The correct answer is: taking a picture of yourself and of your reflection
This example above can be compared to copying mechanism of DNA-replication in which one strand of DNA (e.g. 3’-5’ orientation) is used as a template to make new strand with opposite orientation (5’-3’). Picture of yourself is a template and a picture of reflection is copied strand.
What is one way that scientists use metagenomics? question 20 options: evaluate the effectiveness of drugs based on individual's genomic sequence forensic analysis study evolutionary relationships study the genomes of multiple species in the same environmental niche?
Scientists use metagenomics to study the genomes of multiple species in the same environmental niche.
Explanation:One way that scientists use metagenomics is to study the genomes of multiple species in the same environmental niche. This involves isolating DNA from multiple species within an environmental niche, cutting it up and sequencing it, and then reconstructing the entire genome sequences of multiple species from the sequences of overlapping pieces. By studying the genomes of multiple species in the same environmental niche, scientists can gain insights into the diversity, interactions, and functional roles of different organisms within a specific ecosystem.
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Final answer:
Scientists use metagenomics to analyze the collective genomes of multiple species in the same environmental niche, aiding in the rapid identification of new species and the assessment of environmental impacts on microbial communities.
Explanation:
Understanding Metagenomics
One significant way that scientists use metagenomics is to study the genomes of multiple species existing within the same environmental niche. This approach allows researchers to understand the collective genomic content of microorganisms and examine microbial diversity without the need for isolating and culturing individual species. Metagenomics can rapidly identify new species and assess the impact of environmental factors, such as pollutants, on microbial communities. It can also delve into how these communities change in response to the physical and chemical fluctuations in their environments.
Metagenomics differs from traditional microbiology, which focused on pure cultures, as it considers the intricate interactions within microbial communities or biofilms. Using techniques like DNA sequencing from various species within an environment, metagenomics can reconstruct entire genome sequences, providing insights into ecological dynamics and potential biotechnological applications.
In order to support his theory of evolutionary change, Charles Darwin concentrated his studies on the many species of finches in the Galapagos Islands. Darwin noted that many of the birds had different shapes and styles of beak. What is a possible explanation for what Darwin observed? A) The birds had beaks that were adapted for feeding differently. B) Some birds had been injured by predators and were poor competitors. Eliminate C) People had bred the bird to have beaks with varied shapes and sizes. D) The birds had different beaks because females preferred certain beak shapes over others.
The correct answer is - A) The birds had beaks that were adapted for feeding differently.
The finches on the Galapagos Islands all derive from a small group of finches that were the same and managed to come to these islands. Over time, they started to develop numerous types of beaks, thus they started to diversify. The reason for this was that there were multiple free niches in the food chain on the Galapagos Islands, so the finches started occupying them. Some developed beaks that are more suitable for eating fruits, some that are more suitable for eating seeds and nuts, some that are more suitable for eating insects etc. All that different types of food choices contributed that they develop a beak type that will enable them to be more efficient in the consumption of their preferable food source.
Check all strategies below that helped you decrease experimental error in this lab.
Answer:
-using seeds from the same source
-using the same kind of soil for both groups
-giving the control and experimental groups the same volume of water
-keeping the light the same for the experimental and control groups
-measuring plant height the same way and at the same time for both groups
Explanation:
Using seeds from the same source makes sure that the seeds are of the same species, and using the same soil prevents one group from growing faster or slower because of increased initial nutrition. The same amount of water was also used so that the plants wouldn't die or grow more quickly solely because of water. And, finally, accurate measurements were taken to minimize the chance of incorrect information.
Answer:
All of the above
Explanation:
Which of the following is true of all organisms belonging to the kingdom Animalia?
They have bilateral symmetry.
They reproduce asexually.
They have a body cavity.
They are heterotrophs.
they are heterotrophs, as they can not make or synthesize their own food.
Answer:
They are heterotrophs.
Explanation:
Kingdom animalia contains animals are multi cellular (with no cell wall like plants) , heterotrophs (obtaining their energy by consuming energy releasing food substances) and eukaryotic organism. They did not contain protists and prokaryotes. Animalia kingdom have multiple cells with mitochondria & they depends on other organism for food.
