The process of _______ causes rocks to change composition when reacting with oxygen

Answer: D) Atmospheric carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, would cause rising ocean temperatures, which will cause an increase in evaporation. The added water vapor would further increase global warming.

Explanation: usatestprep approved

Physical damage to the lamina propria will probably result in nosebleeds.

The lamina propria, is a thin layer of connective tissue,and  is part of the mucosa. It contains small blood vessels.

NOT pseudoscientific, because people have made claims about it but scientific observations have not been made

Answer:

Scientific

Explanation:

There are hundreds of scientific studies on Meditation.

Here are some benefits already proven by scientific studies:

explain the question more so i know what you mean and i can help

found in areas near bodies of water

forms when the ground warms at night after a cool, dry day

extends up to 10 miles into the sky

forms at or near the ground

Answer:

Everything except A

Answer:

The answer is ectoderm. The mesoderm is the middle layer of lining. The endoderm is the innermost layer. You can remember it by:

Endo/ sounds like inner

Meso/ M for middle

Ecto/ sounds like exo, bugs have exoskeletons that are on the outside.

Explanation:

Answer:

e) Sons and daughters have equal probabilities in inheriting a recessive allele of an X-linked gene from their mother, but only sons can inherit rare Y-linked genetic disorders from their father.

Explanation:

Females have two copies of the X chromosome and males have only one X chromosome (one Y chromosome). Because of that X-linked recessive diseases are more common among males than females (males need only one copy to have disease, females with one copy are carriers).  

For example, if a mother is a carrier (has only one allele that is associated with disease), she can transmit either the X chromosome with the mutation or an unaffected X chromosome to her children. If the father is unaffected, all of the daughters will be unaffected—since they will inherit at least one normal X chromosome from their father. But, son can be affected, because he inherits Y chromosome from father and can inherit affected X chromosome from mother.

X-linked genes differ from Y-linked genes in several ways, including the inheritance patterns and the types of characteristics they affect.

X-linked genes differ from Y-linked genes in the following ways:

False. Prokaryotes dont have a nucleus but a similar structure called a nucleoid. Only eukaryotes have a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles.

The answer is false because

The correct answers are:

- Faults form in the lithosphere;

- Plates slide in opposite directions;

The transform plate boundaries are plate boundaries where the two or more plates are sliding past each other, moving in opposite directions. Because of the sliding, a lot of pressure is created on the plate boundary, so the earthquakes are a common occurrence. Also, something that is a characteristic of this type of plate boundary are the faults, to be more specific, transform faults. The transform faults are parallel to the plate boundary, and it can be a single one, or multiple faults parallel to one another. Their depth also can vary, from few meters to several tens of meters, or even more.

Answer:

C and E are the correct options for this question

    good luck (:

the answer will be either a or b

The letter combinations GG, GB, Gb, gB, gb, BB, Bb represent different genetic combinations, or genotypes, that can result from the pairing of alleles received from parents. Dominant alleles are represented by capitalized letters (G, B) and recessive alleles by lowercase letters (g, b). The combinations influence the genetic traits of an organism.

This question appears to involve terms related to genetics and inheritance. GG, GB, Gb, gB, gb are all examples of genetic increases involving two alleles. In genetics, the combination of these two alleles, inherited from parents, makes the genotype of an organism. GG, BB, Bb, gb, GB, Gb, gB represent the various combinations possible from parents' genotypes.

For example, if G and B represent dominant alleles and g and b represent recessive alleles, then GG or BB would be homozygous dominant, bb or gb would be homozygous recessive, and GB, Gb, gB would be heterozygous. These combinations determine the genetic traits of the offspring.

