The relation between amino acid and polypeptide is similar to the relation between NUCLEOTIDE and NUCLEIC ACID.
The primary structure of the polypeptide chain is composed of 20 different classes of amino acids held together by peptide bonds.Thus, amino acids represent the building blocks of polypeptides (i.e., proteins).In a similar way, nucleotides are building blocks of nucleic acids (both DNA and RNA).On the other hand, monosaccharides (e.g., glucose) are building blocks of polysaccharides (e.g., starch).In conclusion, the relation between amino acid and polypeptide is similar to the relation between NUCLEOTIDE and NUCLEIC ACID.
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The relation between amino acid and polypeptide is similar a leading to a longer chain.
Explanation:The relation between amino acid and polypeptide is similar to the relation between monosaccharide and polysaccharide in carbohydrates. Just like amino acids are the building blocks of polypeptides, monosaccharides are the building blocks of polysaccharides. Both amino acids and monosaccharides can link together through specific bonds to form longer chains.
Why is calculating height from bone length useful to a forensic pathologist?
Which organic compound has this component? dna carbohydrates lipids nucleic acids proteins?
DNA, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and proteins are organic compounds that are fundamental to life. Each serves distinct and critical roles in the structure and function of living organisms. The core component of all these compounds is carbon, which allows for their complex structures.
Explanation:The components you mentioned belong to the class of organic compounds which are crucial for life. Let's dissect each one:
DNA: It is a type of nucleic acid composed of monomers called nucleotides, crucial for carrying and retaining hereditary information in a cell.Carbohydrates: These are organic compounds consisting mainly of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms and are primary sources of energy.Lipids: These are organic compounds that are fatty acids or their derivatives and are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. They are essential parts of living cells.Nucleic acids: These are macromolecules, like DNA and RNA, essential for all known forms of life.Proteins: Organic compounds that are composed of amino acids. They perform a vast array of functions within organisms.The primary component of all these macromolecules or organic compounds is carbon. Carbon's unique properties allow it to form covalent bonds with as many as four different atoms which make it a versatile element serving as the basic structural component or 'backbone' of these macromolecules.
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Coma and death can result when a loss of body water exceeds what percentage of total body weight?
Final answer:
Coma and death can occur when body water loss exceeds 10-15% of total body weight, leading to severe dehydration that impairs bodily functions.
Explanation:
Coma and death can result when a loss of body water exceeds approximately 10-15% of total body weight. This severe level of dehydration can impair vital functions, as water is essential for digestion, waste removal, blood circulation, temperature regulation, and cellular chemical reactions. When the body loses more water than it takes in, it experiences a negative water balance, leading to dehydration. Symptoms can escalate rapidly, especially when water loss is heightened due to factors such as fever, diarrhea, vomiting, or excessive sweating. In severe cases where dehydration is not promptly treated, it can lead to life-threatening conditions such as coma or death.
What do water's properties of cohesion, surface tension, and adhesion have in common?
1) All have to do with the ionic bonds between water's atoms.
2) All result from the bonding within the hydrogen atom.
3) All are caused by the low electronegativity of the oxygen atom.
4) All are properties related to the attraction between water molecules.
Cohesion, surface tension, and adhesion are the properties of water. These properties commonly involve bonding with the hydrogen atom. Thus, option 2 is correct.
What are the properties of water?Water is a molecule made of oxygen and hydrogen atoms and exhibits polarity between the negative and positive charges. It shows various properties that include adhesion, cohesion, and surface tension.
The hydrogen atom bonds to the oxygen and creates cohesion for the surface tension to arise. The adhesive force attracts the water to the other molecules. These properties of the water allow bonding. The adhesion and cohesion forces attract the like and unlike molecules.
Therefore, option 2. cohesion, surface tension, and adhesion all result from hydrogen bonding in the water molecule.
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Nutrients most likely to be deficient in an adolescent's diet are __________.
Cells can generate as many as 36 to 38 molecules of adenosine triphosphate (atp) from the metabolism of one molecule of glucose. which cellular process results in this amount of atp production?
Answer:
Aerobic cellular respiration
Explanation:
Living organisms undergo a metabolic (catabolic) process in which they use to produce the usable form of energy required by their cells for performing vital functions. This process is called CELLULAR RESPIRATION. Cellular respiration is the biochemical process by which cells breakdown organic molecules (glucose) to yield ATP (energy), CO2 and water. Organisms consume food, process them via digestion and absorbs high energy storing sugar molecules (glucose) in their cells. They breakdown this molecules and use the freed energy to power their movement and physiological functioning.
This process of cellular respiration can either occur in the presence of oxygen (aerobic) or without oxygen (anaerobic). The aerobic respiration which occurs in the cytosol of prokaryotes and both the mitochondria and cytosol of eukaryotes consists of Glycolysis, Kreb's cycle and Oxidative phosphorylation. The overall process results in the production of 38 ATP molecules in prokaryotic cells and 36 ATP molecules in eukaryotic cells.
N.B: The lost 2 ATP molecules is used to transport the intermediate substances to the mitochondria in eukaryotic cells.
