Answer:
Microorganisms are very small, not visible with an eye, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.
Even though som of microorganisms can make people ill, many of them are not harmful, all the contrary, they can help a human with digestion, protect him from infections and keep the health good.
Explanation:
You have bad microorganisms in the body, called pathogens. Pathogens can be very harmful and kill all the good cells in the host. That is why good microorganisms are important. They make colonies and protect the body from the development of pathogens that release toxins into the body.
Good microorganisms provide nutrition for the organism, they involve minerals, produce hormones and stop bad microorganisms enter the organism.
The mass of a star can be determined by studying _____.
binary star systems
the wavelength of light emitted by the star
the distance between the star and Earth
the color of the star
Answer:
The mass of a star can be determined by studying binary star systems.
Explanation:
In this system it consists of two stars, revolving round the same bary-centre. The systems having two or may say more than two are called as the multiple star system. This zone is also a habitable zone, here the water exists in the liquid form. We could have sometime seen the two stars together. They are also very capable of strengthening the terrestrial planets inside the stable orbital ranges. They have generally two orbits like P-type as well as circumbinary.
The Hershey-Chase experiment disproved which of these molecule groups as the physical carrier of inheritance?
proteins
nucleic acids
lipids
polysaccharides
Answer:
In Hershey -Chase experiment , they proved the physical carrier of inheritance is nucleic acids not proteins.
Explanation:
Hershey- Chase has proved genetic material is DNA. They experimented on Bacteriophage which are made of proteins and DNA. For this experiment they used radioactive isotopes of element. Phosphorous-32 was used to label the DNA and sulfur -35 was used to label amino acids in proteins.
They found in experiment shortly after attacking on bacteria phage adhere on the surface, inserts its DNA into the host , leaving its protein coat outside. As they did not find any trace of sulfur-35 in the test medium.
after entering host body phage DNA multiplied in several copies. And after that they packed and assembled in protein coat.
After this experiment they concluded that DNA is the physical carrier of inheritance.
6. Applying Concepts Liza rode her bike to the
store. She bought items that had little packag-
ing and put her purchases into her backpack.
Describe how Liza practiced conservation.
7. Identifying Relationships How does conser-
Answer:
Liza bought things that had little packaging. She practised conservation through this as the less packaged items would not have been sold and hence would have gone to waste.
Liza did not use a plastic bag to put her bought items. Instead, she used her backpack. In this way, she practised conservation by not using a plastic bag. Also, plastic bags are hard to dispose of and are not degradable.
Which statement best describes how varying conditions in coastal areas affect the abundance of aquatic organisms living there? Fewer aquatic organisms live in coastal areas because the tides require organisms to constantly adapt to changing conditions. More aquatic organisms live in coastal areas because organisms swept away during high tide can easily return to land during low tide. More aquatic organisms live in coastal areas because tidal processes help maintain a more constant water temperature compared with other ocean areas. Fewer organisms live in coastal areas because there is less food and oxygen available compared with other ocean areas.
Answer:
The correct answer is "Fewer aquatic organisms live in coastal areas because the tides require organisms to constantly adapt to changing conditions".
Explanation:
There only few species of aquatic organisms that live in coastal areas because the tides require organisms to constantly adapt to changing conditions. Some adaptations of aquatic organisms living in intertidal zones include: ochre sea star adaptation to tolerate longer periods of time in contact with air, periwinkle snails secrete a gluelike mucus to avoid drying out when the tides are out, and some fishes like the tide pool sculpin can breathe air to survive when the tides are out.
What are the reactants (what goes in) and products (what comes out) of photosynthesis?
Answer:
Water and CO2 are reactants while glucose and oxygen are the product
Explanation:
I NEED HELP PLEASE AND THANK YOU
In North Carolina demand for fresh water has increased dramatically. One of the main reasons for this is increased water use for agriculture.
