Identify the principal role of cellular respiration. to convert solar energy into the chemical energy of sugars to convert the chemical energy of sugars into heat to maintain an elevated body temperature to convert kinetic energy into the chemical energy of sugars to convert the chemical energy of sugars into the chemical energy that fuels life's processes

Answer:

2.037.

Explanation:

∨ ∝ 1/√M.

Where, ∨ is the rate of diffusion.

M is the molar mass of the gas.

(∨)Ne/(∨)Kr = √(M of Kr/M of Ne) = √(83.8 / 20.2) = 2.037.

the big number describes the number ratio in a chemical equation

so for example,

2H2 + O2 --> 2H2O means

2 moles of hydrogen reacts with one mole of oxygen to form 2 moles of water

and as you know, the small (subscript) number determines the number of atoms of that element in one molecule of a compound

so I believe that drawing a normal lewis structure ( O=O ) should be correct

Explanation:

For what I understand in the question, the "big number" is called a stoichiometric coefficient and represents the ammount of molecules of the substance that follows it ( in this case O2) involved in a reaction.

In this case there is no reaction but it asks you for the lewis structure of two molecules of oxygen (O2).

The lewis structure of oxygen is: O=O

Two molecules of it can bond by london forces or dative unions forming what is known as a dimer (two molecules of the same substance bonded).

In a hydrogen atom, the 3s → 1s transition would result in the emission of the photon with the highest energy, according to the Bohr model. Energy released in photon form is highest when the transition ends at the ground state (n = 1), from the highest available initial energy level.

For a hydrogen atom, the electronic transition that would result in the emission of the photon with the highest energy would be the transition from the highest initial energy level to the lowest final energy level, which is the ground state (n = 1). Comparing the given transitions, 2p → 1s is not listed; hence, we consider the next highest, which would be 3s → 1s.

The energy of a photon emitted during an electron transition is directly proportional to the difference in energy between the two energy levels according to the equation E = hν, where E is the energy of the photon, h is Planck's constant, and ν is the frequency of the photon. Since the ground state has the lowest energy, any transition to it from a higher energy level will release more energy as a photon compared to transitions between higher levels.

The Bohr model is used to predict the energies involved in transitions between energy levels in a hydrogen atom. Emission of photons occurs when an electron falls from a higher energy level (n > m) to a lower one (n < m) and the energy of the emitted photon is equal to the difference in energy between those levels. The transitions that release the most energy are those that end at the n = 1 level, known as the Lyman series.

Specifically, a transition from n = 3 to n = 1 would result in a higher energy photon than those from n = 5 or 6 to levels other than n = 1, as indicated in the choices provided.

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No. Catalyst only reduce the activation energy, but don't change the energy released by the reaction.

A catalyst will alter the enthalpy of a reaction (the amount of heat that is released/absorbed) so it's not going to have the desired effect.

A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction, or lowers the temperature or pressure needed to start one, without itself being consumed during the reaction.

A catalyst increases the rate of a reaction, but does not get consumed in the reaction and does not alter the equilibrium constant.

In other words, a catalyst affects the kinetics of a reaction, but not the thermodynamics.

They work by increasing the rate of reaction through lowering the activation energy.

Hence, a catalyst will alter the enthalpy of a reaction (the amount of heat that is released/absorbed) so it's not going to have the desired effect.

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the number and kind of each atom on the reactants side must be equal to number and kind of each atom on products side.

Final answer:

In a chemical reaction, the number and type of atoms remain constant from reactants to products, following the law of conservation of matter. Chemical equations are balanced by adjusting the molecular coefficients to ensure this atomic consistency. Conservation of mass is also observed, with mass being equivalent in the reactants and products.

Explanation:

In accordance with the law of conservation of matter, the number and kind of atoms must remain constant throughout a chemical reaction. This means the number of each type of atom in the reactants is equal to the number of each type of atom in the products.

To ensure this is the case, chemists balance chemical equations by adjusting coefficients in front of the chemical formulas, which represent the amount (in moles) of substances involved in the reaction. Balancing an equation may require a methodical back-and-forth process until the same numbers of atoms for each element are present on both sides of the equation.

