Explanation:
There are three states of matter:
1) Solid: In this state, the particles lie closer to each other. there is a strong intermolecular force of attraction between the particles.
2) Liquid: In this state, the particles are at a certain distance to each other. There is an intermediate intermolecular force of attraction between the particles.
3) Gas: In this state, the particles are farther from each other. There is weaker intermolecular force of attraction between the particles.
As the number of carbon atoms in a molecule increases, the number of particles increases and the particles will come closer to each other. Hence, the state of matter will shift towards the solid state.
Viscosity is defined as the tendency to resist the particles to flow. As, the number of carbon atoms increases, the Vander-Walls forces increases, the particles are closer to each other and Hence, the viscosity will increase.
A neutral atom has a mass number of 108 and in atomic number of 47 which atom is this? explain how you know.
^how many Protons electrons and neutrons are in this Atom. Show your calculation or explain how you determine each number
An Adam with an atomic number of 35 makes an ion with a negative 1 charge. Which atom is this? explain how you know.
^ How many electron's does this ion have? Explain how you came to this answer
Which description correctly identifies the cation, the anion, and the formula for the compound they create? A cation = Cl– anion = H+ formula = HCl B cation = Mg+ anion = Cl– formula = MgCl C cation = Na+ anion = Cl– formula = ClNa D cation = Ca+2 anion = Cl– formula = CaCl2
Answer: D
Cation: [tex]\text{Ca}^{2+}[/tex]Anion: [tex]\text{Cl}^{-}[/tex]Formula: CaCl₂ExplanationCations are ions that carry one or more positive charges. Anions are ions that carry one or more negative charges.Electrons have negative charges. Atoms are originally neutral. They turn positive and form cations when they lose electrons. They turn negative and form anions when they gain electrons.
The superscript next to an ion shows its charge. By convention, the size of the charge is written in front of the sign of the charge. For example, "[tex]1-[/tex]" indicates a negative charge of one. "[tex]2+[/tex]" indicates a positive charge of two.
The choices include only elements from the s block and the p block. They are main group elements. Charges of their ions can be predicted.
In case the name of the element ends in -ium. The element is likely to be a metal. It tends to lose electrons to form a cation. It will lose all its valence electrons in most cases. The number of valence electrons in a main group metal atom (1, 2, 3, etc.) is the same as the last digit of its IUPAC group number. As a result, that number will also be the charge of the ion that it forms.Otherwise, the element is likely to be a nonmetal. It seeks to have eight valence electrons. However, most nonmetals have less than that number. It tends to gain the missing electron or electrons. By doing so, it will form an anion. All of the known nonmetals are in the main group. Like metals from the main group, the number of valence electrons in a nonmetal atom (4, 5, 6, 7, or 8) is the same as the last digit of its IUPAC group number. Subtracting that number from eight will give the number of electrons added to the atom when it forms an anion. The result will also be the charge on the anion that it forms. For example, chlorine Cl has IUPAC group number 17. It has 7 valence electrons. [tex]8 - 1 = 7[/tex]. It will accept one extra electron. As a result, its anion [tex]\text{Cl}^{-}[/tex] will have a charge of -1. The rule above does not work for hydrogen H. An H atom has only one valence electron. It tends to lose that electron to form the [tex]\text{H}^{+}[/tex] ion, with a charge of +1.Also by convention, cations shall go in front of anions in a chemical formula. Their should balance the charge on each other. For example, [tex](+2) + 2 \times (-1) = 0[/tex]. Two ions of charge -1 would combine with one ion of charge +2 to form a neutral compound.
Choice A:
[tex]\text{Cl}^{-}[/tex] is an anion, not a cation.
Choice B:
Magnesium Mg is in IUPAC group 2. It has two valence electrons. It tends to lose both of them to form an [tex]\text{Mg}^{2+}[/tex] ion with a charge of +2. The [tex]\text{Mg}^{+}[/tex] ion with a charge of +1 might be too unstable to become part of an ionic compound.
Choice C:
[tex]\text{Na}^{+}[/tex] is a cation and has a positive charge. By convention, it should go in front of [tex]\text{Cl}^{-}[/tex], which is an anion and has a negative charge. The formula should be NaCl.
