First sentence is adaptation and the answer to the second sentence is geographic isolation.
The general process by which bones form is called:
a) ossification
b) osteomalacia
c) calcification
d) apposition
e) orthodontics
Answer by PinkLemonadeTae:
Hi! :)
Question: The general process by which bones form is called..?
Answer: A) Ossification!
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The process of bone formation is called ossification, also known as osteogenesis, which occurs through osteoblast activities. There are two primary types of ossification: intramembranous and endochondral. This process continues actively until around age 25 and switches primarily to bone remodeling and repair thereafter.
Explanation:The general process by which bones form is called ossification, also known as osteogenesis. This complex biological process is responsible for the formation of bone tissue by the action of osteoblasts. Not to be confused with calcification, which can occur in other tissues as well, ossification takes place during the development and growth of the skeletal system, beginning approximately six weeks after fertilization in an embryo.
There are two primary methods through which ossification occurs: intramembranous ossification, which is the development of bone from fibrous membranes, and endochondral ossification, which is the development of bone from hyaline cartilage. While bone growth continues until about the age of 25, followed by a period where the ossification process primarily contributes to bone remodeling and repair, the overall process is critical in forming the structure and stability of the bony skeleton throughout life.
Other related terms include osteomalacia, a condition involving the softening of bones, calcification, the accumulation of calcium salts in body tissue, apposition, referring to the growth in the thickness of bones, and orthodontics, a field of dentistry concerned with the correction of irregularities of teeth and jaws. However, these terms are not synonymous with the process of bone formation.
Which of the following elements would NOT be typically found in an mRNA molecule?5′ untranslated regionPromoter3′ untranslated regionStart and stop codonsProtein-coding region
The correct answer is: Promoter
Promoter is a sequence on DNA molecule that initiates transcription of a particular gene (RNA polymerase binds to a promoter).
mRNA is a product of transcription from DNA and it has
5′ untranslated region- after the start codon, usually responsible for regulation of translation
Protein-coding region- composed of codons that caries the information for protein synthesis (translation).
Start (the first codon, usually AUG triplet) and stop codons (the last codon for the termination of translation)
3′ untranslated region-after the stop codon, usually responsible for mRNA stability and localization.
Which statement best describes a food chain . A interconnected relationship of an ecosystem B relationship of predator and prey C pathway through which energy moves through ecosystem
Why do mitochondria and chloroplasts have relatively small genomes?
A) Their bacterial ancestors had small genomes
B) Over time, much of their nucleic acid has migrated to the host cell nucleus
C) They do not need many genes to function
D) They lack non-coding DNA
Answer:
B) Over time, much of their nucleic acid has migrated to the host cell nucleus
Explanation:
The origin of chloroplasts and mitochondria is explained via endosymbiosis theory: they originated as prokarytoic symbionts. The host cell acquired genetic information from them and “took it up” by lateral gene transfer. Those genes (now located in the eukaryotic cell nucleus-nuclear genome) encode the great majority of chloroplast and mitochondrial proteins, as well as many proteins of the nucleus and cytosol.
Yet ,chloroplasts and mitochondria retained some of the genes in their genomes.
Final answer:
The small genomes of mitochondria and chloroplasts are a result of their evolution from bacterial endosymbionts and the transfer of many of their genes to the host cell's nucleus. Their streamlined genomes now contain only the essential genes necessary for their functions in respiration and photosynthesis, while the nucleus encodes most proteins they require.
Explanation:
The relatively small genomes of mitochondria and chloroplasts can be attributed to their evolutionary history and current biological function. These organelles are thought to have originated from endosymbiotic events where prokaryotes, such as bacteria, became incorporated into the cells of early eukaryotes. Over time, there was a transfer of many of their genes to the host cell's nucleus, leading to a reduction in the size of their own genomes.
Due to this gene transfer, most of the proteins required for their function are now encoded by the nuclear genome and imported into the organelles. Moreover, the simplified genomes of mitochondria and chloroplasts consist of a single, circular molecule of DNA, similar to their bacterial ancestors, and contain only the remaining essential genes necessary for their specific functions. This includes the genes for respiration in mitochondria and photosynthesis in chloroplasts, among others.