Agriculture is an activity that requires a lot of fresh water. This is because agricultural crops need large amounts of water to grow and remain productive. In a situation of large-scale agricultural production, this need for water is even greater, causing producers to use large quantities of water that is necessary for the consumption of the population.
In addition, many producers waste water and pollute it with an excess of pesticides and deforestation.
In order to conserve fresh water and keep it at high quality levels to be used both in agriculture and for human consumption, it is necessary that agricultural producers allow the maintenance of riparian forests, use more biodegradable pesticides or with low impact on nature and pay attention to irrigation equipment to avoid waste.
Duchene muscular dystrophy, or DMD, is a recessive, x-linked disease. What would you expect to see in the offspring of a woman wh
o has DMD and a man who does not have the disease?
All of their sons and none of their daughters would have the disease.
None of their children would have the disease, but they would all be carriers.
All of their daughters and none of their sons would have the disease.
Their daughters would have the disease and their sons would be carriers.
It is expected to see in the offspring of a woman who has DMD and a man who does not have the disease that all of their sons and none of their daughters will have the disease
Option A.
Explanation:Duchene muscular dystrophy, also known as DMD is a recessive, x-linked disease. It occurs when there is a mutation in the dystrophin gene. This mutation further affects the muscles of the body leading it to degenerate and ultimately death.
When a woman with DMD and a man without DMD have an offspring, their daughters and the sons will get the mutated gene signature from the mother as she is the carrier. But since the father has normal genes, the daughters will become the carriers and will not be afflicted by it. This is because the normal X chromosome from the father will be passed on to them. The sons on the other hand will have the disease as they will get one of their mother's X chromosome which would be carrying the mutated gene.
Answer:
Option A
Explanation:
Muscle cells are responsible for movement in the body and need huge amounts of energy to be able to continuously move the body. Which organelle would you expect to see a lot of in muscle cells?
Question 22 options:
Golgi apparatus
ribosomes
mitochondria
nucleus
Answer:
mitochondria
Explanation:
To meet this energy demand, muscle cells contain mitochondria. These organelles, commonly referred to as the cell's “power plants,” convert nutrients into the molecule ATP, which stores energy.
In the context of fluid dynamics, interference refers to
O
A. the results of two waves meeting
O
B. anything that changes the course of a wave
C. the consequences of waves hitting the shore
O
D. the effect of different mediums of waves interacting
Answer:
Option A
Explanation:
When two water wave’s interference, they superimpose on each other (after originating from a common point) there by producing bigger water waves or a smaller water waves. Thus interference can be of two types a) constructive and b) destructive. However, this concept applies exactly the same way for other wave forms such as sound waves etc.
Hence, option A is correct
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Why do plants need to be specialized to survive in arid climates?
Answer:
Area receives little precipitation.
Explanation:
Arid climate is a type of climate that receives less than 25.4 cm of rainfall throughout the year. Desert climate is called as arid climates. Rainfall in arid climates is usually irregular but when rainfall occurs then it will be huge with thunderstorm. Many plants and animals found in that climate adopt themselves from rare rainfall and they remain inactive during most of time of the year and active only on the time when rainfall occurs.Answer:
Area receives little precipitation
Explanation:
Edge nuity 2020
A cell has 12 chromosomes. How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have?
Question 8 options:
4
6
12
24
Answer:
12
Explanation:
After mitosis , two identical cells are produced with the same original number of chromosomes of the parents cells. In this case , if a cell has 12 chromosomes then each daughter cells will have 12 chromosomes after mitosis
What does a population graph with an S-curve show?
A. Negative growth
B. Survivorship data
C. Logistic growth
D. Life span
Answer: Logistic growth
Explanation: S-shaped curve produced when changing population numbers are plotted over time. It is usually summarized mathematically by the logistic equation.
A population graph with an S-curve shows logistic growth, reflecting three phases: rapid growth, slowdown, and stabilization at the environmental carrying capacity. It is a realistic model of population dynamics, governed by resource availability and environmental constraints.