Choice D:
Calcium Ca is also in IUPAC group 2. Similar to Mg, it has two valence electrons and tends to form a [tex]\text{Ca}^{2+}[/tex] ion. Each [tex]\text{Ca}^{2+}[/tex] ion shall combine with two [tex]\text{Cl}^{-}[/tex] ions for their charges to balance. Hence the formula CaCl₂.
Option D is the correct choice. The cation is Ca+2, the anion is Cl-, and the compound they form is CaCl2, called Calcium chloride. The chemical formula is written such that the charges balance out.
Explanation:The correct choice that identifies the cation, the anion, and the formula for the compound they create correctly is Option D. The cation in this case is Ca+2 and the anion is Cl–. When these two combine, they form the compound CaCl2, also known as Calcium chloride. In a compound, the cation is always written first followed by the anion. The charges must balance out, hence for Ca+2 (Calcium) and Cl- (Chloride) to balance, two chloride ions are needed for every one calcium ion, hence the formula CaCl2.
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Identify the formula for the binary covalent compound,
phosphorus pentabromide.
A.
PBr5
B.
PBr5
C.
5PBr
D.
P5Br
Answer:
A. PBr5
Explanation:
To write the formulas for a compound, first identify what the elements used are.
In phosphorus pentabromide, the elements are phosphorus and bromine (bromine => bromide in a compound name). Find these symbols on your periodic table.
Phosphorus = P
Bromine = Br
Write them one after the other:
PBr
Then, determine the number of each atom, which will be written as a subscript. The word penta is the greek prefix meaning 5. Since it's attached to "bromide", there are 5 bromine atoms.
PBr₅
The formula for the binary covalent compound phosphorus pentabromide is PBr5. This is due to the 'penta' prefix indicating five atoms of bromine and one atom of phosphorus.
Explanation:The correct formula for the binary covalent compound phosphorus pentabromide is PBr5. The prefix 'penta' indicates five, so pentabromide implies there are 5 bromine (Br) atoms. Phosphorus (P), in this case, does not have a prefix, which means there is one phosphorus atom. Therefore, combining one atom of phosphorus with five atoms of bromine gives us PBr5.
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In the balancing chemical equations simulation on phet, were you able to use noninteger numbers (like ? or 0.43) for the coefficients in a balanced equation? Why or why not?
Answer: No, we cannot use non-integer numbers for the coefficients in a balanced equation.
Explanation: In a chemical equation, the coefficients are used to determine the number of atoms. As atom is the smallest unit and it cannot be present in fractional form.
So, to write the balanced chemical equations, the coefficients must be natural numbers which starts from 1.
In the balancing chemical equations simulation on PhET or similar tools, you typically cannot use non-integer numbers like decimals or fractions for coefficients in a balanced equation. This limitation exists for several reasons:
Chemical Reality: Chemical reactions involve the rearrangement of atoms and molecules on a discrete scale. Atoms cannot be broken down into fractions or decimals in a chemical reaction. They exist as whole entities, making integer coefficients necessary to represent the actual number of atoms or molecules involved.
Stoichiometry: Balancing equations is critical for stoichiometry, which involves the quantitative relationship between reactants and products. Non-integer coefficients would complicate stoichiometric calculations, making them less accurate and practical.
Chemical Laws: Chemical reactions are governed by fundamental laws, such as the Law of Conservation of Mass, which states that mass is conserved in chemical reactions. Integer coefficients ensure that mass is balanced correctly in the equation.
While non-integer coefficients may be used in certain theoretical contexts, in practical chemical equations and simulations, integer coefficients are used to accurately represent the actual chemical processes and to make stoichiometric calculations feasible and precise.
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How many protons, neutrons, and electrons would be found in flourine - 20?
In the most common isotope of fluorine, fluorine-19, it has 19 electrons, 9 protons and 10 neutrons. Hope this helps you! Good luck!!
Who is the chemist who is given credit for developing the modern periodic table?
No answer provided
a. Mendeleev
b. Newlands
c. Dobereiner
d. Moseley
Answer:
Mendeleev
Explanation:
what number of electrons balances the charges in this half reaction
[tex]so2 +2h2o so {4}^{2 -} + 4h + [/tex]
Answer : Two electrons balances the charges in this half reaction.