Therefore, the small size of the mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes can be explained by option B: Over time, much of their nucleic acid has migrated to the host cell nucleus. Moreover, these streamlined genomes are efficient for the specialized roles they play in the cell, and this reduction in genome size may also be a reflection of their reduced autonomy, relying on the eukaryotic host cell for many functions.
Which of these is the smallest unit that natural selection can change?
A) a speciesʹ gene frequency
B) a populationʹs gene frequency
C) an individualʹs genome
D) an individualʹs genotype
E) an individualʹs phenotype
Answer:
The answer is B
Explanation:
Would it be easier for an investigator to change the outcome of differentiation if a cell used cytoplasmic determinants or induction to produce specialized daughter cells? See Section 21.1 (Page 420) . Would it be easier for an investigator to change the outcome of differentiation if a cell used cytoplasmic determinants or induction to produce specialized daughter cells? See Section 21.1 (Page 420) . Induction, because this could be easily changed by changing the cell's environment. Cytoplasmic determinants, since it is easy to change the composition of a cell's cytoplasm Induction, because it is easy to change the concentration of a cell's cytoplasm Cytoplasmic determinants, because these could be easily changed by changing the cell's environment.
The correct answer is: Induction, because this could be easily changed by changing the cell's environment.
Cell differentiation (process by which cell becomes specialized) can be under the influence of many factors:
• Cytoplasmic influence because cytoplasm can influence and control the behaviour of nuclear genes.
• Embryonic induction-changing the cell environment
For example: if cells from one region of the embryo are transplanted to some other region that transplant will most likely differentiate according to the chemical regulators of the surrounding cells.
• Proteins present in a cell influences its differentiation
• Cell-Cell interactions via cell-cell adhesion and signalling molecules.
predict some of the consequences of elinminating all bacteria from an environment?
Answer: Without bacteria life as we know it would not be possible.
Explanation:
Bacteria play a major role in processing organic waste in every environment. If all bacteria are eliminated from an environment, waste would pile up. Plants depend on nitrogen fixing bacteria to convert unusable gaseous nitrogen into usable nitrogenous compounds such as ammonia, without which they could not survive. Most vertebrate, and many invertebrates depend on bacteria living in their guts to help digest food. Ruminants, for example, depend on bacteria in the rumen of the stomach to break down cellulose, allowing them to survive on grasses with very little nutritional value.
Dogs have a reduced nonfunctional digit on their paws known as a dewclaw what is this and example of
Vestigial Structure
Explanation;Vestigial Structure are structures that have no apparent function and appear to be residual parts from a past ancestor. Vestigial structures are normally homologous to structures that are functioning normally in other species and therefore may be considered evidence for evolution. Other examples of vestigial structures include; the human appendix, the pelvic bone of a snake, and the wings of flightless birds.Answer:
C
Explanation:
Which properties are used to identify minerals? Select 3 choices.
luster
magnetism
size
streak
weight
Used to identify properties are
luster magnetismstreakAnswer:
Magnetism, Luster, Streak
Explanation:
Properties of minerals are usually used by the mineralogist to identify or determine the identity of a mineral (specimen).
Magnetism: is the property of the mineral that attract or repel other magnetic materials.
Luster: is the property of minerals that shows how the surface of the minerals reflect s light and it is usually affected by the brilliance of the light that is used to observe the mineral surface.
Streak: usually shows the true color of minerals and used to be in powered form.
What does the following scenario describe?
A sperm nucleus joins with an egg cell after traveling down a pollen tube into the ovary.
fertilization
cephalization
segmentation
pollination
This describes fertilization
Answer:
The correct answer is fertilization
Explanation:
In flowering plants when a sperm cell joins with an egg cell after traveling down through pollen tube into the ovary, this process or scenario is called fertilization.
In which out of two sperm cells one sperm cell fuse with the egg cell in the ovary and second sperm cell fuse with two nuclei forming a triple-layered cell that later develops into the endosperm.
Thus, the correct answer is fertilization.
