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Which will decrease the rate of a reaction?

a. changing the temperature from 90ºC to 40ºC
b. adjusting the concentration from 30 ng to 60 ng
c. placing the substance in a smaller container
d. grinding the substance into a powder

The formula we can use here is the Plancks equation:

E = h c / ʎ

where h is Plancks constant = 6.626 × 10-34 m2 kg / s, c is speed of light = 3 x 10^8 m/s and ʎ is wavelength = 656.1 x 10^-9 m

Therefore E is:

E = (6.626 × 10-34 m2 kg / s) * (3 x 10^8 m/s) / 656.1 x 10^-9 m

E = 3.03 x 10^-19 J

The energy of one photon of the red line of the hydrogen emission spectrum can be calculated using Planck's equation and it is approximately 3.03 x 10^-19 Joules.

The energy of a photon can be calculated using Planck's equation, E = hv, where 'E' is the energy, 'h' is Planck's constant (6.63 x 10^-34 J.s), and 'v' is the frequency. We can express frequency in terms of speed of light (c) and wavelength (λ) using the equation v = c/λ.

First, convert the wavelength from nm to meters: 656.1 nm = 656.1 x 10^-9 m. Then find the frequency, v = (3.00 x 10^8 m/s) / (656.1 x 10^-9 m) = 4.57 x 10^14 s^-1.

Next, substitute 'v' into Planck's equation to find the energy: E = (6.63 x 10^-34 J.s) x (4.57 x 10^14 s^-1) = 3.03 x 10^-19 J.

Therefore, the energy of one photon of the red line of the hydrogen emission spectrum is approximately 3.03 x 10^-19 Joules.

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Final answer:

Water has a density of 1.0 g/mL. Diethyl ether, being lighter due to weaker dispersion forces, has a commonly reported density of approximately 0.70 g/ml.

Explanation:

The density of a substance is a measure of its mass per unit volume. When referring to liquids and solids, density is commonly expressed in grams per milliliter (g/mL). Specifically, water has a density of 1.0 g/cm3, which is equivalent to 1.0 g/mL, as 1 cm3 is equal to 1 mL. The density of diethyl ether is not given in the reference, but it's known to be lighter than water. Since diethyl ether has relatively weak dispersion forces, which result in a low boiling point and, typically, a lower density compared to water, it's reasonable to assume that its density would be less than that of water. The density value commonly reported for diethyl ether is approximately 0.70 g/mL. This contrast in densities stems from the difference in intermolecular forces and the molecular structure of the substances.

a. A colloid is a homogeneous mixture that does not settle out upon standing.

A colloid is a homogeneous mixture where the particle size is intermediate between that of a true solution and a suspension. The particles in a colloid are small enough that they do not settle out upon standing but are large enough to scatter light, exhibiting the Tyndall effect. Examples include milk, fog, and gelatin.

A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture where the particles are large enough to eventually settle out upon standing. An example of a suspension is muddy water.

Solid refers to a state of matter and does not describe the nature of the mixture in terms of settling behavior.

Hydrated refers to a substance that includes water molecules within its structure, typically referring to a crystalline substance like a hydrated salt. It does not describe the mixture's behavior in terms of settling. The correct answer is a.

Complete Question:

A homogeneous mixture that does not settle out upon standing is

a. a colloid

b. a suspension

c. solid

d. hydrated

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Answer:

the hydrogen atoms in heavy water have a neutron in the nucleus, doubling the mass

Explanation:

trust me

The hydrogen in heavy water contains one neutron while the hydrogen in normal water does not have any neutrons. The hydrogen of heavy water is an isotope of hydrogen called deuterium.

Deuterium is one of two stable isotopes of hydrogen. The nucleus of a deuterium atom posseses one proton and one neutron. Deuterium has a natural abundance on the earth of about one atom in 6420 of hydrogen.

Deuterium has approximately 0.0156% of all the naturally occurring hydrogen in the ocean. The abundance of deuterium changes from one type of natural water to another.

Deuterium is the isotope of hydrogen, the mass number of deuterium is 2 while the mass number of hydrogen is 1.

