how many carbon atoms are in 4.00g of butane

The mixing of salt and pepper is a physical change because they both combine and changes form but there is no change in composition.

The physical change is defined as change in physical properties but there is no change in chemical composition.

The physical change is reversible and this change does not form any new substance.

The chemical change is defined as change in chemical composition. In this change one substance can change in one or more substance.

The chemical change is irreversible as it forms new substance.

Thus, mixing of salt and pepper is a physical change because they both combine and changes form but there is no change in composition.

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Answer:

Several properties (listed in the explanation)

Explanation:

The volume and density of air change with changes in temperature, T.

There are several things that take place:

As the temperature of air increases:

1. the volume increases - The gas particles have more kinetic energy to move hence the increase in volume. The kinetic energy is directly related to temperature as the energy is derived from the energies of the particles

2. the density decreases- there is less mass of air per unit volume. The air particles are not closely bound together

As the temperature of air decreases:

1. The volume decreases - the air particles lose kinetic energy and are close together.

2. the density increases - there is more weight per unit volume due to lower kinetic energy.

The option involved in a scientific inquiry is coming up with questions based on observation and reasoning.Hence option (C) is correct.

Scientific inquiry have 2 functions : initial, to supply a descriptive account of however scientific inquiry is allotted in observe, and second, to supply associate instructive  account of why scientific inquiry succeeds additionally because it seems to try and do in inbound at real information.

Scientific inquiry refers to the ways that during which scientists study the flora and fauna and propose explanations supported proof derived from their work.

Scientists use 3 kinds of investigations to analysis and develop explanations for events within the nature: descriptive investigation, comparative investigation, and experimental investigation.

Therefore, The option involved in a scientific inquiry is coming up with questions based on observation and reasoning. Hence option (C) is correct.

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Answer: Option (B) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

Elements of same group tend to show similar chemical properties because elements of same group show same number of valence electrons.

Therefore, they have similar chemical properties.

For example, nitrogen and phosphorous are both group 15 elements and they show similar chemical properties.

Thus, we can conclude that because they are in the same family, we can predict about these elements that they are chemically reactive in a similar way.

Answer: Option (A) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

A bar which is magnetic in nature actually has magnetic poles at its end. One end is south pole and the other one is north pole.

And it is known that opposite poles attract each other. Therefore, when north pole comes near south pole then due to force of attraction these poles are attracted towards each other.

Thus, we can conclude that at both poles they should expect the magnetic force of the bar magnet to be the strongest and pick up the most paper clips.  

Sulfate and sulfide minerals are both inorganic and share similar crystal structures. Sulfates contain SO4^2- while sulfides contain S^2-. They differ in solubility, formation conditions, and typically found in different environments.

Sulfate and sulfide minerals are both types of minerals that contain sulfur. They are the same in that they are both inorganic solids with a definite chemical composition and crystalline structure, which means they have an orderly arrangement of atoms. The key differences between the two are based on their chemistry. Sulfate minerals contain the sulfate anion (SO42-), whereas sulfide minerals contain the sulfide anion (S2-). Sulfates typically form in oxidizing conditions and tend to be more soluble in water compared to sulfides, which are usually formed in reducing conditions and are generally less soluble in water. These characteristics influence the physical properties and formation environments of these minerals. For example, sulfate minerals, such as gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O), often occur in evaporative environments, while sulfide minerals, such as pyrite (FeS2), commonly form in reducing environments such as sedimentary layers with organic material or hydrothermal veins.

You may calculate a substance's density by dividing its mass by its volume. Given a mass of 25 g and a volume of 5 cm^3, the density of the substance would be 5 g/cm^3.

The density of a substance is calculated using the formula density = mass/volume. In this case, the mass of the substance is 25 grams and the volume is 5 cm3.

To calculate the density, we would dividing the mass by the volume, thus: density = 25 g / 5 cm3 = 5 g/cm3.

Therefore, the density of the substance is 5 g/cm3.

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Mixtures are easier to separate than compounds because they can be separated by physical processes without changing the identity of the substances, whereas compounds require chemical reactions to be broken down into their elements.

