Prior to the invention of refrigeration, meat was often preserved by soaking it in brine (a solution of water with a high concentration of salt) to kill any microorganisms that might have tried to use the meat as their own food source. Which of the following BEST explains how a brine solution could be lethal to those microorganisms?

Answers

Answer 1
Water would move out of the cells of the microorganisms by osmosis and the cytoplasm would become dehydrated, keeping solutes from diffusing within the cells.
Answer 2

Water would move out of the cells of the microorganisms by osmosis and the cytoplasm would become dehydrated, killing the cells.


Related Questions

______ are a symbiosis between a photosynthetic organism and a fungus.

Answers

Lichens are a symbiosis between a photosynthetic organism and a fungus. It is a composite type of organism that results from a cyanobacteria or an algae living in the filaments of a fungi. They would come in different forms, sizes and colors. Lichens have properties much like a plant however they are not considered as plants. They can grow on almost all surfaces as long as the conditions needed are present. They can be found from sea level and even in high elevations. It was said that about 6 percent of the land surface of the Earth is covered by lichens. 


Which statement could be categorized only in the anaerobic section of the Venn diagram?
is performed by eukaryotes
has commercial uses
regenerates NADH
occurs in the mitochondria

Answers

The answer is B

has commercial uses

The right answer is has commercial uses

Five major groups of economically important ferries were found:

*Microbial cell or biomass as a product,

*Microbial Enzymes:

*Microbial metabolites:

*Combined products:

*Vital Transitions:

One of the requirements of the fermentation process is to provide a growth medium, since any microbe requires water supply, oxygen, an energy source, a source of carbon, a source of nitrogen, and micronutrients for growth.

A nurse is providing community education regarding risk factors for ovarian cancer. identify five (5) risk factors associated with the development of ovarian cancer. (review the med surg rm)

Answers

These are the risk factors associated with the development of ovarian cancer:
1. Over 40 years of age.
2. First pregnancy after 30 years of age.
3. Family history of cancer.
4.High fat diets
5. Endometriosis.
6. History of heavy bleeding.
All these factors increase the probability of having the disease.

There are several risk factors associated with the development of ovarian cancer including genetic predisposition, reproductive history, age, endometriosis, and hormone therapy. Understanding and mitigating these risks can help reduce the likelihood of developing ovarian cancer.

Identifying risk factors for ovarian cancer is central to understanding how to reduce the chances of developing this disease. Here are five significant risk factors:

Genetic Predisposition: A family history of ovarian cancer or inherited genetic mutations, such as BRCA1 or BRCA2, can significantly increase the risk.Reproductive History: Women who have never been pregnant or had full-term pregnancies after 35 may have an increased risk.Age: The risk of ovarian cancer increases as women get older, with most cases occurring in women after menopause.Endometriosis: Having this condition can elevate the risk of developing ovarian cancer.Hormone Therapy: Long-term use of hormone replacement therapy, particularly estrogen alone, has been linked to a higher risk of ovarian cancer.
Reducing exposure to these factors, when possible, may lower the risk of developing ovarian cancer. For example, genetic counseling and testing for those with a strong family history can inform potential preventive measures. Other recommendations for prevention include maintaining a healthy diet and weight, considering the risks of hormone therapy, and discussing possible prophylactic surgeries with a healthcare provider if there is a significant genetic risk.

Answer these 2 questions please

Answers

question 19 = all the molecules are different lengths ( last answer)


question 20 = crossing over

Which of these examples best illustrates the importance of biodiversity in biotechnology?

Answers

Although you have not provided the list of examples, I am writing some critical implications for biodiversity in biotechnology.
Biotechnology is used to conserve various significant species
It is essential for efficient utilization of resources by characterizing and identifying the species that are useful to mankind.
Biodiversity is critical to the availability of various types and varieties of crops 

Which part of the cell functions specifically to help in cell division?
A. Centrioles
B. Chloroplasts
C. Cilia
D. Central vacuole

Answers

Centrioles help create spindle fibers for cell division.

The answer is:
A. Centrioles 

Centrioles help create spindle fibers for cell division. So, the answer must be Centrioles.

What type of macromolecule can move polar substances across membranes via facilitated diffusion and/or active transport?

