Answer:
e) 0.099
Explanation:
For an adiabatic transformation, we have:
[tex]PV^{\gamma}=const.[/tex]
where
P is the gas pressure
V is the volume
[tex]\gamma[/tex] is the adiabatic index, which is [tex]\gamma=\frac{5}{3}[/tex] for an ideal monoatomic gas
The previous law can also be rewritten as
[tex]P_1 V_1 ^{\gamma}= P_2 V_2^{\gamma}[/tex]
or
[tex]\frac{P_2}{P_1}=(\frac{V_1}{V_2})^{\gamma}[/tex]
where we know that
[tex]\frac{V_1}{V_2}=\frac{1}{4}[/tex]
because the volume has increased by a factor 4.0. Substituting into the equation, we find by which factor the pressure has changed:
[tex]\frac{P_2}{P_1}=(\frac{1}{4})^{\frac{5}{3}}=0.099[/tex]
friction heats up the brake pads of a car as it stops what is this an example of?
This an example of the law of Conservation of Energy.
The car has quite a bit of kinetic energy while it's rolling. If you want to stop it, you have to take that kinetic energy away from the car, AND you have to do something with that energy.
If it's an electric car or hybrid, you can turn the kinetic energy into electrical energy, put it back into the batteries, and use it again later.
If it's just an ordinary gas guzzler, there's no way to save the kinetic energy. You use the car's kinetic energy to scrape two rough surfaces together, that turns it into heat, and the air blows the heat away.
Next time you want the car to roll again, you have to make more, new, kinetic energy. So you take chemical energy out of more gas, and you use the motor to turn the chemical energy into kinetic energy.
It's all the law of Conservation of Energy ... in action.
If 1495 j of heat is needed to raise the temperature of a 339 g sample of a metal from 55.0°c to 66.0°c, what is the specific heat capacity of the metal
Specific heat of a substance can be calculated using the equation q=mst, where “q” is heat applied to the system, “m” is the mass of the substance, “s” is the specific heat, and “t” is the change in temperature. In this case,
q=mst
(1495 J)=(339 g)(s)(+11 degrees C)
s=0.401 J/g•degrees C.
The specific heat of this substance is 0.401 J/g•degrees C). However, the problem is asking for the heat capacity of the metal, which is defined as C=ms using the same definitions as above. In this case, the heat capacity of the metal works out to be 135.91 J/g.
Hope this helps!
Water flows through a horizontal pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point b is larger than the diameter of the pipe at point a. Where is the speed of the water the greatest?
The speed of the water is the greatest at point B
The speed of water flowing through a pipe is greatest at the point where the pipe's diameter is smallest. So, in this scenario, the speed of water is greatest at Point A.
Explanation:In fluid dynamics, a principle known as Bernoulli's Principle explains that as the cross-sectional area of a pipe changes, so does the speed of fluid flowing through it. In your scenario, water is flowing through a horizontal pipe with different diameters at Point A and Point B. As per Bernoulli's Principle, the water speed is greatest at the point where the pipe's diameter is smallest. Therefore, since Point A has a smaller diameter than Point B, the speed of the water is greatest at Point A.
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ANSWER TRUE OR FALSE: The people in the northern hemisphere experience the seasons opposite of the people in the southern hemisphere
That's TRUE.
For example:
-- When it's Winter in Canada, the USA, and France, it's Summer in Australia, Paraguay, and Namibia. (This is the end of December, all of January and February, and most of March.)
-- When it's Winter in Tasmania, South Africa, and Botswana, it's Summer in Germany, Israel, and Mexico. (This is the end of June, all of July and August, and most of September.)
-- The Spring and Fall are opposite too.
Answer: true
Explanation:
A gas heated to millions of degrees would emit
A gas heated to millions of degrees would emit mostly x-rays.
High-energy electromagnetic waves would be produced by a gas that has been heated to millions of degrees in terms of thermal radiation. The atoms and molecules included in a gas experience collisions, transitions, and ionisation processes as its temperature rises.