A population graph with an S-curve shows logistic growth. This graph is a representation of how population sizes change over time in a more realistic manner compared to exponential growth. Initially, the growth rate of the population is exponential due to the abundance of resources and low population density. However, as the population increases, resources start to become limited, leading to a decrease in the growth rate. Eventually, the population size levels off as it reaches the carrying capacity of its environment, which is the maximum population size that the environment can sustain indefinitely.
In summary, this S-shaped curve comprises three distinct phases: rapid exponential growth, a slowdown in growth as resources become scarce, and stabilization at the carrying capacity. This model illustrates how environmental factors and resource availability can regulate population growth in natural systems.
Which best describes meiosis?
It produces cells that are identical to the original cell.
It is responsible for the replacement of damaged skin cells.
It is responsible for growth of the organism.
It produces male and female sex cells.
Answer:
It produces male and female sex cells
Explanation:
molecules are attracted to one another by van der waals forces. how do van der waals forces compare with ionic and covalent bonds
Result: Van der wall forces are weakest among ionic and covalent bonds.
Final answer:
Van der Waals forces are weak attractions between molecules, weaker than ionic and covalent bonds.
Explanation:
Van der Waals forces are weak attractions between molecules, similar to hydrogen bonds. These forces occur due to slight fluctuations in electron density, which can lead to temporary partial charges in atoms. Van der Waals forces are weaker than ionic and covalent bonds. Ionic bonds are formed by the attraction between positively and negatively charged ions, while covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms. Unlike van der Waals forces, both ionic and covalent bonds are stronger and operate within individual molecules.
What is the name of the molecule used during photosynthesis to provide the energy to make glucose?
Final answer:
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the molecule that provides energy during photosynthesis for the synthesis of glucose. Alongside ATP, NADPH is also produced and used in the process. Both ATP and NADPH are generated from the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis and are important for converting CO2 and H2O into glucose and O2.
Explanation:
The molecule used during photosynthesis to provide the energy to make glucose is adenosine triphosphate (ATP). During the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, solar energy is captured and used to convert ADP and inorganic phosphate into ATP, which then provides the energy necessary for the light-independent reactions, or the Calvin cycle, to produce glucose.
Moreover, the energy carrier molecule NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) is also generated along with ATP, which also provides the necessary reducing power for the biosynthesis of glucose from carbon dioxide.
The overall process of photosynthesis can be summarized by the chemical equation: 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy -> C6H12O6 + 6O2. This demonstrates that the energy from ATP and NADPH, generated from light energy, is crucial for the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.
Why is reproductive isolation required for a speciation to occur ?
Answer:
Explanation:
Option A is right answer: If populations can interbreed, they are considered as one species.
Speciation is the formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution. It involves the splitting of a single species into two or more genetically independent species, even if they cannot mate each other due to their physical barrier.
Reproductive isolation means the given group cannot mate with each other because of their physical barrier.
Reproductive isolation is required for speciation to avoid mating because natural selection want them to evolve differently.
Reproductive isolation, through geographic separation or mechanisms within a shared habitat, is vital for speciation to occur. This isolation blocks gene flow, enabling populations to diverge due to different selective pressures and form new, genetically independent species.
Explanation:Reproductive isolation is necessary for speciation to occur as it fosters genetic independence, eventually culminating in separate species. This could take place through two main pathways - geographic separation (allopatric speciation) and mechanisms within a shared habitat (sympatric speciation), both focusing on reproductive isolation.
For instance, if two populations become geographically isolated, the free-flow of alleles is prevented, causing different selective pressures and eventual divergence. Similarly, when sympatric speciation takes place, reproduction is blocked prior to or after fertilization using Prezygotic and postzygotic barriers respectively. This could occur through mechanisms such as unique courtship behaviors, mating seasons, or even errors in meiosis leading to polyploidy.