Explanation :
The given half reaction is,
[tex]SO_2+2H_2O\rightarrow SO^{2-}_4+4H^+[/tex]
In this half reaction, there is no charges present on the left side of the reaction but on right side of the reaction, (2+) charge is present. So, two electrons (2-) are added on the right side of the reaction for balances the charge of the half reaction.
The balanced half reaction is,
[tex]SO_2+2H_2O\rightarrow SO^{2-}_4+4H^++2e^-[/tex]
Hence, two electrons balances the charges in this half reaction.
How much heat is absorbed by a 56g iron skillet when its temperature rises from 7oC to 28oC?
The heat absorbed is calculated with the help of the formula,
Q = mCΔT
Q is heat absorbed, m is mass given as 56 gms, C is the specific heat of iron, that is, 0.449 J/g°C, and delta T is the change in temperature, which is 28 - 7 = 21°C
Thus, Q = 56 × 0.449 × 21 = 528 J
All waves on the electromagnetic spectrum travel at the same speed in a vacuum.The speed of these waves in a vacuum is 3x108 m/s.As the wavelength of wave doubles,how does the speed and frequency of the wave change
The wavelength (λ), speed (c) and the frequency (ν) of a wave are related as:
ν = c/λ -----(1)
The speed of the waves is a constant in vacuum i.e. it remains at 3*10⁸ m/s. therefore, it will not change with changes in wavelength or frequency.
Let us consider:
ν1 = initial frequency and λ1 = initial wavelength
ν2 = final frequency and λ2 = final wavelength = 2(λ1)
based on equation (1) we have:
ν1/ν2 = λ2/λ1 = 2(λ1)/λ1 = 2
therefore: ν2 = 1/2(ν1)
The frequency will get reduced by one-half as the wavelength doubles.
When a reaction occurs between atoms with ground state electron configuration 1s2 2s1 and 1s2 2s2 2p5 the predominant type of bond formed is
Answer:
Ionic
Explanation:
Step 1: Define
1s²2s¹ is Lithium (Li)
1s²2s²2p⁵ is Chlorine (Cl)
Step 2: RxN
2Li (s) + Cl₂ (g) → 2LiCl (s)
Step 3: Identify
LiCl is a metal and a non-metal bonded together. Therefore, it will be an ionic bond. The Lithium would transfer it's electron to Chlorine (since it wants a full outer shell 0f 8 and it currently as 7) and form a salt.
How many atoms are there in 2 moles of sodium?
A. 6.02 × 10^23 atoms
B. 1.2 × 10^24 atoms
C. 3.32 × 10^24 atoms
D. 2.4 × 10^25 atoms
(NOT A OR D)
B.
One mole of any element or compound contains 6.02x10^23 particles (atoms or molecules)
One mole of a compound has 6.02x10^23 molecules
One mole of an element has 6.02x10^23 atoms
Therefore, 2 moles would have the double of 6.02x10^23 atoms
How much fluorine (in grams) does the second sample produce?
I divided 2.58kg of fluorine by the 1.24kg of magnesium, but I'm not sure that's the right way to do this. Should I cross multiply? I read the page in the book, and it had nothing to do with a problem like this.
Answer: 1.94 kg
Explanation: Given : [tex]MgF_2\rightarrow Mg+F_2[/tex]
Sample 1 produces 1.65 kg of Mg and 2.58 kg of [tex]F_2[/tex].
As every chemical reaction follows law of conservation of mass, which says that the mass of products must be equal to the mass of reactants.
Thus mass of [tex]MgF_2[/tex] should be 1.65+2.58 kg = 4.23 kg
1.65 kg of Mg was produced by 4.23 kg of [tex]MgF_2[/tex]
Now the second sample produces 1.24 kg of Mg.
1.24 kg of Mg will be produced by=[tex]\frac{4.23}{1.65}\times {1.24}=3.18 kg[/tex]
Now again law of conservation of mass is to be followed so mass of [tex]F_2[/tex] will be= mass of [tex]MgF_2[/tex] - mass of [tex]Mg[/tex]
=(3.18 kg -1.24 kg) = 1.94 kg
unlike the jungles you see in movies, the floor of an i disturbed tropical rain forest usually has little vegetation. explain why it lacks vegetation
Because in The jungle almost no sunlight hits the floor so plants are able to live.