They typically reproduce Sexually, they have sensory organs, the ability to move & internal digestions.
Which is incorrect about enzymes? many drugs, like statin drugs, work by inhibiting key enzymes in cells. a noncompetitive inhibitor of enzymes interferes with the active site of the enzyme. enzymes need to have a precise shape to work correctly. in humans, extremely high fevers can be fatal because enzymes begin to unfold and stop working. some enzymes can work in extreme temperatures or very low ph?
Incorrect- some enzymes can work in extreme temperatures or very low ph
Enzymes are sensitive to their environment. The activity of an enzyme is influenced by both temperature and pH. Most human enzymes work best at temperatures of about 40°C and within a pH range of 6 to 8.
An ______ is an animal that obtains its body heat from the environment ectotherm outertherm perifitherm endotherm
An ectotherm gets its heat from external sources
(Remember "ecto" means outer, "endo" means inner)
Answer:
Endotherm. (Endo)
Explanation:
Which of the following statements is true about the atmosphere? A.) The different layers overlap
B.) It extends about 1,000 miles into space
C.) The layers are not affected by the sun’s radiation
D.) All of the above
A and B seem to be true
When heat is added to a substance describe how the molecules are affected enter your answer in the space provided
molecules will gain energy, causing them to move faster and spread further from each other
According to the phylogenetic tree, which two phyla are most closely related?
A. Chordata and Mollusca
B. Cnidaria and Nematoda
C. Annelida and Arthropoda
D. Platyhelminthes and Echinodermata
Annelida and Arthropoda are the correct answers (C)
Answer:
The correct answer is option C, that is, Annelida and Arthropoda.
Explanation:
A diagram, which demonstrates an evolutionary association between the species is known as a phylogenetic tree. Both the phyla, that is, Annelida and Arthropoda belong to the kingdom Animalia. In both the phylum, the species comprises of segmented bodies. However, the species belonging to phylum Annelida comprises a hydrostatic skeleton, while the species in phylum Arthropoda comprises exoskeleton formed of chitin.
Which of the following statements about metabolism are true?1) Catabolism is the process in which complex substances are broken down, yielding a net output of energy.2) Metabolism is an integrated system in which many of the same reactions participate in degradative (catabolic) and biosynthetic (anabolic) pathways.3) Anabolism involves the synthesis of polymeric biomolecules and complex lipids from monomers such as fatty acids and nucleotides.4) All organisms derive raw materials and energy from organic molecules, such as glucose.
The correct answers are:
1) Catabolism is the process in which complex substances are broken down, yielding a net output of energy.
2) Metabolism is an integrated system in which many of the same reactions participate in degradative (catabolic) and biosynthetic (anabolic) pathways.
3) Anabolism involves the synthesis of polymeric biomolecules and complex lipids from monomers such as fatty acids and nucleotides.
Metabolism is defined as a set of all chemical reactions within an organism. Purposes of metabolic processes are to convert food energy into energy that is required for cellular processes, to synthesize the building blocks for proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and some carbohydrates (macromolecules) and to eliminate nitrogenous wastes. Catabolism and anabolism are part of the metabolism that work together in order to maintain functions within the cell.
Catabolic processes (breaking down of macromolecules) are necessary for energy release (usually in the form of ATP) which is then used in anabolism-synthesis of compounds that cell needs.
The statements about metabolism that are true include: 1) Catabolism is the process in which complex substances are broken down, yielding a net output of energy. 2) Metabolism is an integrated system in which many of the same reactions participate in degradative (catabolic) and biosynthetic (anabolic) pathways. 3) Anabolism involves the synthesis of polymeric biomolecules and complex lipids from monomers such as fatty acids and nucleotides. While statement 4) is generally true, some organisms can derive materials and energy from inorganic sources, so it is not universally applied.
Metabolism can broadly be classified into catabolism and anabolism, which respectively break down molecules to release energy and build complex molecules using energy. This intricate system of reactions works together in balance; catabolic pathways provide the energy and small precursors needed for anabolic processes to synthesize larger biomolecules. Understanding metabolism also involves studying metabolic pathways, which are series of biochemical reactions leading to the transformation of substrates into end products. Hence, statements 1, 2, and 3 accurately describe the nature of metabolic processes. However, not all organisms rely exclusively on organic molecules for raw materials and energy, as some can utilize inorganic substances, which makes the fourth statement not entirely encompassing all life forms.
