In an Honors organic chemistry lab, a student devised an experiment in which she would treat benzoic acid with t-butanol in an acid-catalyzed esterification reaction using concentrated sulfuric acid. Regretfully, the synthetic yield of the expected ester was exceedingly low. Please explain this outcome in terms of the chemistry that actually occurred in the reaction flask. [This attempted esterification reaction would have been better suited to dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC/pyridine) esterification conditions.]

Answer: Amount of Gallium = 0.127g

Explanation:

Electrolysis equation is:

Ga3+   +   3e-    ------> Ga

 To calculate the charge

t = 40.0 min = 40.0 x 60 s = 2400 s

time, t = 2400s

Q = I*t =  

= 0.22A x 2400s

= 528 C

1 mol of Ga requires 3 mol of electron

1 mol of electron = 1 Faraday =96485 C

So,1 mol of Ga requires  96485x 3= 289455 C

mol of Gallium = 528/289455 = 0.00182 mol

Molar mass of Ga = 69.72 g/mol

mass of Ga = number of moles x  molar mass

= 0.00182mol * 69.72

g/mol

= 0.127g

or you can use this direct formula

m=(current*time/Faraday's)*(molar mass/no of electrons transferred)

keeping in mind   Ga3+ + 3e- → Ga

n=3

m=(It/F)*(mew/n)

m =(0.22 x 2400/96485) x (69.72/3)

m=0.127 g

Answer:

3.89 atm

Explanation:

Given data

If we treat air as an ideal gas, we can calculate the final pressure using the Gay-Lussac's law.

[tex]\frac{P_1}{T_1} = \frac{P_2}{T_2}\\P_2 = \frac{P_1 \times T_2 }{T_1} = \frac{2.80atm \times 396K }{285K}\\P_2 = 3.89 atm[/tex]

Answer:

See explaination

Explanation:

In order to have the detailed and step by step solution of the given problem, check or see the attached files.

Answer:

2. because water molecules are dipoles and the dipoles orient in an energetically favorable manner to solvate the ions.

Explanation:

For the water to dissociate electrolytes, this one has to orientate its molecules in an energetically favorable way that allows them to interact with ions and dissociate electrolytes. This has to do with the way that intermolecular forces of a solute and a solvent, which is the water, interact to form a solution. The different intermolecular forces that interact in a solution are dipole-dipole force, ion-dipole interactions, Van Der Waals forces, and Hydrogen bonding.

Answer:

c) 107.75

Explanation:

Hot water lost = 61 g * 60C * (4.184 J g¯1 °C¯1) = 3,660

Cold water = 74.6g * 20C  * (4.184 J g¯1 °C¯1) = 1,492

The difference is 3,660 - 1,492 = 2,168

Calorimeter Constant = Heat released by burning / Change in temperature

Calorimeter Constant = 2,168 / 40C * (1.987 J g¯1 °C¯1)

Calorimeter Constant = 107.75

Answer:

The total pressure of the mixture is 1.657 atm

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Mol fraction of H2 = 0.35

Pressure of H2 = 0.58 atm

Partial pressure gas = total pressure gas * mol fraction gas

Step 2: Calculate the total pressure

Partial pressure H2 = total pressure * mol fraction

0.58 atm = total pressure * 0.35

Total pressure = 0.58 atm / 0.35

Total pressure = 1.657 atm

The total pressure of the mixture is 1.657 atm

Considering the Dalton's partial pressure, the total pressure in the mixture of gases is 1.657 atm.

The pressure exerted by a particular gas in a mixture is known as its partial pressure.

So, Dalton's law states that the total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of the pressures that each gas would exert if it were alone:

[tex]P_{T} =P_{1} +P_{2} +... +P_{n}[/tex]

where n is the amount of gases in the mixture.

Dalton's partial pressure law can also be expressed in terms of the mole fraction of the gas in the mixture.  So in a mixture of two or more gases, the partial pressure of gas A can be expressed as:

[tex]P_{A} =x_{A} P_{T}[/tex]

In this case, the partial pressure of gas H₂ can be expressed as:

[tex]P_{H_{2} } =x_{H_{2} } P_{T}[/tex]

You know:

Replacing in the definition of partial pressure of gas H₂:

[tex]0.58 atm=0.35P_{T}[/tex]

Solving:

[tex]P_{T}=\frac{0.58 atm}{0.35}[/tex]

[tex]P_{T}[/tex]= 1.657 atm

In summary, the total pressure in the mixture of gases is 1.657 atm.