The dense canopy layer of the tropical rainforest obstructs sunlight from reaching the forest floor, making it difficult for plants to grow. Despite the lack of light, the forest maintains high net productivity due to ideal weather conditions.
Explanation:The primary reason why the floor of an undisturbed tropical rainforest lacks vegetation is due to the dense canopy layer of the rainforest. The constant interlocking of broad leaves and branches in the upper parts of the trees, known as the canopy, blocks most of the sunlight from reaching the forest floor.
Nevertheless, the rainforest still maintains a high net primary productivity due to the ideal annual temperatures and precipitation values that are perfect for plant growth. However, due to the shaded conditions, only a sparse layer of plants and decaying plant matter can typically survive on the forest floor.
The tall trees that form this dense canopy have adapted to grow in close proximity to each other so as to efficiently use the available light in the canopy. This makes the floor of a rainforest much darker and less hospitable to the growth of a large number of plant species compared to the typical lush, green jungle often depicted in movies.
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Name the element that has a full s and p orbital in the second period.
Answer: Neon
Explanation: The second period involves elements with n =2 i.e. the elements have electrons in second shell. The element with filled s and p orbitals will have outer electronic configuration [tex]2s^22p^6[/tex]
Thus the element with filled orbital will be a noble gas. It will have total of 10 electrons and the element will be neon with complete outer electronic configuration will be:
[tex]1s^22s^22p^6[/tex]
Acetylcholine binds to its receptor in the sarcolemma and triggers __________.
a. the opening of voltage-gated calcium channels
b. the opening of ligand-gated cation channels
c. the opening of calcium-release channels
d. the opening of ligand-gated anion channels
Acetylcholine binds to its receptor in the sarcolemma and triggers B. The opening of ligand-gated cation channels.
Acetylcholine refers to an organic chemical that functions in the brain. It's typically a chemical message that's released by the nerve cells in order to send signals to the other cells like the muscles cells, neurons, etc.
When acetylcholine binds to its receptor in the sarcolemma, this lead to the triggering of the opening of ligand-gated cation channels. These is vital for controlling synaptic transmission between the neurons.
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What term is used to describe the energy level of any level higher than the ground state of a particle?
A. Photon state
B. Excited state
C. Higher state
D. Emission state
Answer:
B. Excited state
Explanation:
Energy levels higher than the ground state are called the excited states. This concept is based on the premise that electrons can move round the nucleus in certain permissibe orbits or energy levels.
The ground state is the lowest energy state available to the electron. This is usually the most stable state.
The excited state is any level higher than the ground state. An electron in an energy level has a definite amount of energy associated with it at that level.
PLEASE HELP What is the mass of sodium in 50 grams of salt? Show your work.
50 grams salt
Volume of 50 Grams of Salt
50 Grams of Salt =
2.78 Tablespoons
8.33 Teaspoons
0.17 U.S. Cups
0.14 Imperial Cups
Answer:
19,7g of Na
Explanation:
The molecular formula of common salt is NaCl, the molar mass is molar mass of Na + molar mass of Cl:
22,99g/mol + 35,45 g/mol = 58,44 g/mol
Thus, 50g of NaCl contains:
50g × (1mol / 58,44g) = 0,856 moles.
If 1 mole of Na are 22,99g, 0,856 moles are:
0,856 moles × (22,99g / 1mol) = 19,7g of Na
I hope it helps!
list 2 extensive properties and 3 intensive properties of a 5.0g, 1 cm3 cube of silver
Properties of matter can be broadly classified into two categories:
Physical properties which usually involve a change in the state of matter and Chemical properties which involve a change in the chemical composition of matter.
Now, physical properties can be further classified as:
Extensive: these depend on the amount of the substance, eg: mass, volume
Intensive: these do not depend on the amount of the substance eg: density, color, melting point, boiling point
Here we are given a 5.0 g and 1 cm3 silver cube :
Therefore:
Extensive properties are-
1) Mass of silver = 5.0 g
2) Volume of silver = 1 cm3
Intensive properties are:
1) Density of silver = mass/volume = 5.0 g/ 1 cm3 = 5.0 g/cm3
2) Melting point of silver = 962 C
3) Color = white/gray
Be sure to answer all parts. Dinitrogen difluoride, N2F2, is the only stable, simple inorganic molecule with an N=N bond. The compound occurs in cis and trans forms. (a) Select which of the molecular shapes of N2F2 correspond to the cis and trans form of N2F2. I h5a II h5b III h5c cis-dinitrogen fluoride: I II III trans-dinitrogen fluoride: I II III (b) Predict the polarity, if any, of each form. cis = polar; trans = polar cis = polar; trans = nonpolar cis = nonpolar; trans = polar cis = nonpolar; trans = nonpolar
(a) The molecular shapes of cis and Trans forms of N2F2 are-
b) There is EN difference between N atom and F atom. Hence the molecule will have a bond dipole.