Bile salts aid in the digestion of fats by ________ large fat droplets.
binding
combining
emulsifying
dehydrating
anabolizing
Emulsifying would be the correct response
It would be Emulsifying
Low-grade fever is an effective defense for short periods of time because it increases iron in the blood. includes pyrogens that destroy the pathogens. increases temperature, which slows the growth of bacteria. slows the attack of phagocytes. forces the person to stay in bed. 1 points
I'm not to sure about this. Lemme see if I got this right hear me out.
I think increases temp and slows bacteria growth, non phagocyte cell that attack harder when temp rises therefore a quick low-grade fever will be more affected then a long term
Fever is a defense mechanism that raises body temperature to combat infections efficiently.
Fever is a defense mechanism in the body that elevates temperature, inhibiting the growth of bacteria as they thrive at lower temperatures. It also triggers other immune responses, such as the production of white blood cells and cytokines, aiding in the fight against infections.
Xylem's main function is to transport _[blank]_.
amino acids and proteins
water and inorganic nutrients
sugars and starch
fats and oils
water and inorganic nutrients
Explanation;Xylem is the tissue of vascular plants that transports water and nutrients from the soil to the stems and leaves.The main function of xylem is to transport water, and some soluble nutrients including minerals and inorganic ions, upwards from the roots to the rest of the plant.Additionally, it plays an essential role of providing strength to tissues and organs, to maintain plant structure and resistance to bending.How can space exploration impact the economy and culture of a region?
i dont have any choices sorry
It doesn't really impact the economy in a way of which you would think it show a country is doing well. So company trust in that company or in other cases some country's spend all there money on it and makes them less money. But it shows you are competent enough to do something so extraordinary.
What is the angle of incidence if a reflected wave bounces off a mirror with an angle of reflection equal to 55 degrees?
55 degrees
Explanation;The angle of incidence is 55 degrees as the angle is equal to the bouncing or reflection angle. That is; Angle of incidence= angle of reflection.The angle of incidence is the angle between the incident ray and the normal while the angle of reflection is the angle between the reflected ray and the normal. According to the law of reflection, when a ray of light reflects off a surface, the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection due to the law of reflection. Hence, if the angle of reflection is 55 degrees, the angle of incidence will also be 55 degrees.
Explanation:The question you've asked relates to a fundamental law in physics called the law of reflection. This law states that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection. The angles are always measured relative to the perpendicular (or 'normal') to the surface at the point where the wave or ray of light strikes the surface.
So, in your case, if a wave is reflected off a mirror and it bounces at an angle of reflection of 55 degrees, then the angle of incidence — the angle at which the wave originally struck the mirror — would also be 55 degrees. This is because the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
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~~15. an individual's father is very tall. this same individual's mother is very short. the individual's height is somewhere in between. is this codominance or incomplete dominance? justify the answer
A is the answer hope you get it right
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okay?
whats wrong with that?
Answer:
Explanation:
What stimuli does the vestibular apparatus detect?
head position in space
sound waves
joint position
presence of particular odorants
Answer:
Head position in space
Explanation:
The vestibular system or apparatus is a collection of structures in the inner ear that provides a sense of balance and awareness of spatial orientation. The information furnished by the vestibular system is essential for coordinating the position of the head and the movement of the eyes. There are two sets of end organs in the inner ear, or labyrinth: the three semicircular canals, which detects and respond to rotational movements (angular acceleration); and the utricle and saccule (the otolith organs) within the vestibule, which respond to changes in the position of the head with respect to gravity (linear acceleration).
The receptor cells of the otoliths and semicircular canals send signals through the vestibular nerve fibers to the neural structures that control eye movements, posture, and balance.
The vestibular system detects head motion and position with respect to gravity.
Vestibular signals are heavily processed in numerous parts of the brain and are engaged in a wide range of important processes.
It is largely engaged in the delicate regulation of visual gaze, posture, orthostasis, spatial orientation, and navigation.
Gravity and rotational acceleration and deceleration are examples of the stimuli that the vestibular system is sensitive to.
The inertia of the vestibular system's receptive cells may be measured to determine gravity, acceleration, and deceleration. Through head position, gravity may be felt.