Select 3 true statements about Analogous Structures
A. They have the same function
B. They have evolved independently
C. They indicate an evolutionary relationship
D. They are adaptions to the same environment
Answer:
A. They have the same function
B. They have evolved independently
C. They indicate an evolutionary relationship
Explanation:
Analogous structures are structures with a different embryonic but have evolved to perform similar function.Analogous structures are a result of convergent evolution which is the independent evolution of similar features in species of different lineages or different embryonic origin.Examples of analogous structures include; wings in flying animals like bats, birds, and insects, and fins in animals like penguins and fish.Identify the organ in the digestive system responsible for producing bile, and for detoxifying molecules absorbed from the digestive system into the blood.
duodenum
gallbladder
pancreas
liver
The pancreas makes a digestive juice that has enzymes that break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. The pancreas delivers the digestive juice to the small intestine through small tubes called ducts. However, it is the liver that makes a digestive juice called bile that helps digest fats and some vitamins.
Give two possible ways that negative human impact on the pH of Earth’s oceans can be reduced.
By Lowering the carbon dioxide in the air, and reducing the plastics that goes into the oceans.
Reduce carbondioxide emission into the atmosphere and preventing throwing of plastic in the ocean are solved the problem of low pH in the ocean.
What ways reduce the pH of Earth’s oceans ?Lowering the carbon dioxide in the air and plastics are the two possible ways that negative human impact on the pH of Earth’s oceans can be reduced because carbondioxide gas reacts with ocean water forming carbonic acid which leads to lowering pH.
So in my opinion, reduce carbondioxide emission into the atmosphere and preventing throwing of plastic in the ocean are solved the problem of low pH in the ocean.
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POPULATION AGE STRUCTURE summary Will reward
The population age structure is is simply the structure of a population in a given time period by age groups. In order to represent the population age structure in a simple and efficient way, the population pyramid is used. Depending of what type of population is dominant, the pyramid will have different shapes. It can easily show us the trends and type of demographic transition for a particular population. When there high birthrates, the pyramid tends to be widest at the bottom, but when there's low birthrates the pyramid tends to be widening in the middle and upper sections.
The first word of the scientific name is capitalized, functions as a(n) , and tells the of the organism
Final answer:
The first word of the scientific name is capitalized, functions as a(n) genus name, and tells the specific identity of the organism.
Explanation:
In biological taxonomy, the scientific name of an organism follows a binomial nomenclature system, consisting of two parts: the genus name and the species epithet. The genus name, represented by the first word and capitalized, categorizes the organism into a broader group that includes related species.
It functions as a more general identifier. The species epithet, following the genus name and in lowercase, provides the specific identity within that genus. Together, the scientific name uniquely identifies and classifies each species in a standardized manner across the biological community. This naming system helps in organizing and communicating information about the vast diversity of living organisms.
Why can dinoflagellate blooms be harmful to humans?
a. dinoflagellates produce toxins that kill shellfishb. during algal blooms, dinoflagellate population densities reach very high levelsc. dinoflagellate blooms are not harmful; they are just unsightlyd. people can get paralytic shellfish poisoning during dinoflagellate blooms
Dinoflagellate is a type of neurotoxin which is found in the red-tide algae.
The answer is:
d. people can get paralytic shellfish poisoning during dinoflagellate blooms
Dinoflagellate algal blooms, during red-tide, release strong neurotoxins that can be ingested by shellfish and passed on to humans who eat the infected shellfish. The most significant public health problem that has been known to cause this harmful algae poisoning is: Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning (ASP).
The correct answer is d. People can get paralytic shellfish poisoning during dinoflagellate blooms because dinoflagellate blooms produce toxins that can accumulate in shellfish, leading to paralytic shellfish poisoning in humans.
The correct option is d. People can get paralytic shellfish poisoning during dinoflagellate blooms.
