and not to violate certain fundamental rights.

According to Lenz's law, an induced current is generated in a copper wire loop when its radius near a solenoid increases. The direction of this induced current opposes the increasing radius of the loop. This direction can also be determined by considering the magnetic force on the charges in the wire loop.

a. According to Lenz's law, when the radius of the copper wire loop near the solenoid increases, an induced current is generated in the loop. This induced current flows in a direction that creates a magnetic field opposing the change in magnetic flux through the loop. Therefore, the direction of the induced current would be such that it opposes the increasing radius of the loop.

b. To check the direction of the induced current, we can consider the magnetic force on the charges in the wire loop. As the radius of the loop increases, the magnetic field due to the solenoid through the loop also increases. By applying the right-hand rule for the direction of the magnetic force on a moving charge, we find that the induced current in the loop would flow in a direction opposite to the increasing radius, in order to resist the change in magnetic field.

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Answer:

C. electrons are transferred to the atom from other atoms through direct contact

Explanation:

When an atom is negatively charged then it means that the number of electrons in the atom is in excess in number as compare it to the number of protons

This is possible when an atom will transfer its electron to other atom. Here the transfer of electrons will produce negative or positive charge because electrons are loosely bounded while protons are strongly bounded inside the nucleus.

So here correct answer is given as

C. electrons are transferred to the atom from other atoms through direct contact

A rocket needs thrust greater than Earth's gravity to lift off into space, overcoming air resistance and gravitational pull. Hence, option a is the correct condition for achieving lift-off.

For a rocket to lift off into space, it requires a thrust that is greater than the Earth's gravity. This thrust is provided by the acceleration of the rocket as it ejects high-speed gas through its exhaust nozzles. The opposing forces, such as air resistance and gravitational pull, need to be overcome by this thrust for the rocket to ascend. In the ideal case, without air resistance and neglecting gravity, we could focus solely on the thrust force. However, in reality, rockets must achieve a final velocity great enough to break free from Earth's gravitational influence, which involves reducing the rocket's mass apart from fuel, and producing enough thrust to counteract both gravity and atmospheric drag.

In summary, option a, thrust that is greater than Earth's gravity, is the required condition for a rocket to lift off. Although air resistance and friction are factors that influence the efficiency of the rocket's ascent, achieving a thrust greater than Earth's gravitational pull is the primary necessity.

The law of conservation of mass states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions, remaining constant.

The law of conservation of mass states that:

1. Mass cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction or a physical change.

2. The total mass of substances before a reaction must equal the total mass of the substances after the reaction.

3. At the atomic level, this law implies that the number and types of atoms present in the reactants must equal the number and types of atoms in the products.

4. This principle holds true for closed systems where no mass is exchanged with the surroundings, although in nuclear reactions, mass can be converted into energy according to Einstein's famous equation E=mc²..

5. The conservation of mass is a fundamental principle in chemistry and underpins our understanding of chemical reactions and the behavior of matter in various processes.

The answer is not D.  Just got it incorrect on my quiz.

Answer:

A.  The light will take 200 million years to reach Earth.

Explanation:

Final answer:

Given the density of gold and the dimensions of a 10-centimeter cube, a solid gold phone would weigh about 45 lbs, making it too heavy to casually pass around a table. Therefore, the correct answer is 3.

Explanation:

The question asks if a solid gold phone, with a volume equal to a 10-centimeter cube of gold, could be casually passed around a table from hand to hand. Given the density of gold is 19,300 kg/m³, we first calculate the volume of the cube in cubic meters (m³) by converting its dimensions from centimeters to meters (0.1 m x 0.1 m x 0.1 m = 0.001 m³). Multiplying this volume by the density of gold gives us the mass of the gold phone (0.001 m³ x 19,300 kg/m³ = 19.3 kg). Converting this mass into pounds (1 kg ≈ 2.2 lbs), the weight of the phone is approximately 42.46 lbs.

Therefore, the correct answer is 3: No; it weighs about 45 lbs. Such a phone would be quite heavy and not easily passed around from hand to hand.

When a switch is closed in a circuit with an inductor, the current gradually increases from zero to a constant value. This is due to the property of inductors to initially oppose changes in current.