Answers

The type of macromolecule that can move polar substances across membranes via facilitated diffusion and/or active transport are the lipids. This group of macromolecule would belong to the family of organic substance which would include waxes, cholesterol, vegetable oils and fats. Facilitated diffusion is a process wherein there is a spontaneous transport of molecules across a membrane. It happens in almost all of the cells. Lipids would undergo this diffusion across a phospholipid bilayer by the carrier proteins. Since the bilayer contains lipids then only molecules that are soluble in lipid can pass the membrane. Most likely these are small polar uncharged molecules.

The ____________ urethra is a short segment that passes through a reproductive organ. it receives secretions from two ejaculatory ducts.

Answers

The answer is PROSTATIC urethra. It is the proximal portion of the urethra which begins from the urinary bladder and passes through prostate gland. The urethra is divided into a long and short segment called the penile urethra and prostatic urethra respectively. 

Prostatic Urtehra is the answer to this question.

According to selye (1956, 1976), the _____ phase of the general adaptation syndrome is responsible for the person making efforts to cope with the threat.

Answers

According to Selye (1956, 1976), the resistance  phase of the general adaptation syndrome is responsible for the person making efforts to cope with the threat.
There are three phases in the Hans Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS). The first one is the Alarm (organism becomes mobilized to meet the threat) . The second is Resistance, and the third is the Exhaustion (it occurs
if organism fails to overcome threat).

Muscle contraction that results in a change in joint angle is called

Answers

Muscle contraction that results in a change in joint angle is called concentric contraction.
This contraction occurs when enough force that can overcome the resistance applied is developed by the muscle where this force developed is larger than the force of the resistance applied.

If volume remains the same while the mass of a substance ________, the density of the substance will_______________.

Answers

I think the correct terms to fill in the blanks are increase and increase or it can also be decrease and decrease. If volume remains the same while the mass of a substance increase, the density of the substance will increase or the opposite would also be true. Density is the ratio of the mass of a substance and its volume. So, we can see that density and mass are directly related so that when one increases, the other would also increase or if one decreases, the other one would also decrease.

Where the highlighted vessel bifurcates there are structures that monitor co2 and o2 concentration in the blood. what are these structures called?

Answers

The structures that monitor CO2 and O2 concentration in the blood at the site of vessel bifurcation are called chemoreceptors.

Carotid Bodies:

These are small clusters of chemoreceptors located near the bifurcation of the common carotid artery, typically on both sides of the neck.

They are sensitive to changes in the levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH in the blood.

Aortic Bodies:

The aortic bodies are another set of chemoreceptors situated near the aortic arch, which is a major bifurcation point for blood vessels.

They are responsive to similar changes in blood chemistry, detecting alterations in oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH levels.

The chemoreceptors present in these areas continuously monitor the blood passing through these vessels. They are particularly sensitive to changes in arterial blood gases, including oxygen and carbon dioxide levels.

When there is a deviation from normal levels, these chemoreceptors send signals to the brain, primarily the medulla oblongata, to regulate breathing and maintain appropriate gas exchange in the lungs.

This regulatory mechanism helps to ensure that the body receives sufficient oxygen and removes excess carbon dioxide, crucial for maintaining acid-base balance and supporting overall physiological functions.

The chemoreceptors' ability to promptly respond to changes in blood chemistry contributes to the body's ability to adapt to various physiological conditions, such as exercise, altitude changes, or respiratory distress.

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Final answer:

The structures that monitor the concentration of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the blood are chemoreceptors. These are mostly found in the aortic and carotid bodies and communicate changes in the levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen ions (pH) to the cardiovascular and respiratory centers in the brain.

Explanation:

The structures that monitor carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O2) concentration in the blood at the site where the highlighted blood vessel bifurcates are called chemoreceptors. These can primarily be found in the aortic and carotid bodies, which are closely situated to the baroreceptors in the aortic and carotid sinuses. These chemoreceptors contribute to vascular homeostasis by monitoring levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen ions (pH). They communicate changes in these levels to the cardiovascular center and the respiratory centers located in the medulla oblongata of the brain. As per the Bohr effect, an increase in CO2 concentration or a decrease in pH or O2 concentration in the blood would stimulate these chemoreceptors to induce corrective measures, primarily through altering the respiration rate.

