Stockholders' equity is generally classified into two major categories:
a. contributed capital and appropriated capital.
b. appropriated capital and retained earnings.
c. retained earnings and unappropriated capital.
d. earned capital and contributed capital.

Answer:

Option C) and Option d)

Explanation:

Please see attachment

Answer:

The total interest expense on the bond

= 10% x $116,000

=$11,600        

Semi-annual interest expense

= $11,600/2

= $5,800

None of the options is correct.                                                  

Explanation:

In this case, there is need to calculate the total annual interest expense on the bond, which is 10% of the face value. Then, the total annual interest expense will be divided by 2 since the bond pays semi-annual interest.

Answer:

The bank reconciliation statement is as shown below:

                                                Amount in $

Balance per bank statement     33,650.00  

Deposit in transit                               9,150.00  

Outstanding check                    (17,865.00)

Bank charges                                   80.00  

Note collected                             (6,095.00)

Returned check                                (540.00)

Check drawn                               (630.00)

Book balance                             17,750.00

Explanation:

Deposit in transit has been recorded in the books, thus the addition to the bank balance. Bank charges have been deducted from the bank balance but not in the cash book hence it is added back. Note collected is yet to be recognized in the books hence the deduction from the bank balance.

Amount recorded from the check returned is more than the actual by $540 hence the deduction. The check drawn has been over charged by the bank to the tune of $630 hence the deduction.

The bank reconciliation process involves adjusting the book and bank balances by adding or deducting reconciling items to determine any discrepancies. After adjustments, the book balance should match the bank's balance, confirming the accuracy of the transactions.

To prepare a bank reconciliation for Stone Systems, we start with the balance as per the books and the balance as per the bank statement and make adjustments for any discrepancies.

Now, let’s adjust the bank balance:

After checking the discrepancies, the adjusted balance in the bank reconciliation prepared should match from both perspectives, confirming the correctness of both the bank and book entries.

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Answer:

the Sharon's marginal utility per dollar increases

Explanation:

We have given

In present scenario

Marginal utility derived = 12

And price per unit = $2

So marginal utility per $ [tex]=\frac{12}{2}=$6[/tex]

Now in revised scenario

Number of utility derived = 7

And And price per unit = $1

So marginal utility per $ [tex]=\frac{7}{1}=$7[/tex]

So the Sharon's marginal utility per dollar increases

Answer:

The correct answer is letter "C": "From the Sea" and later "Forward from the Sea".

Explanation:

The U.S. Navy published in 1992 "...From the Sea" where they stated their vision on the naval service for the 21st century. Later on, in 1994, the Navy reshaped their initial guidelines with "Forward ... From the Sea" keeping core values like operational primacy, leadership, teamwork, and pride to ensure national security.

d) Forward...From the Sea; The strategy that advanced the concept of combat operations in littoral waters for the Navy is Forward...From the Sea. This approach enhances power projection, adaptability, and capability in near-shore environments. It is crucial for addressing threats in congested and contested maritime regions.

Combat Operations in Littoral Waters:

The strategy that advanced the concept of combat operations in littoral waters for the Navy is Forward...From the Sea. This strategic concept was developed to enhance the Navy's ability to project power and conduct operations in coastal regions, maximizing the effectiveness of naval and Marine Corps forces in littoral, or near-shore, environments.

The Forward...From the Sea strategy emphasizes the importance of power projection from the sea, adaptability in volatile coastal regions, and the ability to conduct a wide range of military operations. This approach is crucial for addressing threats and maintaining security in littoral waters, which are often characterized by congested and contested maritime domains.