The question asks about the behavior of current in a circuit when a switch is closed, specifically in relation to an inductor with zero intrinsic resistance. The correct answer is d. The current gradually increases from zero to 1 and then remains constant. When the switch is closed, establishing an electrical connection, the current does not become instantaneously high. Rather, it gradually increases. This is because the inductor initially opposes the change in current. As current continues to flow, this opposition decreases and the current increases, eventually reaching a constant value.

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The magnitude of the acceleration of the cream tangerine as it passes by each window is constant at approximately 9.8 m/s² due to Earth's gravity.

You asked about the magnitude of the acceleration of a cream tangerine as it passes by three evenly spaced windows. When any object is thrown upward or downward close to the Earth's surface, it is accelerated by gravity. This acceleration is constant and has a magnitude of approximately 9.8 m/s² downward. This means that no matter which window the cream tangerine is passing, the magnitude of its acceleration will be the same because gravity is a constant force close to the surface of the Earth. Therefore, when ranking the windows according to the magnitude of acceleration of the cream tangerine while passing them, they will all be the same and thus tied for first place.

Dispersion is the separation of white light into separate colors based on differences in wavelength.

Dispersion is the separation of white light into separate colors based on differences in wavelength. When light passes through a medium, such as a prism or a droplet of water, it is bent or refracted. However, different colors of light have different wavelengths, which causes them to refract at different angles. This results in the dispersion of white light into its constituent colors.

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The formation of bubbles, a change in color, and the formation of a precipitate (1, 3, & 5) are all indicators that a chemical reaction is occurring.

Indicators that a chemical reaction is occurring -

Chemical reactions involve the chemical interaction of two or more chemical substances, resulting in a new substance being formed, and are usually irreversible.

The signs of chemical reactions include gas formation, energy release in the form of light or flame, heat absorption, precipitate formation, and color change.

Thus, Indicators that a chemical reaction is occurring -

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 a)

At constant pressure, the work done for gas to expand is given by:

W = PΔV

⇒W = 1.65 × 10⁵Pa × (0.320 - 0.110)m³= 3.46 × 10⁴J

b)

The total heat (Q) added to the system is used in work done and the remaining energy goes into internal energy.

ΔU = ΔQ-ΔW

⇒ΔU = 1.15 ×10⁵J - 3.46 × 10⁴J = 0.8 × 10⁵ J

c)

It does not matter that the gas is ideal or real because the work done would remain same. It would vary for real gases only at very high pressure.

(a). The work done by the gas is [tex]\boxed{3.47 \times {{10}^4}\,{\text{J}}}[/tex].

(b). The change in the internal energy of the gas is [tex]\boxed{8.03 \times {{10}^4}\,{\text{J}}}[/tex].

(c). There is no effect of the gas being ideal gas or real gas on the work done by the gas.

Further Explanation:

Given:

The initial volume of the gas is [tex]0.110\,{{\text{m}}^{\text{3}}}[/tex] .

The final volume of the gas is [tex]0.320\,{{\text{m}}^{\text{3}}}[/tex] .

The constant pressure at which the expansion of the gas takes place is [tex]1.65 \times {10^5}\,{\text{Pa}}[/tex] .

The amount of heat added to the gas is [tex]1.15 \times {10^5}\,{\text{J}}[/tex].

Concept:

Part (a):

The expansion of the gas is taking place at constant pressure. Therefore, the work done by the gas is:

[tex]W = P\left( {{V_f} - {V_i}}\right)[/tex]

Here, [tex]P[/tex] is the pressure and [tex]{V_f}[/tex] is the final volume and [tex]{V_i}[/tex] is the initial volume of the gas.

Substitute the values of [tex]P[/tex] , [tex]{V_i}[/tex] and [tex]{V_f}[/tex] in above expression .

[tex]\begin{aligned}W&= \left( {1.65 \times {{10}^5}} \right) \times \left( {0.320 - 0.110} \right)\\&= 3.465 \times {10^4}\,{\text{J}}\\&\approx 3.{\text{47}} \times {\text{1}}{{\text{0}}^4}\,{\text{J}}\\\end{aligned}[/tex]

Therefore, the work done by the gas is [tex]\boxed{3.47 \times {{10}^4}\,{\text{J}}}[/tex]

Part (b):

The change in internal energy of the gas is given by the first law of thermodynamics:

[tex]\begin{aligned}\Delta Q = \Delta U + W \hfill\\\Delta U = \Delta Q - W \hfill\\\end{aligned}[/tex]

Here, [tex]\Delta Q[/tex] is the heat added, [tex]\Delta U[/tex] is the change in internal energy of system and  [tex]W[/tex] is the work done by the gas.