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give an example of a scientific question that could be investigated by and experiment

Answers

Do molecules move faster when they are hotter? This could be investigated by heating water and making cold water and dropping dye in. In hot water, it would move throughout faster, while cold water would go slow. Hope this helps! ;)

Although the brain's early development is in large part genetically directed, its structure is continually modified by environmental experiences and this modifiability is called

Answers

"Neuroplasticity", "brain plasticity", or (sometimes) simply "plasticity".
Final answer:

Neuroplasticity refers to the brain's ability to modify its structure in response to experiences and environmental interactions. Neural pathways develop and adapt, influencing behavior and cognitive development. This lifelong adaptation involves aspects of epigenetics, which are changes in gene expression due to environmental factors.

Explanation:

The modifiability of the brain's structure in response to environmental experiences is referred to as neuroplasticity. Barraged by experiences and environments, the brain undergoes a process of forming new synapses, cutting off unused ones, and making changes at cellular levels. The interactions between different neural pathways, changes can result in modifications to behaviors, understanding of the world, and cognitive development. The phenomenon of changes in gene expression due to environmental factors, or epigenetics, is another important point to highlight. These changes aren't just limited to early development, but continue throughout life as part of the brain's response to the environment.

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Changes in the density of the white matter in the corpus callosum may also underlie the advances seen in _____ during late childhood.

Answers

Final answer:

The changes in the density of the white matter in the corpus callosum during late childhood may underlie advances in cognitive skills.

Explanation:

The changes in the density of the white matter in the corpus callosum during late childhood may underlie advances in cognitive skills. The corpus callosum is a structure that connects the two hemispheres of the brain and is responsible for communication between them. As the density of white matter increases in the corpus callosum, there is improved connectivity between brain regions, allowing for more efficient neural communication and information processing.

While both systems maintain homeostasis, how does the nervous system differ from the endocrine system?

Answers

Nervous system is much more systematic because the impulses are passed as messages through the neurons. The process and the response are very rapid. Endocrine system, on the other hand, is wide range. The process is slow and the effect is long-lasting.

________ indicates kidney pathology because it is not found in urine normally. glucose sodium urea nitrogen

Answers

I think the correct answer would be the first option. Glucose indicates kidney pathology because it is not found in urine normally. Normal components of urine are urea, sodium, potassium, phosphate, sulfate, uric acid and traces of calcium, magnesium and bicarbonate. Glucose or sugar is not usually found in urine. So, when a test is done and sugar is present, this would mean there is something wrong. Base from studies, when the level of blood sugar rises above the normal level which happens when one has type 1 or 2 diabetes the kidney would tend to release the excess glucose from the blood to the urine.

when an automotive battery is fully charged the sulfuric acid and water mixture will have specific gravity of about?
A. 2.5 B. 1.0 C. 0.15 D. 1.3

Answers

Just took the test it is D. 1.3

The correct answer is (d) 1.3

Specific gravity can be defined as the ratio of the substance density which has to be compared to the density of a standard usually it is water. If the specific density of water is 1 and the specific density of sulfuric acid is 1.835 which means that sulfuric acid is 1.835 times heavier than water. The electrolyte of a storage battery is a mixture of sulfuric acid and water.The specific gravity of sulfuric storage battery changes with amount of electrical charge.

Hence, by mixing both water and sulfuric acid the specific gravity of automotive battery is kept 1.3 at 80°F.





Study the figure below and predict which of the following components would best indicate the overall biotic health of an aquatic ecosystem?


A.) Particulate amounts
B.) Sedimentation rates
C.) Species abundance
D.) Water quality

Answers

“Water quality” is the traditional physico-chemical indicator which indicates the overall quality of a given aquatic ecosystem.

The water quality indicator includes the temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, nutrients like phosphorus and nitrogen, and salinity of the aquatic ecosystem.

It also indicates the levels of toxicants like metals, herbicides, insecticides and other harmful chemicals.

The _____________ makes(s) up most of the VOLUME of an atom.


Answers

the electron cloud. most of atom is empty space.
The empty space makes up most of the volume of an atom. 

describe the four organelles in eukaryotes that are involved in making, organizing, and delivering proteins. describe the role of each organelle and the order of the sequence of this process

Answers

Final answer:

In a eukaryotic cell, the nucleus, ribosomes, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus work together in sequence to synthesize, fold, modify, and transport proteins to their required locations.

Explanation:

The eukaryotic cell utilizes various organelles to produce, organize, and deliver proteins. Four main organelles are involved in this process:

Nucleus - Contains genetic material (DNA) and operates as the control center for the cell, dictating which proteins need to be synthesized by transcribing DNA into messenger RNA (mRNA).

