Answer:
6
Explanation:
The given electron configuration 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁴.
The valence shell of an atom is the outermost orbit. Here the valence shell is 3 with electrons occupying the s and p orbitals.
The s orbital has 2 electrons and the 3p orbital has 6 electrons. So adding all the electrons in the 3s and 3p orbital we have a total of 6 electrons in the 3rd valence shell.
The number of valence electron in the element is 6 electrons
Valence electron(s) are the electrons located on the outermost shell of an atom.
From the question given above, we obtained:
Electronic configuration => 1s² 2s²2p⁶ 3s²3p⁴
The valence shell is => 3s²3p⁴Total electron in valence shell = 2 + 4
Total electron in valence shell = 6 electronsTherefore, the number of valence electron in the element is 6 electrons.
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What type of contamination occurs if a paint chip falls in soup?
Final answer:
The contamination that occurs from a paint chip falling in soup can be physical but may also lead to chemical contamination if the paint contains lead, which poses serious health risks.
Explanation:
If a paint chip falls into soup, the type of contamination that occurs is called physical contamination, which involves foreign objects entering foodstuffs. However, if the paint is lead-based, this can also lead to chemical contamination, as lead is a toxic substance.
When paint peels and cracks, it creates lead dust that can be hazardous if ingested. Given the risks associated with lead, it is considered a significant public health concern, particularly because lead exposure can cause serious health issues.
The ingestion of lead can be particularly dangerous for children and can lead to numerous health problems, including cognitive impairments.
A reconstituted solution containing 500 mg of ganciclovir in 20 ml of sterile water for injection is added to 500 ml of 5% dextrose in water. the infusion is to be administered over 2 hours. if the infusion set delivers 15 drops/ml, what should the flow rate be to administer the bag over the designated time interval?
Sodium hydrogen carbonate is used as a deodorant. Express your answer as a chemical formula.?
Write the balanced chemical equations for the complete combustion of acetic acid (ch3cooh), the main active ingredient in vinegar.
The balanced chemical equation for the complete combustion of acetic acid (CH3COOH) is CH3COOH(l) + 2 O2(g)
ightarrow 2 CO2(g) + 2 H2O(l), which indicates the complete conversion of acetic acid to carbon dioxide and water.
Balanced Chemical Equation for the Combustion of Acetic Acid
The complete combustion of acetic acid (CH3COOH) involves its reaction with oxygen (O2) to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) as products. The balanced chemical equation is as follows:
CH3COOH(l) + 2 O2(g)
ightarrow 2 CO2(g) + 2 H2O(l)
This reaction shows the acetic acid undergoing complete combustion in the presence of excess oxygen, ensuring all carbon is converted to carbon dioxide and all hydrogen to water, with no other products formed.
Ionization of Acetic Acid
Additionally, acetic acid can ionize in solution:
CH3COOH(aq)
ightleftharpoons H+(aq) + CH3COO
-(aq)
Because acetic acid is a weak acid, this ionization is not complete, and an equilibrium is established, favoring the reactant side. This illustrates the weak acidic nature of acetic acid in an aqueous solution.
The chemical equation that is balanced to allow acetic acid to burn completely ([tex]CH_3COOH[/tex]) is [tex]\text{CH}_3\text{COOH} + 2 \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{CO}_2 + 2 \text{H}_2\text{O}[/tex].
The complete combustion of acetic acid ([tex]CH_3COOH[/tex]), the main active ingredient in vinegar, can be represented by a balanced chemical equation. In combustion reactions, a compound reacts with oxygen ([tex]O_2[/tex]) to produce carbon dioxide ([tex]CO_2[/tex]) and water ([tex]H_2O[/tex]).
Step 1: Write the unbalanced equation[tex]\text{CH}_3\text{COOH} + \text{O}_2 \rightarrow \text{CO}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O}[/tex]
Step 2: Balance the carbon atomsSince acetic acid contains two carbon atoms, we require two [tex]CO_2[/tex] molecules:
[tex]\text{CH}_3\text{COOH} + \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{CO}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O}[/tex]
Step 3: Balance the hydrogen atomsThere are 4 hydrogen atoms in acetic acid, so we need 2 [tex]H_2O[/tex] molecules:
[tex]\text{CH}_3\text{COOH} + \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{CO}_2 + 2 \text{H}_2\text{O}[/tex]
Step 4: Balance the oxygen atomsOn the right side, there are 4 oxygen atoms in 2 [tex]CO_2[/tex] and 2 oxygen atoms in 2 [tex]H_2O[/tex], totaling 6 oxygen atoms. On the reactant side, we have 2 oxygen atoms in 1 acetic acid molecule and need 4 more from [tex]O_2[/tex], so we need 2 [tex]O_2[/tex] molecules:
[tex]\text{CH}_3\text{COOH} + 2 \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{CO}_2 + 2 \text{H}_2\text{O}[/tex]
The final balanced equation is:
[tex]\text{CH}_3\text{COOH} + 2 \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{CO}_2 + 2 \text{H}_2\text{O}[/tex]
A substance that decreases hand increases ph when it dissociates in water is called
"if the average global intake of vegetables is 2,300 calories per day, how many liters of water are needed to produce these vegetable calories"
How does fluorine (F) differ from iodine (I)?