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The correct answer is: C) the extraction of energy from high-energy electrons remaining from glycolysis and the citric acid cycle

Electrons from electron carriers (NADH and FADH from glycolysis and citric acid cycle) donate electrons to the electron transport chain and that causes changes in protein complexes of electron transport chain. As a consequence, protein complexes pump H+ across a selectively permeable cell membrane from the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space of mitochondria.  H+ can only get back and pass through the inner mitochondrial membrane with the help of ATP synthase (down their electrochemical gradient). ATP synthase turned by the force of the H+ diffusing through it forms ATP by adding a phosphate to ADP. This type of ATP synthesis  is called oxidative phosphorylation and it is based on chemiosmosis-movement of ions across a selectively permeable membrane.

Answer is C) thylakoids... stroma

The interconnected sacs within a chloroplast's inner membrane are called thylakoids, and they are suspended in a thick fluid known as the stroma. Thylakoids are essential for photosynthesis, forming stacks called grana, while the stroma facilitates the synthesis of carbohydrates.

The answer to the question 'Within the inner membrane of a chloroplast, interconnected sacs of membrane called ______ are suspended in a thick fluid called the ______.' is C) thylakoids… stroma. Like mitochondria, chloroplasts also have the distinguishing feature of outer and inner membranes. The inner membrane encloses a set of interconnected and stacked fluid-filled membrane sacs known as thylakoids. These thylakoids are grouped into stacks called granum (plural = grana). The thick fluid that is found surrounding the grana and within the inner membrane is called the stroma. The thylakoid membranes are critical for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, while the stroma houses the enzymes necessary for the synthesis of carbohydrates during the light-independent reactions, commonly known as the Calvin cycle.

Within the inner membrane of a chloroplast, interconnected sacs of membrane called thylakoids are suspended in a thick fluid called the stroma. Each stack of thylakoids is called a grana. This arrangement allows for the efficient capture and conversion of light energy during photosynthesis.

The correct answer is: B) sexual recombination

Sources of genetic variation are different:

• Genetic mutations-random and rare events that occur within the genome and contribute to variations among individuals (or population). Mutations might be neutral, harmful or beneficial when they form new alleles favored by natural selection.

• Crossing over (genetic recombination)-event that occur during the meiosis (cell division that creates gamets)

• Random segregation during meiosis

• Random fertilization

• External source such as transposable genetic elements or retroviruses.

Cytokensis is the physical process of cell division. It divides the cytoplasm of a parental cell into two different daughter cells.

In plants, a cell wall forms. Cytokensis occurs in mitosis and meiosis. The objective for cytokensis is to divide the parent cell into two daughter cells. So cytokensis in plants is when a cell wall forms in between the daughter cells. Plant cells have walls, so they CANNOT divide using a cleavage furrow. A cell plate forms across the cell during telophase.

In animal cells, cleavage furrow forms. This pinches the cell in half and forms two different cells.  

A cleavage furrow is an indentation that appears in the cells surface when the cell is preparing to divide.

So, let's review our options:

A: Animal cells get pinched into two daughter cells by the cell membrane; the plant cell has to form a cell plate before it can create daughter cells.

This would be the correct answer. The only main difference between animal cell cytokensis vs plant cell cytokensis is the cell wall that animal cells lack. Animal cells get pinched into two daughter cells, by the cleavage furrow in the cell membrane, while the plant cell has to form a cell plate before it can create daughter cells.

B: Animal cells give daughter cells a full set of chromosomes at the time of division; plant cells give daughter cells a half set of chromosomes. .

This can be disproven. In meosis, a cell divides into four cells that have half the number of chromosomes. In mitosis, all chromosomes are kept. Both Plant & Animal cells both reproduce using both both meosis and mitosis, so this option is irrelevant.

C: Animal cells require an extra grow phase before cytokensis; plant cells move straight to cytokensis.

Both animal cells and plant cells have the same amount of "grow phases" before cytokensis. This option is irrelevant.

D: Animal cells begin cytokensis during anaphase, plant cells begin around the same time as telophase.

They both begin during the same time. This option is also irrelevant.