A wide range of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and X-rays, are produced as a result of these powerful interactions. The gas composition, temperature, and other parameters affect the precise wavelengths and intensities of the radiation that is emitted.
This effect has been seen in a variety of astrophysical settings, including high-temperature plasmas in laboratory studies, the highly hot and active areas of stars, supernovae, and accretion discs surrounding black holes.
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________ is a phenomenon of nature that has been proven to invariably occur whenever certain conditions exist.
Answer:
Scientific law
Explanation:
In general, a scientific law is the description of an observed phenomenon, that is, it represents a phenomenon of nature that has proven invariably to occur whenever certain conditions exist. However, scientific law does not explain why the phenomenon exists or causes it. The explanation of the phenomenon is called scientific theory. Theories become laws after scientific research.
please help on this one?
I believe that it is d correct me if wrong because the higher the temperature the more active the molecules are gonna be, but the graph does not explicitly state that, so you can say the answer is d (if not the answer is c) (sorry if wrong)
What elements compose the stars and planets in the universe
27% helium and 71% hydrogen
What is the maximum height a 100-w engine can lift a 100-kg man in 3.00 minutes?
Answer:
18.4 m
Explanation:
The force that the engine must apply at least to lift the man must be equal to the weight of the man:
[tex]F=mg=(100 kg)(9.8 m/s^2)=980 N[/tex]
The work done by the engine is the product of the force applied, F, and the height at which the man is lifted, h:
[tex]W=Fh[/tex] (1)
while the power of the engine is defined as:
[tex]P=\frac{W}{t}[/tex]
where
P = 100 W
t = 3.00 min = 180 s
From this equation, we find the work:
[tex]W=Pt=(100 W)(180 s)=18,000 J[/tex]
And solving (1) for h, we find the maximum height:
[tex]h=\frac{W}{F}=\frac{18,000 J}{980 N}=18.4 m[/tex]
Batteries (e.g., lead-acid batteries) store chemical energy and convert it to electric energy on demand. Batteries do not store electric charge or charge carriers. Charge carriers (electrons) enter one terminal of the battery, acquire electrical potential energy, and exit from the other terminal at a lower voltage. Remember the electron has a negative charge! It is convenient to think of positive carriers flowing in the opposite direction, that is, conventional current, and exiting at a higher voltage. (Benjamin Franklin caused this mess!) For a battery rated at 12 V and 350 A-h, determine: a. The rated chemical energy stored in the battery. b. The total charge that can be supplied at the rated voltage.
Answer:
A battery is a device consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with external connections provided to power electrical devices such as flashlights, smartphones, and electric cars. When a battery is supplying electric power, its positive terminal is the .... Batteries convert chemical energy directly to electrical energy.
Explanation:
The rated chemical energy stored in the battery would be 15120000 Joules.
The total charge that can be supplied at the rated voltage would be 1260000 Coulombs.
What is power?The rate of doing work is known as power. The Si unit of power is the watt.
Power =work/time
The mathematical expression for the electric power is as follows
P = VI
As given in the problem For a battery rated at 12 V and 350 A-h,
A. The rated chemical energy of the battery,
energy = power ×time
= 12×350 ×3600
= 15120000 Joules
B.The total charge that can be supplied at the rated voltage,
total charge = current ×time
= 350 × 3600 Coulombs
= 1260000 Coulombs
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An electron in a tv picture tube is accelerated through a potential difference of 10 kv before it hits the screen. What is the kinetic energy of the electron in electron volts?
Answer:
10,000 eV
Explanation:
Due to the law of conservation of energy, the kinetic energy of the electron at the end of its path is equal to its initial electric potential energy, given by:
[tex]U=q\Delta V[/tex]
where
q is the electron charge
[tex]\Delta V[/tex] is the potential difference
Here we have:
[tex]q=1 e[/tex] is the electron's charged
[tex]\Delta V=10 kV=10,000 V[/tex] is the potential difference
Substituting into the formula, we have
[tex]U=(1e)(10,000 V)=10,000 eV[/tex]
Final answer:
An electron accelerated through a potential difference of 10 kv gains 10,000 eV of kinetic energy, as there's a direct relationship between the potential difference in volts and the kinetic energy in electron volts.