In Cis form two fluorine atoms are on the same side of N N bond. Hence, bond moment in N2F2 cis form) do not cancel each other. Thus the cis form is polar.
In the trans form two fluorine atoms are on the opposite side of N-N bond. Bond moment of NF cancels each other.
Thus: trans N2F2 is non polar molecule.
Answer:
(a) The molecular shapes of cis and Trans forms of N2F2 are-
b) There is EN difference between N atom and F atom. Hence the molecule will have a bond dipole.
In Cis form two fluorine atoms are on the same side of N N bond. Hence, bond moment in N2F2 cis form) do not cancel each other. Thus the cis form is polar.
In the trans form two fluorine atoms are on the opposite side of N-N bond. Bond moment of NF cancels each other.
Thus: trans N2F2 is non polar molecule.
HELP!
What is a property of an ionic compound?
Select all that apply.
conducts electricity and heat efficiently
insulates against heat and electricity
resists melting at high temperatures
remains intact when soaked in water
Answer: conducts electricity and heat efficiently, resists melting at high temperatures.
Explanation: Ionic compounds are formed by transference of electrons and leads to generation of cations and anions which are held by strong coloumbic forces. eg: NaCl
Ionic compounds when dissolved in water dissociates into ions and thus are good conductors of heat and electricity.
They are conductors not insulators.
They have very high melting points as they are held by strong coloumbic forces.
They dissociate into ions when dissolved in water.
[tex]NaCl\rightarrow Na^++Cl^-[/tex]
Ionic compounds conduct electricity and heat efficiently, resist melting at high temperatures and can remain intact when soaked in water because of their ionic bonds formed due to the exchange of electrons between a metal and a nonmetal.
The properties of an ionic compound include their tendency to conduct electricity and heat efficiently, to resist melting at high temperatures, and to remain intact when soaked in water. Ionic compounds are formed when a metal and nonmetal exchange electrons, creating ions that are attracted to each other due to their opposite charges. Since their positively and negatively charged ions can move freely when they're dissolved or melted, they can conduct heat and electricity efficiently.
The strong ionic bonds in an ionic compound make them resist melting at high temperatures. Lastly, ionic compounds will remain intact but not dissolve in nonpolar solvents like oil, but they will dissolve in polar solvents like water, hence they can remain intact when soaked in water.
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For diffusion to occur, which condition must be met?
A) A concentration gradient must exist.
B) A hypotonic external environment is required.
C) A hypertonic external environment is required.
D) Dynamic equilibrium must exist.
Answer:
A) A concentration gradient must exist.
Explanation:
For diffusion to occur there must be a concentration gradient. Diffusion occurs when particles move from a region of high concentration to a region of lower concentration. Diffusion occurs until there is equal concentration on both sides. Diffusion stops when concentration equilibrium is reached.
For diffusion to occur, the condition that must be met is: A) A concentration gradient must exist.
What condition must be met for diffusion?Diffusion requires a concentration gradient to occur. In other words, there must be a difference in the concentration of a substance between two regions. When there is a higher concentration of a substance in one area compared to another, the particles of that substance will naturally move from the region of higher concentration to the region of lower concentration.
This movement continues until equilibrium is reached where the concentration becomes equalized. Therefore, the presence of a concentration gradient is a crucial condition for diffusion to take place. Therefore, the Option A is correct.
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Which of the following best describes how further studies supported Joseph Proust's discovery about proportion of elements in water?
Max Planck discovered the Planck's constant.
John Dalton proposed that matter is made of tiny particles.
James Chadwick discovered neutral particles in the nucleus of the atom.
Niels Bohr determined that electrons inhabit distinct energy levels.
Answer is: John Dalton proposed that matter is made of tiny particles.