Furthermore, while the number of atoms is conserved during the reaction, the number of molecules may change because molecules can break apart, and atoms rearrange to form different molecules. The mass of the reactants and products is also conserved, exemplified by Avogadro's number relating atoms to moles, and moles to molar mass. This conservation of mass is a fundamental concept in chemical reactions.

Answer:

c. rock formation

Explanation:

The Earth’s internal energy provides the means for the parts of the carbon cycle that involve plate tectonics, such as rock formation and subduction.

If the Earth did not have internal energy, the carbon cycle process which would not be possible is: C. rock formation.

Carbon cycle can be defined as the series of biogeochemical processes through which atoms of carbon or carbon compounds are interconverted and used within an environment, by transporting carbon from the atmosphere to the Earth and then back to the atmosphere.

Basically, the four (4) main processes associated with carbon cycle include the following:

Of all the aforementioned processes, only rock formation requires that the Earth has sufficient internal energy for the movement of materials around the core and the mantle, thereby, leading to gradual but significant changes within the Earth's crust.

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Answer:

0.957 atm.

Explanation:

PV = nRT.

where, P is the pressure of the gas in atm.

V is the volume of the container in L.

n is the no. of moles of the gas.

R is the genral gas constant.

T is the temperature of the gas in K.

∵ n = mass/molar mass.

∴ PV = (mass/molar mass)RT

∴ P = (mass/V)(RT/molar mass)

∵ d = mass/V

∴ P = dRT/molar mass

∵ d = 2.51 g/L, R = 0.082 L.atm/mol.K, T = 25°C + 273 = 298 K, molar mass of SO₂ = 64.06 g/mol.

∴ P = dRT/molar mass = (2.51 g/L)(0.082 L.atm/mol.K)(298.0 K)/(64.06 g/mol) = 0.957 atm.

The pressure in the flask is approximately 0.993 atmospheres.

The correct answer is that the pressure in the flask containing SO2 gas at a density of 2.51 g/L at room temperature (25.0°C) can be determined using the ideal gas law, PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

First, we need to calculate the molar mass of SO2. The molar mass of sulfur (S) is approximately 32.07 g/mol and that of oxygen (O) is approximately 16.00 g/mol. Since SO2 has one sulfur atom and two oxygen atoms, its molar mass is:

[tex]Molar mass of SO2 = 32.07 g/mol (S) + 2 \times 16.00 g/mol (O) = 64.07 g/mol[/tex]

Next, we can use the density (d) of the gas to find the mass (m) of the gas in a container of known volume (V). The density is given as 2.51 g/L, so for a volume of 1 liter, the mass would be:

[tex]m = d \times V = 2.51 g/L \times 1 L = 2.51 g[/tex]

 Now, we can find the number of moles (n) of SO2 using the molar mass (M):

[tex]n = m / M = 2.51 g / 64.07 g/mol = 0.0392 mol[/tex]

The ideal gas constant (R) is 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K. The temperature (T) in Kelvin is room temperature (25.0°C) plus 273.15, which gives:

[tex]T = 25.0 + 273.15 = 298.15 K[/tex]

Now we can rearrange the ideal gas law to solve for pressure (P):

[tex]P = nRT / V[/tex]

Since we are considering a volume of 1 liter, the equation simplifies to:

[tex]P = (0.0392 mol)(0.0821 L\times atm/mol\times K)(298.15 K) / 1 L[/tex]

[tex]P =0.993 atm[/tex]

 Therefore, the pressure in the flask is approximately 0.993 atmospheres.

When an alkane is heated in the presence of chlorine gas, monochlorinated products can be formed.

These products can include stereoisomers. In the case of methane, there are four possible monochlorinated products including stereoisomers. The alkane is not specified in the question, but let's assume it is methane (CH4) as an example. When methane is heated in the presence of chlorine gas (Cl2), a substitution reaction occurs. One of the hydrogen atoms in methane can be replaced by a chlorine atom, resulting in a monochlorinated product. In this case, there are four possible monochlorinated products (CH3Cl, CH2Cl2, CHCl3, CCl4) including different stereoisomers.