To answer your question, mixtures are generally easier to separate than compounds. A mixture is a physical blend of two or more components that can be separated into their individual parts using physical methods, without changing the identity of the substances. For example, if you have a mixture of iron filings and sand, you can separate them with a magnet because each component retains its own properties. On the other hand, a compound is a substance that is chemically pure and is formed when two or more elements are combined through a chemical reaction to create a new substance with different properties from its elements.

Separating components of a mixture can be simple or complex depending on whether the mixture is heterogeneous or homogeneous. Heterogeneous mixtures have non-uniform composition and can often be separated by mechanical means. In comparison, homogeneous mixtures (solutions) have uniform composition and potential separation techniques include distillation or crystallization, based on physical properties like boiling point. For example, saltwater can be separated by distillation. Compounds usually require a chemical reaction to be broken down into their constituent elements, such as electrolysis for water.

Final answer:

The atomic mass of chlorine (35.45 amu) is an average value calculated from the mass numbers of the naturally occurring isotopes chlorine-35 and chlorine-37, and individual atoms of chlorine can only be one of these isotopes with whole number mass numbers.

Explanation:

The atomic mass of chlorine is 35.45 amu, but it is not possible for any single atom of chlorine to have a mass number of exactly 35.45. This value represents the average atomic mass, which is calculated by averaging the masses of chlorine's naturally occurring isotopes, mainly chlorine-35 and chlorine-37, in proportion to their abundance.

Individual chlorine atoms can either be the isotope chlorine-35 (with an atomic mass of approximately 35 amu) or chlorine-37 (with an atomic mass of approximately 37 amu). The atomic mass number of an isotope must be a whole number since it represents the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus, which are discrete entities.

The eccentricity of Earth's orbit is a measure of its elliptical shape and is calculated using the distance to the foci and the semi-major axis of the orbit. Earth's orbital eccentricity is approximately 0.0167, indicating it is nearly circular with a slight elongation.

The eccentricity of Earth's orbit is a measure of its deviation from a perfect circle. The orbit of Earth is slightly elliptical, with an eccentricity that is generally known to be less than 0.1, which means it is very close to circular. To calculate the eccentricity (e), one can use the formula e = f/a, where f is the distance from the center of an ellipse to one of the foci, and a is half the long axis of the ellipse.

For Earth's orbit, we have an average semi-major axis of approximately 1.496 × 10¹ meters (the average distance from the Earth to the Sun) and specific calculations yield an eccentricity value of approximately 0.0167. This is indeed less than 0.1, confirming that Earth's orbit is nearly circular, but with a slight elongation.

The complete balanced equation for the decomposition of Fe(ClO₃)₃ (iron(III) chlorate) can be written as follows:

2 Fe(ClO₃)₃ → 2 FeCl₃ + 9 O₂

This equation represents the decomposition of iron(III) chlorate into iron(III) chloride (FeCl₃) and oxygen gas (O₂).

This equation indicates that when two moles of iron(III) chlorate decompose, it forms two moles of iron(III) chloride and releases nine moles of oxygen gas.

Iron(III) chlorate, is a compound composed of iron ions and chlorate ions. Upon decomposition, it breaks down into iron(III) chloride, FeCl₃, and oxygen gas, O₂.

The decomposition process occurs due to the heat energy provided, which breaks the chemical bonds within the chlorate ions, resulting in the formation of different products.

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Answer:

A) nucleus, smaller

Explanation:

The structure of an atom can be explained based on Rutherford's model according to which, most of the mass of an atom is concentrated in its positively charged core called the 'nucleus' whereas the negatively charged electrons move around it in fixed paths called orbits. The radius of the nucleus however is much smaller than that on the atom.

An element is usually represented in terms of its atomic mass (A) and atomic number(Z).

Atomic mass = protons + neutrons

Atomic number = number of protons

Therefore, the __nucleus_______ contains the majority of the mass of the atom but is much _smaller_______ than the atom.

The average atomic mass of a sample of naturally occurring element X, comprised of isotopes ^51X, ^52X, and ^56X with natural abundances of 47%, 17%, and 36%, is calculated to be 52.97 atomic mass units (amu).

The average atomic mass of a sample of naturally occurring X can be calculated by taking into account the natural abundance of its isotopes. To find the average atomic mass of element X, we multiply the mass number of each isotope by its respective natural abundance (converted to a fraction), and then add these values together.