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Aldosterone from the adrenal cortex causes sodium ions to be
A. excreted and potassium ions to be conserved.
B. excreted and potassium ions to be excreted.
C. conserved and potassium ions to be conserved.
D. conserved and potassium ions to be excreted.
the answer is A. excreted and potassium ions to be conserved
Aldosterone from the adrenal cortex leads to the conservation of sodium ions and the excretion of potassium ions, supporting fluid and electrolyte balance in the body. The correct option is D.
Aldosterone is a hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that plays a critical role in the regulation of sodium and potassium levels in the body. This hormone increases the reabsorption of sodium ions (Na+) and the excretion of potassium ions (K+) in the distal tubules of the kidney.
When aldosterone is released, it stimulates the sodium-potassium pump, leading to sodium being conserved by the body and potassium being secreted into the renal filtrate for excretion. As sodium is conserved, water follows due to osmosis, resulting in increased water retention and blood volume. Conversely, the increased excretion of potassium helps maintain the balance of electrolytes in the body.
Therefore, the correct answer to the student's question is: Aldosterone from the adrenal cortex causes sodium ions to be D. conserved and potassium ions to be excreted.
Why is a diagram of energy flow from trophic level to trophic level shaped like a pyramid?
a. Organisms at each level store most of the energy and pass little on.
b. There are more producers than primary consumers, and so on.
c. Organisms eventually die.
d. Most energy at each level is lost, leaving little for the next.
e. Secondary consumers are larger than primary consumers, and so on.
The correct answer is: d. Most energy at each level is lost, leaving little for the next.
The trophic pyramid or energy pyramid is graphical representation of relationships between organisms depending on their nutrition. The base of the pyramid has the largest amount of biomass so it can support the energy requirements of the organisms above it (at higher levels). Each higher level in the pyramid is smaller because only about 10% of the available energy is transferred to the next level. So, energy is lost at each level.
Final answer:
An energy pyramid is shaped like a pyramid because only about 10 percent of the energy at one trophic level is transferred to the next level. The rest is used for metabolic processes or lost as heat, which leads to a decrease in available energy at higher levels.
Explanation:
The diagram of energy flow from trophic level to trophic level is shaped like a pyramid because of the inefficiency of energy transfer between levels. According to the laws of thermodynamics, specially the first law, energy can neither be created nor destroyed. This means the energy must come from one of the previous levels. In an ecosystem, only about 10 percent of the total energy stored in organisms at one trophic level is transferred to organisms at the next trophic level. The rest is used by the organisms for metabolism, growth, and repair, or is lost to the environment as heat or waste. Therefore, as one moves up the pyramid from producers to apex predators, there is a significant decrease in available energy, which leads to fewer organisms that can be supported at higher trophic levels.
Why would too much salt intake cause someone to develop high blood pressure?
Answer: salt intake increases the sodium level in the blood and will make the body retain excess water thereby giving the heart more work to do.
Explanation: Eating salt increases the quantity of sodium in blood and it creates an imbalance in the sodium and potassium levels. The high level of salt reduces the ability of the kidneys to excrete water. Too much sodium increases blood pressure because it holds excess fluid in the body and that results to an added burden on the heart. Excess sodium intake will increase risk of osteoporosis, stomach cancer, stroke, heart failure and kidney disease.
The result is a higher blood pressure due to the fact that the body will have the tendency of retaining more fluids because of the excess salt.
Which type of receptor would you expect to be most abundant in the antennae of a moth?A) chemoreceptorsB) thermoreceptorsC) mechanoreceptorsD) electroreceptors
I think A bit I’m not quite sure
chemoreceptors is the answer
The tiny gaps between adjacent schwann cells are called
A) neurillema.
B) nodes of Ranvier.
C) axolemma.
D) terminals.
E) vesicles.
The tiny gaps between adjacent Schwann cells are called nodes of Ranvier. They play an essential role in the speed of nerve impulse transmission.
