The correct answer is: inhibition of reverse transcriptase
Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme with the ability to produce DNA (complementary DNA-cDNA) form the RNA template. Retroviruses, such as HIV virus after entering the cell, liberates the single-stranded RNA genome from the attached viral proteins and copies it into a cDNA molecule, That cDNA is than incorporated into host’s genome (via an enzyme integrase).
Antriretroviral medications such as AZT are inhibitors of reverse transcriptase, they decrease replication of the virus but not affecting the host.
What is the primary function of a fruit?
to enable fertilization
to carry out photosynthesis
to provide nutrition for the seed
to disperse seeds
To disperse seeds should be correct
If a stack of rock layers has not been disturbed since it formed, the layers are toward the bottom and the layers are toward the top.
Answer:
If a stack of rock layers has not been disturbed since it formed, the older
layers are toward the bottom and the younger layers are toward the top.
Explanation:
What is the earliest point after conception that a home pregnancy test can be used to confirm pregnancy?
Answer:
2 weeks
Explanation:
After having sexual intercourse you take the test 2 weeks after if you take it earlier than that then your answer will be positive cause the sperm is still moving
Which layer of the alimentary canal is constructed from either stratified squamous or simple columnar epithelium?A) muscularis externaB) mucosaC) submucosaD) serosa
It is it B because a mucosa B.B.
Mucosa layer of the alimentary canal is constructed from either stratified squamous or simple columnar epithelium.
What is alimentary canal?A muscular tube that runs from the mouth to the anus called the alimentary canal.
What is mucosa?the soft, inner lining that is found in several bodily cavities and organs (such as the nose, mouth, lungs, and stomach).
Function of mucosa:The mucosa, which is the innermost layer, performs
secretion absorption processes.What is squamous?Squamous cells, which are tiny, flat cells that resemble fish scales, are present in the tissue that makes up the skin's surface, the lining of the body's hollow organs, and the lining of the digestive and respiratory systems.
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A student observes a worm-like organism crawling about on dead organic matter. later, the organism sheds its outer covering. one possibility is that the organism is a larval insect (like a maggot). on the other hand, it might be a member of which phylum, and one way to distinguish between the two possibilities is by looking for the presence of
An individual complains of a sudden severe headache and blurred vision in one eye. he also has difficulty speaking and experiences weakness, numbness, and paralysis on one side of his body. according to these signs and symptoms, this person probably had a:
An idividual expressing these complaints could be having a stroke. A stroke is caused due to poor blood flow to the brain and results in the brain shutting down slowly.
Answer: Stroke
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look up child : )
The individual is likely experiencing symptoms of a stroke, which is a medical emergency. These symptoms include sudden severe headache, blurred vision in one eye, difficulty speaking, and weakness and paralysis on one side of the body. Seeking immediate medical attention is crucial.
Explanation:The individual is experiencing symptoms that are consistent with a stroke. A stroke occurs when there is a disruption of blood flow to the brain, resulting in damage to brain cells and the symptoms described. Sudden severe headache, blurred vision in one eye, difficulty speaking, and weakness and paralysis on one side of the body are all common signs of a stroke. It is important for this person to seek immediate medical attention as stroke is a medical emergency.
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4. This type of body symmetry gives an animal a dorsal and ventral side, a left and right side, and an anterior and posterior end: A) Asymmetry B) Bilateral symmetry C) Radial symmetry D) Planar symmetry
Final answer:
Bilateral symmetry is the body plan that gives an animal a top (dorsal) and bottom (ventral) side, a left and right side, and a front (anterior) and back (posterior) end, supporting advanced mobility and behaviors.
Explanation:
The type of body symmetry that gives an animal a dorsal and ventral side, along with a left and right side, and an anterior and posterior end is bilateral symmetry. This body plan involves a division through a sagittal plane, resulting in two mirror-image halves of the body. Animals like humans, crabs, and butterflies are examples of organisms with bilateral symmetry. This type of symmetry is associated with an organized nervous system at the animal's anterior end, a phenomenon known as cephalization. In contrast to radial symmetry, suitable for stationary or limited-motion lifestyles, bilateral symmetry facilitates streamlined and directional motion, promoting active mobility and advanced predator-prey and resource-seeking behaviors.