Examples of Littoral Warfare:

Complete Question:

Through which of the following strategies has the Navy adopted, which advanced the concept of combat operations in littoral waters?

a) Joint Vision 2020

b) Air-Sea Battle

c) From the Sea

d) Forward...From the Sea

Answer:

Objective function:

Maximize Z: 30P1 + 25P2 + 28P3

Subject to:   2.00P1 + 1.50P2 + 3.00P3 ≤ 450 (Department A constraint)

                    2.50P1  + 2.00P2 + P3       ≤ 350 (Department B constraint)

                    0.25P1  + 0.25P2 + 0.25P3 ≤ 50  (Department C constraint)

                           P1, P2, P3                       ≥  0 (Non-negativity)

Explanation:

The objective function is formulated from the contribution margin of the three products. For instance, the contribution of Product 1 is $30, the contribution of Product 2 is $25 and the contribution of Product 3 is $28. Thus, the objective function will be 30P1 + 25P2 + 28P3.

The constraints were obtained from the departmental labour hours requirements for each product. For instance, Product 1 requires 2 hours in department A, Product 2 requires 1.50 hours in department A and Product 3 requires 3 hours in Department A. Thus, the constraint will be 2.00P1 + 1.50P2 + 3.00P3.

Maximize total profit contribution by determining the optimal production quantities for three products (P1, P2, P3) subject to labor-hour constraints in departments A, B, and C, with profit contributions of $30, $25, and $28 per unit, respectively.

To formulate a linear programming model for maximizing total profit contribution, we need to define the decision variables, the objective function, and the constraints. Let [tex]\( P_1, P_2, \)[/tex] and [tex]\( P_3 \)[/tex] represent the units of products 1, 2, and 3 produced, respectively.

The objective function to maximize the total profit contribution is given by:

[tex]\[ Z = 30P_1 + 25P_2 + 28P_3 \][/tex]

Subject to the following constraints:

1. Labor-hour constraint for department A:

[tex]\[ 2P_1 + 1.5P_2 + 3P_3 \leq 450 \][/tex]

2. Labor-hour constraint for department B:

[tex]\[ 2.5P_1 + 2P_2 + 1P_3 \leq 350 \][/tex]

3. Labor-hour constraint for department C:

[tex]\[ 0.25P_1 + 0.25P_2 + 0.25P_3 \leq 50 \][/tex]

4. Non-negativity constraint:

[tex]\[ P_1, P_2, P_3 \geq 0 \][/tex]

The linear programming model can be summarized as follows:

Maximize:

[tex]\[ Z = 30P_1 + 25P_2 + 28P_3 \][/tex]

Subject to:

[tex]\[ 2P_1 + 1.5P_2 + 3P_3 \leq 450 \][/tex]

[tex]\[ 2.5P_1 + 2P_2 + 1P_3 \leq 350 \][/tex]

[tex]\[ 0.25P_1 + 0.25P_2 + 0.25P_3 \leq 50 \][/tex]

And the non-negativity constraint:

[tex]\[ P_1, P_2, P_3 \geq 0 \][/tex]

This model aims to maximize the total profit contribution considering the labor-hour constraints in each department. Linear programming techniques can be applied to find the optimal values of [tex]\( P_1, P_2, \)[/tex]and \[tex](\( P_3 \)[/tex] that maximize the total profit contribution.

Answer:

C) cluster analysis

Explanation:

Regression analysis. The regression analysis determines the relationship between the two variables. Thus, one of these quantities (X) is given in advance(dependent) and is not random. The second value (U) is the independent and random number. The randomness of the second quantity can be explained for two reasons. First: Measuring the random number U, which depends on the number X, is associated with certain errors; second: The value of U may depend on other uncontrollable factors, in addition to being dependent on the value of the corresponding X value. In this case, we need to talk about the distribution of the random variable U against each value of the X variable.  The main purpose of the regression analysis is to build a mathematical model that takes into account the factors affecting the physical process using experimental data and evaluating its accuracy.  The least squares method is used for statistical estimation of the mathematical model's suitability to experimental data.

Discriminant analysis is a method used in statistics, pattern recognition, and machine learning to find a linear combination of attributes that define or distinguish two or more classes or events. The resulting combination can be used as a linear classifier or more often to reduce the size before classifying.  LDA is closely related to variance analysis (ANOVA) and regression analysis, which try to express a dependent variable as a linear combination of other properties or dimensions. However, while variance analysis uses qualitative independent variables and a continuous dependent variable, discriminant analysis has continuous independent variables and a qualitative dependent variable.

