These women are wearing a burqa, an outer garment worn daily for the PRIMARY purpose of

Final answer:

The Church gained secular power by wielding the authority to excommunicate individuals and deny sacraments, integrating bishops into the Roman political system, and appointing secular leaders, as well as consolidating power and prohibiting corrupt practices like simony.

Explanation:

The Church gained secular power through a combination of religious influence, cultural centrality, and legal authority. Bishops, serving as judges and participating in administrative duties, assumed power equivalent to traditional nobility in the Roman political system. The ability of the Church to excommunicate individuals, effectively issuing a spiritual and social banishment, meant that even monarchs were cautious in challenging the Church's authority. Additionally, the Church's role in appointing leaders and consolidation of power, as seen when Pope Leo III named Charlemagne as emperor, further solidified its influence over secular matters. The prohibition of simony by Pope Gregory VII, followed by excommunication and delegitimization of the rule of Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV, also played a critical role in shifting power from secular rulers to the popes.

The correct answer to the question 'How did the Church gain secular power?' is option C, which states, "The Church's power to deny the sacraments gave the Church power over Christians." This sacramental authority extended beyond mere spiritual guidance and translated into tangible control over political and personal lives.

The true option to answer this question among the choices provided above is option C.

Sargon's rule spread civilization beyond Mesopotamia. Sargo´s reign lasted from 2334 - 2279 BC. He was one of the earliest of the world's great empire builders.

The civic virtue of Patriotism means honoring one's country.

Answer: The answer is A. I got it right on the test.

Final answer:

Andrew Carnegie significantly contributed to the industrial development of the United States by founding a steel production company that utilized vertical integration to reduce costs, leading to economic dominance in the steel industry and major philanthropic donations.

Explanation:

Andrew Carnegie played a pivotal role in the industrial development of the United States, primarily through the steel industry. Carnegie, a Scottish immigrant, utilized connections and his own capital to invest in steel production, employing new technologies he had observed in Britain such as the Bessemer process. His strategy of vertical integration, which involved owning all parts of the production process, allowed him to reduce costs and control the quality of the final product. Carnegie's approach ensured that his companies could offer better steel prices than competitors and lead to U.S. Steel Corporation producing more steel than the entire British Empire by the turn of the century.

Andrew Carnegie significantly contributed to the U.S. industrial development by mastering vertical integration in the steel industry, producing higher quality steel at lower costs, and investing in efficient production methods. His philanthropic efforts after selling his company to J.P. Morgan cemented his legacy.

Andrew Carnegie's Contributions to Industrial Development

Andrew Carnegie was a key figure in the industrial development of the United States during the late 19th century. Carnegie's strategy focused on vertical integration, a business approach where he gained control over all aspects of steel production, from owning mines to the transportation network, significantly reducing costs and improving efficiency.

Carnegie's investments in up-to-date machinery and insistence on innovative methods for production facilitated the growth of a domestically strong steel industry. By adopting the Bessemer process, which originated in Britain, and using domestic financing, Carnegie's steel mills were able to produce higher quality steel at lower prices than competitors. This enhancement in steel production played a pivotal role in America's expanding infrastructure, including railroads and naval expansion.

Although Carnegie's business practices were aggressive, akin to those of other titans of industry like Rockefeller, his legacy also includes notable philanthropy. He sold his company to J.P. Morgan, who formed the U.S. Steel Corporation, and donated a vast portion of his wealth to charitable causes, such as libraries and educational institutions.

Largest group of non-willing people brought to America were taken from Africa and brought to America as slaves by British people who used to rule on America at that time.

The Atlantic slave trade or trans atlantic slave trade comprised of  the transportation by slave traders of enslaved African people,especially to America.The slave trade mainly used The Triangular Trade Route  and its middle passage,and continued from 16th to 19th centuries.

Many African rulers wanted to supply European traders with the extra enslaved people they wanted for liquor,tobacco,salt,potato,rice,wheat etc.As demand grew,some African traders began to capture other Africans and sell them to Europeans.

