Answer:
Astrocytes
Explanation:
Astrocytes are star shaped glial cells and are the most abundant glial cells in the group. Thy have gap junctions with pottasium and calcium channels that refulate the concentration of the ions in the environment creating a buffer that ensures the neurons function effectively during saltatory condution when ions are released outside their membrane. They also capture any unused neurotransmitters during cell communication by neurons at the synaptic junctions.
What is most common white blood cell?
A. lymphocyte
B. neutrophil
C. basophil
D. monocyte
What is the hole in the center of the iris? What is its function?
Answer:
Pupil
Function: serves as site for entry of light into the eyeball.
Explanation:
The hole in the center of the iris is called pupil. The light enters the eyeball through the pupil. The pupil is circular or oval in shape and appears mostly black in color. With the help of muscular iris, the size of the pupil changes according to the intensity of incoming light.
Hence, the pigmented portion of the eyes of vertebrates (the iris) has a hole in its center called pupil to allow the light to enter the eyeball.
A cell bearing CD8 on its surface would be most similar to or have the most in common with which of the following cells?
Question 8 options:
follicular dendritic cells
NK cells
monocytes
macrophages
dendritic cells
Answer:
Option). NK cells.
Explanation:
Cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8) can bed defined as a transmembrane glycoprotein that acts a co-receptor for the receptor present on T cells (TCR). The CD8 is marker for [tex]T_c[/tex] cells (cytotoxic T cells) as it is predominantly present on cell surface of these cells.
Along with cytotoxic cells, CD8 molecule is also expressed in surface of natural killer cells (NK cells), thymocytes, and myeloid dendritic cells.
Hence, a cell having CD8 on its surface (cytotoxic T cell) would be most similar to NK cells.
The correct answer is c. monocytes.
CD8, also known as cluster of differentiation 8, is a protein found on the surface of certain cells of the immune system. Specifically, CD8 is expressed on the surface of cytotoxic T cells, which are a type of lymphocyte that plays a crucial role in the immune response. These cells are capable of directly killing infected cells, particularly those infected with viruses or transformed by cancer.
Monocytes are a type of white blood cell that circulate in the blood and can differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells once they migrate into tissues. Monocytes express CD8 at a lower level compared to the high levels found on cytotoxic T cells, but they are still part of the immune system's response to infection and are involved in phagocytosis and antigen presentation.
Let's consider the other options:
a. Follicular dendritic cells: These cells are found in lymphoid follicles and are involved in the humoral immune response by presenting antigens to B cells. They do not express CD8.
b. NK cells (Natural Killer cells): These cells are part of the innate immune system and can kill infected or cancerous cells without prior sensitization. While they share some functions with CD8+ T cells, they do not express CD8.
d. Dendritic cells: These are antigen-presenting cells that process antigen material and present it on the surface to other cells of the immune system. They can express CD8, but not typically at the levels seen on cytotoxic T cells.
e. Macrophages: These are specialized cells involved in the detection, phagocytosis, and destruction of bacteria and other harmful organisms. While they can be derived from monocytes, they do not typically express CD8.
Therefore, monocytes are the cells that would be most similar to or have the most in common with a cell bearing CD8 on its surface, as they can express CD8 and are part of the immune system's response.
One of the reasons we eat food is to gain energy. How can we calculate the amount of energy that a food contains?
Answer:
By calculating the total calorific value of each food ingredients
Explanation:
Food’s energy content is due to its calorific values or the amount of calories it it. Carbohydrate, protein and fat are the major constituents of a food. Suppose, the amount of carbohydrate, protein and fat intake in an adult is equal to X, Y and Z grams
In one gram of carbohydrate , protein and fat there are 4 , 4 and 9 calories per gram
Thus, the total calories in the food of adult will be equal to
[tex](X * 4 + Y * 4 + Z* 9)[/tex] calories
Internalized homophobia can be defined as _______
a.
a fear of emotional intimacy with the same sex
b.
