Final answer:
The expected partial pressure oxygen levels in order from highest to lowest are: Alveoli of lungs, Pulmonary capillaries, Systemic capillaries, Cells of systemic tissues, Atmospheric air.
Explanation:
In terms of expected partial pressure oxygen levels, the order from highest to lowest would be:
Alveoli of lungs - Partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli is about 104 mm Hg.Pulmonary capillaries - Partial pressure of oxygen in the blood of the capillary is about 40 mm Hg.Systemic capillaries - Partial pressure of oxygen in the systemic tissues is about 40 mm Hg.Cells of systemic tissues - Partial pressure of oxygen in the tissue cells is about 40 mm Hg.Atmospheric air - Partial pressure of oxygen in the atmospheric air is about 21% (not given in mm Hg).Scientists are using genetic engineering to develop a wheat crop that is resistant to a particular kind of moth. How would they determine if the plants are moth-resistant?
Answer:
Moth populations should be monitored in both, normal wheat and engineered wheat
Explanation:
Genetically engineered wheat crop means that the genome of the wheat is being manipulated by the techniques of biotechnology. Gene for the resistance to moths is introduced into wheat in order for plant to become protected. Determination of resistance should be performed via monitoring of control group (normal wheat, not resistance to moth) and engineered wheat (potentially resistant) and their comparation. Moth population should be decreased in the resistance plants.
Answer and Explanation: The best way to determine whether the plants are moth resistant is to conduct a controlled experiment testing their resistance to the moths.
Regarding experimental design, the independent variable (variable being manipulated by the scientists to determine whether it has an effect) would be the genome of the wheat crop. Therefore, the scientists should have a control group that is made up of wheat that has not been genetically modified and an experimental group made up of wheat that has been genetically modified to be moth-resistant.
The dependent variable (variable that is being collected and measured) should be something that can document the health and growth of the plant, such as average plant height or average crop yield. The two groups of wheat should be grown in separate locations that have the same environment and both groups should be exposed to equal moth populations. All other environmental conditions should be the same in order to ensure that there are no confounding variables.
After a finite amount of time has passed, the scientists should conduct a variety of measurements on the growth, height, yield, and other aspects of the two wheat groups. After comparing the two groups, the scientists can then determine whether the moth-resistant genome of the experimental group was actually effective in making that group moth-resistant.
Which of the following best describes the way that genes, chromosomes, and DNA are related?a.Chromosomes contain several genes, which are made up of sequences of DNA.b.Genes contain several chromosomes, which are made up of sequences of DNA.c.Genes contain several sequences of DNA, which are made up of chromosomes.d.Sequences of DNA contain several genes, which are made up of chromosomes.
Answer:
a. Chromosomes contain several genes, which are made up of sequences of DNA.
Explanation:
Genes are located in chromosomes. A chromosome can hold hundreds to thousands of genes. Each gene is made up of a specific sequence of DNA which determines its trait. Genes are inherited from our parents. They also determine how we look and how we function internally.
The empirical method of study is based on ________.
Answer:
observation or experience
Explanation:
Empirical method is a study that uses indirect or direct observations in order to gain some knowledge. It uses empirical evidences-information that are collected through observation or experience.
Theory that is tested by empirical method involves the use of objective, that is observed, highly controlled and replicable.
The empirical method is a systematic way of acquiring knowledge based on observation, including experimentation. This method is grounded in objective, tangible evidence that can be observed time and again. It includes steps like observation, formulation of a hypothesis, testing, and confirming or falsifying this hypothesis.
Explanation:The empirical method of study is based on objective and measurable observation, including experimentation. This scientific method is grounded in tangible evidence that can be observed and tested, regardless of who is conducting the observation. It is a way of gaining knowledge based on an empirical approach, involving a series of steps, including observing a phenomena, formulating a hypothesis, testing it, and confirming or falsifying the hypothesis.
For instance, in empirical political science, the number of votes a candidate receives is an empirical matter as votes can be counted. This showcases that empirical methods are based on facts that can be accounted for, measured, and verified to be true.
The scientific method involves developing and testing theories about matter, energy, or social world, based on empirical evidence. Consider psychological science, it's empirical, based on measurable data, not on hypothesis that can't be measured, like 'a bird sings because it's happy'.