Explanation:
The question involves an electron that is accelerated through a potential difference of 10 kv (10,000 volts) before it hits the screen, and you're asked to find the kinetic energy of the electron in electron volts (eV). The relationship between the potential difference an electron is accelerated through and the kinetic energy it gains is direct and linear. For every 1 V of potential difference, an electron gains 1 eV of kinetic energy.
Therefore, if an electron is accelerated through a potential difference of 10,000 volts (10 kv), it gains 10,000 eV of kinetic energy. This straightforward calculation is based on the basic principle that the kinetic energy gained by an electron (in eV) is numerically equivalent to the potential difference (in volts) it is accelerated through.
Determine the stopping distances for an automobile with an initial speed of 95 km/h and human reaction time of 1.0 s : (a) for an acceleration a = -5.5 m/s2 : (b) for a = -6.6 m/s2
To determine the stopping distances for an automobile with different accelerations, we can calculate the distance traveled during the human reaction time and the deceleration distance. By adding these two distances, we can find the total stopping distance for each acceleration.
Explanation:The stopping distance of an automobile can be determined by calculating the distance traveled during the human reaction time and the distance traveled during the deceleration period.
(a) For an acceleration of -5.5 m/s², the human reaction time is 1.0 s.
The distance traveled during the reaction time can be calculated using the formula: distance = initial velocity * reaction time. In this case, the initial velocity is 95 km/h, which needs to be converted to m/s.
The deceleration distance can be calculated using the formula: distance = (initial velocity²)/(2 * acceleration).
The stopping distance can be found by adding the distance traveled during the reaction time and the deceleration distance.
(b) The same process can be applied for an acceleration of -6.6 m/s².
Which option correctly defines a generator?
1. a device that converts thermal energy into mechanical energy
2. a device that converts light energy into electrical energy
3. a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy
4. a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy
The answer is 2. A generator takes the gas and runs it through the carburetor and then that takes it to the electrical port to be converted into electricity.
A generator is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy using electromagnetic induction.
The correct option is D.
A generator is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. It does this by using the principles of electromagnetic induction, where a magnet and a coil of wire are used to create a flow of electrons, resulting in the generation of electricity. The mechanical energy required to turn the magnet or the coil of wire can come from various sources, such as steam, water, wind, or even the movement of a hand crank.
For example, in a hydroelectric power plant, water flowing over a turbine causes the turbine to spin, which in turn rotates a magnet inside a coil of wire. As the magnet moves, it creates a changing magnetic field, which induces an electric current in the wire, generating electricity.
Therefore, the correct option that defines a generator is option 4: a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
Hence The correct option is D.
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What type of light has the wavelength of:
(Show Work!)
A) 5.0 x 10^-4 m?
B) 2.4 x 10^-8 m?
C) 12mm?
Wavelength A (5.0 x 10⁻⁴ m) corresponds to visible light (green), B (2.4 x 10⁻⁸ m) corresponds to gamma rays, and C (12 mm) corresponds to microwaves in the electromagnetic spectrum.
Explanation:The types of light associated with different wavelengths can be understood by examining the electromagnetic spectrum.
A) 5.0 x 10⁻⁴ m (or 500 nm): This wavelength lies in the visible spectrum, particularly in the region that would appear as green light.B) 2.4 x 10⁻⁸ m (or 0.024 nm): This extremely short wavelength is characteristic of gamma rays, which are a form of ionizing radiation on the high-energy end of the electromagnetic spectrum.C) 12 mm: This wavelength is within the microwave range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which is used in various technologies including microwave ovens and certain communication devices.A student wants to demonstrate entropy using the songs on her portable music player. What should she do to demonstrate the highest entropy?
A.Play only the classical songs on shuffle.
B.Play all the songs in order by artist.
C.Play all the songs on shuffle.