a fear of physical intimacy with the same sex
c.
self-hatred because of one's homosexuality
d.
homosexuals' hatred toward the opposite sex
0.75 points
Answer: c. Self-hatred because of one's homosexuality
Explanation:
Internalized homophobia is a feeling of self disgust or hatred which is also called as a feeling of internal oppression. This appears when a person a person develops sexual desire for the person of a same sex that is development of homosexuality. People become gay, lesbian and bisexual. This is related with feeling of stress, anger and unsatisfaction.
which type of molecule prevents cell membranes from dissolving in water?
a. Nonpolar fatty acids
b. Large globular proteins
c. Polar nucleotides
d. Complex carbohydrates
Answer:
d. Complex carbohydrates
Explanation:
Complex carbohydrates prevents cell membranes from dissolving in water.
Answer:
The answer is a. Nonpolar fatty acids
Explanation:
The answer is a. Nonpolar fatty acids
What makes a cell membrane insoluble in water is that it contains a hydrophobic end. This hydrophobic end normally consists of two fatty acid chains nonpolar molecules, which are carbons and hydrogens. Fatty acids can be saturated or unsaturated.
What two lobes does the central sulcus separate?
1. Certain species of fish are unsafe to consume in high quantities because these fish A. ingest other fish that are poisonous to humans. B. contain vitamins that aren't water-soluble and can cause toxicity. C. are endangered species. D. have high levels of metals in them from cancer-causing pesticides.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
I would say D because chemicals from farms run off into local waters where you catch fish from. These chemicals were not made for human consumption, some were made to keep animals off farms.
Ingest other fish that are poisonous to humans, so that they are poisonous and unsafe to consume.i.e, option A is correct.
What is food chain?Food chain, in ecology, the sequence of transfers of matter and energy in the form of food from organism to organism. Food chains intertwine locally into a food web because most organisms consume more than one type of animal or plant.
In a food chain a primary consumers eats the producer, a secondary consumer eats the primary consumer and then the tertiary consumer eats the secondary consumer. The level of poison will increase as it goes down the food chain so the tertiary consumer will have the highest amount of toxins in it.
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What is the signal for a vesicle storing peptide hormone to move to the plasma membrane and release contents of vesicle?
a. Activation of an integrin receptor
b. Activation of a g-protein
c. Activation of an enzyme linked receptor
d. Increase in [Ca++]i
e. Increase in [Na+]i
Answer:
(d). Increase in [Ca++]i
Explanation:
Peptide hormones are hormones, synthesized by polymerization of amino acids that generally bind with receptors present on membrane of target cells. These hormones are produced in ER (endoplasmic reticulum) and are packed into secretory vesicles in Golgi for export.
These peptide hormone storing vesicles move to membrane of target cell and release their content due to increase in intracellular calcium (Ca++) ions concentration.
Thus, the correct answer is option (d).
What valve prevents back flow into the left ventricle of the heart?
A) pulmonary valve
B) mitral valve
C) tricuspid valve
D) aortic valve
Answer:
Option D, aortic valve
Explanation:
The location of aortic valve i.e between the aorta and left ventricle, allows it to stop the blood from flowing back into the left ventricle.
The other options are incorrect as -
Pulmonary valve being located between the pulmonary artery and right ventricle, stop the blood from flowing back into the right ventricle.
The tricuspid valve and mitral valve stops the blood from flowing back into the right atria and left atria respectively.
Hence, option D is correct.
25 points question!!!!
What is the state of Michigan doing to fix the problem of purple loosestrifes? (invasive species)
I need a source( from where did you get the answer)
The purple loosestirfes are a beautiful wild plant. They are native of Eurasia, more specifically Macedonia, and they have been brought by accident in North America. Once there, this plant managed to spread out very quickly in the wetlands, rapidly overtaking the territory of the native species. The problem became very serious, especially in Michigan, so the scientists from the universities started to make projects in order to stop this invasive species from destroying the local flora and even fauna. The biggest steps made have been by releasing natural enemies of this plant where it has spread out. The natural enemies are all insects, and they have selectively been released to be only harmful tot he purple loosestrife, but not the other plants. The effects have been good, as the insects managed to reduce the density of this invasive species by a lot, opening up space for the native species to thrive again.