Cluster analysis or clustering is a problem of grouping a number of objects. In this problem, objects must be in some way more similar to those in other groups to accommodate the same clusters (clusters). One of the main problems with data transmission is a common technique used in statistical data analysis. It is also used in machine learning, pattern recognition, image analysis, data retrieval, bioinformatics, data compression and computer graphics.

One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to calculate the significance of the difference between three and more independent means in a normally distributed series. ANOVA compares the arithmetic means of three or more groups alone; ANOVA result is also significant when at least one of these comparisons is significant. To measure the significance it will have the relation to the regression analysis that's why there will be dependent and independent variables as well.

Answer:

Cluster analysis does not require the use of dependent and independent variable.

The correct answer is C                                                                                                

Explanation:

Regression measures the relationship between two or more variables. It                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            examines the relationship between dependent and independent variable.  

Discriminant analysis is a technique used by researchers to measure the relationship between the dependent variable and one or more in dependent variables.

Cluster analysis is a technique that is used for exploratory research. It does not involve the use of dependent and independent variable.

Analysis of variance is used for measuring the influence that  independent variable has on the dependent variable in regression analysis.                                                                                                                          

Answer:

Letter A is correct. Public relations.

Explanation:

Public relations in an organization is characterized as a communication strategy between the organization and its potential audience in order to manage effective communication and build relationships that benefit the company and the consumer.

Public relations professionals focus their efforts on creating a positive reputation for the organization through paid or unpaid communication that can take place via newspapers, magazines, the internet, tv shows, social engagements, events, and the like. that is beneficial for the reputation of the company to be built in accordance with predetermined parameters required by stakeholders.

Answer:

Year   Cashflow    DF@7%      PV           DF@9%     PV

               $                                 $                                  $

  0        (923.60)           1           (923.60)          1         (923.60)

1-15         80             9.1079       728.63      8.0607     644.86

15          1,000          0.3624     362.40      0.2745     274.50

                                  NPV         167.43             NPV  (4.24)                    

Kd = LR     + NPV1/NPV1+NPV2    x (HR – LR)

Kd = 7       + 167.43/167.43 + 4.24 x (9 – 7)

Kd = 7       + 167.43/171.67 x 2

Kd = 8.95%    

The yield to maturity is approximately 8.95%

The correct answer  is  D

Explanation:

The yield to maturity of the bond is calculated by applying internal rate of return formula. The current market price of the bond is the cashflow for year 0. The coupon on the bond (R = 8% x $1,000) is the cashflow for year 1 to 15 and the cashflow for year 15 is the face value.

All cashflows are discounted at 7% and 9% discount rates. The net present values were obtained by deducting the present value in year 0 from the present value of year 1 to 15.

Finally, the yield to maturity is calculated by applying the interpolation formula stated above, where LR denotes the lower discount rate,                             HR represents the higher discount rate, NPV1 refers to the positive NPV and NPV2 refers to the negative NPV.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      

Answer:

The level of wages that maximize tge profit is $61.257

And the correspond value for the profit is:

[tex]p(61.257)=50(61.257)-0.5(61.257)^2 + .001(61.257)^3 + 200=1616.502[/tex]

Explanation:

For this case we have the following function:

[tex] p(x)= 50x -0.5x^2 +0.001x^3 +200[/tex]

Where x represent the daily wages paid [tex]0 \leq x \leq 500[/tex], and p(x) the profit, the objective is maximize this function, and in order to do this the first step is derivate the function respect to x and we got this:

[tex]\frac{dp}{dx}=50-x+0.003x^2[/tex]

As we can see we have a quadratic equation now we need to set up equal the derivate obtained to 0 and then solve for the critical points, like this:

[tex]\frac{dp}{dx}=0.003x^2 -x +50 =0[/tex]

We can use the quadratic formula given by:

[tex]x =\frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 -4ac}}{2a}[/tex]