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I don't know how 5°C cooled to 85°C but the answer would be 12.878L

Answer:

At constant pressure the new volume of gas is 12.878 L.

Explanation:

Charles's Law consists of the relationship between the volume and temperature of a certain amount of ideal gas, which is maintained at a constant pressure, by means of a proportionality constant that is applied directly. So the ratio between volume and temperature will always have the same value:

[tex]\frac{V}{T} =k[/tex]

where the temperature is expressed in degrees kelvin (° K)

Then, when considering the two situations 1 and 2, keeping the amount of gas and the temperature constant, the relationship must be met:

[tex]\frac{V1}{T1} =\frac{V2}{T2}[/tex]

In this case, you know:

Replacing:

[tex]\frac{10}{278} =\frac{V2}{358}[/tex]

Solving:

[tex]V2=\frac{10}{278} *358[/tex]

V2=12.878 L

At constant pressure the new volume of gas is 12.878 L.

Answer:

Explanation:

The number of protons in the nucleus of the atom is equal to the atomic number (Z). The number of electrons in a neutral atom is equal to the number of protons. The mass number of the atom (M) is equal to the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

That's just an error in the source.

There are 3H₂O on each side of the reaction arrows, so all the water molecules must cancel.

The reactants of cellular respiration are glucose and oxygen, or A. They react to form carbon dioxide, water, and energy as products.

Final answer:

The pH of a 0.160 M ammonia solution can be calculated using the pOH method. The concentration of hydroxide ions in the solution is approximately 1.125 x 10^-4 M, resulting in a pOH of approximately 3.95. The pH of the solution is approximately 10.05.

Explanation:

The pH of a 0.160 M ammonia solution can be calculated using the pOH method. Ammonia is a weak base, so we can use the equation:
pOH = -log[OH-]
pH + pOH = 14

First, we need to find the concentration of hydroxide ions ([OH-]) in the solution. The Kb value for ammonia (NH3) is 1.8 x 10-5.
Given that [NH3] = 0.160 M, we can calculate [OH-] using the Kb expression:
Kb = [NH3][OH-] / [NH4+]
Since [NH4+] can be ignored in this dilute ammonia solution, the equation simplifies to:
Kb = [NH3][OH-].

Now, rearranging the equation to solve for [OH-], we get:
[OH-] = Kb / [NH3]
Substituting the given values into the equation:
[OH-] = (1.8 x 10-5) / (0.160)
[OH-] = 1.125 x 10-4 M

Next, we can calculate the pOH of the solution using the equation:
pOH = -log[OH-]
pOH = -log(1.125 x 10-4)
pOH ≈ 3.95

Finally, we can find the pH using the equation:
pH = 14 - pOH
pH = 14 - 3.95
pH ≈ 10.05

Answer:

        c. 2N₂O₅(g) ⇄ 4 NO₂(g)+ O₂(g), and

        d. N₂O₄(g) ⇄ 2 NO₂(g)

Explanation:

Volume and pressure are inversely related (Boyle's law).

Volume and number of molecules are directly related (Avogadro's principle).

As per Le Chatelier's principle, the reaction will shift toward the side that permits to overcome or minimize the force that disturbs the equilibrium.

With those concepts you can predict which equilibria will shift toward formation of more products if the volume of a reaction mixture at equilibrium increases by a factor of 2

Let's dig into each option.

a. 2 SO₂(g)+ O₂(g) ⇄ 2 SO3(g)

Incorrect.

There are three molecules in the reactant side and two in the product side. so the increase in volume will favor the reverse reaction. This is, the equilibrium will shift to the formation of more reactants, and this is an incorrect choice.

b. NO(g) + O₃(g) ⇄ NO₂(g) + O₂(g)

Incorrect.

There are the same number of molecules in the reactant side and the product side. Hence, the increase of volume will not produce a change in the equlibrium.

c. 2N₂O₅(g) ⇄ 4 NO₂(g)+ O₂(g)

Correct.

There are 2 molecules in the reactant side (left) and four molecules in the product side (right). So, the increase in volume in this system will produce a shift toward the product side.

d. N₂O₄(g) ⇄ 2 NO₂(g)

Correct.

