what are the 4 indicators that a chemical reaction has taken place?what are they
The 4 indicators that a chemical reaction has taken place are:
A change in color, temperature, formation of a precipitate and evolution of a gas.
There are four main indicators that a chemical reaction has taken place:
1. A change in color: This is the most common indicator of a chemical reaction. When two substances react, they often produce new substances with different colors. For example, when iron rusts, it changes from a shiny silver color to a dull orange color.
2. A change in temperature: Some chemical reactions release heat, while others absorb heat. If you notice a change in temperature, it's a good indication that a chemical reaction has taken place. For example, when you mix baking soda and vinegar, the reaction releases heat, and the mixture will become warm.
3. The formation of a precipitate: A precipitate is a solid that forms when two liquids are mixed. If you see a solid forming in a solution, it's a good indication that a chemical reaction has taken place. For example, when you mix silver nitrate and sodium chloride, a white precipitate of silver chloride will form.
4. The evolution of a gas: Some chemical reactions produce gases. If you see bubbles forming in a solution, it's a good indication that a gas is being produced. For example, when you mix baking soda and vinegar, carbon dioxide gas is produced, and you will see bubbles forming in the solution.
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Lesson 04.01: Chemical vs. Physical Changes and Properties Define and identify chemical and physical properties and changes. Give examples of physical and chemical properties and changes. Compare and contrast chemical and physical properties and changes.
A chemical property and a physical property are related to chemical and physical changes of matter.
Answer: A physical property is an aspect of the matter that can be observed or measured without changing it. Examples of physical properties include color, molecular weight, and volume.
A chemical property may only be observed by changing the chemical identity of a substance.
This property measures the potential for undergoing a chemical change. Examples of chemical properties include reactivity, flammability and oxidation states.
Answer:
A chemical property and a physical property are related to chemical and physical changes of matter.
Answer: A physical property is an aspect of the matter that can be observed or measured without changing it. Examples of physical properties include color, molecular weight, and volume.
A chemical property may only be observed by changing the chemical identity of a substance.
This property measures the potential for undergoing a chemical change. Examples of chemical properties include reactivity, flammability and oxidation states.
Explanation:
Write the ground state electron configuration of w using the noble-gas shorthand notation.
Tungsten contains 74 electrons in total. The electronic configuration of tungsten can be written as [Xe] 4F¹⁴ 5d⁴ 6s².
What is tungsten?
Tungsten is 74th element in periodic table. It is a d -block element and is classified as a transition metal. Tungsten have potential application in electronic devices. The filaments of electric bulb are made by tungsten.The latin name of tungsten is wolfram. That's why it has the symbol W.
Noble gases have completely filled orbitals and their electronic configuration is fully filled in all orbitals. Therefore, using the noble gas notation we can represent the configuration of other elements.
Tungsten have 74 electrons. Xenon a noble gas have 54 electrons . Thus all the orbitals are completely filled. W can be written using Xe. Thus remaining 20 electrons have to specified in corresponding orbitals. Hence, the configuration of W is [Xe] 4F¹⁴ 5d⁴ 6s².
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True or false: Driving a motor vehicle after taking substances which alter The central nervous system can have side effects which include impaired attention reaction time and vision
Suppose 4 moles of a react with excess amount of b to produce 382.5 g of c, calculate the percent yield of
c. (the molar mass of c is 310.2 g/mol)
Which element does the electron configuration 1s22s22p2 represent ?
Answer:
The element is Carbon. Atomic number = 6
Explanation:
The electron configuration distributes electrons into levels or sub-levels, Each of these levels has a determined capacity of electrons that can contain and you always follow an specific order given to you by the Linus Diagram.
Sub Level s--> 2 electrones
Sub level p --> 6 electrons
Sub level d --> 10 electrons
Sub level f --> 14 electrons
Sub level g --> 18 electrons.
Considering this you must follow the arrows of the Linus Diagram and distribute all the electrons acording to the atomic number of the element.