And for this case a=0.003 , b=-1 , c =50

Replacing this we got :

[tex]x =\frac{-(-1) \pm \sqrt{(-1)^2 -4(0.003)(50)}}{2(0.003)}[/tex]

[tex] x = \frac{1 \pm \frac{\sqrt{10}}{5}}{0.006}[/tex]

And we got:

[tex] x_1 =61.257 , x_2= 272.076[/tex]

Now we need to find the second derivate, like this:

[tex] \frac{d^2p}{dx^2}=0.006x-1[/tex]

And we can replace the values obtained:

[tex]0.006(61.257)-1 =-0.632 <0[/tex]

So then 61.257 is a maximum.

[tex]0.006(272.076)-1 =0.632 >0[/tex]

So then 272.076 is a minimum.

So then the level of wages that maximize tge profit is $61.257

And the correspond value for the profit is:

[tex]p(61.257)=50(61.257)-0.5(61.257)^2 + .001(61.257)^3 + 200=1616.502[/tex]

Final answer:

The student should calculate the derivative of the profit function, set it to zero to find critical points, and identify which of these maximizes the profit under the given wage constraint.

Explanation:

The student is tasked with finding the level of daily wages that will maximize the company's profit, given the profit function Profit = 50x - 0.5x2 + 0.001x3 + 200, where x represents the daily wage between $0 to $500. To find the wage that maximizes profit, we need to calculate the derivative of the profit function with respect to x and set it to zero to find the critical points. Then we can examine these points within the context of the wage constraints to determine the optimal wage level.

Answer:

Explanation:

The journal entries are shown below:

On April 5

Inventory A/c Dr $23,000

     To Account payable A/c $23,000

(Being the inventory purchased is recorded)

On April 6

Inventory A/c Dr $900

   To Cash A/c $900

(Being the freight cost is paid)

On April 7

Equipment A/c Dr $26,000

    To Account payable A/c $26,000

(Being the equipment is purchased on credit)

On April 8

Account payable A/c Dr $3,000

  To Inventory A/c $3,000

(Being the returned inventory is recorded)

On April 15

Account payable A/c Dr $20,000   ($23,000 - $3,000)

    To Inventory A/c $400     ($20,000 × 2%)

    To Cash A/c $19,600

(Being the amount due is paid)

Answer:

Level of sales (dollars) to earn profit of $50,000

= Fixed cost + desired profit

 Contribution margin ratio

= $275,000 + $50,000

             0.5

= $650,000

Number of units to earn profit of $50,000

= Level of sales

  Selling price

= $650,000

       $200

= 3,250 units

The correct answer is A

Explanation:

First and foremost, the level of sales (dollars) to earn $50,000 profit is calculated, which is the ratio of fixed cost and desired profit to contribution margin ratio. Then, we will calculate the number of units to be sold in order to earn $50,000 profit by dividing the level of sales by selling price.

Final answer:

To generate a profit of $50,000 with a selling price of $200, a contribution margin ratio of 50%, and total fixed costs of $275,000, 3,250 units must be sold. This is calculated using the profit equation with the contribution margin per unit, which comes out to $100 per unit in this case.

Explanation:

To determine how many units need to be sold to generate a profit of $50,000 given a selling price per unit of $200, a contribution margin ratio of 50%, and total fixed costs of $275,000, we must first calculate the contribution margin per unit and then use the profit equation to find the required quantity of units. The contribution margin per unit can be found by multiplying the selling price per unit by the contribution margin ratio: $200 × 50% = $100 per unit.

The profit equation is given by: Profit = (Contribution margin per unit × Quantity of units sold) - Fixed costs. To achieve the desired profit of $50,000, we rearrange this equation to solve for the quantity of units sold: Quantity of units sold = (Profit + Fixed costs) / Contribution margin per unit. Plugging in the values, we get Quantity of units sold = ($50,000 + $275,000) / $100 = 3,250 units. Therefore, the correct answer is option (a) 3,250 units.