A 5 year old is consuming a daily caloric intake of 1400 calories. approximately what portion of the diet should be comprised of carbohydrates?
Answer:
normally we say 30 to 40 percent should be carbohydrates simple and complex one having a standard proportion, it may also depend upon ur health
if u have diabetes u may need to cut down sugar content of your diet
The female reproductive and endocrine systems that work interactively for which main purpose
The female reproductive which is ovary is to produce secondary oocyte. While the endocrine systems will produce hormones such as oestrogen and progesterone
The female ovary's role in reproduction is to create secondary oocytes. Oestrogen and progesterone, among other hormones, are produced by the endocrine systems.
Thus, The female reproductive system's organs create and maintain the female sex cells (also known as ova or egg cells), move them to a location where they can be fertilized by sperm.
It create a favourable environment for the growing fetus, transport it to the outside at the conclusion of its development, and create female sex hormones.
The ovaries, Fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, accessory glands, and external genital organs are all parts of the female reproductive system.
Thus, The female ovary's role in reproduction is to create secondary oocytes. Oestrogen and progesterone, among other hormones, are produced by the endocrine systems.
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Negative reinforcers ________ the rate of operant responding, and punishments ________ the rate of operant responding. have no effect on; decrease decrease; decrease increase; decrease decrease; increase
The answer would be
increases; decreases
Negative reinforcers increase the rate of operant responding by removing an unpleasant stimulus to promote a desired behavior. Punishments decrease the rate of operant responding, usually by introducing an unwanted stimulus to discourage an undesired behavior.
Explanation:In the context of operant conditioning, negative reinforcers increase the rate of operant responding, while punishments decrease the rate of operant responding. This is because negative reinforcement involves removing an unpleasant stimulus to increase a behavior while punishment involves introducing or removing a stimulus to decrease behavior.
For instance, when a persistent beep sound in a car (unpleasant stimulus) stops when you fasten your seatbelt (desired behavior), it's an example of negative reinforcement. The removal of the annoying beep increases the likelihood of the seatbelt being fastened in the future.
On the other hand, a punishment could be something like receiving a fine for not wearing a seatbelt. That would decrease the likelihood of not wearing the seatbelt.
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Read this excerpt from "DNA Testing."
DNA samples from insects preserved in amber can date back to before the time of the dinosaurs, which died out 65 million years ago. George Poinar of Oregon State University, for example, has even extracted muscle tissue from a 125-million-year-old Lebanese weevil. This is, says Poinar, “the best preserved protein on the face of the earth.” So far, DNA has been successfully extracted from about a half dozen ancient samples in amber.
Select the most accurate summary of Kaku’s argument.
Amber has allowed scientists to study DNA that has been preserved over millions of years. Amber’s preservative uses have been studied and explained by scientists at Oregon State University. Amber is an effective preservative for Lebanese weevils, as proven by ancient samples extracted by scientists. Amber can preserve DNA over millions of years; this suggests a new method for preserving culture far into the future.
Amber has allowed scientists to study DNA that has been preserved over millions of years.
The excerpt claims that Amber has allowed scientists to study DNA that has been preserved over millions of years.
What is DNA?DNA refers to the templates of polynucloetides which carries information about the make-up of organisms.
DNA from ancient organisms have been preserved in the form of fossils found on land and in ice.
A form preservative for DNA of living organisms is Amber.
Based on the excerpt, it can be concluded that Amber has allowed scientists to study DNA that has been preserved over millions of years.
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The principles of probability can be used to?
A. Predict the traits of the offspring of genetic crosses.
B. Determine which species should be used in genetic crosses.
C. Determine the actual outcomes of genetic crosses.
D. Decide which organisms are best to use in genetic crosses.
A. Predict the traits of the offspring of genetic crosses.
The principles of probability in biology is mainly used to predict the traits of offspring in genetic crosses, which is consistent with Mendelian laws of inheritance. Correct option is A.
Explanation:The principles of probability can be primarily used to predict the traits of the offspring of genetic crosses (Option A). This is based on the laws of inheritance outlined by Gregor Mendel, often applied in Punnett squares. However, they can't be used to determine which species should be used in genetic crosses (Option B), the actual outcomes of genetic crosses (Option C), or decide which organisms are best to use in genetic crosses (Option D). Those decisions require additional biological knowledge beyond probability alone.