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Answer:

I THINK mechanical energy

Answer:

The additional information required to solve this problem is the initial volume.

the final pressure P₂ of the gas is 1.108 atm

Explanation:

Given that :

A sample of gas at initial temperature [tex]T_1 = 12.0^0 \ C[/tex] = (12+273)K = 285 K

Pressure (P₁) = 1.06 atm

Initial Volume (V₁) = unknown ???

Final Volume (V₂) = 2.30 L

final temperature [tex]T_2 = 24.9^0 \ C[/tex]  = (24.9 +273)K = 297.9 K

Find the final Pressure (P₂)

The relation between: Pressure, Volume and Temperature can be gotten from the ideal gas equation :

PV = nRT

The Ideal Gas Equation is also reduced to the General Gas Law or the combined Gas Law by assuming that n= 1 .

From ; PV = nRT

[tex]\frac{PV}{T} = R \ \ ( constant) \ if \ n=1[/tex]

∴ [tex]\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1} = \frac{P_2V_2}{T_2} = \frac{P_3V_3}{T_3}...= \frac{P_nV_n}{T_n} \ \ \ ( n \ constant)[/tex]

The additional information required to solve this problem is the initial volume.

This expression is a combination of Boyle's Law and Charles Law. From the combined Gas Law , it can be deduced that at constant volume, the pressure of a given mass(mole) of gas varies directly with absolute temperature.

∴ [tex]\frac{P_1}{T_1} = \frac{P_2}{T_2}[/tex]  if n & Volume (V) are constant .

[tex]P_2 = \frac{1.06*297.9}{285}[/tex]

P₂ = 1.108 atm

Thus, the final pressure P₂ of the gas is 1.108 atm

Answer:pH = 2.96

Explanation:

C5H5N + HBr --------------> C5H5N+  + Br-

millimoles of pyridine = 80 x 0.3184 =25.472mM

25.472 millimoles of HBr must be added to reach equivalence point.

25.472  = V x 0.5397

V =25.472/0.5397= 47.197 mL HBr

total volume = 80 + 47.197= 127.196 mL

Concentration of [C5H5N+] = no of moles / volume=

25.472/ 127.196= 0.20M

so,

pOH = 1/2 [pKw + pKa + log C]

pKb = 8.77

pOH = 1/2 [14 + 8.77 + log 0.20]

pOH = 11.0355

pH = 14 - 11.0355

pH = 2.96

Final answer:

To calculate the pH at equivalence, we need to determine the concentration of pyridine and its conjugate acid. The pH at equivalence can be calculated using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, which relates the pH to the pKa and the concentration of the conjugate acid and base. The pKa value for the pyridinium ion can be determined by subtracting the pKb of pyridine from the pKw.

Explanation:

To calculate the pH at equivalence, we need to determine the concentration of pyridine and its conjugate acid. From the given information, we know that the initial volume of pyridine solution is 80.0 mL and its concentration is 0.3184 M. We also have the concentration of HBr solution, which is 0.5397 M. The reaction between pyridine and HBr is:

C5H5N (aq) + HBr (aq) → C5H5NH+Br- (aq)

This reaction forms the pyridinium ion (C5H5NH+) which is the conjugate acid of pyridine. At equivalence, the moles of pyridine and pyridinium ion are equal. Using the stoichiometry of the reaction, we can calculate the number of moles of pyridine:

Moles of pyridine = Volume of pyridine solution * Concentration of pyridine = 80.0 mL * 0.3184 M = 25.472 moles

Since the reaction is 1:1, the moles of pyridine also correspond to the moles of pyridinium ion. Therefore, the concentration of pyridinium ion is:

Concentration of pyridinium ion = Moles of pyridinium ion / Volume of pyridinium ion solution = 25.472 moles / 80.0 mL = 0.3184 M

Now, we can use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to calculate the pH at equivalence:

pH = pKa + log10 ([A-] / [HA])

Given that the pKb of pyridine is 8.77, we can determine the pKa of pyridinium ion:

pKa = 14.00 - pKb = 14.00 - 8.77 = 5.23

Substituting the values into the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:

pH = 5.23 + log10 (0.3184 / 0.3184) = 5.23 + 0 = 5.23

Therefore, the pH at equivalence is 5.23.

Answer:

Methane

Explanation:

Methane is a potent greenhouse gas with the formula CH₄. Hope this helps!

Answer:

0.581 L  or  581 mL

Explanation:

As stated in the question, the combined gas law is (P1*V1/T1) = (P2*V2/T2)

Write down the amounts you are given.