In China, a high-context culture, it's important to avoid quickly getting down to business, instead focusing on building relationships and trust.

When traveling to China from the United States to negotiate a commercial real estate deal, it is important to be aware of the cultural differences between high and low context cultures. In this scenario, the answer is C. quickly getting down to business. High-context cultures, like China, value relationships and trust-building, which often involve non-business related interactions and a slower approach to business dealings. Therefore, as a Starbucks executive, you should avoid the tendency of low-context cultures like the U.S., which is to quickly get down to business without adequate relationship-building. Other professional behaviors such as dressing in formal attire and shaking hands after negotiations could be appropriate depending on the specific circumstances and the preferences of the Chinese counterparts.

Answer:

a. True

Explanation:

Government uses contracts to hire people or companies to provide goods and services needed for different purposes and they establish all the terms under which contractors are hired and the obligations that they have to fulfill. The government requires in these contracts that the contractors meet certain quality standards to be able to get a good and/or service that is adequate to its needs. Also, the proposal contractors present need to include how they are going to provide the service and/or good and the standards that they will comply with so it could be determine by the Government if that is what is required and could be enforced in the future as it will be included in the contract. According to that, the statement is true.

The correct answer is; False, as of 2020.

Further Explanation:

In the previous tax years, 2017-2018, this statement would of been correct. Archie could of claimed his total deductible medical expenses that exceeded 7.5% of his AGI. However, the laws changed for 2019 and this is no longer the correct way to claim medical expenses.

For the 2019 taxes, a person can only deduct any expenses that amount to over 10% of the total AGI per person. The deduction can be figured by taking your AGI and multiplying this total by 10%. The deductions will also have to be itemized before claiming.

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Answer:

c. Internal benefits are less than external benefits

Explanation:

Lets first understand what  a positive externality is. Positive externality is the effects of an activity that has greater and/or additional benefits to the society as a whole as compared to the benefits enjoyed by the individual responsible for creating such a positive impact. One of the common examples of positive externality is getting education, when we get education that provides us benefits on a personal level but it also helps you reach to a position where you can educate others and/or the society in general. This means that educating yourself not only benefits you but also has a positive influence in the society.

Similarly, if you walk to work every day, this will make you more healthy and will reduce congestion in the city and benefit every body else as well.

Answer:

a.

Average cost per meal = Variable cost per meal + Fixed cost allocated to one meal sold = $4 + Total fixed cost/ Number of meals sold per day = $4 + 1,200/750 = $5.60.

b.

Price per one meal as per the leader of the Scout = 150/30 = $5

As the selling price is $0.60 lower than the average cost per meal ($5-$5.60), the owner has come up with the loss of $0.60 per meal served under the Scout leader's suggestion.

However, his calculation is not reasonable, because among the $5.60 cost per meal, there is a factor of allocated fixed cost equals to $1.6 per meal which will incurred regardless of the suggestion being accepted or not.

Given his restaurant does not run at full capacity, his profit per one meal from accepting the offer should be calculated as Price per one meal as per Scout leader offer - Variable cost per one meal = $5 - $4 = $1.  

Explanation:

Calculate current average cost per meal and analyze a new offer in a restaurant.

A. To determine the current average cost per meal, you need to calculate the total cost per day and divide it by the number of meals served.

Total Cost Per Day = Fixed Costs + (Variable Costs Per Meal x Number of Meals)
Total Cost Per Day = $1,200 + ($4 x 750) = $4,200
Average Cost Per Meal = Total Cost Per Day / Number of Meals = $4,200 / 750 = $5.60

B. If the owner were to accept the offer for 30 Girl Scouts for $150, the cost per meal would be $5. If the current cost per meal is $5.60 and the owner would lose $0.60 per meal, it's not advisable to accept the offer.

Answer:

In the short run, these workers are variable inputs, and the ovens arefixed inputs. TRUE

Explanation:

The statement is true. The worker are defined on a weekly basis at will by Yvette hence, short-term thus variable input.