Which molecule has a central atom that uses the set of hybrid orbitals shown below to form bonds with the non-central atoms?
The type of hybridization a central atom exhibits is determined by the number of regions of electron density around it. For example, molecules with a lone pair on the central atom or those with two single bonds and a double bond to the central atom display sp² hybridization. Central atoms surrounded by two regions of valence electron density depict sp hybridization.
Explanation:The type of hybridization a molecule exhibits depends on the number of regions of electron density that surround its central atom. Molecules with a lone pair on the central atom or those with two single bonds and a double bond to the central atom, show sp² hybridization. Examples of such molecules include CINO, formaldehyde (CH₂O), and ethene (H₂CCH₂). Furthermore, central atoms surrounded by just two regions of valence electron density present sp hybridization, found in molecules like HgCl₂, Zn(CH3)2, HCCH, and CO₂. The geometry of these regions of electron density mirrors the shapes of molecules predicted by the VSEPR theory, further indicating how hybrid orbital theory provides an explanation for these molecular shapes.
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Explain why an anion exchange resin can be used to separate a mixture of cations
If a “universal solvent” could dissolve anything, what problems might you imagine that would cause in everyday life?
Final answer:
A hypothetical universal solvent that could dissolve anything would lead to significant practical and biological problems, as it would destroy containers and structures, potentially leading to chaos. Water is often termed the 'universal solvent' because of its ability to dissolve many substances, crucial for life processes; however, it cannot dissolve nonpolar substances like oils.
Explanation:
If a “universal solvent” could dissolve anything, it would pose significant challenges in everyday life. Such a solvent would not differentiate between materials, making it impossible to contain or store it as it would dissolve any container. Furthermore, the structural integrity of everything around us, including our own bodies, relies on the stability of materials not dissolving or breaking down on contact with solvents. Therefore, a true universal solvent could potentially dissolve buildings, roads, and other infrastructure. Our own cells, which require a water-based solution to keep the necessary biochemical reactions occurring, would also be unable to maintain their structure, leading to life-threatening situations.
Water is often described as the “universal solvent” because it dissolves more substances than any other liquid. However, this label is a relative term because while water is excellent at dissolving a wide range of substances due to its polarity and ability to form hydrogen bonds, it cannot dissolve nonpolar substances like oils. Water's solvent properties are essential for life; it dissolves vital nutrients and minerals, facilitates chemical reactions in the body, and allows for the transport of substances in biological systems.
It takes 26.8 mL of a 0.0700 M NaOH standard solution to neutralize a 250 mL sample of lactic acid (C3H6O3). What mass of lactic acid was dissolved in the sample?
The complete balanced chemical reaction for this would be:
NaOH + C3H6O3 --> NaC3H5O3 + H2O
So we see that exactly 1 mole of NaOH reacts with 1 mole of lactic acid.
Calculate moles of NaOH.
moles NaOH = 0.07 moles/L * 0.0268 L
moles NaOH = 1.876 x 10^-3 mol
So,
moles C3H6O3 = 1.876 x 10^-3 mol
The molar mass of lactic acid is 90.08 g/mol so the mass is:
mass C3H6O3 = (1.876 x 10^-3 mol) * 90.08 g/mol
mass C3H6O3 = 0.169 g
The compound aluminum nitrate is a strong electrolyte. Write the reaction when solid aluminum nitrate is put into water:
AI(NO3)3 + 3H20 -----> AI(OH)3 + 3H + 3N03-
Zn is less active than mg write the equations decribing what occurs when you mix, zn with o.5 m magnesium chloride, mgcl2 if no reaction occurs write n.r
Final answer:
Zinc (Zn) does not react with magnesium chloride (MgCl₂) because Zn is less reactive than Mg and cannot displace Mg from its compound. The answer to the student's query is - no reaction (N.R).