Usually British and French ships took 2 to 3 months to go from Africa to America.Ships transported on an average of  250 to 600 slaves on the ships.Many slaves used to die during the journey from hunger,disease etc.

a sickness called the flue i thinks not 100%

A committee chair serves as the parliamentary head of a committee. The chair sets the committee’s agenda, determining when, or in many states, whethe bills will be considered. Other responsibilities of a committee chair typically include:  

-Calling the committee together to perform its duties.

-Presiding and maintaining order over meetings.

-Deciding all questions of order subject to appeal.

-Supervising and directing the staff of the committee.

-Preparing, or supervising the preparation of, reports of the committee for submission to the body.

-Taking custody of all papers referred to the committee and transmit them to the clerk of the chamber as required.

Because committees play such a key role in the legislative process and significant power frequently is given to the chair, committee leadership selections are carefully considered by the body's designated appointing authority. Most often, it is the presiding officer of a legislative assembly. In 63 of the nation's 99 legislative chambers, committee chairs are appointed by the president of the Senate or the speaker of the House.Sometimes, another legislative leader—such as the president pro tem, the speaker pro tem or the majority leader—selects the committee chairs. In 13 chambers, standing committee chairs are appointed by a committee—such as a committee on committees, rules committee or management committee.

Answer:

ok

Explanation:

First of all, to understand this it´s necessary to know what a committee chair serves for:  it serves as the parliamentary head of a committee.

The chair sets the committee’s agenda, determining when, how what or in many states, whether—bills will be considered or not. Some other responsabilities of this committee are:  

 Calling the committee together to perform its duties.

 Presiding and maintaining order over meetings.

 Deciding all questions of order subject to appeal.

 Supervising and directing the staff of the committee.

 Preparing, or supervising the preparation of, reports of the committee for submission to the body.

 Taking custody of all papers referred to the committee and transmit them to the clerk of the chamber as required.  

It´s a very important role on this legislative process scenario and significant power, frequently is given to the chair, committee leadership selections are very carefully considered. But who is the appointing authority?  

where is the illustration

When Prussia was hit by famine in 1744, King Frederick the Great, a potato enthusiast, had to order the peasantry to eat the tubers. In England, 18th-century farmers denounced S. tuberosum as an advance scout for hated Roman Catholicism. “No Potatoes, No Popery!” was an election slogan in 1765. France was especially slow to adopt the spud. Into the fray stepped Antoine-Augustin Parmentier, the potato’s Johnny Appleseed.

The Geocentric theory or model proposed that the Earth was the center of the universe and the Sun rotated around it. Religion played a big role throughout history in trying to perpetuate this scientifically erroneous idea, which started appearing as a biblical perspective pointing towards specific passages in the holy book. A classic one would be Psalms 93:1, in which Earth is described as a static place "established, firm and secured". The church's support of geocentrism can be traced back to literal intepretations of the bible and a refusal to lose credibility and power as science proved them wrong.

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A common Characteristic that describes socialism and communism is that they are economic and political structures which promote equality and seek to eliminate social classes. The two are very similar in some ways, but very different in others.

In a communist society,  the working class owns everything, and all the people work for a common goal. There are no wealthy or poor people. In other words, all are equal and the community distributes what it produces based only on need.

In a socialist society, the main focus is equality as in communism. Workers can spend their wages as they choose but the government owns and operates all the means of production.

They are opposite to capitalism but basic healthcare and public education are forms of socialism and communism applied to capitalism.    

The common characteristic of socialism and communism is that both are economic and political structures that promote equality and seek to eliminate social classes.  The two are interchangeable in some ways but different in others.  

By the other hand communism and socialism both arose in the context of the industrial revolution a largely as a response to a time when business owner were becoming extremely wealthy by exploiting their workers.

b trading goods, because they were more convenient and produced fairer prices

The correct answer is letter C. The business cycle is main subject of the article in the news magazine. Over time economy goes through a natural rise and fall of growth. Being aware of economic cycles helps to analize the economy and make better finantial decisions.  

A business cycle has four stages:  They are expansion, peak, contraction, and trough. They don’t occur at regular intervals .During expansion the economy is grows until it reaches its peak and begins to contract.The economy hits its bottom at the trough.

When you read a magazine article explaining how the economy expanded for several years and then contracted.The subject of this article was:

C....The Business Cycle.