Proust's law or law of constant composition said that a given chemical compound always contains its component elements in fixed ratio and does not depend on method of preparation.
Water (H₂O) is made of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom:
m(H) : m(O) = 2·1 : 16 = 1: 8.
Dalton said that matter is composed of atoms and atoms of different elements can join to form chemical compound.
Ce procent de impuritati contine un minereu de siderit, daca din 1500kg minereu s-au obtinut 700kg fier 90% ?
FeCO3 ==> Fe + produsi minoritari.
m Fe impur= 700 kg
puritatea (p) = masa pura (mp)/ masa impura (mi) x 100
mp= p x mi / 100 sau mp = p/100 x mi => mp Fe = 90/100 x 700 = 630 kg Fe pur.
M FeCO3= 115.85 kg/kmol
115.85 kg FeCO3 .... 55.85 kg Fe
x kg FeCO3 ........630 kg Fe
x= 630 * 115.85 /55.85 = 1306.81 kg FeCO3 (mp in formula puritatii)
p=mp/mi x 100
mi FeCO3 = 1500 kg
mp FeCO3=1306.81 kg
p=1306.81 / 1500 x 100 = 87.12% puritate Siderit
Answer:
It has 12.84% of impurity
Explanation:
You obtained 700 kg 90% purity of Fe, so you have:
[tex]m_{Fe}=700 kg*0.9=630kg[/tex]
Those 630 kg are the mass of Fe contained in the original sample of 1500 kg in the from of Siderit.
The other substeances that aren't Siderit in the sample can be considered impurities.
Siderit: [tex]FeCO_3[/tex]
[tex]M_{siderit}=115.8 kg/kmol[/tex]
[tex]M_{Fe}=55.8 kg/kmol[/tex]
The mass of siderit:
[tex]m=630 kg Fe*\frac{115.8 kg Siderit}{55.8 kg Fe}=1307.4 kg Siderit[/tex]
[tex]m_{impurities}=1500kg-1307.4kg=192.6kg[/tex]
Percentaje of impurity:
[tex]P=\frac{192.6kg}{1500kg}*100=12.84[/tex]
What do the lines around the finger of the doorknob represent?
The lines around the finger of the doorknob represent the electric force on the charged objects.
When does the electron shown release the greatest amount of energy as it moves from one level to another?
G.S. to S.1.
S.1. to G.S.
S.1. to S.2.
S.2. to S.1.
Answer:
S.1 to G.S.
Explanation:
I just did the test myself, and it was 100% correct.
Good luck, hope it helps.
What is the molarity of a saline solution that contains 0.900 g NaCl (58.44 g/mol) dissolved in 100.0 mL of solution?
The molarity of a saline solution that contain 0.900 g NaCl (58.44 g/mol) dissolved in 100.0 ml solution is 0.15 M
calculation
Molarity = moles /volume in liters
volume in liters = 100.0 ml / 1000 = 0.1 L
moles = mass÷ molar mass
= 0.900 g ÷58.44 g/mol =0.015 moles
molarity is therefore = 0.015 moles / 0.1 L =0.15 M
What is produced in a double-displacement reaction?
A one new compound
B always a precipitate and a gas
C two pure metallic elements
D two new compounds
The correct answer is option D, that is, two new compounds.
Double displacement also known as double replacement reactions, metathesis or exchange reactions. It take place when two ionic compounds are exchanged forming two new compounds. One can consider the reaction as swapping the anions or the cations.
Water usually functions as the solvent for a double replacement reaction, and the products and reactants are generally ionic compounds, however, they can also be bases or acids. The example of a double replacement reaction is:
BaCl₂ (aq) + Na₂SO₄ (aq) = BaSO₄ (s) + 2NaCl (aq)
In this, the cations are Na⁺ and Ba²⁺, and the anions are SO₄²⁻ and Cl⁻. If the anions or cations are swapped, the products obtained are BaSO₄ and NaCl.
In a double-displacement reaction, two ionic compounds exchange ions in aqueous solution to form two new compounds, often resulting in a precipitate, a gas, or a molecular compound. The correct answer to the given question is option D, two new compounds.
In a double-displacement reaction, two compounds exchange ions to form two new compounds. This typically happens between two ionic compounds in aqueous solution.