Normal water has a molecular formula of H₂O in which hydrogen is ¹H₁ and the molecular formula of heavy water is D₂O in which D is deuterium has symbol  ²H₁ as it contains one proton and one neutron.

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The given biomolecules are lipids and they are insoluble in water.But they can be dissolved in non-polar ionic solutions.

Lipids are essential biomolecules for living organisms. Lipids are composed of long chain fatty acids and triglycerides. They have a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail. This hydrophobicity make them insoluble in water.

Lipids are significant for ion transportation, cell repair, cell membrane formation, ion balancing etc. The structure of lipids are clearly explained by the Fluid -Mosaic model.

Water is a universal solvent and it can dissolve all polar compounds by forming hydrogen bond with them or charge separation.  But, lipids are not soluble in polar compounds such as water and alcohols.

Thus, lipids are insoluble in water, alcohol as well as in oil, since they have a hydrophobic tail. Lipids shows some solubility in non-polar ionic solution.

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Hydrogen have three isotopes namely proton, deuteron and triton. The hyphen notation for these isotopes can be written as H-1, H-2 and H-3 with mass number 1, 2 and 3 respectively.

Isotopes are atoms of same atomic number and different mass numbers. Isotopes can be of one mass number difference or 2 to three. For example, carbon have three isotopes. C-12, C-13, C-14. The mass numbers are one unit higher from the previous one.

Many elements have isotopes, like for chlorine, bromine, nitrogen, fluorine etc with a natural stability. Hydrogen have three isotopes that are hydrogen -1 with one mass number 1 called proton.

Hydrogen-2 with mass number 2 called deuteron and hydrogen-3 with mass number 3 called triton.

They can be represented as flows:

[tex]^{1}H , \\^{2}H , \\^{3}H[/tex]

Here, the top number is mass number and the bottom number is one which is same for all hydrogen isotopes.

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Biochemical or organic sedimentary rocks are the class of sedimentary rocks that are deposited from a solution made by organic processes. They form from the accumulation of plant and animal debris.

The class of sedimentary rocks that are deposited from a solution made by organic processes is generally referred to as biochemical or organic sedimentary rocks. These form from the accumulation of plant and animal debris. For example, limestone often forms from the calcium carbonate shells of marine organisms.

Another example is coal, which forms from the remains of plants in swamp environments. Organic processes producing significant amounts of biological debris, result in specific types of sedimentary rocks.

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Answer:

In an atom, subshell is defined as the set of states in a given shell that have the same azimuthal quantum number (ℓ).  

For a d-subshell, the value of azimuthal quantum number (ℓ) is 3. Also, a d-subshell contains 5 atomic orbitals, namely [tex]d_{{z}^{2}},\, d_{xy},\, d_{yz},\, d_{xz},\, d_{{x}^{2}-{y}^{2}}[/tex], that can be occupied by 2 electrons each.

The filling of electrons in a subshell, such as the d-subshell, of a given shell is governed by the Hund's Rule of maximum multiplicity.

According to this rule, firstly all the 5 atomic orbitals of the d-subshell are singly filled and then the electrons are paired.

Since, a d-subshell can contain 10 electrons.

Therefore, firstly the 5 atomic orbitals are occupied with one electron each

[tex]d^{1}_{{z}^{2}},\, d^{1}_{xy},\, d^{1}_{yz},\, d^{1}_{xz},\, d^{1}_{{x}^{2}-{y}^{2}}[/tex]

Then the remaining five electrons, results in the pairing of electrons in each d-atomic orbital.

[tex]d^{2}_{{z}^{2}},\, d^{2}_{xy},\, d^{2}_{yz},\, d^{2}_{xz},\, d^{2}_{{x}^{2}-{y}^{2}}[/tex]

In the d sublevel, which has five orbitals, ten electrons are arranged according to the Aufbau principle, Hund's rule, and the Pauli exclusion principle. Electrons fill each orbital singly with the same spin before any orbitals are doubly occupied with opposite spins. The orbital filling diagram reflects this sequence visually.

To understand how ten electrons occupy the five d orbitals, we can refer to the Aufbau principle, Hund's rule, and the Pauli exclusion principle. According to these principles, electrons fill up orbitals starting from the lowest energy level moving to higher levels.