In the other hand; the oven were leased for the entire year thus, unchangable in the short run. Yvette's decition about the number of oven in her kitchen is a long-term decition as currently are fixed.

Answer:

d. intergovernmental organizations (IGOs)

Explanation:

Multinational forces cannot interact with for-profit relief agencies or local media agencies that require unified actions. The reason behind not choosing those agencies is that the agencies cannot command as a unified action. Multinational forces can only interact with the international government organization. Therefore, option D is the correct answer.

Answer:

option (C) 8.8

Explanation:

Data provided in the question:

Common stock outstanding = 267.9 million shares

Market price = $68 per share

Value of common stock equity reported = $2.067 billion

Now,

Market value = Market price × Number of  Common stock outstanding

= $68 × 267.9 million

= $18,217.2 million

= $18,217,200,000

Book value = $2.067 billion = $2,067,000,000

therefore,

NetApp's market/book ratio = $18,217,200,000 ÷ $2,067,000,000

= 8.81 ≈ 8.8

Hence,

Answer is option (C) 8.8

The market/book ratio for NetApp Inc. is calculated by dividing its total market value ($18.217 billion) by its book value of equity ($2.067 billion), resulting in a ratio of approximately 8.8.

The market/book ratio of NetApp Inc. can be calculated by dividing the total market value by the book value of equity. The total market value is found by multiplying the number of shares outstanding by the price per share, which is 267.9 million shares times $68 per share, resulting in approximately $18.217 billion. The book value of equity is given as $2.067 billion. Therefore, the market/book ratio is $18.217 billion divided by $2.067 billion, which equals approximately 8.8.

Answer:

c. credit to Additional Paid-in Capital

Explanation:

The journal entry to record the difference is shown below:

Cash A/c Dr $75 million

      To Treasury stock A/c $70 million    (1 million shares × $70 per share)

      To Additional paid in capital - in excess of par $5 million

(Being the issuance of treasury stocks is reported and the amount remaining is credited to the additional paid-in capital account)

The unemployment rate measures the percentage of the labor force that is unemployed. In this case, the rate is 5.5%.

The unemployment rate is a measure that shows the percentage of the labor force that is considered unemployed. In this case, the labor force consists of 123 million people and the number of unemployed individuals is 6.8 million. To calculate the unemployment rate, divide the number of unemployed people by the labor force and multiply by 100. The unemployment rate in this scenario is 5.5%.

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The unemployment rate is the percentage of people in the labor force who do not have a job. In this case, the unemployment rate is 5.5%.

The unemployment rate is a key economic indicator that measures the percentage of the labor force without a job and actively seeking employment. It reflects the health of the job market and overall economy. The rate is calculated by dividing the number of unemployed individuals by the total labor force and is often reported monthly by government agencies.

Thus, this rate is defined as the percentage of people in the labor force who do not have a job. In this case, the labor force is 123 million and the number of unemployed people is 6.8 million. To calculate the unemployment rate, we divide the number of unemployed by the labor force and multiply by 100. So the unemployment rate is (6.8 million / 123 million) * 100 = 5.5%.

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Answer:

C

Explanation:

An organizational suitability statement for employees points out the reasons why the organization think their experience and skills are suitable for the position they are applying for in the organisation.

A suitability statement, known as a personal statement, shows a summary of the key skills and experience you possess for a given job

Thus Orbiton Computer's failure can be attributed to the lack of organizational suitability meaning the employees are not suitable and dont have the required skills for this job. They need to find the adequate skills for the job.

Answer:

The amount of depreciation expense for 2018 would be D) $30,000.

Explanation:

The units-of-activity depreciation method is calculated by using the following formula:

Depreciation Expense = [(Cost of machine − Salvage Value)/Life in Number of hours run] x Number of hours actual run  = Depreciation Expense per hour x  Number of hours run.

In the company,

Depreciation Expense per hour = ($375,000 - $75,000)/40,000 = $7.5

The company ran the machine for 4,000 actual hours in 2018.