V1 = 0.152 L (I was taught to always convert milliliters to liters)

P1 = 717 mmHg

T1 = 315 K

V2 = ?

P2 = 463 mmHg

T2 = 777 K

The variable that is being solved for is final volume. Fill in the combined gas law equation with the corresponding amounts and solve for V2.

(717 mmHg*0.152 L) / (315 K) = (463 mmHg*V2) / (777 K)

0.346 = (463*V2) / (777)

0.346*777 = (463*V2) / (777)*777

268.842 = 463*V2

268.842/463 = (463*V2)/463

V2 = 0.581

Pressure and volume are indirectly proportional. This checks out because the volume increased while pressure decreased. Volume and temperature are directly proportional. This checks out because both volume and temperature increased. This is a good way to check your answers. You can also solve each side of the combined gas law equation to see if they are both the same.

Answer:

Exper

des

com

Explanation:

Final answer:

Experimental investigations focus on manipulating one variable and controlling others to determine effects, while descriptive investigations observe natural occurrences without manipulation. Field experiments modify a variable in a natural environment with some control over extraneous factors.

Explanation:

In scientific investigations, it is essential to understand the roles of different types of variables and controls. Experimental investigations allow for the control of variables to ensure that only one variable is manipulated, which is the independent variable. This isolation helps in distinguishing the direct effects of the manipulation on the dependent variable, which is being measured and recorded.

Field investigations provide an opportunity to study phenomena in a natural setting, where controlling all extraneous variables is not always feasible. However, field experiments can also be conducted where one independent variable is intentionally altered while attempting to control extraneous factors, thus achieving a balance between external and internal validity.

Lastly, there are observational studies or descriptive investigations which do not manipulate variables, but rather observe and record variables as they naturally occur. These are typically less expensive, less time-consuming, and can encompass a wide range of variables, although they often lack the control of experimental studies.

Logical steps to do the investigation involve identifying the independent, dependent, and controlled variables, establishing controls and a control group if applicable, and following an experimental procedure that ensures repeatability and reliability of the results.

Answer

A. 8

Explanation:

The Atomic number is equal to the number of protons.

I took the test and got it right so this is 100% correct. It is NOT 18 like some people say

The atomic number of an oxygen atom with 8 protons is 8, regardless of the number of neutrons.

The atomic number of an atom is determined by the number of protons in its nucleus. This number also sorts elements into their correct position on the Periodic Table. Therefore, an oxygen atom with 8 protons will have an atomic number of 8, irrespective of the number of neutrons it has.

This is because neutrons do not influence the atomic number, only the atomic mass. So the correct answer to your question is: A. 8.

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Answer:

0.036 moles of gas are contained in 890.0 mL at 21.0 C and 0.987 atm

Explanation:

Ideal gases are those gases whose molecules do not interact with each other and move randomly.

An ideal gas is characterized by three state variables: absolute pressure (P), volume (V), and absolute temperature (T). The relationship between them constitutes the ideal gas law, an equation that relates the three variables if the amount of substance, number of moles n, remains constant and where R is the molar constant of the gases:

P * V = n * R * T

where P represents the pressure of the gas, V its volume, n the number of moles of gas (which must remain constant), R the constant of the gases and T the temperature of the gas.

In this case:

Replacing:

0.987 atm* 0.890 L= n* 0.082 [tex]\frac{atm*L}{mol*K}[/tex] * 294 K

Solving:

[tex]n=\frac{0.987 atm*0.890 L}{0.082\frac{atm*L}{mol*K}*294K }[/tex]

n= 0.036 moles

0.036 moles of gas are contained in 890.0 mL at 21.0 C and 0.987 atm

Answer:

Explanation:

Given that:

the temperature [tex]T_1[/tex] = 250 °C= ( 250+ 273.15 ) K = 523.15 K

Pressure = 1800 kPa

a)

The truncated viral equation is expressed as:

[tex]\frac{PV}{RT} = 1 + \frac{B}{V} + \frac{C}{V^2}[/tex]

where; B = - [tex]152.5 \ cm^3 /mol[/tex]   C = -5800 [tex]cm^6/mol^2[/tex]

R = 8.314 × 10³ cm³ kPa. K⁻¹.mol⁻¹

Plugging all our values; we have

[tex]\frac{1800*V}{8.314*10^3*523.15} = 1+ \frac{-152.5}{V} + \frac{-5800}{V^2}[/tex]

[tex]4.138*10^{-4} \ V= 1+ \frac{-152.5}{V} + \frac{-5800}{V^2}[/tex]

Multiplying through with V² ; we have

[tex]4.138*10^4 \ V ^3 = V^2 - 152.5 V - 5800 = 0[/tex]

[tex]4.138*10^4 \ V ^3 - V^2 + 152.5 V + 5800 = 0[/tex]

V = 2250.06  cm³ mol⁻¹

Z = [tex]\frac{PV}{RT}[/tex]

Z = [tex]\frac{1800*2250.06}{8.314*10^3*523.15}[/tex]

Z = 0.931

b) The truncated virial equation [Eq. (3.36)], with a value of B from the generalized Pitzer correlation [Eqs. (3.58)–(3.62)].