Ultimately, without reproductive isolation, gene flow between populations continues, preventing divergence and the formation of new species. An instance of geographic isolation can be seen when a river forms a new branch, or seeds floating over the ocean reach an isolated island and begin a new population that is genetically independent. Reproductive isolation ensures that species retain their identity and continue evolving without collapsing back into a shared gene pool.
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Robert decides to go for a run when he gets home from school. As he begins running, his breathing rate starts to increase. What are the mechanisms that cause his breathing rate to increase?
A.
The respiratory control center senses the need for more oxygen, which causes the trachea to push and pull air more forcefully.
B.
The diaphragm senses the need for more oxygen, which causes it to expand and contract more quickly in order to inflate and deflate the lungs.
C.
When carbon dioxide levels in the blood decrease, the respiratory center sends signals to the alveoli to increase the volume that they expand.
D.
When oxygen levels in the blood decrease, the respiratory center sends signals to the diaphragm to increase the rate at which it contracts and relaxes.
Answer:
A. The respiratory control center senses the need for more oxygen, which causes the trachea to push and pull air more forcefully.
Explanation:
The answer to your question is A
What is the area of the rectangle with vertices at (-6,2), (2,-2), (5,4), and (-3,8)?
Answer:
59.97 square units .
Explanation:
We are given the coordinates of the rectangle;
(-6,2), (2,-2), (5,4), and (-3,8)
To get the area of the rectangle, we can first calculate the length and the width of the rectangle.To get the length and the width we are going to use the formula for getting magnitude;Magnitude = [tex]\sqrt{((x1-x2)^2 + (y1-y2)^2)}[/tex]Thus;
Between (-6,2) and (2,-2)
Magnitude = [tex]\sqrt({(-4)^2+8^2)}[/tex]
[tex]=\sqrt{80}[/tex]
[tex]=8.94[/tex]
Between (2,-2) and (5,4)
Magnitude[tex]=\sqrt{(6^2+3^2)}[/tex]
[tex]=\sqrt{45}[/tex]
[tex]=6.708[/tex]
Therefore, the length of the rectangle is 8.94 units while the width is 6.708 units
But area of a rectangle is given by;
Area = Length × Width
Therefore;
Area = 6.708 units × 8.94 units
= 59.97 square units
Therefore the area of the rectangle is 59.97 square units .
A sub-group of individuals who suffer from a particular disease exhibit a base-pair substitution in the messenger RNA for a protein related to the disease. A researcher concludes that this form of the disease result is heritable. Which of the following, if true, would justify this conclusion?
a)There is no correlation between the incidence of the base-pair substitution and the incidence of the disease in the population.
b)The base-pair substitution does not change the amino acid that corresponds to the codon.
c)The same group of individuals exhibits a corresponding base-pair substitution in the DNA.
d)The base-pair substitution in the mRNA occurs in an intron.
Answer:
c)The same group of individuals exhibits a corresponding base-pair substitution in the DNA.
Explanation:
Heredity is a biological phenomenon extremely linked to genetics. This process is characterized by the transmission of genetic information between parents and children, through reproduction.
This genetic information is transmitted through DNA. For this reason, some genetic errors that cause diseases and mutations are passed on to the same person in a family, since they all have extremely similar DNA.
For this reason, we can say that in relation to the question above, the researcher can conclude that the disease is hereditary when the same group of individuals exhibits a corresponding base pair replacement in DNA.
Why would a red blood cell
burst when placed in a
solution of pure water?
A. The solutes rush into the cell.
B. A red blood cell would not burst if
placed in distilled water.
C. The water rushes into the cell.
Answer:
RBC burst when placed in pure water , Ans C -The water rushes into the cell. Cell swells and burst.
Explanation:
This can be understand by understanding OSMOSIS
Movement of water molecule from its higher concentration to its lower concentration through a semipermeable membrane is called OSMOSIS.