Source: Michigan State University
When the charge inside the cell returns to the resting potential following depolarization, it is called:
Answer:
Repolarization
Explanation:
Repolarization refers to the phase during which the resting potential is restored after depolarization. This means that the inside of the axon membrane becomes negative again compared to the outside.
Repolarization is obtained by the functioning of K+ ion channels. The opening of K+ ion channels allows the K+ to move outside of the axon. Movement of positively charged ion (K+) outside of axon makes the inside negative again and the resting potential is restored.
Mr. Brown's blood typing results showed no agglutination when his blood sample was mixed with either plasma containing anti -A or anti - B antibodies. What is his blood type and what blood type can he receive?
Answer:
Mr Brown's blood type: AB
He can receive blood from: A, B, AB and O blood type (universal recipient)
Explanation:
Mr. Brown's blood does not exhibit agglutination with both plasma having anti -A or anti - B antibodies. The anti -A antibodies and B antigen are present in B blood type while A blood type has anti - B antibodies and A antigen.
Mr. Brown's blood does not show agglutination for both A and B antigens which means that his blood lack both anti -A or anti - B antibodies. The blood type that lacks both anti -A or anti - B antibodies is "AB" blood type. So, Mr. Brown's blood type is the "AB" blood type.
Since his blood lack both antibodies, he can receive blood from all blood types, that is, A, B, AB, and O.
The structure of a Neuron: ___________ contains nucleus and organelles; _________ receives nerve impulses and conducts it towards cell body whereas _________ conducts nerve impulses away from the body.
Answer:
The structure of a Neuron: Soma/cell body contains nucleus and organelles; dendrites receives nerve impulses and conducts it towards cell body whereas axon conducts nerve impulses away from the body.
Explanation:
A neuron is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system. A neuron has three main structural components namely, soma, one axon, and many dendrites.
Soma is the metabolic center of the neuron and does not participate in conduction of nerve impulse. Many small extensions arise from the soma and are called dendrites. The function of dendrites is to carry the nerve impulse from axon terminals of the presynaptic neuron towards soma.
One large extension of soma is axon that carries the nerve impulse from soma to the axon terminals.
Mrs. Jones blood typing results showed agglutination with the plasma containing anti - B antibodies only. What is her blood type and what blood can she receive in order to save her life?
Answer:
Mrs Jones Blood type= B type.
Safe transfusion from: B and O blood type.
Explanation:
In the given example, the anti-B antibodies are present in the donor plasma. Since anti-B antibodies react with B antigen present on the RBCs of blood, Mrs. Jones should have B antigen on the surface of her RBCs. The blood type with only B-antigen on the RBC's surface is blood type "B".
Hence, her blood type is "B" type which has B antigens that react with anti B antibodies of the donor plasma causing agglutination and hemolysis of RBCs.
She can get the blood of B and O blood types. Blood type O is a universal blood type as it does not have B or A antigens on the surface of its RBCs to initiate the agglutination.
Which muscle is deeper in the body: the internal oblique muscle or the transverse abdominal muscle?
Answer:
Transverse abdominal muscle
Explanation:
Both internal oblique muscle and transverse abdominal muscles are muscles of abdominal wall and are present in pairs. The fascicles of the internal oblique muscle extend towards those of external oblique muscles. Therefore, the internal oblique muscle is closer to skin.
Transverse abdominal muscle is deep muscle of abdominal wall. Its fascicles are arranged around the abdominal wall. This makes it deeper than internal oblique muscle.