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An appropriate group of animals to examine to observe a malpighian tubule would be _____.
The correct answer is: insects.
Malphigilan tubule is a structure with the function in excretion and osmoregulaton of insects, myriapods, arachnids, and tardigrades. Its structure is branchied and its function is to absorb solutes, water, and wastes from the surrounding hemolymph. The released wastes are in the form of solid nitrogenous compounds and calcium oxalate.
What are the similarities and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes?
Similarities: both have cell membranes, DNA, cytoplasm
Differences: only eukaryotic cells have mitochondria/chloroplasts, nuclear membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, DNA in a chromosome
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes both contain DNA but differ in terms of their structure and complexity. Prokaryotic genomes are single, circular, and smaller with no introns and exons, whereas eukaryotic genomes are larger and have multiple linear chromosomes with introns and exons.
Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes consist of DNA, which stores genetic information. However, there are key differences between the two. In prokaryotes, the genome is usually a single circular chromosome and does not reside inside a nucleus, instead, it is contained within the nucleoid region of the cell. In contrast, eukaryotic genomes are found inside a nucleus and have more than one linear chromosome.
Moreover, eukaryotic genomes are generally much larger and contain introns and exons, whereas prokaryotic genomes are smaller and do not have these elements. Furthermore, eukaryotes can have extra-chromosomal DNA in organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts, while prokaryotes only have extra-chromosomal DNA in plasmids.
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Which type of motion in a lipid bilayer is extremely slow?
The lipids occasionally flip from one face of the membrane bilayer to the other and attach and detach from the surface of the bilayer at very slow but measurable rates. (polar membrane)
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Why reason best illustrates why Hershey and Chase chose to use viruses in their experiments?
Hershey and Chase used bacteriophages for their experiments to demonstrate that DNA is the genetic material because bacteriophages inject only their genetic material into cells, unlike animal viruses. This allowed them to label DNA and proteins separately and track only the genetic material essential for virus replication.
The reason Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase chose to use bacteriophages in their experiments is that bacteriophages inject only their genetic material into host cells, whereas animal viruses enter host cells completely.
In the Hershey-Chase experiment, the researchers used the T2 bacteriophage, which infects E. coli bacteria, to demonstrate that DNA is the genetic material. The T2 bacteriophage attaches to the surface of a bacterial cell and then injects its nucleic acids inside. The fact that bacteriophages inject only nucleic acids was crucial because it allowed Hershey and Chase to distinguish between DNA and proteins as the material of heredity.
By labeling the DNA with radioactive phosphorus (32P) and the proteins with radioactive sulfur (35S), they were able to track which component actually entered the E. coli cells.
Their results showed that only the 32P-labeled DNA entered the cells, thereby proving that it was DNA, not protein, which carried the genetic instructions for new virus production.
In module 1 you identify which species of lizards were most similar to one another based on
Use the principle of original horizontality to identify the two rocks that are nearly the same age.
The correct answer is - C and D.
The principle of original horizontality means that the rock layers have been order by age, with the layers at the top being the youngest, while the layers at the bottom being the oldest.
In this picture it is little hard to tell which rocks belong to the same layer from first look because there are multiple twists and turns, an uneven surface, caused by pressure on the crust.
By carefully examining the image though, we can trace the layers more properly and see which ones are younger, which older, and which have the same relative age. In this case, we can see that the markings C and D are actually on the same layer of rocks, thus being a good indication that they have the same relative age.
Answer:
C and D
Explanation:
I got it right on my quiz
What is the process by which the concentration of a substance increases in the tissues of organisms as it travels up the food web called?
➷ It is known as biomagnification or bioamplification.
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The table above summarizes traits for two parents and their child The patterns evident in this data demonstrate that A genetic information is passed from neither mothers nor fathers to offspring B. genetic information is passed only from mothers to offspring C. genetic information is passed only from fathers to offspring D. genetic information is passed from both parents to offspring
the correct answer is D. genetic information is passed from both parents to offspring
Answer:
its B and D
Explanation:
PLEASE HELP, BIOLOGY!!!!