The amount of depreciation expense for 2018 = $7.5 x 4,000 = $30,000

Answer:

Check attached file

Explanation:

#include

#include

#include

#include

using namespace std;

class stockType

public:

stockType();

stockType(string stockSymbol,double OPrice,double CPrice,double THPrice,double TLPrice,double YCPrice,int shares);

void setStockSysmbol(string stockSymbol);

void setOPrice(double OPrice);

void setCPrice(double CPrice);

void setTHPrice(double THPrice);

void setTLPrice(double TLPrice);

void setYCPrice(double YCPrice);

void setShares(int shares);

string getStockSysmbol();

double getOPrice();

double getCPrice();

double getTHPrice();

double getTLPrice();

double getYCPrice();

int getShares();

friend istream& operator>> (istream& is, stockType& a);

friend ostream& operator< (ostream&="" os,="" const="" stocktype&="">

bool operator ==(stockType s)

if(stockSymbol.compare(s.getStockSysmbol())==0)

return true;

else

return false;

Answer: Option D

Explanation: In simple words, burnout refers to the state of mind in which an individual feels exhausted and disappointed due to excessive stress which is caused by constant demand and work.

Burnout of an individual reduces his or her energy level and makes them feel hopeless and helpless in the current situation. This condition causes emotional damages the victim leading to mental issues such as anxiety disorder and panic attacks etc.

Hence from the above we can conclude that the correct option is D

Answer:

Letter D is correct. Stakeholder.

Explanation:

A stakeholder is the company's strategic audience, which is made up of individuals or groups who have an interest in organizational business.

Can be:

As a fundamental part of the set of organizational actions, stakeholders have a direct or indirect role in management and results.

Therefore it is necessary that management be directed to meet the needs and expectations of its stakeholders, to ensure compliance and quality in processes involving satisfaction and lasting relationship with the parties, which influences the achievement of competitive and economic advantages, enhancing the results. and organizational success.

Answer:

bond securities  335,654.22 debit

             cash                      335,645.22 credit

--to record purchase of bonds--

cash                        37,440 debit

   interest revenue                  33,564.52

   bond securities                      3,875.48

--to record interest revenue on the bonds--

bonds securities   1,821.26

unrealized holding gain 1,821.26

--to record recognition of fair value for the year ended Dec 31th 2017--

unrealized holding loss 8,620 debit

            bonds securities               8,620 credit

-- to record recognition of fair vale for 2018--

Explanation:

a) we record the bonds for the amount we purchased, we make adjustment at year-end for any difference if needed

b)

312,000 x 12% = 37,440 cash proceeds

335,645.22 x 10% = 33,564.52 interest revenue

amortization 3,875.48

c) fair value:       333,600

book value:       (331. 778,74‬)

unrealized gain      1,821.26

d)

37,440 - 333,600 x 10% = 4,080 amortization for the year

fair value at 2018 year-end $ 320,900

book value at 2018               $ 329,520

unrealized holding loss                (8,620)

Answer:

Please see the explanation below

Explanation:

As a Manager:

Kamprad’s success as an entrepreneur is attributed to his managerial and leadership skills. Kamprad is an efficient financial manager and this is normally reflected in his inexpensive life. Kamprad encourages his employees to manage both personal and company resources in a very prudent manner. Kamprad is a very influential person and this makes it easy for him to implement company policies.

Kamprad is a very persistent manager who does not bow down to any competition. Kamprad’s major motivation is to improve the company’s market share and profits. His aggressiveness and determination to grow his company is what makes Kamprad to be classified as a good manager. Kamprad’s managerial philosophy is to always do things in a different way.

Kamprad’s background inspired him to establish a family business model that makes workers to feel as part of the family. Kamprad takes an inclusive approach to management and this improves the performance and dedication of his employees. Despite involving all employees in the affairs of the company, Kamprad is always aware of everything that happens within the company.

As a Leader:

The leadership quality that makes Kamprad to be a very special leader is his humility in accepting his mistakes and weaknesses.