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A red flowered pea crossed with a white flowered pea produces all red flowered offspring. If two of the F1 pea plants were crossed, their offspring would most likely be ...................... A) 3 red : 1 white B) 2 red : 2 white C) 3 white : 1 red D) All white E) All red
Answer:2 red
Explanation:
Your undergraduate colleague accidentally mislabels tissue samples taken from different parts of a rat. In order to correct his mistake, you make slides from each sample and stain all tissue red and all nuclei blue. Upon analyzing one slide under a compound light microscope, you see many small reddish pink dots but no blue. This slide must be a sample of tissue from the rat's ___________. Select one: a. lungs b. thymus c. liver d. blood e. striated muscle
Answer:
The answer is blood
The body is organized in a particular manner and order. The cells identical in configuration and operation bind together to form a tissue. Different layers of comparable cells form tissue of the body which have a specific function in an organ.
The correct answer is:
Option D. blood.
This can be explained as:
The cells of the lungs, thymus, liver and striated muscles all have a nucleus that is why when stained will show a blue colour for the presence of nuclei.The cells of blood or the red blood cells are the sole eukaryotic cells that do not contain nuclei in their developed form.The blood cells expel the nuclei and other organelles from within so that it can transport more oxygen and haemoglobin.Therefore, the slide in the experiment is of a blood sample.
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Albinism is a recessive trait in humans that is controlled by a single gene. how many recessive alleles must a person have to have albinism?
a. 2
b. 3
c. 1
d. 0
Answer: a. 2
If there is a dominant allele, it will overpower the recessive allele for albinism; therefore, a person must have 2 recessive alleles to have this recessive trait
Which of the following processes can result in a new island population with a limited gene pool?A. artificial selectionB. gene poolC. founder effectD. bottleneck effect
The answer is C founder effect.
1) Which theory states that all living things are composed of cells?A) cell theoryB) Hooke's ruleC) evolutionary theoryD) Mendel's law
Answer:
A) cell theory
Explanation:
Cell theory is widely accepted theory that exclaims that all living things are composed of basic units-cells. Living organisms might be composed of one cell-unicellular organisms or more than one-multicellular organisms.
There is only one exception-viruses. Viruses are non-cellular entities but they are considered as living forms.
Robert Hooke is responsible for the creation of this theory.
Which of the following is defined as a gene that controls the appearance of a certain trait?
A) dominant
B) recombinant
C) recessive
D) mutated
Answer:
A. Dominant
Explanation:
A dominant gene or allele is what determins the physical expression of a trait. A dominant allele masks recessive traits, which is why that even if it is combined with a recessive allele, the dominant trait is what is shown. For a recessive trait to appear, the organism should not have a dominant allele with it.
A gene that controls the appearance of a certain trait is known as a dominant gene. Dominant genes, when present, take precedence over all other types of genes (such as recessive, recombinant, and mutated ones) and cause the trait they control to be expressed.
Explanation:In the context of genetics, the term that defines a gene which controls the appearance of a certain trait is A) dominant. Dominant genes are those that take precedence over other genes for the same trait, which are known as recessive genes. If an organism inherits a dominant gene for a certain trait from one of its parents, that trait will be expressed, regardless of the gene inherited from the other parent. For example, if the dominant gene codes for dark hair and the recessive gene codes for blond hair, the organism will have dark hair even if it carries the recessive gene. On the other hand, recessive, recombinant, and mutated types of genes do not match your question's context. A recessive gene causes the trait it controls to appear only if no dominant genes are present, recombinant genes arise from the recombination of DNA segments during reproduction, and mutated genes are altered versions of their original form.
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If you were trying to increase the metabolism of a recipient cell, what type of hormone would best help you achieve this?
Answer:
thyroxine- This hormone can increase the basal metabolic rate
triiodothyronine- It affects almost every physiological process in the body, including growth and development, metabolism, body temperature, and heart rate.
Explanation:
Which tenet of Darwin's theory of natural selection is best exemplified by the data in the graph?
The height of sorghum plants varies due to mutations.
Sorghum plants with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.
All the sorghum plants in the region compete for sunlight.
Sorghum plants can produce more offspring than can survive.
Yea, I agree too, Sorghum plants can produce more offspring than can survive.
Which of the following statements is consistent with the principle of competitive exclusion?