Animal cells undergo cytokinesis through the pinching of the cell membrane, while plant cells form a cell plate to divide the cytoplasm. Animal cells provide daughter cells with a full set of chromosomes, while plant cells give daughter cells a half set of chromosomes. Animal cells require an extra growth phase and begin cytokinesis during anaphase, while plant cells move straight to cytokinesis and begin around telophase.

In animal cells, cytokinesis occurs by the pinching of the cell membrane, forming a constriction known as the cleavage furrow. On the other hand, plant cells form a cell plate that eventually develops into a cell wall, dividing the cytoplasm into two daughter cells.

Additionally, animal cells provide each daughter cell with a full set of chromosomes, while plant cells give each daughter cell a half set of chromosomes.

Moreover, animal cells require an extra growth phase before cytokinesis, while plant cells directly transition to cytokinesis. In animal cells, cytokinesis begins during anaphase, while plant cells start cytokinesis around the same time as telophase.

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Root tip cells are fast growing cells, it is due to them that the root can grow and lengthen.

What is interesting about the observation of these cells is that we can observe all the phases of the life of the cell. Given its rapid division, we can observe the different phases of mitosis which are prophase ( condensation of chromatin), metaphase (alignment of chromosomes on the equatorial plate), anaphase (separation of sister chromatids), telophase (formation of both nuclei) and cytokinesis (separation of nuclei and division of cytosol in two).

An interesting observation in the onion root tip cells is the visible stages of cell growth and development from division to differentiation. This area is rich in growth factors, regulating rapid cell division at the tip, and presents an excellent model to study cellular lifecycle.

One interesting observation that could be made while looking at the onion root tip cells is the clear and organized progression of cell division, or mitosis. In the root tip of the onion, there are different zones visible under the microscope, each representing a different stage of cellular development.

Cell division is primarily observed in the apical meristem, which is a region at the tip of the root. Beyond the apical meristem, cell elongation takes place, which is an essential process of growth. Furthermore away from the root tip, cell specialization or maturation occurs, where the cells differentiate to perform various functions such as transport or support. Hence, the onion root tip serves as a perfect model to understand plant growth and cellular differentiation.

This can be a particularly interesting observation to make as one can view the entire life cycle of a cell from birth to specialization in a small section of an onion's root. Furthermore, another interesting observation is the presence of growth factors near the root tip which regulate the cell division, which might explain why mitosis occurs so rapidly and frequently in that area.

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Answer:

Similarities:

Differences:

Four different creatures' embryonic development is depicted in the diagram to the right at various stages. All individuals in the diagram are shown to be of the same species. So, the correct option is A.

An unborn child is referred to as an embryo. It is the living thing that resides in a woman's womb. A baby is in this stage of development. Many species have various developmental stages, and each has its own terminology.

Embryonic growth is the process through which a baby grows inside the womb or an egg until it is completely formed and ready to emerge into the outside world. The embryonic stages in this instance are of the same species. There are a lot of parallels as the evolution is depicted in the diagram.

Therefore, the correct option is A.

Learn more about embryos, here:

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Your question is incomplete, most probably the complete question is:

The diagrams to the right represent stages in the

embryonic development of four organisns. The similarities

in embryonic development shown in the diagram suggest

that these organisms(thats the diagram above)

(1.) are all members of the same species

(2.) all undergo external development

(3.) may have evolved from a common ancestor

(4.) have adaptations for the same environment as adults

In the diagram, the fish and salamander are likely to be the most closely related by evolution. Their embryos look similar at early stages of development.

The two species that are likely to be the most closely related by evolution in the diagram are fish and salamander. According to Figure 9.3.4, the embryos of different vertebrates look much more similar at early stages of development than the animals do at later stages. Therefore, the fish and salamander, which are in the same row in the diagram and have similar embryonic development, are likely to be the most closely related by evolution.

Answer:

Option 3.

Explanation:

Diploid cells have paired sets of chromosome  and their chromosome number is represented by 2n. Haploid cells contains single chromosomes  and their chromosome number is represented by n.