Will the effects of genetic drift on the gene pool differ with sample size?
Unlike natural selection, genetic drift does not depend on an allele’s beneficial or harmful effects. Instead, drift changes allele frequencies purely by chance, as random subsets of individuals (and the gametes of those individuals) are sampled to produce the next generation.
Every population experiences genetic drift, but small populations feel its effects more strongly. Genetic drift does not take into account an allele’s adaptive value to a population, and it may result in loss of a beneficial allele or fixation (rise to 100\%100%100, percent frequency) of a harmful allele in a population.
The founder effect and the bottleneck effect are cases in which a small population is formed from a larger population. These “sampled” populations often do not represent the genetic diversity of the original population, and their small size means they may experience strong drift for generations.
The effects of genetic drift on the gene pool will differ with sample size, which is true as genetic drift is a random process that leads to changes in the frequency of alleles in the ecosystem.
What is the significance of the genetic drift in the gene pool?The effects of genetic drift on the gene pool can differ with sample size, as in a large population, the loss of an allele due to genetic drift may have a small effect on the overall frequency, but in a small population, the loss of the same allele may result in a much larger change, which can result in the loss of genetic variation in small populations.
Hence, the effects of genetic drift on the gene pool will differ with sample size, which is true as genetic drift is a random process that leads to changes in the frequency of alleles in the ecosystem.
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The reactants of enzyme-catalyzed reactions are known as
The correct answer is: substrates
Enzymes are molecule catalysts (usually proteins) with the ability to speed up a chemical reaction by lowering activation energy. Enzymes don’t undergo any permanent chemical change. Reactants of an enzymatic reaction are substrates and they are being changed through the reaction, forming the product of the reaction.
The reactants of enzyme-catalyzed reactions are known as substrates.
Thus, Protein-based molecules called enzymes have the power to lower the activation energy of chemical reactions, hence accelerating them. There is no long-term chemical change in enzymes.
In an enzymatic reaction, reactants serve as substrates and are transformed to create the reaction's final product.
The substrate is the reactant in an enzyme-catalyzed process. When it comes to the substrates they bind to and the processes they catalyze, enzymes are quite particular.
Thus, The reactants of enzyme-catalyzed reactions are known as substrates.
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Fill in the blank with the best possible choice: The GFP gene ___________. Key points are underlined.
hello sir i have no idea what the answer is i just want points
When a person is in a state of fear, the hormone epinephrine is released. this hormone stimulates the activation of energy-generating catabolic pathways in order to provide the body with enough energy to respond to the element that is inducing the fear. how would that be helpful to a person who unexpectedly finds themselves in close proximity to a lion?
In fear-inducing situations like unexpectedly coming across a lion, the body activates the fight-or-flight response releasing epinephrine. This hormone promotes energy generation and physiological changes to prepare the body for a quick and effective response to the threat.
Explanation:In response to sudden fear or stress, such as unexpectedly encountering a lion, the body reacts by activating the fight-or-flight response. This is a physiological reaction mediated by the adrenal glands, resulting in the secretion of the hormone epinephrine (also known as adrenaline).
This hormone promotes several changes in the body to prepare it for a sudden burst of energy. It increases heart and respiratory rate, temporarily suppresses non-urgent bodily functions like digestion and immunity, and enhances the body's ability to transport oxygen to the brain and muscles. This ensures that the body is geared up for either combating the danger (fight) or those situations where quick escape is the best option (flight).
The activation of catabolic pathways, which break down energy stores in the body, is a critical part of this response. This mobilizes a quick supply of energy for all the muscular and mental work required in the ensuing danger.
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In eukaryotic cells, how do transcription factors act to control gene expression?
A. They remove introns from pre-mRNA.
B. They bind to regulatory regions of DNA near the genes.
C. They insert themselves into DNA near the beginning of a gene.
D. They code for the synthesis of RNA polymerase.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
They can inhibit or promote RNA polymerase depending on whether it is a repressor or activator respectively. They bind in the regulatory region on DNA, therefore, this means they will have a DNA-binding domain (DBD). They can physically block the polymerase from transcription or catalyze the acetylation or deacetylation of histone proteins.