What does the atomic number of an element represent?
Answer:
The atomic number represents or stands for the distinct identity of a chemical element. It is usually defined as the number or protons present in an atom of an element, which is also equal to the number of electrons.
Explanation:
Give the name of the element that is a member of the alkali metal family whose most stable ion contains 2 electrons.
The name of the element that is a member of the alkali metal family whose most stable ion contains 2 electrons is "Ba (barium).
What is element?A pure substance made up entirely of atoms with almost the identical count of protons in respective nuclei was known as an element.
It is known that Ba element can form +2 oxidation state very easily which belongs to the group 1.
Therefore, the name of the element that is a member of the alkali metal family whose most stable ion contains 2 electrons is "Ba (barium).
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The stomach lining is made up of deep muscular grooves. How do you think these structures help the stomach to break down food
A solution that is 0.20 m in hcho2 and 0.15 m in nacho2 find ph
The pH of a buffer solution such as the one presented, made of a weak acid and its salt, is calculated using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. However, without the Ka value (acid dissociation constant) for the weak acid, the exact pH cannot be calculated.
Explanation:This question is relating to the concept of buffer solutions in chemistry, particularly the pH calculation of a buffer solution made from a weak acid (HCHO2) and its salt (NaCHO2). The pH of a buffer solution is calculated using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, which is pH = pKa + log ([A-]/[HA]). That said, the exact pH cannot be calculated without the given Ka (acid dissociation constant) value for HCHO2. However, with the PH and Ka values, one would substitute the values in the equation to obtain the final pH of the solution.
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To find the pH of a solution containing 0.20 M HCHO₂ and 0.15 M NaCHO₂, use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. Given the pKa of 3.75 for formic acid, the pH is calculated to be approximately 3.63.
Calculating the pH of a Solution Containing HCHO₂ and NaCHO₂
To determine the pH of a solution that is 0.20 M in HCHO₂ and 0.15 M in NaCHO₂, we can use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
pH = pKa + log ([A⁻]/[HA])
For formic acid (HCOOH, also denoted as HCHO₂), the pKa is approximately 3.75.
Step-by-Step Calculation:
Identify the concentration of the acid (HCHO₂) and its conjugate base (CHO₂⁻, provided by NaCHO₂).
Substitute the values into the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
Given: [HCHO₂] = 0.20 M, [NaCHO₂] = 0.15 M, pKa = 3.75
pH = 3.75 + log (0.15 / 0.20)
3. Calculate the log term:
log (0.15 / 0.20) = log (0.75) ≈ -0.125
4. Add the terms together:
pH = 3.75 - 0.125 = 3.625
Therefore, the pH of the solution is approximately 3.63.
Isotopes of an element will always differ in .
A sample of dolomitic limestone containing only caco3 and mgco3 was analyzed.
a.when a 0.2800 gram sample of this limestone was decomposed by heating, 75.0 milliliters of co2 at 750 mmhg and 20 degrees celcius were evovled. how many grams of co2 were produced.
b.write the equations for the decomposition of both carbonates described above.
c.it was also determined that the initial sample contained 0.0488 gram of calcium. what percent of the limestone by mass was caco3?
d.how many grams of the magnesium- containing product were present in the sample in (a) after it had been heated?
To find the amount of CO2 produced from the limestone sample, apply the ideal gas law to convert the given volume and conditions to moles and subsequently to grams. Decomposition equations for CaCO3 and MgCO3 are provided. The percentage of limestone as CaCO3 and the mass of magnesium-containing product after decomposition are calculated using the given sample data.