There are more molecules in the product side than in the reactant side, so you predict that the equilibrium will shift toward the formation of more product to overcome the increase of volume.

Equilibrium shift is the shift of the reaction towards the stressed conditions in the reactions. The shift towards the formation of the products will occur in [tex]\rm 2N_{2}O_{5}(g) \rightleftharpoons 4 NO_{2}(g)+ O_{2}(g)[/tex] and [tex]\rm N_{2}O_{4}(g) \rightleftharpoons 2 NO_{2}(g)[/tex].

According to the Le principle the reaction shift towards the site or the reactants and products where the disturbance or the stress is present so that it can be overcome.

In the third equation reaction, [tex]\rm 2N_{2}O_{5}(g) \rightleftharpoons 4 NO_{2}(g)+ O_{2}(g)[/tex]  the number of the molecules on the left side is 2 and on the right side of the product have 4 molecules.  When the volume is increased then the reaction shifts towards the right or the product side.

In the fourth reaction, [tex]\rm N_{2}O_{4}(g) \rightleftharpoons 2 NO_{2}(g)[/tex] the number of the products are more compared to the reactants and hence the increase in the volume will shift the reaction towards the formation of the product.

Therefore, option c. [tex]\rm 2N_{2}O_{5}(g) \rightleftharpoons 4 NO_{2}(g)+ O_{2}(g)[/tex] and option d. [tex]\rm N_{2}O_{4}(g) \rightleftharpoons 2 NO_{2}(g)[/tex] are the reactions that shift towards product formation.

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2.54m/s. See the attached image for work. X represents the velocity of SF4.

To calculate the velocity of sulfur tetrafluoride under the same conditions as oxygen, we need to consider their molar masses and use the formula for calculating the velocities of gases.

In order to determine the velocity at which sulfur tetrafluoride would travel under the same conditions as oxygen, we need to consider their molar masses. The molar mass of sulfur tetrafluoride (SF4) is 108.07 g/mol, while the molar mass of oxygen (O₂) is 32.00 g/mol. Since the velocities of gases are inversely proportional to the square root of their molar masses, we can use the formula:

The velocity of sulfur tetrafluoride = Velocity of oxygen × √(molar mass of oxygen / molar mass of sulfur tetrafluoride)

Using the given velocity of oxygen as 29.0 m/s, we can substitute the molar masses and calculate the velocity of sulfur tetrafluoride.

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Answer:

C) reduced

Explanation:

NAD+ becomes reduced when it gains a hydrogen atom, transforming into NADH, which plays a significant role in cellular energy metabolism.

When a molecule of NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) gains a hydrogen atom, the molecule becomes reduced. This process of gaining an electron (or hydrogen atom) is known as reduction in metabolism. Essentially, NAD+ serves as an important electron carrier within cells and as it accepts electrons, it becomes reduced to its alternate form called NADH. It's important to note that oxidation and reduction reactions often go hand in hand in biological systems, which is why they are typically referred to as redox reactions. In this context, NAD+ is reduced (gains an electron) to form NADH, which then plays a crucial role in energy metabolism within the cell.

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Cellular Respiration is an Exothermic reaction as the product is ATP (energy)

please mark me as the brainliest

Answer:

Exothermic reaction because the product produced is ATP (energy)

Explanation:

The direction of a chemical reaction depends on the comparison between the reaction quotient and the equilibrium constant. If the reaction quotient is greater than the equilibrium constant, the reaction goes in the reverse direction, and vice versa. This can be determined using concentrations (Qc, Kc) or partial pressures (Qp, Kp).

In the context of chemistry, a reaction's direction can indeed be predicted by comparing the reaction quotient (Qc) with the equilibrium constant (Kc). If Qc > Kc, the reaction will tend to move in the reverse direction to reach equilibrium, as it indicates that there are too many products and not enough reactants. Conversely, if Qc < Kc, the reaction will proceed in the forward direction, as it means that there are too many reactants and not enough products. Similarly, partial pressures can be used using the reaction quotient (Qp) and equilibrium constant (Kp). These concepts are central in the study of chemical equilibria, and understanding them will help comprehend how concentrations and pressures influence the direction of reactions.