Ribosomes - Where protein synthesis begins as they translate the mRNA into a polypeptide chain, which will become a functional protein.

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) - As mRNA is translated by ribosomes on the RER's surface, the emerging protein is folded and undergoes initial modifications.

Golgi Apparatus - Receives proteins from the RER, processes them further through modifications, and then sorts and packages them into vesicles for transport to their final destinations.

These organelles coordinate in a specific sequence to ensure proteins are efficiently made and distributed where they are needed.

A normal systolic blood pressure for a 30-year-old is between:

Answers

the answer is 90 and 140 mm Hg.

?a warming climate can lead to worldwide sea level change. this is an example of a(n) ____________ change in that it can be measured all over the world.

Answers

The answer is:  "global" .
______________________________

Which of the following is an example of how a scientist might use a model?

Question 5 options:

Stopwatches measure the amount of time it takes for a swimmer to go one lap in the pool.


A saw is used to cut a board in half.


Marbles placed inside a hollow sphere are used to describe protons in a nucleus.


A telescope is used to see the moons orbiting Jupiter.

Answers

Answer: Marbles placed inside a hollow sphere are used to describe protons in a nucleus.

the marbles are not the protons nor is the hollow sphere the nucleus. Therefore, when the scientist does this, he is using a model. However the rest of the 3 options are the real things you use.

phytoplankton play an important role in which following biogeochemical cycles

Answers

the phosphorus cycle 

Hope it helps! :)

Answer:

phosphorus cycle

Mendel studies seven different traits in the garden pea. what genetic term is used to describe an observable trait, such as those studied by mendel?

Answers

The genetic term used to describe an observable trait is phenotype. More specifically phenotype is the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.

An all-or-none response pattern is characteristic of the

Answers


initiation of neural impulses

A. What was the average number of tropical storms per season for the time period 2005-2014? B. What was the average number of hurricanes per season for the time period 2005-2014?

Answers

The correct answer is : The average number of tropical storms per season for the time period 2005-2014 was 19 and the average number of hurricanes per season for same period was 9 and major was 4.

What is called tropical storms?

If the circulation continues to intensify and the wind speeds exceed 63 km (39 miles) per hour, then the system is called a tropical stormOnce the maximum wind speed exceeds 119 km (74 miles) per hour, the storm is classified as a tropical cyclone.

What is called hurricanes ?

Tropical cyclones with maximum sustained surface winds of less than 39 miles per hour (mph) are called tropical depressions. Those with maximum sustained winds of 39 mph or higher are called tropical storms. When a storm's maximum sustained winds reach 74 mph, it is called a hurricane.

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Final answer:

To find the average number of tropical storms and hurricanes per season from 2005-2014, sum up the total number of events over the 10 years and divide by 10. The specific averages depend on real data from meteorological records.

Explanation:

To answer the question regarding the average number of tropical storms and hurricanes per season from 2005-2014, we would first need data specifying the total numbers of tropical storms and hurricanes for each year within that timeframe. Since specific data is not provided within the question, I’ll guide you through the general approach to calculating averages.

Firstly, you would sum up the total number of tropical storms (or hurricanes) that occurred over the 10-year period. Then, divide that sum by the number of years (10 in this case) to find the average per year. The formula for the average (‘A’) would look like this: A = Total Number of Events / Number of Years.

For example, if there were 150 tropical storms in total from 2005 to 2014, the average number of tropical storms per season would be calculated as follows: 150 (total tropical storms) / 10 (years) = 15. Thus, the average would be 15 tropical storms per season. Apply the same method to calculate the average number of hurricanes per season.

Note that the actual average would depend on the specific totals for each year, so you would need to consult meteorological records to obtain the precise numbers for tropical storms and hurricanes during 2005-2014.

What is being signaled when you hear 5 short blasts from another vessel’s horn?

Answers

Five short blast from another vessel's horn signify DANGER OR DOUBT. When two vessel are about to pass each other by, they have to communicate each other intentions in order to avoid collision. If one of the party does not understand the message that is been relayed or feel that the other party is not taking enough caution to avoid collision, then he should sound the five short blasts to signify that he does not understand what the other party is trying to do. 

The study of how genes are transferred from the parents to their children is known as

Answers

The answer is Genetics
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