The cellular process that results in the production of 36 to 38 molecules of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from the metabolism of one molecule of glucose is cellular respiration, specifically aerobic respiration.
Aerobic respiration is the metabolic process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide, water, and ATP. It occurs in the presence of oxygen and involves three main stages: glycolysis, the citric acid cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle), and the electron transport chain.
During glycolysis, which takes place in the cytoplasm, one molecule of glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate. This process generates a small amount of ATP and NADH.
The pyruvate molecules then enter the mitochondria, where they undergo the citric acid cycle. In this cycle, each pyruvate is further broken down, releasing carbon dioxide and producing ATP, NADH, and FADH2.
The final stage, the electron transport chain, occurs on the inner mitochondrial membrane. The NADH and FADH2 generated in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle donate electrons, which are passed through a series of protein complexes. This transfer of electrons drives the synthesis of a large amount of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
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What is the difference between descriptive or inferential statistics?
Adaptations may occur when
an individual needs to survive a dangerous situation
an individual wants to attract a mate
a species wants to move to a new environment
a trait is advantageous and is passed through generations
The correct answer is D.
D.) a trait is advantageous and is passed through generations
There are different kind of adaptations that occur in the life of organisms. Adaptations actually help organism to blend with their environment and are necessary for the their survival. When organisms found a trait useful for them, they adopt it and with the passage of time they inherit that trait to their off springs.
Tay-sachs disease is a disorder characterized by an accumulation of fatty substances called gangliosides in the brain and spinal cord. one cause of the disease is a mutation in the gene sequence that codes for the enzyme hexosaminidase
a. the enzyme is rendered nonfunctional when a single amino acid—glutamine—is incorporated into the enzyme instead of an arginine. in this scenario, what is the cause of tay-sachs disease?
In most cases, the greatest vulnerability to teratogens occurs during the _____ period of prenatal development.
Final answer:
The embryonic period is the most vulnerable phase for the developing fetus in terms of exposure to teratogens because critical systems and structures are being formed during this time.
Explanation:
In most cases, the greatest vulnerability to teratogens occurs during the embryonic period of prenatal development. This is because during the embryonic stage, which starts at implantation and lasts until the eighth week after fertilization, significant growth and developmental changes take place, including gastrulation, neurulation, and organogenesis. Vital structures such as the neural tube, which later becomes the brain and spinal cord, and the heart, limbs, and eyes, are forming, making this period critical for the development of the fetus.
Teratogens are most dangerous during this period as the foundations for major organ systems are being laid down. Exposure to harmful substances like alcohol can cause devastating defects or abnormal development, evidenced by research indicating that alcohol exposure during days 19 or 20 of gestation can lead to significant facial abnormalities linked to fetal alcohol syndrome (FASD). Therefore, it’s imperative for pregnant individuals to avoid teratogens during this sensitive stage to prevent potential harm to the developing fetus.
Where are rocks being born and transformed today?
what do the letters in each box of the punnett square tell you
Answer: See explanation below
Explanation:
The ones on the outside represent the genes from the parents.
The one on the inside of the box represent the possible combination of genes for the offspring.
Capital letters represent Dominant Genes (R).
Lowercase letters represent Recessive Genes (r).
The letters in each box of a Punnett square represent the possible genetic combinations resulting from a cross.
Explanation:In a Punnett square, the letters in each box represent the possible genetic combinations that can result from a particular cross. These letters represent the alleles, or alternative forms of a gene, contributed by each parent. For example, if the Punnett square is based on a cross between two individuals with different alleles for a given trait, the letters in the boxes will represent the possible combinations of those alleles.
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The maltose molecule can be broken down into two individual glucose molecules with the help of an enzyme produced within a cell. which of the following changes is most likely to slow down this reaction.
A) Adding more maltose molecules
B) Increasing the volume of the cell
C) Adding more of the enzyme
D) Increasing the PH within the cell
Increasing the pH within the cell
The changes that are most likely to slow down this reaction, increasing the PH within the cell. The correct option is D.
What is pH?pH is a measurement technique, which check if a liquid is acidic and basic. The pH is a scale from 0 to 14. The lower pH are acids, and with high pH, liquids are basic.
Thus, the correct option is D) Increasing the PH within the cell.
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Sources of this vitamin include bacterial synthesis in the digestive tract, liver, dark green, leafy vegetables, cabbage-type vegetables and milk.
The cycle in which water is changed and distributed to other areas is called
a. water cycle
c. ocean cylce
b. land cycle
d. none of the above
The correct answer is A) water cycle
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In order to be absorbed, _____ obtained from lecithin needs to be cleaved from its glycerol backbone by pancreatic enzymes.
Feature detectors are specialized cells in the brain that _____.
The ability to detect certain types of stimuli, like movements, shape, and angles, requires specialized cells in the brain called feature detectors.
why does a needle left out in the sun get so much hotter than a bucket of water left out in the sun
Answer:
Due to high specific heat of water than the needle.