D.Play all the songs in alphabetical order.
play all the songs in alphabetical order
Eight different values of resistance can be obtained by connecting together three resistors 6.50 Ω, 7.60 Ω, and 1.70 Ω in all possible ways. What are the values in the following situations? All the resistors are connected in series. Ω All the resistors are connected in parallel. Ω The 6.50 Ω and 7.60 Ω resistors are connected in parallel, and the 1.70-Ω resistor is connected in series with the parallel combination. Ω The 6.50 Ω and 1.70 Ω resistors are connected in parallel, and the 7.60-Ω resistor is connected in series with the parallel combination. Ω The 7.60 Ω and 1.70 Ω resistors are connected in parallel, and the 6.50-Ω resistor is connected in series with the parallel combination. Ω The 6.50 Ω and 7.60 Ω resistors are connected in series, and the 1.70-Ω resistor is connected in parallel with the series combination. Ω The 6.50 Ω and 1.70 Ω resistors are connected in series, and the 7.60-Ω resistor is connected in parallel with the series combination. Ω The 7.60 Ω and 1.70 Ω resistors are connected in series, and the 6.50-Ω resistor is connected in parallel with the series combination. Ω Additional Materials
Final answer:
The resistance when all three resistors are connected in series is 15.80 Ω. The resistance when all three resistors are connected in parallel is 1.67 Ω. For the other combinations, the same principles of series and parallel connections can be applied to calculate the resistances.
Explanation:
In a series circuit, the resistors are connected end-to-end, such that the total resistance is the sum of the individual resistances. So, in this case, the resistance when all three resistors are connected in series would be 6.50 Ω + 7.60 Ω + 1.70 Ω = 15.80 Ω.
In a parallel circuit, the resistors are connected in branches, such that the total resistance is determined by the reciprocal of the sum of the reciprocals of the individual resistances. So, in this case, the resistance when all three resistors are connected in parallel would be 1/(1/6.50 Ω + 1/7.60 Ω + 1/1.70 Ω) = 1.67 Ω.
For the other combinations, you can apply the same principles of series and parallel connections to calculate the resistances.
Waste disposals cost less than recycling. true or false
True.
Recycling programs in the United States have now become a major component in today's waste management, unfortunately, recycling programs are not cost effective and are also considered to be one of most expensive ways of ridding waste. According to author Harvey Black of the Environmental Health Perspectives Journal, in San Jose, California “it costs $28 per ton to landfill waste compared with $147 a ton to recycle” (Black 1006).
A bowling ball of mass mb = 3.1 kg is rolled down the lane with a velocity of v1 = 2.5 m/s. It strikes a single remaining pin mp = 0.67 kg head on. After the collision the bowling ball has a velocity (in the same direction) of v2 = 1.95 m/s. How fast will the pin move immediately after it is hit?
Answer:
pin will move in the direction of motion of ball with speed
v = 2.54 m/s
Explanation:
As we know that there is no force on the pin + bowling ball system
So we will have net momentum before and after collision will remain conserved
so we will say that
[tex]m_b v_i = m_b v_{1f} + m_p v_{2f}[/tex]
now plug in all data into the above equation
[tex]3.1(2.5) = 3.1(1.95) + 0.67 v[/tex]
[tex]3.1(2.5 - 1.95) = 0.67 v[/tex]
[tex]v = \frac{3.1(2.5 - 1.95)}{0.67}[/tex]
[tex]v = 2.54 m/s[/tex]
Here, we are required to determine how fast the pin will move after it is hit.
The pin will move with a velocity of;.
v(p) = 2.54m/s
From the question, it is evident the pin is stationary prior to the collision.