The generalized Pitzer correlation is :

[tex]T_c = 647.1 \ K \\ \\ P_c = 22055 \ kPa \\ \\ \omega = 0.345[/tex]

[tex]T__{\gamma}} = \frac{T}{T_c}[/tex]

[tex]T__{\gamma}} = \frac{523.15}{647.1}[/tex]

[tex]T__{\gamma}} = 0.808[/tex]

[tex]P__{\gamma}} = \frac{P}{P_c}[/tex]

[tex]P__{\gamma}} = \frac{1800}{22055}[/tex]

[tex]P__{\gamma}} = 0.0816[/tex]

[tex]B_o = 0.083 - \frac{0.422}{T__{\gamma}}^{1.6}}[/tex]

[tex]B_o = 0.083 - \frac{0.422}{0.808^{1.6}}[/tex]

[tex]B_o = 0.51[/tex]

[tex]B_1 = 0.139 - \frac{0.172}{T__{\gamma}}^{ \ 4.2}}[/tex]

[tex]B_1 = -0.282[/tex]

The compressibility is calculated as:

[tex]Z = 1+ (B_o + \omega B_1 ) \frac{P__{\gamma}}{T__{\gamma}}[/tex]

[tex]Z = 1+ (-0.51 +(0.345* - 0.282) ) \frac{0.0816}{0.808}[/tex]

Z = 0.9386

[tex]V= \frac{ZRT}{P}[/tex]

[tex]V= \frac{0.9386*8.314*10^3*523.15}{1800}[/tex]

V = 2268.01 cm³ mol⁻¹

c) From the steam tables (App. E).

At [tex]T_1 = 523.15 \ K \ and \ P = 1800 \ k Pa[/tex]

V = 0.1249 m³/ kg

M (molecular weight) = 18.015 gm/mol

V  =  0.1249 × 10³ × 18.015

V = 2250.07 cm³/mol⁻¹

R = 729.77 J/kg.K

Z = [tex]\frac{PV}{RT}[/tex]

Z = [tex]\frac{1800*10^3 *0.1249}{729.77*523.15}[/tex]

Z = 0.588

Final answer:

To determine Z and V for steam at 250°C and 1800 kPa, we can use the truncated virial equation with the given experimental values of the virial coefficients, or we can use the generalized Pitzer correlation to obtain the B value and then use the truncated virial equation. Alternatively, we can look up the values in the steam tables.

Explanation:

The question asks us to determine Z and V for steam at 250°C and 1800 kPa using three different methods: (a) The truncated virial equation with given experimental values of the virial coefficients, (b) The truncated virial equation with B value obtained using the generalized Pitzer correlation, and (c) The steam tables.

(a) To determine Z and V using the truncated virial equation with B and C values, we substitute the given temperature and pressure into the equation and solve for Z and V.

(b) To determine Z and V using the truncated virial equation with the B value obtained from the generalized Pitzer correlation, we substitute the given temperature and pressure into the equation and solve for Z and V.

(c) To determine Z and V using the steam tables, we look up the values for Z and V at the given temperature and pressure.

A physical change is when there is an alteration to the material but does not affect at the molecular level. An example of a physical change would be cutting, crushing, freezing, and boiling a material object.

Answer:

=> 572.83 K (299.83°C).

=> 95.86 m^2.

Explanation:

Parameters given are; Water flowing= 13.85 kg/s, temperature of water entering = 54.5°C and the temperature of water going out = 87.8°C, gas flow rate 54,430 kg/h(15.11 kg/s). Temperature of gas coming in = 427°C = 700K, specific heat capacity of hot gas and water = 1.005 kJ/ kg.K and 4.187 KJ/kg. K, overall heat transfer coefficient = Uo = 69.1 W/m^2.K.

Hence;

Mass of hot gas × specific heat capacity of hot gas × change in temperature = mass of water × specific heat capacity of water × change in temperature.