Explanation:
When considering the reactivity of zinc (Zn) relative to magnesium (Mg), we refer to the activity series of metals. According to the activity series, Mg is more reactive than Zn, which means that Mg is more likely to lose electrons compared to Zn. When mixing Zn metal with a solution of magnesium chloride (MgCl₂), we are essentially testing whether Zn can replace Mg in MgCl₂. However, since Zn is less reactive than Mg, it cannot displace Mg from its compound. The reaction we're investigating would be:
Zn (s) + MgCl₂ (0.5 M) → N.R (no reaction)
No reaction will occur in this case, so we denote this by writing 'N.R' to signify that a reaction does not take place.
Butane (C4H10) is used as a fuel where natural gas is not available. How many grams of butane will fill a 3.50-liter container at 35.6 °C and 758 torr? I've put the values through n = PV/RT to get n = 0.0138 and then converted to grams to get 0.77423g but it's not the right answer on my practice midterm. Any help is gratefully appreciated!
How many kilocalories are involved in the production of 33.68 g of NH3?
I believe that the balanced chemical equation is:
3H2(g)+N2(g)→2NH3(g), ΔH = -21.9 kcal
We can see that 21.9 kcal of heat is released for every 2 moles of NH3.
The molar mass of NH3 is 17 g/mol, hence:
moles NH3 = 33.68 g / (17 g/mol)
moles NH3 = 1.98 mol
The total energy released is:
total heat = (-21.9 kcal / 2 mol) * 1.98 mol
total heat = -21.70 kcal
"what is the difference between a physical change and a chemical change? give an example of both and explain your answer. what are the three physical states of matter?"
What does the 3 indicate in 1s22s22p63s1? the third shell third sublevel last shell has 3 electrons none of the above
Answer:
The answer is the Third sublevel. Hope this helps
Explanation:
What are some applications of the field of spectroscopy?
Answer:
for identifying elements in a sample
for determining the distance and velocity of galaxies
for producing neon lights
for determining types of chemical bonds
for use in medical imaging devices
Explanation:
Hello,
Field spectroscopy, is a technique used to measure the reflectance properties of vegetation, soils, rocks, and water bodies in the natural environment, generally under solar illumination. Some disciplines are interested in the measurement of light reflected off objects in the natural environment. Natural targets are usually illuminated by the whole hemisphere of the sky, and thus receive direct solar flux and scattered sky light, thus, it can be applied for determine elements in a sample as each one reflects the light differently, for determining the distance and velocity of galaxies as one could measure the light velocity, for producing neon lights , for determining types of chemical bonds as they have measurable energies related with the reflected light and for use in medical imaging devices to determine patrons in the obtained results.
Best regards.
which two structures would provide a positive identification of a plant cell under a microscope
Draw the most stable lewis structure of acrolein.
The most stable Lewis structure of acrolein is attached in image below.
Lewis dot structures are also called as electron dot structures and can be drawn if the molecular formula of a compound is known. It provides information regarding the nature of bond and the position of atoms .
They are also capable of exhibiting the lone pair if any present in a molecule or compound.Lewis defined a base to be an electron pair donor and an acid to be an electron pair acceptor.
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Cocl2 is often used in hygrometers. search the internet to determine why? how does this relate to this experiment?
which subatomic particle has a negative charge?
A) proton
B) electron
C) neutron
D) all particles
Considering the structure of the atom, The subatomic particle that has a negative charge is the electron (option B)
Structure of the atomAll atoms are made up of subatomic particles: protons and neutrons, which are part of their nucleus, and electrons, which revolve around them.
Protons are positively charged, neutrons are neutrally charged, and electrons are negatively charged (electrons).
In other words, every atom consists of:
Protons: are positively charged particles and are located in the nucleus of the atom.Neutrons: are uncharged particles and have a mass size similar to protons. They are located in the nucleus of the atom.Electrons: have a negative charge equal to 1 and have negligible mass. They move around the nucleus at different energy levels.Finally, an electron has a negative charge.
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The subatomic particle that has a negative charge is the electron.
Explanation:The subatomic particle that has a negative charge is the electron.