During a collision, Momentum is conserved.Therefore,
momentum before collision = momentum after collision.{m(b)×v1} + {m(p)×0} = {m(b)×v2} + {m(p)×v(p)}
We then have;
(3.1 × 2.5) = (3.1 × 1.95) + (0.67 × v(p))
Therefore; 0.67v(p) = 1.705
v(p) = 1.705/0.67
Therefore, the pin will move with a velocity of;
v(p) = 2.54m/s
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A transformer has 1400 turns on the primary and 110 on the secondary.?If the primary is connected to a 120V outlet and draws 3.0x10^-2 Amps, what are the voltage and current of the secondary? A) 1500 V, 2.4x10^-3 A B) 1500 V, 0.38 A C) 9.4 V, 2.4x10^-3 A D) 9.4 V, 0.38 A
Answer:
D) 9.4 V, 0.38 A
1) Voltage in the secondary coil: 9.4 V
The transformer equation states that:
[tex]\frac{V_p}{N_p}=\frac{V_s}{N_s}[/tex]
where
Vp = 120 V is the voltage in the primary coil
Np = 1400 is the number of turns in the primary coil
Vs = ? is the voltage in the secondary coil
Ns = 110 is the number of turns in the secondary coil
Solving the formula for Vs, we find
[tex]V_s = N_s \frac{V_p}{N_p}=(110)\frac{120 V}{1400}=9.4 V[/tex]
2) Current in the secondary coil: 0.38 A
A transformer is considered to be 100% efficient: it means that there is no loss of power, so the power in input is equal to the power in output
[tex]P_i = P_o\\V_p I_p = V_s I_s[/tex]
where
Vp = 120 V is the voltage in the primary coil
[tex]I_p = 3.0\cdot 10^{-2} A[/tex] is the current in the primary coil
Vs = 9.4 V is the voltage in the secondary coil
[tex]I_s[/tex] is the current in the secondary coil
Solving the equation for [tex]I_s[/tex],
[tex]I_s = \frac{V_p I_p}{V_s}=\frac{(120 V)(3.0\cdot 10^{-2}A)}{9.4 V}=0.38 A[/tex]
50 POINTS! A supplier wants to make a profit by buying metal by weight at one altitude and selling it at the same price per pound weight at another altitude. The supplier should
a. buy at high altitude and sell at low altitude
b. buy at low altitude and sell at high altitude
c. disregard altitude because it makes no difference
Choice A is the right answer! Buy at high altitude and sell at low altitude
Hope this helps :)
They should A- buy at a high altitude and sell at a low altitude
When electric current is flowing in a metal, the electrons are moving.A. at nearly the speed of lightB. at the speed of lightC. at the speed of sound in the metalD. at the speed of sound in airE. at none of the above speeds
I believe its E.
Traveling through metal, electrons can not go the speed of light
Answer:
E. at none of the above speeds
Explanation:
When current flowing through the metal then the speed of electrons in metal is not very high.
This speed of all electrons inside metal is opposite the the electric field which is due to the applied potential difference on the metal by external battery.
As we know that
[tex]\Delta V = i R[/tex]
here for the current flowing in the metal the all the free electrons will move at drift speed which is given as
[tex]i = neAv_d[/tex]
here speed of electrons will be
[tex]v_d[/tex] = drift speed
n = number density of electrons
A = crossectional area
e = charge of an electron
in general this speed is very small and approximately of order cm/s
A 405 Hz tuning fork and a piano key are struck together, and no beats are heard. When a 402 Hz tuning fork and the same piano key are struck, three beats are heard. What is the frequency of the piano key?
The difference between the frequencies of the piano key and the tuning fork gives the frequency of the beats.
When the tuning fork is 405 Hz, and no beats are heard, then the piano key is also 405 Hz.
When the piano key is 405 Hz and the tuning fork is 402 Hz, then 405 - 402 = 3 beats are heard.
The piano key is 405 Hz.
Final answer:
The frequency of the piano key is 405 Hz, as it matches one tuning fork without producing beats and creates a beat frequency of 3 Hz with the other tuning fork.
Explanation:
To determine the frequency of the piano key, we analyze the beat phenomena observed with tuning forks of known frequency. When two sound waves of slightly different frequencies are played together, they produce a phenomenon known as beats. The frequency of the beats is the absolute difference between the two frequencies. If no beats are heard, it means the two sounds have the same frequency. Thus, when the 405 Hz tuning fork and the piano key are struck together and no beats are heard, the piano key's frequency is 405 Hz. However, with the 402 Hz tuning fork, three beats per second are heard, indicating a difference of 3 Hz. Therefore, the piano key must be producing a frequency of either 402 Hz + 3 Hz = 405 Hz or 402 Hz - 3 Hz = 399 Hz. Since 405 Hz was established as producing no beats with the piano key, the frequency of the piano key is confirmed to be 405 Hz.