Explanation:In the peripheral nervous system, the tiny gaps that exist between adjacent Schwann cells are referred to as nodes of Ranvier (Option B). These nodes play a critical role in the speed at which electrical impulses travel along nerve fibers. In a process called saltatory conduction, action potentials jump from node to node, leading to faster propagation of the nerve impulse compared to uninterrupted fibers.
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The gaps between adjacent Schwann cells in a neuron's axon are known as Nodes of Ranvier, enabling faster signal transmission known as saltatory conduction.
Explanation:The tiny gaps between adjacent Schwann cells are referred to as Nodes of Ranvier, so the answer to your question is B) Nodes of Ranvier. Schwann cells are a type of glial cell that wrap around the axons of neurons in the peripheral nervous system to provide insulation. These neurons have many gaps, or nodes, where the insulation (the Schwann cells) are absent. It's these nodes that allow for saltatory conduction, a mode of neural signal transmission where the electric signal/no action potential 'jumps' from node to node, significantly speeding up the rate of transmission.
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Which of the following drains urine from the kidneys to the bladder?
The Ureters Move Urine from the Kidneys to the Bladder.
2. Which of the following will change the equilibrium potential for Na+?
1.the gating properties of the Na+ channels
2.the concentration of the Na+ on the inside of the cell versus the outside
3.the ion channels that are open in the cell
4.the resting membrane potential of the cell
According to the question, Option C, the ion channels that are open in the cell
Ion channels work on the principle of identification of size of the pore.
How plasma memebrane play role in Na+ transport?The plasma membrane of neuron is slightly permeable to Na+ ion while it is highly permeable to K+ ion. The concentration of Na+ ion is higher outside the cell while it is lower inside the cell while the concentration of K+ ion is higher on the inner side of the cell as compared to the outer side of the cell. The ion gate is responsible for maintain this equilibrium.
Hence, option C is correct.
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Which group of animals has a closed circulatory system featuring a single circuit and two heart chambers?
mammals
tunicates
amphibians
fish
birds
Answer:
Fish
Explanation:
Which of the following is not a way carbon dioxide travels in the blood?
Answer:Carbon dioxide is transported in the blood from the tissue to the lungs in three ways:1 (i) dissolved in solution; (ii) buffered with water as carbonic acid; (iii) bound to proteins, particularly haemoglobin.
Approximately 75% of carbon dioxide is transport in the red blood cell and 25% in the plasma. The relatively small amount in plasma is attributable to a lack of carbonic anhydrase in plasma so association with water is slow; plasma plays little role in buffering and combination with plasma proteins is poor.
There is a difference between the percentage of the total carbon dioxide carried in each form and the percentage exhaled from them. For example, 5% of the total is in solution but 10% of exhaled carbon dioxide comes from this source; 10% is protein bound, particularly with haemoglobin, but this supplies 30% of the exhaled amount.
What is the average speed of a cheetah cub?
Pretty fast. Or maybe slow.
Injecting a person with a killed-bacteria vaccine can protect that individual from a disease because the proteins of the bacteria:
A) remain in the body and live bacteria later prey on them instead of live tissue
B) blind with receptors in the body, so that live bacteria cannot bind with them later
C) stimulate the production of antibodies which can be manufactured later to respond to infection
the answer is c) stimulates the production of antibodies which can be manufacrured later to respond to infection
The myelin sheath that covers many cns axons is formed by
The myelin sheath that covers many cns axons is formed by oligodendrocytes.
Oligodendrocytes are type of neuroglia (non-neural cells found in central nervous system) with protective, trophic and supportive role. Their function is to insulate axons (with myelin sheath), in the central nervous system (CNS) which is, equivalent to the function performed by Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
The myelin sheath that covers many axons in the CNS is formed by oligodendrocytes. This sheath speeds up the transmission of electrical signals, improving nervous system efficiency.
Explanation:The myelin sheath that covers many axons in the central nervous system (CNS) is formed by cells called oligodendrocytes. These cells wrap around the axons, creating a fatty layer known as the myelin sheath. The formation of a myelin sheath is important in the function of the nervous system, as it helps to speed up the transmission of electrical signals along the axons, allowing nerve messages to be sent more efficiently throughout the body.
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