The Business Cycle is also known as the Economic Cycle or Trade Cycle and it shows upward and downward movement of the GDP( Gross Domestic Product) along its long term growth trend.

The length of a business cycle is the period of time containing a single boom and contraction in sequence.

The four distinct phases of the business cycle are:

European contact and settlement in America had impacts, mostly negative, among these are a large number of diseases brought by Europeans because of many natives dying because they had no immunity to these diseases.  

Other effects were the occupation of the most productive lands and the expulsion of native tribes from their territory, which caused wars between natives and Europeans.

Carl Albert attained the highest position held by an Oklahoma when he became a Speaker of the House in 1971.

A important source of public opinion is Mass media as it gives a huge platform to express themselves individually.

The Civil Rights Act was passed on April 9, 1866 by a Republican dominated Congress. It was passed over President Johnson's veto, in an effort to push back against discrimination of African Americans.

Answer:

To stop racial discrimination

Explanation:

The Civil Rights Act was signed into law in 1866 by a republican dominated congress.

It’s the first federal law that declares U.S. citizens being equally protected under the law and was signed by President Johnson.The Act also made some clarity on citizenship and made it a crime to deny any person of the rights of citizenship on the basis of their race or color.

Final answer:

The determination of Oklahoma's western boundary was unusual due to the failed attempt to create Sequoyah, a native state, and the subsequent land rushes that opened the territory to White settlement. The Sequoyah proposal was overlooked when Oklahoma was admitted as the 46th state in 1907. Later, in 2020, the Supreme Court recognized a significant portion of eastern Oklahoma as an Indian reservation.

Explanation:

The Unusual Determination of Oklahoma's Western Boundary

The creation of Oklahoma's western boundary was unusual due to several historic events. Initially, there was an attempt to create a native state called Sequoyah, which would have been governed by Native Americans. Despite drafting a Constitution and proposing a structure for state government in 1905, Congress never voted on it. Instead, what was formerly Indian Territory, became the 46th state in 1907 after being opened to White settlement starting with the first land rush in 1889. This inclusion combined Indian territories and White settler lands, bypassing the prospect of a separate native state. Further adding to this complexity, in 2020, the United States Supreme Court recognized much of eastern Oklahoma as Indian reservation land in the case of McGirt v. Oklahoma.

Throughout this period, land rushes, such as the one that occurred on September 16, 1893, known as the Cherokee Strip land rush, were significant factors in defining the state's boundaries. These events promoted the settlement by non-Indians, affecting the land and lives of Native Americans and ultimately shaping the state of Oklahoma as we know it today. Overall, the history of Oklahoma's state boundaries reflects the contentious and often painful merging of various territorial rights, federal policies, and the interests of diverse groups.

The Medici House was Italian   banking family and a political dynasty that began to build a reputation in the first half of the 15th century under the name Cosimo de' Medici in the Republic of Florence. The family was born in the Mugello region of Tuscany and progressed progressively until it was able to finance Medici Bank. This bank was the largest in Europe during the 15th century, and it facilitated Medici in political power in Florence, although it officially remained citizens until the 16th century.

In 1532 the family became the Duke of Florence and this title was hereditary. In 1569, the Duke was elevated to the Grand Duke of Tuscany after territorial expansion. This was an example of economic growth under the first great Duke, but it went bankrupt until the time of Cosimo III de 'Medici (1670-1723).

Medicis's influence at the begining emerged from textile trade. Like other families who ruled, Medici dominated the city government, could bring Florence under their family power and created an environment in which art and humanism developed. They and other Italian families inspired the Italian Renaissance, such as Visconti and Sforza in Milan, Este in Ferrara and Gonzaga in Mantua.

Totalitarian states tend to restrict individual freedoms, restrict the formation of opposition groups, and prohibit free and fair elections, The government holds all aspects of the state. Industry is controlled by the government.

The leader of the party that wins the most seats in a general election is appointed Prime Minister by the Queen. The current Prime Minister is Rt Hon Theresa May MP, leader of the Conservative Party. The Prime Minister is officially responsible for choosing the other members of the government.

The leader of the party that wins maximum seats in a general election is appointed Prime Minister by the Queen in United Kingdom.

The Prime Minister is officially responsible for choosing the other members of the government.