The first stage in designing your presentation is to make a list of questions that will enable you to research the topic.
Your presentation should answer these questions: Where is the magnet that causes Earth’s magnetic field? What is this magnet made of?
What is the solar wind? What happens when Earth’s magnetic field interacts with the solar wind?
Does Earth’s magnetic field protect the planet?
What are the Van Allen belts, and how are they related to Earth’s magnetic field?
What are auroras, and how are they related to Earth’s magnetic field?
How does the principle of electromagnetism explain the interaction between Earth’s magnetic field and the solar wind? Write down two additional questions about Earth’s magnetic field that will make your presentation more informative.
The Earth's magnetic field is believed to be generated by electric currents in the conductive iron alloys of its core, created by convection currents due to heat escaping from the core.
The solar wind is a stream of charged particles released from the upper atmosphere of the Sun, called the corona. This plasma consists of mostly electrons, protons and alpha particles with kinetic energy between 0.5 and 10 keV. Embedded within the solar-wind plasma is the interplanetary magnetic field. As Earth cruises through the black sea of space at about 67,000 mph (108,000 km/h), the planet's magnetic field pushes aside solar wind — the constant stream of plasma particles ejected by the sun — the same way the bow of a speeding motorboat pushes aside water.
The Earth's magnetic field serves to deflect most of the solar wind, whose charged particles would otherwise strip away the ozone layer that protects the Earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation.
A Van Allen radiation belt is a zone of energetic charged particles, most of which originate from the solar wind, that are captured by and held around a planet by that planet's magnetic field. Earth has two such belts and sometimes others may be temporarily created.
An aurora (plural: auroras or aurorae), sometimes referred to as polar lights, northern lights (auroraborealis), southern lights (aurora australis), is a natural light display in the Earth's sky, predominantly seen in the high-latitude regions (around the Arctic and Antarctic). Charged particles from the sun strike atoms in Earth's atmosphere, they cause electrons in the atoms to move to a higher-energy state. When the electrons drop back to a lower energy state, they release a photon: light. This process creates the beautiful aurora, or northern lights.
Simulation of the interaction between Earth's magnetic field and the interplanetary magnetic field. Earth is largely protected from the solar wind, a stream of energetic charged particles emanating from the Sun, by its magnetic field, which deflects most of the charged particles.
What causes an aurora?
What does Earth do to the planet's magnetic fieldpushes aside solar wind?
Earth's magnetic field is created by the movement of molten iron within the Earth's outer core. This field protects the planet from the solar wind. Solar wind's interactions with the field create phenomena like the Van Allen belts and auroras.
Explanation:The magnet that causes Earth’s magnetic field is not a physical magnet but rather the movement of molten iron within the Earth's outer core. This movement generates electric currents which, in turn, create a magnetic field.
Solar wind
is a stream of charged particles released from the Sun's atmosphere and when it hits the Earth’s magnetic field, it gets diverted causing a bow shock.
Yes, Earth’s magnetic field does protect the planet from the solar wind by acting as a shield that deflects the solar radiation around the planet. The Van Allen belts are zones of energized particles, trapped by Earth's magnetic field, and are essentially an extension of Earth's magnetic field into space. Aurora Borealis (Northern Lights) and Aurora Australis (Southern Lights), collectively called auroras, are caused by the interaction of the solar wind with Earth's magnetic field causing charged particles to emit light.
The principle of electromagnetism explains this interaction, as the charged particles from the solar wind have electric fields associated with them, which experience a force in Earth's magnetic field, causing them to move along the field lines. The additional questions can include: How does Earth’s magnetic field affect navigation? What are the impacts of the magnetic field flipping?
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How does the number of each type of particle in a sodium ion compare with the number of each type of particle in a sodium atom?
What units are used to express pressure measurements
The three units used to express pressure are pascal (Pa), atmosphere (atm), and Hg (torr).