If cell is placed in any solution in which solute concentration is higher than inside the cell (HYPERTONIC SOLUTION), means water content in cell is higher then outside environment. Then the water molecule will flow from cell to the outer medium. Water molecule movement continues till concentration of solutes reaches same both in cell as well as in medium.
IF cell is placed in any solution having solute concentration lower than inside the cell. In this solution water content will be higher and solute concentration will be low (HYPOTONIC SOLUTION). Water movement will be inside the cell from the outer environment. As the result Cell swells and ultimately burst because of excess water content.
IF cell is placed in ISOTONIC SOLUTION, where concentration is same both in cell and outer environment, No movement of water molecules takes place.
Which of the following includes all the others? A. Sucrose b. Glucose c. Cellulose d. Glycogen e. Carbohydrate
Answer:c
Explanation:I just did the test
The term 'Carbohydrate' includes all the others: sucrose, glucose, cellulose, and glycogen. This is because these are all specific types of carbohydrates, with sucrose and glucose being simple carbohydrates and cellulose and glycogen being complex ones.
Explanation:The correct answer to this question is e. Carbohydrate. This is because carbohydrates act as a broad category that includes all the other choices listed. Sucrose, glucose, cellulose, and glycogen are all specific types of carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are a type of biomolecule, primarily serving as energy storage. Sucrose and glucose are both simple carbohydrates, also known as sugars. Cellulose and glycogen are complex carbohydrates. The latter is primarily stored in animal tissues, especially the liver and muscle. Cellulose is a main substance in the walls of plant cells, helping plants to remain stiff and strong.
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Nitrogen is the most common element in the air. Why do bacteria play a role in the nitrogen cycle
SOS
Bacteria play a role in the nitrogen cycle because:
The bacteria’s helps in breaking down the organic materials which has nitrogen in it, and helps in giving the nitrogen back to the cycle. Bacteria helps in breaking down of the leaves and then it diffuses the nitrogen to the soil. Prokaryotes also plays an important role in the nitrogen cycle. The nitrogen fixing bacteria present in the root zone of plants basically in the soil, helps in conversion of the nitrogen into ammonia. Then the nitrifying bacteria converts the ammonia to the nitrites or can say nitrates.
Cancer cells can reproduce rapidly because they
Question 4 options:
are smaller than normal cells.
bypass interphase.
undergo mitosis faster
spend less time in interphase
Cancer cells can reproduce rapidly because they spend less time in interphase. This leads to faster cell division and growth of the cancer.
Explanation:Cancer cells have the ability to divide and reproduce rapidly because they spend less time in interphase. Interphase is the phase of the cell cycle in which a typical cell spends most of its life. During this phase, the cell grows, duplicates its DNA, and prepares for division. Cancer cells, however, have mutations that allow them to bypass some controls that normally regulate the cell cycle. As a result, they often spend less time in interphase compared to normal cells, leading to faster cell division and growth of the cancer.
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An adaptation is a characteristic or behavior that helps an organism survive in its environment. Watch this video about how the sundew plant survives. Use evidence from the video to explain the plant’s adaptations.
Answer:
As the video is not available, let's have a general look at some of the adaptations of the sundew plant:
The sundew plants have a mucilage which is a sticky substance. This allows the plant to capture its prey and digest it. This gel-like sticky substance is present on the tentacles as well as the leaves of the sundew plant. This adaptation allows sundew plants to survive even in soils where there are little or no nutrients as they can get the energy from the insects they capture and digest.
The sundew plant has several adaptations that help it survive in its environment, such as sticky traps to capture insects, chemical attractants to lure prey, and enzymes for prey digestion.
Explanation:An adaptation is a characteristic or behavior that helps an organism survive in its environment. In the case of the sundew plant, it has several adaptations that allow it to thrive.