The matching vocabulary words and definitions are: Aristocratic, a government, ruled by nobles or the wealthy; divination, method of foretelling the future; oracle bone, used in predicting future; Neolithic, the last phase of the Stone Age; pictographic, a language using pictures as words; polytheistic, worshipping many gods.

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The vocabulary words are matched with their definitions accurately. These include aristocratic, divination, oracle bone, Neolithic, pictographic, and polytheistic, each referring to specific aspects related to historical studies, especially ancient cultures.

The correct matching for the vocabulary words and their definitions would be as follows:

These terms are often seen in historical studies, particularly when studying ancient cultures and their practices.

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The US Constitution set up a system of government with three co-equal branches of government. Each branch of government is responsible for different matters, which is known as the Separation of Powers, and is held responsible to each other with a system of interlocking responsibilities and obligations, better known as checks and balances.

The end result is a system where no branch should stand above the other branches and where each branch is responsible for their own set of responsibilities.

The U.S. Constitution ensures a separation of powers among three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. The checks and balances system requires these branches to work together and provides them with means to check each other's powers, preventing any one branch from becoming too powerful.

The U.S. Constitution set up the three branches of the federal government to ensure a separation of powers and establish a system of checks and balances. The legislative branch is responsible for making laws, the executive branch for enforcing them, and the judicial branch for interpreting laws through the power of judicial review. The concept of checks and balances requires each branch to have some measure of influence over the other branches and acts as a check on their powers, promoting cooperation and preventing any one branch from gaining too much power.

For instance, while Congress (legislative branch) has the power to draft legislation, the President (executive branch) must sign it before it becomes law, which forces both to work together on lawmaking. The President has the power to veto acts of Congress, but Congress can override a presidential veto. Similarly, the judicial branch can declare laws unconstitutional, checking the power of the other two branches.

The United States often makes aid decisions, both military and humanitarian, using the prism of our "strategic advantage."

So, if it would be advantageous to please a military dictator, either because of port access or drilling rights or the use of a base for refueling, it is likely that the aid will be used as an inducement to allow the United States to do those things.

Answer:

B) to achieve a greater purpose, such as stopping a larger enemy

The French fought the British over the Ohio river valley.

Many enclosure acts were passed from about 1600 to 1900, thereby shutting off peasants from common lands on which they could formerly graze their sheep and raise crops. The Enclosure Acts were passed so that landowners could make higher profits from their land and increase agricultural productivity.

By the end of the 1940s, jazz had grown into such varied fields as bebop and jazz. Rock and roll was soon to become the most important component of American popular music, beginning with the rockabilly boom of the 1950s. In the following decade, gospel evolved into secular soul.

After the 50's, with the rise of popular music, american classical music passed through changes and experimentalization, in the 60's minimal music, as minimal art, was in vogue, some of the minimalist composers are Philip Glass, Steve Reich and John Adams, in the 70's and 80's was the rise of postmodern music, with composers such as John Cage. It also found an important role in the development of film's scores.

The answer is D. Hundreds of Thousands of Arabs fled or were forced to leave Israel.

The correct option is D).  Hundreds of thousands of Arabs fled or were forced to leave Israel.

Zionism was a a political organization, which was established in 1897  under the Theodor Herzl with the motive of the development and protection of a Jewish nation.

Zionist movement lead to the creation of the State of Israel as they believed in re-establishing a Jewish safe place.

The Zionist movement had successfully established a Jewish homeland.

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During the Revolutionary War, a common complaint made by the American soldiers was that they were either not being paid or that they were being asked to work past the terms of their contract. Unlike today, the soldiers were commonly signing on for a period of months or years and the Army was not able to pay many of the times.

The initial surprise attack, across previously agreed cease-fire lines, was coordinated by Egypt and Syria.

Wiithin 2 days, they were joined by 'expeditionary forces' from Jordan, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, and ..... wait for it ..... Cuba !

The countries that attacked Israel in the Yom Kippur War of 1973 was Egypt and Syria.

This war is also called the Ramadan war or the Arab Israeli war. The reason for the war was due to the fact that the areas wanted to win back the areas that they lost to Israel.

The war was won by Israel and the Egyptians were said to have lost a lot of tanks.

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