Alcoholism is his most notable weakness and Kamprad has always owned up to this weakness. Kamprad is a very caring leader who will always go out of his way to ensure that his employees are fine. Kamprad is a very inspirational leader who influences his employees in a positive way.

Kamprad appears like other employees and does not like to be seen as a boss. He does everything like his employees and has over the years developed a very good relationship with employees IKEA is known around the world for its family like followership that makes every employee to feel as part of the family. The IKEA family is controlled by strict business ethics.  

Kamprad’s leadership can be described using a variety of leadership concepts.Transactional, transformational, charismatic and authentic leadership concepts are very critical in describing the leadership of a very successful entrepreneur like Kamprad. The transactional approach in leadership is results oriented and employees are rewarded according to their performance.

Kamprad is a results oriented leader and therefore the transactional leadership concept can be used to describe his leadership. Transactional leaders are very inspirational and will always ensure that employees work towards achieving set goals and targets.

Transactional leaders take the responsibility of role clarification to ensure that employees are comfortable when they are carrying out their duties. In a transactional leadership approach, employees are expected to comply with company policies and other directives from the company leadership. Remunerations and promotions are based on performance in a transactional approach.

Kamprad is known to use a transactional approach to run his company. Kamprad has a tendency of influencing the assumptions and attitudes of his employees which is an element of transformational leadership. In a transformational approach, leaders work towards building commitment and trust to ensure that the company meets its goals and objectives.

This kind of approach can only be implemented by a very influential leader like Kamprad. Kamprad has always had a profound effect on his employees by encouraging them to work towards improving the organization.

The main objective of transformational leadership is to improve the performance of employees. Kamprad gives his employees the freedom to question his opinions and this makes him a transformational leader.

The charismatic concept of leadership is based on the ability of a leader to have a significant influence on his or her followers by demonstrating exceptional qualities.

There are certain traits and behaviors that are associated with Kamprad that qualify him to be a charismatic leader. To begin, Kamprad likes doing things differently in order to meet customer needs . A charismatic leader is always interested in making things better by supporting radical changes within an organization.

Kamprad is a very innovative leader who always comes up with new ideas that help his company to achieve its mission

Kamprad is always confident about his vision for the company and tries his level best to ensure that his employees are always motivated. Transactional, transformational and charismatic concepts of leadership constitute an authentic leader. Kamprad can be described as an authentic leader because he has a mix of all the qualities that are needed to run a multinational company like IKEA.

Answer:

Consider the following explanation

Explanation:

1 First he has,reasonably detailed knowledge of the market in question

2.The second general approach is to use advanced statistical analysis to identify the data

3.Author must collect data not only related to financial aid and college graduates but also on the many variables that can effect these variables .

4.Once the data are collected (which is often much more difficult than it sounds!), the author can then use some advanced statistical techniques to estimate the parameters, including one technique called multiple regression analysis.

If the author has done all these above things on the data ,then i think that his conclusion will be correct.

The best solution to the identification problem is  it requires knowledge of the various variables that effect both the financial aid and college graduates so that advanced statistical estimation can be undertaken, In either case, however, knowledge of financial aid and college graduates alone is not sufficient to identify the data and drawing conclusions on the basis of it.

The authors must solve the identification problem of selection bias. They may not be correct in concluding that financial aid increases graduation rates based on the data alone. The best solution to the identification problem is a randomized controlled experiment.

The identification problem that the authors must solve in this study is the issue of selection bias. In other words, they need to determine whether the difference in graduation rates between college students who received financial aid and those who did not is solely due to the financial aid or if there are other factors at play.

If the authors conclude that receiving financial aid increases the ability of college students to graduate based on the data alone, they may not be correct. The data may be confounded by other variables, such as the students' socioeconomic background or academic abilities, which could be influencing both the likelihood of receiving financial aid and the graduation rate.

The best solution to the identification problem would be to use a randomized controlled experiment. This would involve randomly assigning some eligible students to receive financial aid and others not to receive financial aid. By comparing the graduation rates between the two groups, the authors can more confidently attribute any differences to the impact of financial aid.