Reasons:
Dinoflagellates produce toxins that can accumulate in shellfish during algal blooms.When humans consume contaminated shellfish, they can suffer from paralytic shellfish poisoning because the toxins attack the nervous system.Symptoms of this poisoning include dizziness, nausea, slurred speech, loss of feeling, and uncoordinated movements, and it can even be fatal.Thus, dinoflagellate blooms are harmful to humans primarily because of the toxins they produce that accumulate in marine life and can cause severe health issues.
The two muscles of mastication that that are involved in closing of the mandible are the masseter and ________________________ muscles.
The two muscles of mastication that that are involved in closing of the mandible are the masseter and pterygoid muscles.
Actually, three muscles that work together are involved in movement of the mandible: Temporalis, Masseter and Pterygoid Muscles.
Temporalis muscle - assists in closing the mouth and moving the mouth from side to side during the chewing.
Masseter muscle- the main chewing muscle and one of the strongest muscles in the body.
Pterygoid muscles- with the Masseter muscle to assist in the chewing action and jaw rotation.
The two muscles of mastication involved in mandible closure are the masseter and temporalis muscles. These muscles work together to elevate and retract the mandible, enabling the complex movements necessary for effective chewing.
The two muscles of mastication that are involved in closing of the mandible are the masseter and temporalis muscles. Mastication, or chewing, requires muscles that can exert sufficient pressure to bite and chew food before swallowing. The masseter is a major muscle in this process, elevating the mandible to close the mouth, while the temporalis supports this action by retracting the mandible. You can even feel the temporalis in action by placing your fingers on your temple as you chew. These two muscles work in concert to enable the jaw to perform the complex movements necessary for breaking down food.
Together, the masseter and temporalis allow for up-and-down and side-to-side movements of the jaw, which are essential for effective chewing. While the masseter is the main muscle for chewing, the temporalis plays a crucial role in assisting with the elevation and retraction of the mandible to facilitate mastication.
Where does most new membrane synthesis take place in a eukaryotic cell?
The correct answer is: endoplasmatic reticulum (ER).
Membranes are continuously renewing their molecules that are synthesized in endoplasmic reticulum and transported to their final location by vesicular trafficking (exocytosis of vesicles).
Cholesterol and glycerophospholipids for the cell membranse are all synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum because it contains enzymes involved in lipid synthesis. Proteins are inserted into the ER while they are still being synthesized and their synthesis is finished in the ER.
The endomembrane system, specifically the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, is where most new membrane synthesis takes place in a eukaryotic cell.
Explanation:Most new membrane synthesis in a eukaryotic cell occurs within its endomembrane system. This system includes various membrane-bound organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus. The ER, especially the rough ER, plays a crucial role in synthesizing and folding proteins as well as producing lipids, which are integral parts of the membrane. These newly synthesized components are then bundled into vesicles for transportation. The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts and packages these components, playing a significant role in the creation of new cellular membranes.
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When dave was told by his doctor that he was in the advanced stages of cancer, dave immediately questioned the report and sought a second opinion from another doctor. dave is exhibiting which reaction to impending death?
The answer to this question should be Denial.
Dave is exhibiting denial as a reaction to impending death.
Denial is a common psychological defense mechanism in which individuals refuse to accept or acknowledge a distressing reality or truth. When faced with a diagnosis of advanced cancer, the news is often overwhelming and emotionally distressing. In an attempt to cope with the fear and anxiety associated with the diagnosis, some individuals, like Dave, may resort to denial as a way to protect themselves from the painful reality of their condition.
By seeking a second opinion from another doctor, Dave is displaying his unwillingness to accept the initial diagnosis and is hoping for a different outcome or more positive prognosis. Denial allows individuals to momentarily escape from the overwhelming emotions and fears related to their illness, giving them time to process the information at their own pace.
It is important to note that denial is a natural and common reaction to serious or life-threatening diagnoses. Many individuals go through various stages of emotional responses when confronting their mortality, and denial is just one stage in the broader context of the Kübler-Ross model, also known as the five stages of grief, which includes denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. Each individual may experience these stages differently and in varying sequences. As time progresses and individuals come to terms with their circumstances, they may move through these stages and eventually reach a place of acceptance and emotional resolution. It is essential for patients to have supportive healthcare providers and caregivers who understand and respect their emotional responses during this challenging time.