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Equilibrium constants for gas-phase reactions can be expressed in terms of partial pressures. The relationship between partial pressures (Kp) and molar concentrations (Kc) can be derived from the ideal gas equation.

In chemistry, for gas-phase solutions, the equilibrium constant can be expressed either in terms of molar concentrations (Kc) or partial pressures (Kp) of the reactants and products. These two equilibrium constants are interrelated and can be derived using the ideal gas equation: PV = nRT where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is temperature.

The equilibrium constant Kp for a reaction involving gases is defined in terms of the partial pressures of the gases. For example, consider the reaction:

[tex]C_2H_6(g)[/tex]⇌ [tex]C_2H_4(g) + H_2(g)[/tex]

The equilibrium constant expression based on partial pressures would be:

[tex]Kp = (PC_2H_4)(PH_2) / PC_2H_6[/tex]

The reaction quotient (Qc or Qp) is calculated using initial or current pressures and can predict the direction of the reaction:

Using partial pressures allows for a precise understanding of how the system behaves under different conditions, including changes in initial amounts of reactants/products, temperature, and volume.

Answer:

[CH₃OH] to decrease and [CO] to increase.

Explanation:

[CH₃OH] to decrease and [CO] to increase.

Ag atoms are oxidized to form Ag+ ions

Silver tarnishes when it is oxidized to form Ag+ ions. The process involves the loss of electrons. Silver ions can be reduced back to silver atoms in certain chemical reactions by the use of reducing agents like iron (II) ions or zinc, but not during the tarnishing process which is an oxidation process.

When silver tarnishes, the silver atoms (Ag) are indeed oxidized to form Ag+ ions. This is a chemical reaction where silver loses electrons and hence, is oxidized. This process is represented in the reaction depicted: Ag+ (aq) + e¯ → Ag(s). However, it should be noted that in an oxidation reaction, while one species (here - silver) is oxidized, another species must be reduced concurrently. In the context of your question, Ag atoms are not reduced back to Ag+ ions, as that would counteract the oxidation process.

In cases where silver is recovered from solutions, such as a cyanide solution, reducing agents such as iron (II) ions or zinc might be added, leading to a reaction: 2[Ag(CN)₂](aq) + Zn(s) → 2Ag(s) + [Zn(CN)4] ²¯ (aq). This is a chemical reduction as silver ions are reduced back to silver atoms.

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A is correct (1 h should be written as 1 s)

I just took this exam. :)

Answer:

Your correct answer is A. 1 h should be written as 1 s.

Explanation:

Answers:

1. 282 g/mol

2. (a) pH = 10.0; (b) pKₐ = 5.5; Kₐ = 3 × 10⁻⁶; (c) thymolphthalein

Step-by-step explanation:

1. Molar mass of unknown acid

The equation for the reaction is

HA + NaOH ⟶ NaA + H₂O

(a) Calculate the moles of NaOH

Moles of NaOH = 0.023 64 L NaOH × (0.1 mol NaOH/1 L NaOH)

= 2.364 × 10⁻³ mol NaOH

(b) Moles of HA

Now, you use the molar ratio from the balanced chemical equation to find the moles of unknown acid.

Moles of HA = 2.364 × 10⁻³ mol NaOH × (1 mol HA/1 mol NaOH)

= 2.364 × 10⁻³ mol HA

(c) Molar mass of HA

You know now that 0.5632 g of HA .

MM = mass/moles = 0.5632 g/2.364 × 10⁻³ mol = 238.2 g/mol

2. Titration of acetic acid

(a) Equivalence point

The equivalence point is the pH at the steepest point of the titration curve.

In your titration of vinegar, the equivalence point appears to be at about

pH 10.0.

(b) Half-way point

At the half-way point, you have neutralized half the acid HA and converted it into the sane amount of A⁻, so [HA] = [A⁻].

Kₐ = [H₃O⁺] × [A⁻]/[HA] = [H₃O⁺]

At the half-way point, Kₐ = [H₃O⁺] and pKₐ = pH.