A) Bird species generally do not compete for nesting sites.
B) The random distribution of one competing species will have a positive impact on the population growth of the other competing species.
C) Two species with the same fundamental niche will exclude other competing species.
D) Even a slight reproductive advantage will eventually lead to the elimination of the less well adapted of two competing species.
E) Natural selection tends to increase competition between related species.
Answer:
D) Even a slight reproductive advantage will eventually lead to the elimination of the less well adapted of two competing species.
Explanation:
The competitive exclusion describes relationship between two species that compete for the limiting sources, and cannot coexist. It is enough for one species to have slightly advantage to be dominant over the other. As a consequence, other species (the weaker one) will be extincted (shift to a different ecological niche).
THIS IS WORTH 30 POINTS!
What conclusion can be drawn from embryological development?
A. The presence of gill slits and tails in early vertebrate embryosshows that they may share a common ancestor.
B. Many organisms have structures with no apparent function found during embryo development.
C. Insect and bird wings are similar in function but not in structure.
D. Paleontologists have used fossils to trace the evolution of the modern camel.
your anwer is c) The two types of wings share a common function (and therefore are both called ... the bird wing and insect wing did not arise from an original ancestral structure ... When the gill slits became supported by cartilaginous elements, the first set of
Denaturation of dna is a necessary step in southern blotting procedure because it separates double stranded dna into single stranded dna. True or false?
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Denaturation of DNA is a process in which DNA loses its structure (secondary, tertiary, quaternary). It is usually achieved via the use of high temperature, strong acid or base, concentrated salt etc. The denaturation of the double-stranded DNA is used in Southern blotting procedure so that single strands can bind to the membrane and become ready for hybridization.
How is the outgroup determined in a cladogram?
Answer:
It is usually the first branch of the cladogram
Explanation:
Since outgroup is group of organisms that do not share characteristic with other groups (or share it a little), this means that this group is at least related group with other in cladogram.
Cladistic classification is classification in which organisms are put in group based on their shared characteristics and the most recent common ancestor. So, organisms of the same group are are closely related. Cladistic analysis are methods for the estimation of relationships among organisms and it includes the use of data on the traits of those organisms. The result of cladistic analysis is a diagram-tree which is called cladogram. Cladogram represents relations among organisms.
A closed loop allowing movement of electrical charge:
A. produces an excess accumulation of charge.
B. is called a circuit.
C. must have only one branch.
D. does not permit transfer of energy.
Explanation: A closed loop allowing movement of electrical charge is called a circuit.
Answer:
B
An organism that must get its energy from consuming other organisms is called __________
An organism that must get its energy from consuming other organisms is called a "heterotroph."
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
In the Hardy Weinberg formula, what algebraic term is used to find the number of HETEROZYGOUS individuals in a population?
The algebraic term in the Hardy-Weinberg formula used to find the number of heterozygous individuals is 2pq, representing the frequency of the heterozygous genotype in a population.
In the context of the Hardy-Weinberg formula (p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1), the algebraic term used to find the number of heterozygous individuals in a population is 2pq.
This term represents the frequency of the heterozygous genotype in a population. If p is the frequency of the dominant allele and q is the frequency of the recessive allele, and these allele frequencies sum to 1 (p+q=1), then 2pq quantifies the expected proportion of individuals carrying one copy of each allele, known as heterozygotes.
For example, if p = 0.4 and q = 0.6, then the expected frequency of heterozygous individuals would be calculated as 2pq, which equals 2(0.4)(0.6) = 0.48 or 48% of the population.
____ hormones produce detrimental and undesirable side effects (even more so in women) such as hypertension, fluid retention, decreased breast size, and a deepening of the voice.
Answer:
Corticoid harmones.
Explanation :
Corticoid harmones are
Cortisol
Aldesteron
Sex Corticoid
Answer:
Human growth hormone.
Explanation:
Human growth hormone is released by anterior pituitary gland. This hormone regulates body composition, fat metabolism, growth and development of an organism.
Deficiency or excessive production of human growth hormone can cause undesirable and detrimental side effects in both men and women. The unbalance amount of human growth hormone can cause fluid retention, deepening of voice, decreased breast size, hyper tension and heart related problems.
Thus, the hormone is human growth hormone.