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Mercury pollution in a local lake can be traced directly to a factory located near the lake's shore. What type of pollution is the mercury ?
A
primary
B
secondary
C
tertiary
Pollution has to do with the release of harmful materials and energy into the environment. Mercury is a primary pollutant.
What is pollution?The term pollution has to do with the release of harmful materials and energy into the environment. The release of mercury into the enevironment is an example of pollution.
Now, a pollution that causes pollution in the form in which it is released from source is called a primary pollutant. Hence, mercury is a primary pollutant.
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A 4-year-old male child has several small pustules with honey-colored crusted drainage on his face, but in no other location. the child is diagnosed with impetigo. the most appropriate treatment would be:
Impetigo Can Be Treated By The Gentle Cleansing Of The Sores, Removing Crusts From The Infected Person And Applying Prescription-Strength Antibiotic Ointment.
Final answer:
The appropriate treatment for impetigo in children is topical or oral antibiotics, owing to the infection's contagious nature. Impetigo is caused by bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes, and if left untreated, it may lead to serious complications.
Explanation:
The most appropriate treatment for a 4-year-old male child diagnosed with impetigo, presenting with small pustules and honey-colored crusted drainage on his face, would be topical or oral antibiotics. Impetigo is a highly contagious skin infection often caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, or a combination of both, resulting in the formation of vesicles, pustules, or bullae that rupture, producing encrusted sores around areas like the nose and mouth. Considering the risk of serious complications from impetigo caused by S. pyogenes, such as acute glomerulonephritis, prompt and effective treatment is essential to prevent further health issues.
The tiny gaps between adjacent schwann cells are called
The term "Nodes of Ranvier" refers to the spaces between adjacent Schwann cells. Through a process known as salutatory conduction, these nodes facilitate quicker nerve impulse conduction.
Explanation:The tiny gaps between adjacent Schwann cells are called Nodes of Ranvier. These nodes allow for the fast conduction of nerve impulses along a neural thread, a process that is also known as salutatory conduction. For instance, instead of the nerve impulses having to travel along the entire length of the nerve fiber, they can 'jump' from one Node of Ranvier to the next, speeding up the whole process significantly.
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Nodes of Ranvier are the tiny gaps between adjacent Schwann cells. These gaps are crucial for the propagation of the electrical signal down the axon. Schwann cells form the insulating myelin sheath along the axon, creating these intermittent gaps.
Explanation:The tiny gaps between adjacent Schwann cells are called Nodes of Ranvier. These nodes are gaps in the myelin coverage along axons and are important to the way that electrical signals travel down the axon. Schwann cells, one type of glial cell, insulate axons with myelin in the periphery and each Schwann cell wraps around a portion of an axon segment. The relationship between Schwann cells and the axon is metaphorically similar to the pastry wrapped around a hot dog, with the Schwann cell representing the pastry and the axon the hot dog.
The Schwann cell surrounds and insulates the axon, but there are gaps, which are the Nodes of Ranvier, that allow for the strengthening of the electrical signal as it propagates down the axon.
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Gluconeogenesis is a term that describes the synthesis of ____. glycogen from glucagon. fat from excess carbohydrate intake. lactose from a source of sucrose. glucose from amino acids. amino acids from glucose
glucose from amino acids.
Gluconeogenesis is a term that describes the synthesis of glucose from amino acids.
Explanation;Gluconeogenesis describes the synthesis of glucose or glycogen from substances which are not carbohydrates.When carbohydrate substrates are not sufficiently available as in starvation or when they are of great demand as in intense physical exertion, gluconeogenesis generates glucose from substances other than carbohydrates, which are stored in the body. The substrates of gluconeogenesis includes lactate, glucogenic amino acids such as alenine and glutamine, glycerol, fatty acid, etc.Answer: glucose from amino acids.
Explanation:
It is a process that occurs only in the liver, where the body synthesizes glucose from non-glycolytic molecules, for use mainly by the glycosidic organs brain, and myocardium. This process occurs when there is a need for energy and the lack of intracellular glucose. Occurs when the body is in a state of prolonged hunger or cell starvation as in pathology diabetes.