Substitute the values of [tex]\Delta Q[/tex] and [tex]W[/tex] in above equation.

Part (c):

The ideal gas or the real gas does not affect the process of the expansion of gas because the change in energy of the gas is given by the First law of thermodynamics. The first law of thermodynamics is based on the conservation of energy.

The energy of a system will always remain conserved whether it has the real gas or the ideal gas.

Thus, there is no effect of the gas being ideal gas or real gas on the work done by the gas.

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Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Physics

Chapter: Law of Thermodynamics

Keywords:  Ideal gas, cylinder, first law of thermodynamics, pressure constant, 0.110m^3 to 0.320 m^3, expansion, change in internal energy, work done by gas.

a) The particle's position at t = 2.10 s is 17.64 meters, and the velocity at this time is 16.8 m/s.

b) The position at a later time t = 2.10 s + Δt can be found by squaring the entire term (t + Δt) and multiplying by 4.

c) The limit of Δx/Δt as Δt approaches zero to find the velocity at t = 2.10 s. is 16.8 m/s.

The equation of motion for the particle as it moves along the x-axis is x = 4t² where x is in meters and t is in seconds.

(a) To find the position at t = 2.10 s, we simply plug the value of t into the equation: x = 4(2.10)² = 4(4.41) = 17.64 meters.

(b) The position xf at time t = 2.10 s + Δt is given by x_f = 4(t + Δt)².

(c) To find the velocity at t = 2.10 s, we take the limit of Δx / Δt as Δt approaches zero.

This is equivalent to the derivative of x with respect to t, which gives us the velocity: v = dx/dt = d/dt(4t²) = 8t. Substituting t = 2.10 s gives us v = 8(2.10) = 16.8 m/s.

(a) At t = 2.10 s, the position of the particle is 35.28 m. (b) At t = 2.10 s + [tex]\(\Delta t\)[/tex], the final position [tex](\(x_f\)) is \(4t^2 + 8.4t\Delta t + 4(\Delta t)^2\)[/tex] m. (c) The limit of [tex]\(\frac{\Delta x}{\Delta t}\) as \(\Delta t\)[/tex]approaches zero at t = 2.10 s is 16.8 m/s.

(a) Substitute t = 2.10 s into the given expression [tex]\(x = 4t^2\)[/tex] to find [tex]\(x = 4(2.10)^2 = 35.28\)[/tex] m.

(b) For [tex]\(x_f\)[/tex], we use the expression [tex]\(x_f = 4t^2 + 8.4t\Delta t + 4(\Delta t)^2\)[/tex] to account for the change in time [tex](\(\Delta t\)).[/tex]

(c) To find the velocity at t = 2.10 s, evaluate the limit of [tex]\(\frac{\Delta x}{\Delta t}\)[/tex] as [tex]\(\Delta t\)[/tex]approaches zero. Taking the derivative of [tex]\(x = 4t^2\)[/tex] with respect to t gives the instantaneous velocity, which is 16.8 m/s.

Understanding how to evaluate position at specific times and finding instantaneous velocity provides insights into the kinematics of particle motion.

Elastic collisions, where kinetic energy and momentum are conserved, can be demonstrated through the collision of glass marbles, steel blocks on ice, and carts with spring bumpers on an air track. These examples showcase momentum transfer and energy conservation in a nearly perfect manner, providing insight into the principles of physics.

Elastic collisions are fascinating phenomena where total kinetic energy and momentum are conserved. Here are three examples:

Although truly elastic collisions are rare in everyday experiences and more common in the microscopic realm of subatomic particles, these examples provide a good understanding of the concept within observable scenarios.

Final answer:

Nuclear energy is not an example of kinetic energy; it is a form of potential energy stored within the nucleus of atoms. Kinetic energy is associated with the motion of objects, while nuclear energy involves the potential stored and released during nuclear reactions.