15.11 × 1.005(700K - x ) = 13.85 × 4.187(33.3).

If we solve for x, we will get the value of x to be;

x = 572.83 K (2.99.83°C).

x is the temperature of the exit gas that is 572.83 K(299.83°C).

(b). ∆T = 339.2 - 245.33/ln (339.2/245.33).

∆T = 93.87/ln 1.38.

∆T = 291.521K.

Heat transfer rate= 15.11 × 1.005 × 10^3 (700 - 572.83) = 1931146.394.

heat-transfer area = 1931146.394/69.1 × 291.521.

heat-transfer area= 95.86 m^2.

Answer:

Cathode

Cu^2+(aq) + 2e ----> Cu(s)

Zinc is the cathode

Explanation:

The plating of copper is normally done by electrolysis. Electrolysis is generally defined as the chemical decomposition produced by passing an electric current through a liquid or solution containing ions.

There are two electrodes, the anode and the cathode. Recall that electrolysis is not a spontaneous process, hence energy from a battery is required to drive the reaction in the desired direction.

The metal to be plated is normally the cathode while the metal used to plate it is normally the anode. Since copper is to be plated on zinc, zinc must be the cathode while copper will be the anode.

The half-reaction that takes place when pennies are plated with solid copper is :

Cu^2+(aq) + 2e ----> Cu(s)

Zinc is the cathode.

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Answer:

I can provide a proper answer since there are no bonds specified.

Explanation:

Answer:

Calculate the molar concentration of the NaOH solution that you prepared Number of moles of KHP = Number of moles NaOH = 2.476 x 10 -3 moles Number of moles NaOH = Mb x Vb Mb = 2.476 x 10 -3 moles / 0.0250 L (equivalence point) = 0.0990 M 3

Explanation:

To convert atoms to moles, divide the number of atoms by Avogadro's number of 6.02 x 10²³ atoms per mole.

Your friend is partially correct. In order to convert atoms to moles, you use the constant known as Avogadro's number (6.02 x 10²³ atoms per mole). However, it's important to note that you need to divide the number of atoms by Avogadro's number, not multiply it. Let's give an example:

Example: If we have 2.56 x 10²⁴ atoms of Uranium, we'd use Avogadro's number to convert this to moles like so: (2.56 x 10²⁴ atoms) / (6.02 x 10²³ atoms/mol) = 4.25 moles of Uranium

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No, your friend is not correct. To convert atoms to moles, divide the number of atoms by Avogadro's number, 6.022 × 10²³. This is because 1 mole of any substance contains 6.022 × 10²³ atoms.

To convert the number of atoms to moles, you should divide the number of atoms by Avogadro's number, which is 6.022 × 10²³. This relationship is based on the fact that 1 mole of any substance contains exactly 6.022 × 10²³ atoms, a constant known as Avogadro's number.

Step-by-Step Explanation:

For example, if you have 1.2044 × 10²⁴ atoms of hydrogen:

Complete Question: -

I want to convert atoms to moles. My friend tells my to multiply the number of atoms by 6.02 x 10²³. Is my friend correct?

Answer:

the answer is all of them

Explanation:

it is all of them because organisms in and ecosystem compete for anything and every thing that they need. Hope this helps!

Answer:

40659.855 J

Explanation:

From the question given above, we obtained the following:

Mass (m) = 18.015g

Heat of vaporisation (ΔHv) = 2257 J/g

Heat (Q) =?

The heat required to vaporise the water can be calculated as follow:

Q = mΔHv

Q = 18.015 x 2257

Q = 40659.855 J

Therefore, the heat required to vaporise the water is 40659.855 J

Answer:

-Hybridization does not account for observed bond angles in molecules.

-Single bonds are always pi bonds.

-The length of a bond is determined by where the energy of the system is at its lowest point                                                                

Explanation:

-The very first statement is incorrect because it does account for different bong angles as the hybrid orbitals are responsible for contributing for bond angles in a way that more the hybrid orbitals present the lesser the angles it forms.

-The second statement is incorrect because single bonds are considered as sigma bonds and not a pi bond.

-The third statement is incorrect because hybridization is responsible for deciding the bond length.

The incorrect statements about bonding and hybridization are that single bonds are always pi bonds and pi bonds are always between unhybridized p orbitals.

The incorrect statements about bonding and hybridization are:

Hybridization does not account for observed bond angles in molecules, so this statement is correct. The length of a bond is determined by where the energy of the system is at its lowest point, so this statement is also correct. Multiple bonds can have a combination of sigma and pi bonds, so this statement is correct as well.