Your skin has multiple layers of epithelial cells. The apical cells (closest to the surface, "top") are "flat" and the basal cells (farther from surface bottom") are "as tall as they are wide". Another way to describe this epithelium would be to state:
a. Simple columnar epithelium
b. Simple cuboidal epithelium
c. Simple squamous epithelium
d. Stratified columnar epithelium
e. Stratified cuboidal epithelium
f. Stratified squamous epithelium
g. Simple transitional epithelium
Answer:
c. Simple squamous epithelium ?
Explanation:
The apical cells are "as tall as they are wide". Another way to describe this epithelium would be to state simple squamous epithelium. Thus, option C is correct.
What is epithelium tissue?
The epithelium tissue has been defined as the form of the tissue present in the body and it plays a vital role in the covering of all internal as well as external surface of body, which includes hollow organs and lines body cavity. The structure of the epithelial cells are said to be combined together by tight junctions as well as adhering junction and attached to extra cellular matrix.
Tissue is the combined structure of cell and later tissue combined together to form organ and than organ system is formed to perform various functions of the body. The structure of epithelial cells are they combined together by tight junctions as well as adhering junction and attached to extra cellular matrix.
Therefore, The apical cells are "as tall as they are wide". Another way to describe this epithelium would be to state simple squamous epithelium. Thus, option C is correct.
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Why are infections more common with compound fractures than with simple fractures?
Answer: Compound fractures = open fractures
Explanation: This means that the area is more suseptable to infection. Because it is open, there is more room for an infection to burrow in and spread.
48) Capillaries lack smooth muscle and elastic or fibrous tissue reinforcement. Instead, theirwalls consist of ________, supported on a cellular matrix called ________
There’s no fill in words ?
Capillaries are formed from a single layer of endothelial cells, supported by a basement membrane. This structure allows them to be flexible, yet strong, and permeable to materials passing through them.
Explanation:Capillaries, unlike other types of blood vessels, lack smooth muscle and elastic or fibrous tissue reinforcement. Instead, their walls are composed of endothelial cells, which are supported on a cellular matrix known as the basement membrane or basal lamina.
In a large capillary, several endothelial cells may line the lumen, while in a small capillary there may be only a single cell layer that wraps around to contact itself. The basement membrane, which binds the endothelium to the connective tissue, provides strength while maintaining flexibility. It is permeable, allowing materials to pass through it.
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Muscle that is involuntary and branches is
a. cardiac
b. skeletal
c. smooth
d. visceral
Answer:
Cardiac muscle.
Explanation:
Cardiac muscle is also known as heart muscle. These muscles regulate the proper working and functioning of the heart.
Cardiac muscles are involuntary muscles and show striations under the microscope. These muscles are uninucleate and connected by the intercalated disc. Cardiac muscles are branched so that each cardiac cells may attach with atleast with or four other cardiac cells.
Thus, the correct answer is option (A).
A decrease in ones perception of a stimulus whose intensity has not changed due to higher neural inhibition is
a. habituation.
b. convergence.
c. divergence.
d. Adaptation
e. Illusion
Answer:
Habituation.
Explanation:
Habituation may be defined as a form of simple learning in which the innate response of an individual perception decreases after repeated stimulation. Some components of organisms are involved in the habituation learning.
The individual response towards a particular stimulus decreases if the same stimuli is repeated over again and again or the stimulus of same intensity. Neural inhibition maintains the stimulus intensity.
Thus, the correct answer is option (a).
If a transgene is inserted into an animal embryo
only the non-reproductive cells should contain the transgene DNA.
the animal should become sterile as an adult.
every cell should contain the transgene DNA.
the transgene protein will be expressed in all cells.
only the sperm and egg cells should contain the transgene DNA.
Answer:
Every cell should contain the transgene DNA.
Explanation:
The embryo is the very early stages of growth and development of an organism. An embryo develops from a zygote and contains about 16 cells. Inserting transgenes in these cells, therefore, will ensure that all the cells that divide from the embryo by mitosis have the transgene. The whole organism will, therefore, bear the transgene including its gametes. This foreign gene will, therefore, be inherited by the offspring of the organism.