Electrons are tiny particles found outside the nucleus of an atom. They have a negative charge and are responsible for the flow of electricity. Protons, on the other hand, have a positive charge, and neutrons have no charge.
In summary, the answer to your question is the electron.
What structural feature of lecithin allows it to behave like an emulsifying agent?
69 whenever organic matter is decomposed under oxygen-free(anaerobic) conditions, methane is one of the products. thus,enormous deposits of natural gas, which is almost entirelymethane, exist as a major source of fuel for home and industry.(a) it is estimated that known sources of natural gas can produce5600 ej of energy (1 ej 10 18 j). current total global energyusage is 4.0 10 2 ej per year. find the mass (in kg) of knownsources of natural gas ( h ° rxn for the combustion of ch 4 802 kj/mol)
Which of these is a compound?
A. Steel
B.Sugar
C.Air
D.Nitrogen
Sugar is a compound made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
Answer: The correct option is B.
Explanation:
An element is the simplest substance which cannot be divided further and is made up from only one type of atoms. Example: oxygen, nitrogen etc.
A compound is defined as a substance which is formed by the combination of two or more elements in a fixed ratio. Example: [tex]CO_2,H_2O[/tex] etc.
A mixture is formed by the combination of elements or compounds in a non-uniform ratio. Example: Salt in water
Option A: Steel is a alloy of 96% iron, carbon and many other elements. This is a homogeneous mixture of more than 2 elements. Hence, it is considered as a mixture because elements are not present in a fixed ratio.
Option B: Formula for sugar is [tex]C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}[/tex]. This is a compound made from the elements: Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen in a fixed ratio of 12 : 22: 11. Hence, it is considered as a compound.
Option C: Air is a mixture of many gases. Gases present in air are nitrogen, oxygen, argon , carbon dioxide etc. These gases are not present in fixed ratio.
Option D: Nitrogen is the simplest unit of substance. It is considered as an element.
Hence, the correct option is B.
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If your front lawn is 25.0 feet wide and 20.0 feet long, and each square foot of lawn accumulates 1150 new snow flakes every minute, how much snow (in kilograms) accumulates on your lawn per hour? Assume an average snow flake has a mass of 1.90 mg.
Pleas explain the steps you used.
(b) what is the major product of the reaction at very low temperatures?
Temperature measures _____.
What mass of limestone (in kg) would be required to completely neutralize a 15.5 billion-liter lake that is 1.7×10^−5 M in H2SO4 and 8.9×10^−6 M in HNO3?
The complete balanced chemical reactions are:
HNO3 => CaCO3 + 2HNO3 → Ca(NO3)2 + H2O + CO2(g)
H2SO4 => CaCO3 + H2SO4 → CaSO4 + H2O + CO2(g)
So we see that 1 mole of CaCO3 is needed for 2 moles of HNO3 and similarly
to 1 mole of H2SO4.
The number of moles can be calculated as the product of
volume and molarity, so:
moles H2SO4 = 1.7×10^−5 M * (15.5 x 10^9 L) = 263,500 mol H2SO4
moles HNO3 = 8.9×10^−6 M * (15.5 x 10^9 L) = 137,950 mol HNO3
So the total moles of CaCO3 required is:
moles CaCO3 = 263,500 mol * 1 + 137,950 mol * (1/2)
moles CaCO3 = 332,475 mol
The molar mass of CaCO3 is 100.086 g/mol, so the mass is:
mass CaCO3 = 332,475 mol * 100.086 g/mol
mass CaCO3 = 33,276,092.85 g = 33.3 x 10^3 kg
Mass of limestone required for complete neutralization is 3,336.64 [tex]\rm \times\;10^4[/tex] grams.