Explanation:Calculations and Concepts Based on Dolomitic Limestone AnalysisA sample of dolomitic limestone containing only CaCO3 and MgCO3 was analyzed. When a 0.2800-gram sample was decomposed by heating, certain measurements of CO2 were recorded. To calculate the grams of CO2 produced, we would convert the volume of CO2 gas given in milliliters to liters, use the ideal gas law PV = nRT to find the number of moles of CO2, and then convert those moles to grams using the molar mass of CO2.
The decomposition reactions for both carbonates would be as follows:
To find the percentage of the limestone that was CaCO3, the mass of calcium in CaCO3 is used in ratio with the total mass of the sample:
Percentage of CaCO3 = (mass of Ca in CaCO3 / total mass of the sample) * 100%
The mass of the magnesium-containing product (MgO) present in the sample after heating can be calculated if the mass of MgCO3 initially present is known, or by subtraction of the mass of CaCO3 decomposed and the CO2 evolved from the original sample mass.
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What is the coefficient for the oxygen molecule in the chemical equation below? 2hgo → 2hg + ? o2?
What element is oxidized in the following reaction? Zn + CuSO4 yields ZnSO4 + Cu
An element is said to be oxidized when they chemically react with an oxygen atom. In the reaction between zinc and copper sulfate, the zinc element is said to be oxidized.
What is oxidation?In a redox reaction the atoms and molecules losses and gains electron to change their oxidation state by completely transferring their electrons to another atom in the reaction mixture.
Oxidation is the process of redox where the atom losses its electron which can be said as an increase in its oxidation number by giving away its electron or by the addition of oxygen.
The balanced reaction is given as,
Zn + CuSO₄ → ZnSO₄ + Cu
Here, the oxidation number of zinc changes from 0 to +2, and of copper from +2 to 0. It can be inferred that zinc got oxidized, while copper got reduced.
Therefore, in the reaction zinc got oxidized.
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Is an element that is soft and easy to cut cleanly with a knife likely to be a metal or a nonmetal?
Final answer:
A soft element that can be cleanly cut with a knife is likely a metal due to metals being malleable and ductile, in contrast to the brittleness of nonmetals.
Explanation:
An element that is soft and can be easily cut with a knife is likely to be a metal. This observation is in line with the known properties of metals. Metals are known to be good conductors of electricity and heat, shiny, silvery, solid, and exhibit malleability which allows them to be hammered or pressed into thin sheets, and ductility which means they can be drawn out into thin wires.
On the other hand, nonmetals are usually brittle in their solid forms and do not have the malleability that metals possess. Based on these definitions and properties, the characteristics of being soft and easily cut suggest that the element in question exhibits metallic properties. Alkali metals, in particular, are known for their softness and can indeed be cut with a simple lab spatula.
According to the transparency how is nitrogen returned to the atmosphere
improvements in which area would help reduce the possibility of damage to the environment when using uranium as a fuel?
Answer:
Improvements in the area of uranium extraction would contribute to reducing the possibility of environmental damage by using uranium as fuel.
Explanation:
Having a uranium rod as a nuclear fuel generating energy in a fission reactor is not simple, it is a complex and costly process since the uranium ore is extracted, generating in its different stages negative environmental impacts through waste and shipments of radioactive material.
Improvements in uranium extraction would significantly reduce the environmental impact of this process, mainly in water.
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Which answer provides the correct name for the following hydrocarbon?
Moving left to right: A hydrocarbon chain made of a methyl group (CH subscript three) single bond methylene (CH subscript two) single bond methylene (CH subscript two) single bond CH subscript two single bond methyl group (CH subscript three) .
It looks like: CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - CH2 - CH3
pentene
pentane
2-pentane
pentyne
Answer: Option (b) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
In the given molecule, there are five carbon atoms attached linearly to each other will single bonds only.
So, it is known that when a compound contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms attached single bondedly to each other then this type of hydrocarbon is known as alkane.
Their general formula is [tex]C_{n}H_{2n+2}[/tex], where n is the number of carbon atoms present. Suffine "ane" is added to the name of alkane.
Thus, we can conclude that name of the given hydrocarbon is pentane.
Which alkane is the isomer of butane called 2-methylpropane?
Answer:
Its B
Explanation:
What is the molecular weight of one mole of H2CO3? g/mole
Answer:
The answer to the question is 62.026.
Which element has a reddish color in a gas and liquid state?
When discussing acids and bases, any substance that donates a proton, by definition, is considered a(n)
a. arrhenius acid.
b. arrhenius base.
c. brønsted-lowry acid.
d. brønsted-lowry base?
Calculate the mass of two moles of kbr
Which substance listed below is a polar molecule? all of the compounds nh41+ sicl4 cl2o none of the compounds?