Sticky Traps: The sundew plant has leaf hairs covered in a sticky substance. These hairs act as traps that capture insects. When an insect gets stuck, the plant releases enzymes to dissolve the insect and absorb its nutrients.Chemical Attractants: The sundew plant produces attractive scents and bright colors to lure insects towards it. This adaptation helps the plant attract more prey.Prey Digestion: Once the plant captures its prey, it secretes enzymes that break down the insect's body into basic nutrients that the plant can absorb. This allows the sundew to obtain important nutrients that may be lacking in its environment.Overall, these adaptations allow the sundew plant to supplement its nutrient intake and survive in nutrient-poor environments.
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The Domain Archaea wasn't recognized as a major domain of life until the twentieth century ?
TRUE
FALSE
Answer:
true
Explanation:
(c) Describe the relationship between the concentration of glucose in the culture medium and the ATP concentration in the cells.
glucose O2 ATP
1.5mM 0 0.3
1.5 mM 5 0.65
1.5 mM 10 0.75
1.5 mM 21 0.85
25 mM 0 0.4
25 mM 5 0.7
25 mM 10 0.8
25 mM
Answer:
(c)
The relationship between the ATP concentration in the cells is directly proportional to the glucose in culture medium
ATP concentration in cells ∝ glucose in culture medium
Answer:
The energy production in the cell is directly proportional to the availability of glucose and oxygen.
Explanation:
In a cell, energy is produced by Oxidative phosphorylation of glucose. It involves 3 steps Glycolysis, Kreb cycle, and Electron Transport Chain.
In Electron Transport Chain Oxygen work as electron acceptor.
The energy production in the cell is directly proportional to the availability of glucose and oxygen.
If we increase the oxygen concentration with the same amount of glucose in media the ATP production will increase but after certain, the increase will reach the constant. This is also shown in the data given in the question.
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Of the following amino acids, which is the least likely to form strong interactions with other amino acids that contribute to the tertiary structure of a given protein?
A. Histidine
B. Glutamate
C.Cysteine
D. Glycine
E. Serine
PLEASE PROVIDE EXPLANATION!
What questions are addressed in an in vitro
experiment of a new drug?
Answer:
There are many questions which arise when testing a new drug. The main question that arises is whether the new drug has passed all the experimental phases and is suitable enough to be used for humans.
The first-pass metabolism has to be questioned for the drug. The side effects of the drug should be kept into consideration and should be questioned.
Questions related to the first trial of the drug have to be kept into consideration.
Final answer:
In vitro experiments of new drugs address questions related to the drug's absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME). They involve various assays to predict how a drug might behave in the human body and are critical for guiding subsequent drug development processes. Although useful, in vitro results need to be validated with in vivo data due to differences in complexity.
Explanation:
Key In Vitro Experiment Questions
In the context of drug discovery and development, an in vitro experiment of a new drug primarily addresses questions related to the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) of new chemical entities. These are crucial aspects in the initial phases of drug discovery. Major in vitro model systems are used to investigate these characteristics, enabling researchers to predict how the drug might behave in the human body. Regular validation of in vitro models with in vivo data is essential to ensure that the findings are predictive of how the drug will perform in clinical trials.
During the pharmacokinetic evaluation phase, these in vitro experiments provide valuable insights, such as drug permeability using assays like parallel artificial membrane permeability assays (PAMPA) or cell lines like Caco-2 and MDCK, binding to plasma proteins, liver microsomal stability, and the identification of potential harmful metabolites. It is through these findings that researchers can guide the chemical synthesis of new drugs, hypothesize about the drugs’ behavior in vivo, and design further studies to validate these predictions
Furthermore, based on in vitro data, certain clinical studies may even be waived, as the FDA recognizes in vitro assays as good predictors. However, despite their utility in ranking compounds for further study, in vitro experiments are not always perfectly reflective of in vivo outcomes due to their relative simplicity. Hence, they are often used as an initial screening tool prior to more comprehensive in vivo studies in animal models.
Which statement best summarizes the central idea of Applications of Newton’s Law
Answer:
Newton’s laws can explain the forces that occur between objects every day.
Explanation:
Answer:
the answer is A
Explanation:
just got it right