Small sections of a dna molecule that determine genetic traits are called
Those small sections are called Genes
what are the products of photosynthesis ?
Answer:
The main product of photosynthesis is glucose
Hope that helped and also I will change my profile to have something different than the sonic movie because ugh it's weird
There are several small products of photosynthesis but the main product is glucose
another main product is oxygen as well
((sorry for copying stuff before))
Some photosynthetic organisms contain chloroplasts that lack photosystem II, yet are able to survive. The best way to detect the lack of photosystem II in these organisms would be Some photosynthetic organisms contain chloroplasts that lack photosystem II, yet are able to survive. The best way to detect the lack of photosystem II in these organisms would be to test for liberation of O2 in the light. to determine if they have thylakoids in the chloroplasts. to test for CO2 fixation in the dark. to the action spectrum for photosynthesis.
Answer:
to test for liberation of O2 in the light
Explanation:
Photosystem II is protein complex located in the thylakoid membrane of plants with the major role in light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. Photons of sunlight are absorbed by photosystem II and electrons within the system consequently become excited (pass through the cofactors). Electrons are replaced by water and hydrogen ions and molecular oxygen are formed.
Photosystem II plays a role in photosynthesis by splitting water and releasing oxygen. Therefore, to detect the absence of it in photosynthetic organisms, you would test for the absence of oxygen. However, even without photosystem II, some organisms can photosynthesize using alternative systems.
Explanation:Photosystem II is a part of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis and is primarily responsible for the splitting of water, releasing oxygen as a byproduct. Thus, the best way to detect the absence of photosystem II in a photosynthetic organism would be to test for the liberation or absence of oxygen (O2) in the light. If no oxygen is being released, it's likely that photosystem II is absent.
However, this doesn't necessarily mean that these organisms cannot survive. Not all photosynthetic organisms have the standard photosystem II. Some photosynthetic organisms, like certain types of bacteria and green sulfur bacteria, use different photosystems or alternative pathways to photosynthesize. They ensure the absorption of light energy, and the subsequent photochemical reactions happen differently, with the ability to operate without the need for oxygen evolution.
In conclusion, despite lacking photosystem II, these organisms have evolved alternative techniques for performing photosynthesis. They use the absorption of sunlight by alternative photosynthetic pigments, the photochemical conversion of light energy into chemical energy, and fixation of carbon into organic compounds, to survive.
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Suppose that a genetic alteration resulted in the synthesis of cyclin-dependent kinases that no longer provided the "go" signal at the cellular checkpoint. predict the immediate outcome if this alters the normal cell life-cycle processes at the m checkpoint.
Answer:
The cyclin-dependent kinase will not signal for starting mitotic division.
Explanation:
The function of Cyclin-dependent kinase is to begin the mitotic division of cells. The distribution of equal chromosomes will be altered that would result in altered chromosome numbers in the progeny, or if the division is stopped then there would be reduction in the number of healthy cells as compared to damaged cells.
The phase of matter with atoms that are tightly packed and can only vibrate next to each other a Liquid b Plasma c Gas d Solid
The answer is D. solid
Mast cells play what key role in initiating an immune response?
Mast cell release histamine and heparins molecules that are significant in initiating/mediating the inflammatory response. This is why mast cells are highly granulated and are categorized as granulocytes. An example of such a response is when an allergen bind to the IgE of a mast cell inducing secondary communication mechanism inside the cell leading to release of the transmitters.
Final answer:
Mast cells initiate an immune response by releasing histamine and other inflammatory mediators. They have roles in both promoting and modulating inflammation, particularly in allergic reactions such as asthma and food allergies.
Explanation:
Mast cells play a crucial role in initiating an immune response by detecting injury to nearby cells and releasing histamine, which jump-starts the inflammatory response. These cells contain granules with a plethora of mediators such as eosinophil chemotactic factor, neutrophil chemotactic factor, platelet activating factor, and a range of cytokines including IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, and TNF-alpha. They are also involved in synthesizing leukotrienes and prostaglandins that enhance inflammation through mechanisms such as vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, and increased mucous production.
However, beyond being pro-inflammatory, mast cells also exhibit immunomodulatory effects in allergic inflammation. They are seen as troublesome due to their substantial role in IgE-dependent allergic hypersensitivity reactions, like allergic asthma and food allergies. Despite this, recent findings suggest that mast cells can also have suppressive effects that modulate allergic responses, showing their dual nature in the body's reaction to allergens and infections.