Limestone is [tex]\rm CaCO_3[/tex]. The neutralization reaction for limestone will be:
[tex]\rm CaCO_3\;+\;2\;HNO_3\;\rightarrow\;Ca(NO_3)_2\;+\;H_2O\;+\;CO_2[/tex]
[tex]\rm CaCO_3\;+\;H_2SO_4\;\rightarrow\;CaSO_4\;+\;H_2O\;+\;CO_2[/tex]
The balanced equation states that for neutralization of 1 mole of limestone, 2 moles [tex]\rm HNO_3[/tex] and 1 mole of [tex]\rm H_2SO_4[/tex] is required.
The moles of [tex]\rm HNO_3[/tex] and [tex]\rm H_2SO_4[/tex] available are:
Moles of [tex]\rm HNO_3[/tex] = molarity [tex]\times[/tex] volume (L)
Moles of [tex]\rm HNO_3[/tex] = 8.9 [tex]\rm \times\;10^-^6[/tex] [tex]\times[/tex] 15.5 [tex]\rm \times\;10^9[/tex] L
Moles of [tex]\rm HNO_3[/tex] = 13.975 [tex]\rm \times\;10^4[/tex] moles
Moles of [tex]\rm H_2SO_4[/tex] = 1.7 [tex]\rm \times\;10^-^5[/tex] [tex]\times[/tex] 15.5 [tex]\rm \times\;10^9[/tex] L
Moles of [tex]\rm H_2SO_4[/tex] = 26.35 [tex]\rm \times\;10^4[/tex] moles
Moles of [tex]\rm CaCO_3[/tex] required = 1 mole of [tex]\rm H_2SO_4[/tex] + [tex]\rm \dfrac{1}{2}[/tex] moles of [tex]\rm HNO_3[/tex]
Moles of [tex]\rm CaCO_3[/tex] required = 26.35 [tex]\rm \times\;10^4[/tex] moles [tex]\rm H_2SO_4[/tex] + [tex]\rm \dfrac{1}{2}[/tex] (13.975 [tex]\rm \times\;10^4[/tex] moles) [tex]\rm HNO_3[/tex]
Moles of [tex]\rm CaCO_3[/tex] required = 26.35 [tex]\rm \times\;10^4[/tex] + 6.9875 [tex]\rm \times\;10^4[/tex]
Moles of [tex]\rm CaCO_3[/tex] required = 33.3375 [tex]\rm \times\;10^4[/tex] moles
Mass of limestone = moles of limestone [tex]\times[/tex] molecular weight of limestone
Mass of limestone = 33.3375 [tex]\rm \times\;10^4[/tex] moles [tex]\times[/tex] 100.0869 grams
Mass of limestone = 3,336.64 [tex]\rm \times\;10^4[/tex] grams.
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So the total moles of CaCO3 required is:
moles CaCO3 = 263,500 mol * 1 + 137,950 mol * (1/2)
moles CaCO3 = 332,475 mol
The molar mass of CaCO3 is 100.086 g/mol, so the mass is:
mass CaCO3 = 332,475 mol * 100.086 g/mol
mass CaCO3 = 33,276,092.85 g = 33.3 x 10^3 kg
How many moles of nitrogen, N, are in 88.0 g of nitrous oxide, N2O?
To find the number of moles of nitrogen, N, in 88.0 g of nitrous oxide, N2O, we can use the molar mass of N2O. The molar mass of N2O is calculated by adding the atomic masses of nitrogen and oxygen. Using the equation number of moles = mass (g) / molar mass (g/mol), we can calculate that there are 2.0 moles of nitrogen, N, in 88.0 g of N2O.
Explanation:To find the number of moles of nitrogen, N, in 88.0 g of nitrous oxide, N2O, we need to use the molar mass of N2O. The molar mass of N2O is calculated by adding the atomic masses of nitrogen and oxygen: 2(14.01 g) + 16.00 g = 44.02 g/mol. Now, we can use the molar mass to calculate the number of moles:
Number of moles = Mass (g) / Molar mass (g/mol)
Number of moles = 88.0 g / 44.02 g/mol = 2.0 mol of nitrogen, N.
Bubbling chlorine gas into colorless potassium bromide solution produces a dark red solution. what is being reduced?