Irreversible reactions of the Gluconeogenesis pathway and the glycolytic pathway are located in the same positions. This serves as a mechanism by which the Gluconeogenesis only occurs when necessary and when it is not inhibited by the glycolytic pathway. The glycolytic pathway is negatively controlled in those points at the time the Gluconeogenesis is occurring. If Gluconeogenesis occurred at the same time as the glycolytic path, both routes would be canceled.
What are the products of linear photophosphorylation?
A) heat and fluorescence.
B) ATP and P700
C) ATP and NADPH
D) ADP and NADP
E) P700 and P680.
Answer:
C) ATP and NADPH
Explanation:
Photosynthetic electron transport chain in plant cells is used for extracting sunlight energy via redox reactions through the process of photosynthesis. This process occurs in chloroplast (thylakoid membrane), where light energy is transformed into chemical energy, that leads to the conversion of water to oxygen and NADP+ to NADPH with transfer of H+ ions across chloroplast membranes. Formed H+ gradient is used for the ATP synthesis.
What is suggested by the similarity of early embryos of different species of vertebrates?
a. recent common ancestryb. evolution from a distant common ancestorc. no evolutionary relationship between the groupsd. similar environments in the past
The correct answer is: evolution from a distant common ancestor.
It has been shown that most of vertebrate embryos such as fish, reptiles, amphibians, birds, and mammals’ embryos begin with a basically similar structure: they have gill arches, notochords, spinal cords, and primitive kidneys. This happens because they share ancient genes that ere expressed during a middle "phylotypic period" of embryonic development.
The correct answer is - b. evolution from a distant common ancestor.
The early embryos very often do not resemble the physical appearance of their parents. They tend to have an appearance and features that look much more like some other species or group of animals. That slowly changes though as the embryo matures, gradually taking the shape and physical appearance of its parents.
The early embryos do not have the tendency of relatively quick change as the evolution goes on, but instead, they can have the same features as some very distant ancestor, even from tens of millions of years ago. This suggest that the parents of the embryo, as well as the embryo itself has a distant common ancestor with other species that have that appearance.
We can take the birds as an example. The early embryos of the birds have tails, instead of beak, they have a jaw with tiny sharp teeth, and their appearance is very reptilian. In fact, the birds are related with the reptilians, though that connection dates way back in the geological past.
irene eats large quantities of high-calorie foods at least three times a week when she is alone or nervous. after binging, she induces vomiting. she is constantly concerned about her appearance, although she is of normal weight. an appropriate diagnosis for irene is ____.
The diagnosis would be Bulimia Nervosa.
Voluntary control of skeletal muscles is provided by the
a. spinothalamic pathway
b. corticospinal pathway
c. spinocerebellar pathway
d. posterior column pathway
The correct answer is: b. corticospinal pathway
The corticospinal pathway is a motor pathway that starts at the cerebral cortex and terminates on lower motor neurons and interneurons in the spinal cord. Its function is to control the movements of the limbs, directly and voluntary.
Which of the following activities can be shown to increase resistance among microbial populations?
developing second- and third-generation versions of antimicrobial drugs
taking an antimicrobial drug for the entire prescribed time
taking antibacterial drugs for viral infections
taking a combination of antimicrobial drugs
Answer:
Taking antibacterial drugs for viral infections
Explanation
This is called a misuse of antibacterials also popular known as antibiotics. This results in an increased chance of bacteria developing mutations against the antibacterial hence rendering the drugs ineffective in treatment. They also form the risk of causing dangerous mutations that turn harmless bacteria into harmful bacteria.
A group of individuals of the same species living in the same general area is called a(n) __. *
This is a volume of space that is empty of matter. Example: Sound cannot travel here.
Answer:
Vacuum
Explanation:
A vacuum is usually defined as a space in which there is an absence of matter. It can also be said that there is an extremely low amount of pressure due to which the particles present in it are not affected by any type of process that occurs in space. The value of pressure is lower than the value of normal atmospheric pressure.
For example, sound cannot travel in space because there is no medium such as water and air through which the sound waves can propagate.