Each d sublevel can contain a maximum of 10 electrons since it has five orbitals, and each orbital can hold two electrons with opposite spins. Following Hund's rule, all five d orbitals will be singly occupied before any one of them gets a second electron. Additionally, all electrons in singly occupied orbitals will have the same spin, depicted by arrows pointing in the same direction.

An orbital filling diagram for a d sublevel with ten electrons would show the first five arrows (each representing an electron) pointing upwards (↑) to indicate one spin direction, and the next five arrows pointing downwards (↓) to indicate the opposite spin, each paired with one of the first five.

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Answer: Only the electrons in the outermost shell

Explanation:

An atom of bromine has a mass about four times greater than that of an atom of neon. There are more moles of neon in 1,000 g compared to bromine.

An atom of bromine has a mass about four times greater than that of an atom of neon. To compare the relative numbers of bromine and neon atoms in 1,000 g of each element, we need to calculate the number of moles of each element first.

To calculate the number of moles of an element, we divide the given mass by the molar mass of the element. The molar mass of bromine is about 79.90 g/mol, and the molar mass of neon is about 20.18 g/mol.

Therefore, in 1,000 g of bromine, there would be ≅ 1,000/79.90 = 12.52 moles of bromine. And in 1,000 g of neon, there would be ≅ 1,000/20.18 = 49.51 moles of neon. So, there are more moles of neon in 1,000 g compared to bromine.

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Biology, chemistry, anatomy, and nuclear physics are different branches within the field of science.

The words biology, chemistry, anatomy, and nuclear physics all belong to the field of science. They are different branches or subdisciplines within the broader category of science. Biology is the study of living organisms and their interactions with the environment. Chemistry focuses on the composition, structure, properties, and changes of substances. Anatomy is the study of the structure of organisms, especially the human body. Nuclear physics is a branch of physics that studies atomic nuclei and their interactions.

The answer I think it is

A. Radiation

Answer: The equilibrium will shifts to the left.

Explanation:

Any change in the equilibrium is studied on the basis of Le-Chatelier's principle.

This principle states that if there is any change in the variables of the reaction, the equilibrium will shift in the direction to minimize the effect.

[tex]CH_3COOH\rightleftharpoons CH_3COO^-+H^+[/tex]

Thus if [tex]CH_3COONa[/tex] is added it will dissociate to give [tex]CH_3COO^-[/tex] and [tex]Na^+[/tex]

[tex]CH_3COONa\rightarrow CH_3COO^-+Na^+[/tex]

Thus as the concentration of [tex]CH_3COO^-[/tex] increases, the equilibrium will shift in a direction where concentration of [tex]CH_3COO_-[/tex] decrease i.e. the dissociation of [tex]CH_3COOH[/tex] will be further depressed i.e the equilibrium will shift to the left.

Answer:

C

Explanation:

Answer:

Element 6 has the lowest ionization energy

Explanation:

The ionization energy increases across the period but decreases down the group of a periodic table.

Which implies that the elements with the lowest ionization energies would be in the bottom left-hand corner of the periodic table. The change in ionization energies is also increases going down the periodic table (by change within a group) than going across the periodic table (by change within a period). From the 3 elements above we could infer that element 6 has the lowest ionization energy.

Answer:

The answer is A. A homegeneous mixture

Explanation:

A chemical solution is the homogeneous mixture of one or more substances dissolved in another substance in greater proportion. A chemical solution is composed of solute and solvent. The solute is the substance that dissolves and the solvent that dissolves it.

The limiting reactant can be determined by comparing the molar amounts to the stoichiometric ratios. For the given situations, HCl is the limiting reactant in cases (a) and (b), while Zn is the limiting reactant in case (c). This means that the reaction will stop when these reactants are completely consumed.

To determine the limiting reactant in a chemical reaction, we need to compare the molar amounts of the reactants to the stoichiometric ratios given in the balanced chemical equation. For the reaction between Zinc and Hydrochloric Acid: Zn + 2HCl → H₂ + ZnCl₂.

Situation (a): 12 atoms of Zinc and 8 molecules of HCl

Situation (b): 3 moles of Zn and 4 moles of HCl

Situation (c): 40g of Zn and 56g of HCl