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Answer:

The Volume of the lungs that would produce 2 mmHg pressure decrease is

         [tex]V_2 = 2.81 \ L[/tex]

Explanation:

From the question we are told that

     The volume of air in the lungs is  [tex]V = 2.8 \ L[/tex]

     The pressure difference for quit normal inspiration is [tex]P = 2 \ mmHg[/tex]

      The temperature of air in the lungs [tex]T = 37^oC[/tex]

      The pressure  after normal  expiration is at  [tex]T = 760 \ mmHg[/tex]

From ideal gas law we have that

         [tex]PV= nRT[/tex]

Now since  nRT is constant we have that

        [tex]P_1 V_1 = P_2 V_2[/tex]

As the pressure decreased by 2 mmHg the volume becomes

        [tex]V_2 = \frac{P_1 V_1}{P_2}[/tex]

        [tex]V_2 = \frac{2.8 * 760}{758}[/tex]

        [tex]V_2 = 2.81 \ L[/tex]

The change in the lung volume during the process of quiet inspiration can be calculated using Boyle's Law by determining the change in pressure and relating it to an equivalent change in volume. Once pressure values are converted to the same units, the Boyle's Law equation (P1V1 = P2V2) is used to solve for the final volume (V2) that represents the expanded lung volume.

The changes in volume and pressure in the lungs during inspiration (breath in) can be described using Boyle's Law, which states that the pressure and volume of a gas have an inverse relationship, when temperature is held constant. In this scenario, a decrease in pressure by 2 mmHg drives an expansion of the lungs, and we are asked to determine this corresponding change in volume.

Firstly, the pressure change needs to be converted into standard pressure units - the SI unit is Pascal. 1 mm Hg equals 133.322 Pa, so a 2 mm Hg difference equals 266.644 Pascal (Pa).

Using Boyle's Law equation (P1V1=P2V2), where P1=the initial pressure, V1=the initial volume, P2=the final pressure (P1 - 2mm of Hg) and V2=the final volume that we are trying to find, we can solve for V2. P1 is atmospheric pressure, which is approximately 101,325 Pa, and V1 is the initial volume of air in lungs, which is 2.8 Litres.

Solving the equation gives the final volume, V2, after the pressure decrease and resulting lung expansion.

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Answer: tap water to ice cube

Explanation:

Answer: tap water to ice cube

Explanation:

Answer:

x= 138.24 g

Explanation:

We use the avogradro's number

6.023 x 10^23 molecules -> 1 mol C2H8

26.02 x 10^23 molecules -> x

x= (26.02 x 10^23 molecules  * 1 mol C2H8 )/6.023 x 10^23 molecules

x= 4.32 mol C2H8

1 mol C2H8     -> 32 g

4.32 mol C2H8 -> x

x= (4.32 mol C2H8 * 32 g)/ 1 mol C2H8

x= 138.24 g

The correct answer is 156.69 * 10^46 grams.

How to convert molecules to grams?

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Answer:

Check the explanation

Explanation:

Kindly check the attached image below to see the step by step explanation to the question above.

Final answer:

To estimate the mixing-cup average concentration of benzoic acid in water, the Schmidt number and fluid flow characteristics are vital. Understanding incompressible fluid flow through constrictions helps in analyzing scenarios like Venturi tubes.

Explanation:

Estimate the mixing-cup average concentration of benzoic acid in the water leaving the tube by considering the overall flow conditions in the cylindrical tube.

Sc (Schmidt number) represents the fluid flow characteristics such as the diffusion rate of momentum and mass transfer in the system.

Understanding concepts like incompressible fluid flow through constrictions can aid in analyzing scenarios like flow in a Venturi tube where diameters change.

Answer:

The air molecules that are surrounding the metal will speed up, and the molecules in the metal will slow down.

Explanation:

Because the heat of the plate will be releases warming up the air making it move faster

Approximately 0.237 milligrams of cesium-137 would remain after 60 years.

The amount of a radioactive substance that remains after a certain amount of time can be calculated using the decay constant. For cesium-137, the decay constant is 0.0871 per year. To determine the amount remaining after 60 years, we can use the formula:
Amount remaining = initial amount * e^(-decay constant * time)
Substituting the values, we get:
Amount remaining = 20mg * e^(-0.0871 * 60) = 20mg * e^(-5.226) ≈ 0.237mg. Therefore, approximately 0.237 milligrams of cesium-137 would remain after 60 years.

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