Explanation:
The needle is a good conductor of heat. When the sunlight falls on it, it gets heat quickly. In the case of water, it takes more time to get heat. This is because the specific heat of water is more than any other substance. Specific heat is the amount of heat needed for 1gm of substance to get 1-degree Celsius rise in temperature. In water, it takes more time to heat. That's why the ocean, rivers take a long time to get heat than the land which causes sea breezes and land breezes. The water can hold the heat unless every atom of it gets heated. Water uses as the insulator for the heated objects. This is the very reason the water becomes less heat than the needle.
What is a ligand? what do ligands have to do with receptor-mediated endocytosis?
The nurse observes skin tenting on the back of the older adult clients hand. which action by the nurse is most appropriate?
a. notify the physician.
b. examine dependent body areas.
c. assess turgor on the clients forehead.
d. document the finding and continue to monitor.
The healthcare professional tents up the skin between two fingers to check for skin turgor. Checks are frequently made on the lower arm or belly. After being kept for a little while, the skin is released. Thus, option C is correct.
What are the features of skin tenting?Skin turgor in the elderly should be evaluated over the sternum or inner thies, where the skin is less affected by changes due to aging and consequently less delicate, to give more precise information and prevent potential skin harm.
The forehead, chest, and abdomen are areas where older clients' skin turgor status can be more reliably determined.
In addition to the dependent body areas, these should also be evaluated. In lieu of only documenting, monitoring, and informing the doctor, additional assessment is required.
Therefore, to assess turgor on the client's forehead action by the nurse is most appropriate.
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Patches of melanin found on the skin form ________.
What factors affect cell regulation turning replication on and/ or off?
The factors affect cell regulation turning replication on and/ or off are the activation of regulatory proteins called kinases and cyclins and the binding of enzyme called Cdk (Cyclin dependent Kinase)
What is cell regulation?Cell regulation refers to any process that controls the series of events by which a cell undergoes the cell cycle. During the cell cycle, a cell makes a copy of its DNA and other contents, to divide in two by a process called replication. When cell cycle regulation doesn't occurs correctly, cells may divide in an uncontrolled way, resulting into diseases as cancer.
The cell cycle is controlled by a number of protein-controlled feedback processes. Two types of proteins involved in the control of the cell cycle are kinases and cyclins. Cyclins activate kinases by binding to them, specifically they activate cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK).
Thus, from above, the key factors that affect cell regulation turning replication on and/ or off are the activation of regulatory proteins called kinases and cyclins and the binding of enzyme called Cdk.
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What is the maximum rate of dna replication in
e. coli (e.g., the rate at which dna polymerase incorporates new nucleotides into a polynucleotide chain)?
I am an autotrophic organism made of many cells with nucleus. i have a cell wall made of cellulose and have chloroplasts. what kingdom do i belong to?
Final answer:
You belong to the Kingdom Plantae, which includes autotrophic, multicellular, eukaryotic organisms with cell walls made of cellulose and chloroplasts for photosynthesis.
Explanation:
An organism that is autotrophic, made of many cells with a nucleus, has a cell wall made of cellulose, and contains chloroplasts would belong to the Kingdom Plantae.
This kingdom is characterized by organisms that are eukaryotic and multicellular, with cells organized into complex tissues. These organisms use photosynthesis to make their own food, with chlorophyll being the main photosynthetic pigment in the chloroplasts.
Notably, plants store food as starch and undergo both sexual and asexual reproduction. Examples include mosses, ferns, conifers, and flowering plants.
A mutation results in the production of much less dna ligase than normal. what would be a likely consequence?
The enzyme DNA ligase can be defined as the DNA joining enzyme. The DNA ligase joins smaller strands of the DNA making them into one continuous strand. The DNA ligase is responsible for the joining of the okazaki segments, and the repairs in the backbone of the DNA strands. If the levels of the DNA ligase will decrease in a person's body because of a mutation, it will be difficult to repair the DNA and join the okazaki segments and hence, the gene expression will be altered. The packaging of the DNA will be altered too, and the DNA will be present in a person's body in fragments. Hence, the DNA replication will lead to the formation of the multiple small fragments.
When prey produce so many offspring in a short period of time that predators can attack only a fraction of them, it is referred to as:?
This question is about the food web below. what is the energy transfer level from the kangaroo rat to the weasel shown in the food web?
Answer:
Approximately the same as the energy transfer from the meadow mouse to the oppossum
Explanation:
When neuronal connections that are used become stronger and faster, and the neuronal connections that are not used wither away, what is happening?
Why do most scientists believe that all life on earth evolved from a single-celled ancestor?
The two main parts of a wave are the a. swell and whitecap. c. crest and trough. b. wavelength and wave height. d. rise and dip.
Answer:
Option C, Crest and Trough
Explanation:
A wave has two structural parts-
a) Crest - A crest is the lowermost part of the wave
b) Trough – A trough is the uppermost part of the wave
Wavelength in the horizontal distance between the mid points of two crests or two troughs while Wave height is the distance between the lowest and the highest point of a wave.
Thus, it is clear that crest and troughs are the essential units of construction of a wave while wave height and wavelength are the vertical and horizontal distances between the two wave components respectively.