Answer:
[tex]NH_4^+[/tex] and [tex]SiCl_4[/tex]
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, in order to know whether a molecule is polar or not, the difference between the electronegativities of the bonding elements must be within the rank 0.7 and 1.6. In this manner, such difference is computed as follows for the given compounds:
- [tex]NH_4^+[/tex] --> [tex]\Delta E=3.0-2.1=0.9[/tex]
- [tex]SiCl_4[/tex] --> [tex]\Delta E=3.0-1.8=1.2[/tex]
- [tex]Cl_2O[/tex] --> [tex]\Delta E=3.5-3.0=0.5[/tex]
In such a way, both [tex]NH_4^+[/tex] and [tex]SiCl_4[/tex] are polar molecules unlike [tex]Cl_2O[/tex] which is apolar.
Best regards.
Among the provided options, Cl2O is the polar molecule due to an uneven distribution of electron charge resulting from the difference in electronegativity between Oxygen and Chlorine atoms.
Explanation:In the given list, Cl2O (Dichlorine monoxide) is the polar molecule. A molecule is polar when it has an uneven distribution of electron charge resulting in regions of partially positive and partially negative charges. In Cl2O, oxygen is more electronegative than chlorine thus the shared electrons are more attracted towards the oxygen atom, creating a dipole, and thus making the molecule polar.
Additional InformationSiCl4 (Silicon tetrachloride) is a nonpolar molecule because the four Chlorine (Cl) atoms are evenly distributed around the Silicon (Si) atom, ensuring a balanced charge. As for NH4^+ (Ammonium), it is an ion, not a molecule, so it is not eligible for being polar or nonpolar.
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In atomic science, the z number refers to the number of __________ in the nucleus of an atom.
How many kilowatt-hours of electricity are used to produce 4.50 kg of magnesium in the electrolysis of molten mgcl2 with an applied emf of 5.00 v?
The kilowatt-hours of electricity are used to produce 4.50 kg of magnesium in the electrolysis of molten MgCl₂ with an applied emf of 5.00 v is 49.63 kW-h. It can be find by knowing the half reaction of magnesium.
What is Half Reaction ?A half reaction is either the oxidation or reduction reaction component of a redox reaction.
Let's determine the half reaction of magnesium ;
Mg²⁺ + 2e- => Mg
Given the mass of magnesium metal that is produced, we calculate the total charge of the electrolysis by the relations we can get from the half reaction. We do as follows :
4.50 kg Mg ( 1000 g / 1 kg ) ( 1 mol / 24.305 g ) ( 2 mol e- / 1 mol Mg ) (96500 C / 1 mol e-) = 35733388.2 C
We are given the applied EMF in units of V. This value is equal to J/C. So, 5 V is equal to 5 J/C.
35733388.2 C (5 J/C) = 178666941 J
178666941 J ( 1 kW-h / 3.6x10^6 J ) = 49.63 kW-h
Hence, The kilowatt-hours of electricity are used to produce 4.50 kg of magnesium in the electrolysis of molten MgCl₂ with an applied emf of 5.00 v is 49.63 kW-h.
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A molecule in which the central atom has no lone pairs and forms four single bonds is said to have a ________ shape.
Answer: tetrahedral
Explanation:
Hybridization is calculated using the Lewis dot structures of all the compounds.
Formula used to calculate the number of atomic orbitals around central metal atom is:
Number of atomic orbitals around central metal atom = Number of bond pairs + Number of lone pairs
Bond pairs for a double bond and triple bond is taken as 1 only.
Given: Number of bond pairs = 4
Number of lone pairs = 0
If Number of atomic orbitals around central metal atom are 4 , the hybridization is [tex]sp^3[/tex] and electron domain geometry is tetrahedral.
The number of moles of oxygen gas needed to react with 4.0 moles of mg is
For 4.0 moles of magnesium to react completely, 2.0 moles of oxygen gas are needed, as per the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical reaction between magnesium and oxygen.
Explanation:The number of moles of oxygen gas needed to react with 4.0 moles of magnesium can be determined by using the balanced chemical reaction: 2Mg(s) + O₂(g) → 2MgO(s). This equation tells us that two moles of magnesium react with one mole of molecular oxygen to form magnesium oxide. Therefore, if you have 4.0 moles of magnesium, you will need 2.0 moles of oxygen gas to fully react with all the magnesium.
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Which product of the oxidation of ethanol causes many of the symptoms of the "morning-after hangover"?