For isotopes ^51X, ^52X, and ^56X with natural abundances of 47%, 17%, and 36%, respectively, we calculate the average atomic mass as follows:

Summing these products gives us:

23.97 amu + 8.84 amu + 20.16 amu = 52.97 amu

Therefore, the average atomic mass of naturally occurring X is 52.97 amu.

The final volume of the gas at the given pressure and temperature is 944.1 mL.

The given parameters;

The final volume of the gas at the given pressure and temperature is calculated by applying Boyle's law;

[tex]P_1V_1 = P_2v_2\\\\V_2 = \frac{P_1V_1}{P_2} \\\\V_2 = \frac{10 \times 405 }{4.29} \\\\V_2 = 944.1 \ mL[/tex]

Thus, the final volume of the gas at the given pressure and temperature is 944.1 mL.

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Final answer:

Using Boyle's Law, which relates to the pressure and volume of a gas under constant temperature, the gas originally at 405 mL and 10.0 atm, when subjected to 4.29 atm at the same temperature, will occupy a volume of approximately 945 mL.

Explanation:

The volume of a gas sample can be calculated under different conditions of pressure while keeping the temperature constant using Boyle's Law. Boyle's Law states that the volume of a given mass of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure when temperature remains constant, which can be expressed as P1V1 = P2V2, where P is the pressure and V is the volume of the gas at two different states (1 and 2).

In this scenario, the initial conditions are 405 mL volume at 10.0 atm, and we aim to find the volume at 4.29 atm at the same temperature. Using Boyle's Law:

10.0 atm * 405 mL = 4.29 atm * V2

Solving for V2, we find that V2 = (10.0 atm * 405 mL) / 4.29 atm, which equals approximately 945 mL.

Therefore, the gas will occupy a volume of 945 mL at 4.29 atm and the same temperature of 467 K.

Answer:

C. NaCl

Explanation:

I hope this helps! :D

The statement suggests a hypothetical correlation between giving teachers chocolate and a decrease in assigned homework. This could be tested experimentally, but it's important to remember other influences may effect the outcome.

The sentence 'If chocolate is given to teachers, then the amount of homework will decrease' is a hypothetical or conditional statement as it proposes a cause and effect relationship: the cause being 'chocolate is given to teachers' and the effect is 'the amount of homework will decrease'. This type of connection is common in hypothesis testing, where an idea is proposed and then evaluated through experimental or observational means.

For example, a study might be carried out in a school where half of the teachers are given chocolate and the other half are not. The amount of homework assigned by both groups could then compared to see if there is any noticeable difference. However, it is crucial to recognize that other factors outside of the experiment, such as the individual teaching style, the curriculum demands, and teacher's preference, could also impact the outcome.

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Final answer:

To balance the equation CH3CH2OH + O2 = CO2 + H2O, one balances the carbon, hydrogen, and then the oxygen atoms in sequence, which yields the final balanced chemical equation of 2CH3CH2OH + 7O2 = 4CO2 + 6H2O.

Explanation:

To balance the chemical equation CH3CH2OH + O2 = CO2 + H2O, we need to ensure there are equal numbers of each type of atom on both sides of the equation. This process is known as stoichiometry.

Step 1: Balance the carbon atoms.
We have 2 carbon atoms in the ethanol (CH3CH2OH) molecule, so we need 2 CO2 molecules to balance the carbons: CH3CH2OH + O2 = 2CO2 + H2O.

Step 2: Balance the hydrogen atoms.
With 6 hydrogen atoms in ethanol, we need 3 H2O molecules to balance: CH3CH2OH + O2 = 2CO2 + 3H2O.

Step 3: Balance the oxygen atoms.
Now we have 4 oxygen atoms in the CO2 and 3 in the H2O, for a total of 7 oxygen atoms needed on the reactant side. We can get this by multiplying O2 by 7/2: CH3CH2OH + ½ 7O2 = 2CO2 + 3H2O.

Step 4: Balance the entire equation by getting rid of the fraction. Multiply all coefficients by 2 to get whole numbers: 2CH3CH2OH + 7O2 = 4CO2 + 6H2O.

The final balanced equation is 2CH3CH2OH + 7O2 = 4CO2 + 6H2O.

This is stoichiometry. The equation is balanced not only at the molecular level but also in terms of molar amounts of reactants and products.