Transcription factors in eukaryotic cells control gene expression by binding to regulatory regions of DNA near the genes.
Explanation:In eukaryotic cells, transcription factors act by binding to regulatory regions of DNA near the genes. The promoter region, which is immediately upstream of the coding sequence, is the main site where transcription factors bind. These transcription factors recruit RNA polymerase to the promoter region, allowing transcription to begin.
the economy of a pastoral society is based on which of these activities
a) farming
b) foraging
c) raising livestock
d) manufacturing
C- would be the answer to the question above (pastoral) aka (posturing) is a number word for a group of animals. Livestock is a group of animals being raised for food.
Answer: C: raising livestock
Explanation:
The economy of a pastoral society is based on raising livestock.
Pastoral farming refers to a form of farming which involves producing or raising livestock instead of growing crops. The livestock feed on natural grown grass and vegetation. Examples are raising beef cattle, raising wool for sheep, diary farming and so on. Some pastoral farmers grow crops for feeding the livestock. It is also known as livestock farming. Pastoral farmers are called graziers.
Actin-binding proteins influence which of the following activities?A. the disassembly of actin filamentsB. the interactions of actin filaments with each other and other cellular organellesC. the physical properties of actin filamentsD. all of these answers are correct
Answer:
D. all of these answers are correct
Explanation:
Actin binding proteins are responsible for the regulation of cytoskeletal microfilaments.
Actin binding proteins have the function to
1. Maintain the population of actin monomers,
2. regulate the polymerization of filaments
3. bind to and block the growing ends of actin filaments
4. assembly actin
5. bind to the sides of actin filaments
7. cross-link actin filaments
______ is a source of genetic variation that refers to a random error in the genetic code.
Explain why the force of gravity will allow you to extend your forearm even if the triceps brachii is not functioning
Answer:
Gravity does not depend on triceps brachii to work, it is automatic, thereby it shall enable extension of the arm.
Explanation:
Gravitational pull present on earth is a force that pushes all objects downwards.
Since it applies to all objects present on earth including human beings, it shall still act on the arm thereby enabling one to extend their arms.
The triceps shall only be needed to controll the extension in terms of distance and speed.
In the absence of functioning triceps brachii, the force of gravity can extend your forearm as the biceps contracts and lifts, decreasing the arm's torque. However, in practice, other muscles may aid in this process.
Explanation:The physics of the human body explain why the force of gravity can extend your forearm even if the triceps brachii is not functioning. The biceps and the triceps in your arm work as opposing forces to either close or open your limb. In this case, when the triceps are not functioning, your forearm can still be extended with the force of gravity acting on your arm. Muscles can only contract, allowing your forearm to rise when your biceps contract and decrease in size. The angle at which the biceps contracts also changes the exerted force. As your forearm lifts, it draws closer to the elbow, reducing the torque on your arm from the weight, and gravity does the rest of the work.
However, it is worth noting that muscles work in pairs - the biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis all take part in flexing the forearm while the role of extending it is typically performed by the triceps. Thus, in practice, even though gravity can perform this action when the triceps brachii is not functioning, other muscles may aid as well.
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Match the following cell structures with their functions.
Plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Cell wall
Vacuoles
Hi, hope this helps :D
Plasma Membrane: protects the cell from its surroundings
Cytoplasm: A clear jelly-like substance that lets everything else in the cell move around
Nucleus: Controls everything in the cell
Mitochondria: Produces energy
Chloroplasts: They have chlorophyll in them, and they’re responsible for photosynthesis
Cell wall: The protective outer layer
Vacuoles: Stores a bunch of nutrients
plasma membrane: protects the cell from inferiors and regulates a passage through the cytoplasm
cytoplasm: material within the living cell, not including the nucleus and it is a clear like substance
nucleus: in control of the cell and forms a basis for its activity and growth throughout the cell
mitochondria: produces energy and a biochemical process of the entire cell
chloroplast: responisble for the photosynthesis and contains chlorophyll
cell wall: a rigid layer on the outside of the entire cell, protecting it from inferiors and consists of mainly cellulose
vacuoles: a space of vesule for holding water and liquid within the plant and stores most of the nutrients within itself
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