Where does spongy bone occur in the skeleton?
spongy bone is found in the bones of the skull, sternum, vertebrae, the pelvis, the lining of the marrow cavity and the epiphysis.
Which of the following terms is/are associated with the body’s capacity to produce ATP aerobically
a. maximal oxygen uptake
b. aerobic capacity
c. oxygen consumption
d. all of the above
The build-up of ketone bodies is a result of?
A) Acetoacetic acid being broken down to acid phosphatase
B) The inability of the body to properly break down glucose in the liver
C) The inability of the body to break down fatty acid in the heart
D) A liberation of co A part of the acetyl group which cannot diffuse out of cells and the conversion of acetoacetic acid into beta hydroxybutyric acid
Answer:
they are produced by the liver, the body makes Ketone bodies when there is not enough insulin in the blood and break down fat instead of sugar for energy - acetone is a toxic acidic chemical
True or False. A foramen is a space or gap between two or more bones.
Answer: I wouldn't say BETWEEN bone
Explanation:
it is a opening or passage especially in a bone.
In the alveoli, you would expect to find the alveolar:
a. PO2 greater than the capillary PO2 before exchange.
b. PCO2 greater than the capillary PCO2 before exchange.
c. PO2 greater than the alveolar blood after exchange.
d. All of the above.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Before exchange, it is expected that the capillaries (that have deoxygenated blood) will have more carbon dioxide while the lungs will have more oxygen. This allows for oxygen to diffuse into the capillaries while carbon dioxide diffused into the lungs during the exchange.
Which of the following would be true according to Bergmann’s and Allen’s rules?
a. The Berbers of Morocco have long limbs to absorb heat.
b. The Inuit in Greenland are tall and long-limbed.
c. The Yupik of Alaska have short, squat bodies to retain heat.
d. The Igbo of Nigeria have short, squat bodies to dissipate heat.
Answer:
c. The Yupik of Alaska have short, squat bodies to reatin heat
Explanation:
Acoording to Bergmann's and Allen's rules, the appearance of the humans directly depends on the environment in which they live. The main reason for this rules are that the humans have to develop certain advantageous traits in order to be able to survive in certain type of environment. The Yupik people of Alaska are a nice example of this. The climate in Alaska is very cold. There's lot of snow and long winters with freezing temperatures. The winds are also strong and cold. This has resulted in the Yupik people developing shorter bodies. They also became stockier, with wider chest, larger lung capacity, and also preserving fat below the eyes. These adaptations have been result of the environment, as the type of body they have helps in preserving the heat. The fat below the eyes helps prevent damage to the eyes from the cold, and the larger lung capacity helps them in breathing in colder air.
A muscle of mastication
a. Masseter
b.Temporalis
Answer:
A.Masseter
Explanation:
allow me to explain,Those are the four muscles of mastication. You've got the temporalis, the masseter (which is this muscle here) and you've got the medial and lateral pterygoid muscles. The medial pterygoid muscles are involved in elevation and side to side movements of the mandible.
An organism that can manufacture its own food from inorganic substances. Select one: a. denitrifying bacteria b. herbivore c. omnivore d. producer e. trophic level f. community g. ectoparasite h. limiting factor i. secondary consumer j. nitrogen cycle k. biomass l. habitat m. carbon cycle n. interspecific competition o. nitrogen-fixing bacteria p. intraspecific competition
Answer: d. producer
Explanation:
The producers are the organisms that are capable of producing their own food by utilizing inorganic substances. For example autotrophs. The autotrophs are the organisms which conduct the process of photosynthesis so as to produce their own food in the form of carbohydrates which is an organic substance by utilizing inorganic reactants such as carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight.
Answer:
d. producer
Explanation:
A producer is an organism that can manufacture its own food from inorganic substances.