Explanation:

Kinetic energy is the energy that an object possesses due to its motion. It can be expressed mathematically as KE = ½mv², where 'm' is the object's mass and 'v' is its velocity. Examples of kinetic energy include a moving vehicle, a spinning turbine, and the thermal energy of atoms and molecules moving within a substance. However, not all forms of energy listed are examples of kinetic energy.

Nuclear energy is different from kinetic energy. It is a form of potential energy that is stored within the nucleus of atoms and is released during nuclear reactions such as fission or fusion. Therefore, nuclear energy is the correct answer to the question, as it is not a form of kinetic energy.

Other forms of energy such as electrical energy and chemical energy can involve kinetic energy when charges travel through a conductor or when molecular bonds are broken and rearranged, respectively. However, at a fundamental level, these forms also incorporate potential energy components.

To support a tension of 24 kN, a cable made from steel wires that originally have a diameter of 1 mm should have a new diameter of 10 mm, which is one order of magnitude larger.

If a steel wire of diameter 1 mm can support a tension of 0.24 kN, to support a tension of 24 kN, we need to determine the required diameter of a cable made of these wires. The tension supported by a wire is directly proportional to the cross-sectional area, which is proportional to the square of the diameter. Therefore, if the tension increases by a factor of 100 (from 0.24 kN to 24 kN), the diameter must increase by a factor of the square root of 100, which is 10.

Hence, the new diameter would be 10 mm, which is a one order of magnitude increase from the original diameter of 1 mm.

To find the position of the car at t = 3 s and t = 4 s, we need to find the area under the velocity graph up to those time points.

The position of an object at a given time can be determined from the velocity graph. To find the object's position at t = 3 s and t = 4 s, we need to find the area under the velocity graph up to those time points. In the figure, we can see that the displacement at t = 3 s is approximately 5 m and the displacement at t = 4 s is approximately 8 m.

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2 or second vector best represents the force that could act concurrently with force A to produce force B.

A force is an effect that can alter an object's motion according to physics. An object with mass can change its velocity, or accelerate, as a result of a force. An obvious way to describe force is as a push or a pull. A force is a vector quantity since it has both magnitude and direction.

A resultant force vector is described as a single vector that has the same consequence as several other vectors taken together.To create the resulting force vector, two vectors facing the opposite direction are subtracted from one another. Here, the vector B is pointing in the opposite direction of the vector A, and the resulting force vector is called R.

2 or second vector best represents the force that could act concurrently with force A to produce force B.

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Answer:

c for plato users

Explanation:

The answer is c, to change alternating current into direct current.

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Final answer:

To find the average force of traction for the car, you can use the work-energy principle to determine the work done, which equals the change in kinetic energy. The work done is equal to the force multiplied by the distance, and from this, the average force can be calculated. The average force of traction in this case is 2723.17 N.

Explanation:

To calculate the average force of traction for a 1250 kg car that accelerates from rest to 6.13 m/s over a distance of 8.58 m, we can use the work-energy principle. This principle states that the work done by a force on an object is equal to the change in kinetic energy of the object.

First, let's find the final kinetic energy (KE) of the car:

KE = 0.5 * m * v^2

KE = 0.5 * 1250 kg * (6.13 m/s)^2

KE = 23369.8125 J (joules)

The work done (W) by the traction force is also the change in kinetic energy, so W = KE = 23369.8125 J. Since work is defined as the force multiplied by the distance (W = F * d), we can rearrange the formula to solve for the average force (F):

F = W / d

F = 23369.8125 J / 8.58 m

F = 2723.17 N (newtons)

Therefore, the average force of traction that the car experienced was 2723.17 N.

The process that charges a neutral body by touching it with a charged body is known as charging by contact.

Charging by contact is the process where a charged body touches a neutral body, transferring charge to it, unlike charging by induction which involves no direct touch.

This method requires the charged object, such as a positively charged glass rod, to physically touch the neutral object, transferring charge directly.

For instance, when a positively charged rod touches an electroscope, electrons move to neutralize the positive charges, resulting in the electroscope itself gaining a positive charge. Unlike charging by induction, where a charged object is brought near a neutral object without direct contact causing a redistribution of charges within the neutral object, charging by contact involves direct touch.

sublimation is the correct answer