Your equivalence point is at about 21.3 mL, so the half-way point is at 10.7 mL.

The pH at 10.6 mL is about 5.5.

pH = pKₐ = 5.5

Kₐ = 10^(-pKₐ) = 10^(-5.5)  = 3 × 10⁻⁶

(c) Appropriate indicator

An indicator is a weak acid in which the acid form HA is a different colour than the base form A⁻.

The colour change occurs when [HA] = [A⁻] and pH = pKₐ.

Your indicator should have pKₐ ≈ 10 (Kₐ≈ 10⁻¹⁰), so it changes colour at the equivalence point (pH 10).

The best indicator is thymolphthalein, because it has Kₐ = 10⁻¹⁰.

Answer:

When an acid and strong reacts with each other the formation of salt occurs, and this reaction is named as neutralization reaction. The pH of salt depends upon the nature of acid and bases reacting in the reaction. When a week acid and a strong base reacts with each other, the base dominates the nature of salt because base involved is strong. The pH of the salt will be greater than 7.

Answer:

B. ethylamine.

Explanation:

So, the compound is ethylamine.

Answer:

5. ΔH = 238.7 kJ; 6 ΔH, = -1504.6 kJ

Step-by-step explanation:

Question 5:

We have three equations:  

(I)  CH₃OH + ³/₂O₂ ⟶ CO₂ + 2H₂O;  ΔH = -726.4 kJ

(II)  C + O₂ ⟶ CO₂;                              ΔH = -393.5 kJ

(III) H₂ + ½O₂ ⟶ H₂O;                         ΔH = -285.8 kJ

From these, we must devise the target equation:  

(IV) C + 2H₂ + ½ O₂ → CH₃OH; ΔH = ?  

The target equation has 1C on the left, so you rewrite Equation (II)..  

(V) C + O₂ ⟶ CO₂;                               ΔH = -393.5 kJ

Equation (V) has 1CO₂ on the right, and that is not in the target equation.  

You need an equation with ½O₂ on the left, so you reverse Equation (I).  

When you reverse an equation, you reverse the sign of its ΔH.  

(VI) CO₂ + 2H₂O ⟶ CH₃OH + ³/₂O₂;  ΔH = 726.4 kJ

Equation (VI) has 2H₂O on the left, and that is not in the target equation.

You need an equation with 2H₂O on the right. Double Equation (III).

When you double an equation, you double its ΔH.  

(VII) 2H₂ + O₂ ⟶ 2H₂O;                        ΔH = -571.6 kJ

Now, you add equations (V), (VI), and (VII), cancelling species that appear on opposite sides of the reaction arrows.

When you add equations, you add their ΔH values.

We get the target equation (IV)  

(V)   C + O₂ ⟶ CO₂;                              ΔH = -393.5 kJ

(VI)  CO₂ + 2H₂O ⟶ CH₃OH + ³/₂O₂ ;  ΔH =  726.4 kJ

(VII) 2H₂ + O₂ ⟶ 2H₂O;                        ΔH = -571.6 kJ

(IV)  C + 2H₂ + ½ O₂ → CH₃OH;             ΔH = -238.7 kJ  

Question 6

We have three equations:  

(I) Mg + ½O₂ → MgO;  ΔH = -601.7 kJ

(II) Mg + S ⟶ MgS;      ΔH = -598.0 kJ

(III) S + O₂ ⟶ SO₂;       ΔH = -296.8 kJ

From these, we must devise the target equation:  

(IV) 3Mg + SO₂ → MgS + 2MgO; ΔH = ?  

The target equation has 1SO₂ on the left, so you reverse Equation(III).

(V) SO₂ ⟶ S + O₂;         ΔH = 296.8 kJ

Equation (V) has 1S on the right, and that is not in the target equation.  

You need an equation with 1S on the left, so you rewrite Equation (II).  

(VI) Mg + S ⟶ MgS;        ΔH = -598.0 kJ

Equation (V) has 1O₂ on the right, and that is not in the target equation.

You need an equation with 1O₂ on the left. Double Equation (I).