The three units are pascal(pa) atmosphere (atm) and hg (torr)
Why does water form spherical drops on some surfaces
By the cohesive forces of the surface layers and other forces including gravity and other drops of virtually all liquids ♀️
Rising warm air transports thermal energy by
Rising warm air transports thermal energy by ( water vapor).
Water vapor.
What quantities determine the resistance of a piece of material? Choose all that apply.The voltage across the materialThe type of materialThe current flowing through the piece of materialThe cross-sectional area of the piece of materialThe length of the piece of material
The resistance is a measure of how the material impedes the flow of electrons through it. There are several factors that affect the resistance of a wire or a material.
The four main factors which affect the resistance of a material are;
The length of the wireThe thickness of the wireThe temperature of the wireThe type of material the wire is made of.The resistance of a piece of material is determined by its type of material, cross-sectional area, and length. Voltage and current are related to resistance through Ohm's law but do not determine it. Temperature can also affect resistance.
Explanation:The quantities that determine the resistance of a piece of material are:
It is to be noted that the voltage across the material and the current flowing through do not determine the resistance of a material but are related to it by Ohm’s law, which states that voltage (V) is the product of current (I) and resistance (R): V = IR.
Additionally, temperature can also influence resistance, generally increasing it in conductors as temperature rises.
Large electric fields in cell membranes cause ions to move through the cell wall. The field strength in a typical membrane is 1.0 x 10 7 N/C. What is the magnitude of the force on a calcium ion with charge +e? What is its acceleration?Is it possible for a particle with the same charge as as calcium to have a different acceleration if placed at this location?What would change the acceleration: mass of the particle? diameter of the particle?
1) Magnitude of the force: [tex]1.6\cdot 10^{-12} N[/tex]
The magnitude of the electric force on an electric charge is:
[tex]F=qE[/tex]
where q is the charge and E the electric field. In this problem:
[tex]q = +e = +1.6\cdot 10^{-19} C[/tex] is the charge of the calcium ion
[tex]E=1.0 \cdot 10^7 N/C[/tex] is the magnitude of the electric field
Substituting,
[tex]F=(1.6\cdot 10^{-19}C)(1.0\cdot 10^7 N/C)=1.6\cdot 10^{-12} N[/tex]
2) Acceleration: [tex]2.5\cdot 10^{13} m/s^2[/tex]
The atomic mass of a calcium ion is approx. 40 a.m.u, this means that its mass is
[tex]m=40 \cdot (1.6\cdot 10^{-27}kg)=6.4\cdot 10^{-26} kg[/tex]
And so, the acceleration of the ion is given by Newton's second law:
[tex]a=\frac{F}{m}=\frac{1.6\cdot 10^{-12}N}{6.4\cdot 10^{-26} kg}=2.5\cdot 10^{13} m/s^2[/tex]
3) Yes
Explanation: a particle with same charge (+e) of the calcium ion could have the same acceleration of the calcium ion if it has exactly the same mass. In fact, the acceleration depends only on two factors: the mass and the force, so it both are the same, than the acceleration does not change.
4) The mass of the particle
In fact, the acceleration of the particle is given by:
[tex]a=\frac{F}{m}[/tex]
where F is the electric force and m the mass. Therefore, if the mass changes ,the acceleration changes as well.
A particle with the same mass and charge as calcium could have a different acceleration.
Let us recall that the electric field strength is the magnitude of the electric field at a point. Mathematically;
F = qE
F = electric force
q = charge on the +e ion
E electric field strength
F = 1.0 x 10^7 N/C x 1.6 x 10^-19 C
F = 1.6 x 10^-12 N
Since;
F = ma
a = F/m = 1.6 x 10^-12 N/40(1.6 x 10^-27)
a = 2.5 x 10^13 ms-2
A particle with the same mass and charge as calcium could have a different acceleration. If the mass of the particle changes, the acceleration of the particle changes as also.
Learn more about mass and charge: https://brainly.com/question/8139015
Mechanical advantage allows you to apply a force over a what distance to what the distance an object moves
Mechanical advantage allows you to apply a force over a short distance to increase the distance and object moves.