The most common outcomes of such reactions are the formation of a solid precipitate, a gas, or a molecular compound like water. The correct answer to what is produced in a double-displacement reaction is D, two new compounds.
An example would be mixing aqueous solutions of potassium iodide (KI) and lead (II) nitrate (Pb(NO₃)₂), resulting in the formation of lead (II) iodide (PbI₂), a precipitate, and potassium nitrate (KNO₃), which remains in solution. This occurs because the lead (II) iodide that is formed is insoluble in water and precipitates out, signifying a successful reaction.
A container holds 500. ML of CO2 at 20.° C and 742 torr. What will be the volume of the CO2 if the pressure is increased to 795 torr?
Answer: 466.67 ml
Explanation:
Boyle's Law: This law states that pressure is inversely proportional to the volume of the gas at constant temperature and number of moles.
[tex]P\propto \frac{1}{V}[/tex] (At constant temperature and number of moles)
Thus
[tex]P_1V_1=P_2V_2[/tex] [according to Boyle's law]
[tex]742torr\times 500ml=795torr\times V_2[/tex]
[tex]V_2=466.67ml[/tex]
Answer : The volume of [tex]CO_2[/tex] will be 0.4665 L
Solution : Given,
Initial volume = 500 ml = 0.5 L (1 L = 1000 ml)
Initial pressure = 742 torr = [tex]\frac{742}{760}=0.976atm[/tex] [tex](1atm=760torr)[/tex]
Final pressure = 795 torr = [tex]\frac{795}{760}=1.046atm[/tex]
According to the Boyle's law, the pressure of the gas is inversely proportional to the volume of the gas at constant temperature.
[tex]P\propto \frac{1}{V}[/tex]
or, [tex]\frac{P_1}{P_2}=\frac{V_2}{V_1}[/tex]
where,
[tex]P_1[/tex] = initial pressure of the gas
[tex]P_2[/tex] = final pressure of the gas
[tex]V_1[/tex] = initial volume of the gas
[tex]V_2[/tex] = final volume of the gas
Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get
[tex]\frac{P_1}{P_2}=\frac{V_2}{V_1}[/tex]
[tex]\frac{0.976atm}{1.046atm}=\frac{V_2}{0.5L}[/tex]
By rearranging the terms, we get the final volume of the gas.
[tex]V_2=0.4665L[/tex]
Therefore, the volume of [tex]CO_2[/tex] will be 0.4665 L
URGENT!!!!!20PTS!!!!!!!!
Water is produced from the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen gas, according to the equation below. What is the excess reactant in the reaction of 4.2 moles of hydrogen with 3.0 moles of oxygen? 2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(l)
Answer: Oxygen is the excess reactant.
Explanation: [tex]2H_2+O_2\rightarrow 2H_2O[/tex]
As can be seen from the given chemical equation, 2 moles of hydrogen gas react with 1 mole of oxygen gas.
4.2 moles of hydrogen gas react with[tex]=\frac{1}{2}\times {4.2}=2.1mole[/tex] of oxygen gas.
Thus hydrogen is the limiting reagent as it limits the formation of product. And oxygen is the excess reagent as it is present in excess. (3-2.1) = 0.9 moles of oxygen are left as such.
In a chemical reaction, the __________ is consumed completely during the reaction. A) stoichiometry B) excess reagent C) ideal compound D) limiting reactant
I believe it is D. because stoichiometry allows people to determine how much reactant is consumed in a chemical reaction.
Final answer:
The answer to the chemical reaction question is D) limiting reactant. It is the substance that is completely used up first in a reaction, determining the maximum amount of product that can be produced.
Explanation:
In a chemical reaction, the limiting reactant is consumed completely during the reaction. The correct answer to the question is D) limiting reactant. A limiting reactant (or limiting reagent) is the substance that is entirely used up first in a chemical reaction, and it limits the amount of product that can be formed. Once the limiting reactant is used up, the reaction cannot proceed further, even if other reactants are still present in excess.
The excess reagent, on the other hand, is the reactant that remains after the reaction has gone to completion because it was present in a larger quantity than necessary according to the stoichiometric ratio defined by the balanced chemical equation.
To determine the limiting reactant in a chemical reaction, it is essential to compare the mole ratio of the reactants to the stoichiometric ratio from the balanced equation. The reactant in the smallest stoichiometric amount is the limiting reactant.