(VII) 2Mg + O₂⟶ 2MgO ;  ΔH = -1203.4 kJ  

Now, you add equations (V), (VI), and (VII), cancelling species that appear on opposite sides of the reaction arrows.

We get the target equation (IV)  

(V)   SO₂ ⟶ S + O₂;                    ΔH =    296.8 kJ

(VI)   Mg + S ⟶ MgS;                  ΔH = -  598.0 kJ

(VII) 2Mg + O₂ ⟶ 2MgO;            ΔH = -1203.4 kJ

(IV)  3Mg + SO₂ → MgS + 2MgO; ΔH = -1504.6 kJ

The Intermolecular forces increase with increasing polarization of bonds. The strength of Intermolecular forces (and therefore impact on boiling points) is ionic > hydrogen bonding > dipole dipole > dispersion. Boiling point increases with molecular weight, and with surface area.

When NaOH is added to an acetate/acetic acid buffer system, the pH increases, the concentration of acetic acid decreases, and the concentration of acetate increases.

When a small volume of NaOH solution is added to an acetate/acetic acid buffer system, the following occur:

This is because when NaOH is added, it reacts with acetic acid to form sodium acetate and water. The increase in concentration of sodium acetate leads to an increase in the concentration of acetate ions, causing the pH to increase. At the same time, the reaction consumes acetic acid, resulting in a decrease in its concentration.

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Answer:

0.2286 mol

Explanation:

Mass = 36.5g

Molar Mass = 159.7 g/mol

Number of moles = ?

The formular relating these parameters is given as;

Number of moles = Mass /  Molar mass

Number of moles = 36.5 / 159.7 = 0.2286 mol

[H+] = 0.051 M

[SO4=] = 0.051M  

[HSO4-] = 0.16M

HSO4- <==> H+ + SO4= ..... Ka = 1.3x10^-2

Ka = [H+] [SO4=] / [HSO4-]  

1.3x10^-2 = x^2 / (0.21-x)  

Using algebra and solving the quadratic equation to solve for x.  

x = 0.051  

Therefore;

[H+] = [SO4=] = 0.051M  

[HSO4-] = 0.16M

Answer : The concentration of [tex]HSO_4^-[/tex], [tex]SO_4^{2-}[/tex] and [tex]H^+[/tex] are 0.29 M, 0.061 M and 0.061 M respectively.

Explanation :

First we have to calculate the concentration of [tex]HSO_4^-[/tex]

The dissociation of [tex]KHSO_4[/tex] is:

[tex]KHSO_4\rightarrow K^++HSO_4^-[/tex]

As, 1 mole of [tex]KHSO_4[/tex] gives 1 mole of [tex]HSO_4^-[/tex]

So, 0.35 M of [tex]KHSO_4[/tex] gives 0.35 M of [tex]HSO_4^-[/tex]

Now we have to determine the concentration of [tex]SO_4^{2-}[/tex] and [tex]H^+[/tex].

The dissociation of [tex]HSO_4^-[/tex] is:

                          [tex]HSO_4^-\rightleftharpoons H^++SO_4^{2-}[/tex]

Initial conc.      0.35           0       0

At eqm.          (0.35-x)        x        x

The expression of acid dissociation constant will be:

[tex]K_a=\frac{[H^+][SO_4^{2-}]}{[HSO_4^-]}[/tex]

Now put all the given values in this expression, we get:

[tex]1.3\times 10^{-2}=\frac{(x)\times (x)}{(0.35-x)}[/tex]

[tex]x=0.061M[/tex]

Thus, the concentration of [tex]SO_4^{2-}[/tex] = x = 0.061 M

The concentration of [tex]H^+[/tex] = x = 0.061 M

The concentration of [tex]HSO_4^-[/tex] = 0.35 - x = 0.35 - 0.061 = 0.29 M

A gaseous compound is 30.4% nitrogen and 69.6% oxygen by mass. A 5.25-g sample of the gas occupies a volume of 1.00 L and exerts a pressure of 1.26 atm at -4.0°C. Which of the following is its molecular formula?  

1) NO2  

2) N3O6  

3) N2O5  

4) N2O4  

5) NO