When blood collects between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater in the subdural space?
Subdural hematoma !!!
Organic molecules that perform many functions for living things and are made up of amino acid monomers are called
Answer:
The answer is proteins.
Organic molecules constructed from amino acid monomers that perform various functions for living organisms are known as proteins. These play a diverse range of roles in living systems, providing structure, regulation, or protection, and participating in transport and storage among other things.
Explanation:The organic molecules that function in many ways for living beings and are built from amino acid monomers are called proteins. Proteins are a significant type of organic molecules and play a versatile range of roles in living systems. Composed of amino acids arranged in a linear sequence, proteins may provide structure, regulation, contractility, or protection. They may also serve in transport, storage, or be part of membranes; or they can be toxins or enzymes.
Each cell in a living system may contain thousands of different proteins, each having a unique function. The structures of proteins, similar to their functionalities, vary widely. However, they all are polymers of amino acids.
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What part of a neuron carries signals toward the part of the cell that houses the nucleus?
Answer: The nodes of Ranvier
Explanation: The speed of impulse conduction along an axon are increased by this.
Answer: dendrite.
Explanation: The part of the neuron that carries impulses towards the cell body is dendrite.
1. the sac-like structures of the sac fungi that carry its spores asci 2. a fertile hypha that bears spores (in molds) saprophyte 3. organisms that lack flowers, leaves, or chlorophyll and derive nourishment from dead or living organic matter hyphae 4. to sprout and grow from a seed or spore; often from a stage of dormancy mycelium 5. thread-like filaments of the molds germinate 6. a mass of hyphae conidiophore 7. an organism that lives on decaying organic matter; e.g., mushrooms, molds, mildew, rusts, and smuts fungi 8. a sac-like structure that holds the spores sporangium
Answer: The correct matches of the given statements are given below:
1. ASCI: The sac-like structures of the sac fungi that carry its spores.Asci refers to a sac like structure that is often produce by the fungi that belong to the phyllum Ascomycota. There are usually great differences among asci in term of shapes, sizes and colours. Spores are usually formed in these sacs.
2. CONIDIOPHORE: A fertile hypha that bears spores (in molds).Conidiophore refers to fungal hypha that give rise to conidia. Conidia may be branched or unbranched. Their major function is to give rise to hypa that produce spores in fungi.
3. FUNGI: Organisms that lack flowers, leaves, or chlorophyll and derive nourishment from dead or living organic matter.Fungi are generally classified as saprophytes, this is because they feed on dead or living organic matter. They depend on other organisms for their nourishment because they lack chlorophyll, which they can use to produce their own food.
4. GERMINATE: To sprout and grow from a seed or spore; often from a stage of dormancy.A plant is said to germinate when new plants sprouts from a seed or from a dormant plant. Seeds and spores typically grow and develop into new plants via the process of germination. Germination time often differ from plants to plants.
5. HYPHAE: Thread-like filaments of the molds.A hypha refers to the long, branched filaments that is found in all fungi. They usually vary in structures and perform different functions in different species of fungi. Most fungi use hypha as their mean of vegetative reproduction.
6. MYCELIUM: A mass of hyphae.A network of hypha that grow together is referred to as mycelium. It is usually found on top of the soil. Mycellium usually grow out of the body of fungi and extend in all direction in a bid to search for water and nutrients for the fungi.
7. SAPROPHYTE: An organism that lives on decaying organic matter; e.g., mushrooms, molds, mildew, rusts, and smuts.Saprophytes refers to organisms that use decaying organic matter as their source of nourishment. Fungi are good examples of saprophytes. Saprophytes help in decomposing organic matters and making them available in the forms that plants can use, thus contributing to soil fertility.
8. SPORANGIUM: A sac-like structure that holds the spores.Sporangium is a sac like structure in which reproductive spores are manufactured and stored. Spores usually germinate and form new fungi when the conditions are favourable.
hope this helps! might need to zoom in a little.
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Why is it evolutionarily adaptive for flytraps to “eat” insects?
Answer:
because the flytraps evolved and adapted to eating insects in order to survive and its part of their niche to keep the insect population at a gradual rate