For example human somatic cells are diploid and contains cells 23 pairs of chromosomes or 46 number of chromosomes. Human gametes (sex cells)  are haploid cells and consists of 23 number of chromosomes.

Thus, the correct answer is option 3.

Final answer:

Primary consumers, usually herbivores, get their carbon from eating producers like plants, which make organic compounds through photosynthesis.

Explanation:

Primary consumers obtain their carbon from the organic compounds present in producers such as plants or photosynthetic bacteria. These primary consumers, which are typically herbivores, ingest the producers and break down the carbon compounds via respiration, especially aerobic respiration, which requires oxygen and releases carbon dioxide. The organic compounds that primary consumers feed on are originally synthesized by producers through the process of photosynthesis, using carbon dioxide from the atmosphere or in dissolved forms, like bicarbonate in water bodies.

Protein deficiency is caused by the small amount of protein you eat to maintain normal body function. Not consuming enough protein can cause muscle cramping, weakness and soreness and hair loss too. Beans are the best to eat whenever it is possible. If you're vegan, then 2 cups of carrots are the best too.

So choice B

Final answer:

Nina should include beans in her diet to address her protein deficiency, as they are high in protein and offer additional health benefits. Other protein-rich foods she might consider are lean meats, poultry, eggs, seafood, nuts, and seeds.

Explanation:

Nina, who is suffering from protein deficiency, would benefit from incorporating foods into her diet that are rich in protein to help address her nutritional needs. Of the options provided (rice, beans, carrot, lettuce), beans are the best choice as they are a good source of protein, particularly for individuals who may not consume meat. Beans, as part of the legume family, not only provide protein but also essential fibers, vitamins, and minerals that are beneficial for overall health.

Rice, carrots, and lettuce provide other nutrients but are not as high in protein. Hence, for someone like Nina who requires an increase in dietary protein, beans are recommended. Additionally, other protein-rich foods that Nina might consider include lean meats, poultry, eggs, seafood, nuts, seeds, and soy products. These foods provide varying amounts of protein along with other important nutrients.

While meat, eggs, and dairy products are known for their high protein content, it's important to note that there are also many plant-based proteins that can help to fulfill dietary requirements. These include not only beans but also lentils, peas, whole grains, and soy products. These foods can be particularly useful for vegetarians or those looking to reduce their meat consumption without compromising on their protein intake.

Oxygen moves in the sequence   5, 3, 1  as shown by option C

How does oxygen move through the circulatory system?

During inhalation, oxygen first enters the lungs where it diffuses across the alveoli into the bloodstream, starting the journey through the circulatory system. Oxygenated blood is pumped by the left ventricle through the systemic circulation and reaches tissues through capillaries after attaching to hemoglobin in red blood cells.

While deoxygenated blood, which contains carbon dioxide, returns to the heart and is pumped to the lungs for gas exchange, oxygen is released for cellular use in capillaries. This dynamic process makes sure that cells always have oxygen to use and makes it easier to get rid of waste carbon dioxide.

DNA to 8. the genetic blueprint for all cells

Nucleus to 5. acts as the "brain" of a cell

Connective cells to 9. tendons, blood, and fat are examples of these cells.

Epithelial tissues to 6. designed to regulate temperature, secrete lubricants, and protect the body from harmful substances.

Cytoplasm to 7. fluid like substance in a cell

Organelles to 3. structures that perform special functions within a cell

These are the only ones I know.

Answer:

1. the basic structural unit of the body

7

cytoplasm

2. organs working together to perform a specific bodily function

9

connective cells

3. structures that perform special functions within a cell

2

system

4. tissues that work together to perform a specific bodily function

8

DNA

5. acts as the "brain" of a cell

4

organs

6. designed to regulate temperature, secrete lubricants, and protect the body from harmful substances

5

nucleus

7. fluid-like substance inside a cell

1

cells

8. the genetic blueprint for all cells

6

epithelial tissues

9. tendons, blood, and fat are examples of these

3

organelles

Explanation:

Thanks

The right option is; D

Establishment of communities in newly formed environments, such as volcanic lava flows or sand bars, is called primary succession. Development of new communities in disturbed environments, such as a burned or clear cut forest, is called secondary succession.

Primary succession is a type of ecological succession (changes) which occurs when communities of organisms establish new habitat in areas that are not capable of sustaining life due to various events such as volcanic lava flows, sand bars, oil spills, flooding, and landslides.

Secondary succession occurs when a smaller scale disturbance such as forest fire affect a stable existing ecosystem. Such disturbances support the reappearance of life because it does not remove all organisms and nutrients from the existing ecosystem.  

Answer:

D. primary succession, secondary succession

Explanation:

The correct answer is: 24 chromosmes.

Mitosis is the cell division of somatic cells (all cells except gametes) in which mother cell produce two identical daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as she had.

During the S phase of interphase, replication occurs and the genetic material of a cell is duplicated. There are still 24 chromosomes but they exist in a X shape structure-two sister chromatids (genetically identical). So, there are 24 chromosomes, but 48 chromatids. Sister chromatids separate during the anaphase of mitosis and each chromatid is then considered a separate, individual chromosome. After division and cytokinesis, the normal chromosome number is restored to the cell.  

The issue with genetically engineered food crops is C: INCREASING ONE QUALITY IN A FOOD CROP MAY DEGRADE OTHER QUALITIES

Answer: B). Increasing one quality in a food crop may degrade other qualities.  

Explanation:

Genetically engineered food crops are those crops whose DNA is manipulated so as to produce desire effect in them. The manipulations are done so as to induce characteristics such as drought and pest resistance, increase in yield and quality of the food products.

Except the above mentioned improvement, some issues are also associated with the genetically engineered food crops. The one is improving one quality, will degrade the other. As, the induced genes may suppress the effect of other expressive genes in the organism.

Answer:

acetyl CoA

Explanation:

The break down of free fatty acid or fatty acid degradation is the process in which fatty acids are broken down into their basic metabolites. The process of degradation includes three steps:

1. Lipolysis of fat stores of and release of free fatty acids from adipose tissue

2. Process of activation and transport into mitochondria catalyzed by the enzyme fatty acyl-CoA synthetase.

3. β-oxidation-formation of final product - acetyl-CoA which is the entry molecule for the citric acid cycle.

1) Flippases  

d. Translocate lipids from outer (extracellular) leaflet to inner (cytosolic) leaflet

They are ATP dependent enzymes and they translocate phospholipids against a concentration gradient.  

2) Floppases

f. Move phospolipids from inner (cytoplasmic) leaflet to outer (extracellular) leaflet

c. ABC transporter

They move substrates such as phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol against their concentration gradient.

3) Scramblases

a. Not ATP-dependent

b. Activation may result in increased membrane lipid symmetry

e. Translocate phosphatidylserine, preventing apoptosis and engulfment by macrophages

g. Move phospohlipids across the lipid bilayer down the concentration gradient

Their enzymatic activity is bidirectional and depends on the calcium concentration.

Answer:

C

Explanation:

Iodine is used to test for starches. When iodine is placed in a solution with starch (non-reducing sugars) it turns blue-black color. When amylase, a starch, is mixed with saliva, it is ‘digested’ to glucose, a reducing sugar (the brown colour of the aqueous solution remains).  

Final answer:

The absence of a blue color with iodine when amylose reacts with saliva is due to amylase breaking amylose into shorter chains and glucose, which cannot trap iodine. So the correct option is c.

Explanation:

The question asks why there is no blue color with iodine when amylose reacts with saliva. The reason there is no blue color is that the amylase in saliva causes the amylose chain to break into short chains and eventually into glucose, which does not coil and thus cannot trap iodine. This occurs through the chemical digestion process, where the enzyme amylase breaks down the long starch molecules into smaller sugar molecules, disrupting the coil structure necessary for the characteristic blue-violet color to appear when amylose complexes with iodine.