True or false: atoms in each state of matter are always in motion

Sodium chloride (table salt) dissolved in water conducts electricity due to the dissociation of the salt into mobile sodium and chloride ions, which can carry electrical charges and complete an electrical circuit.

When table salt (sodium chloride, NaCl) is dissolved in water, it creates a solution that can conduct electricity. This is because salt is an ionic compound that dissociates into sodium ions (Na+) and chloride ions (Cl-) in water. These ions are capable of moving freely in the water, carrying electrical charges with them.

In contrast to solid sodium chloride, where ions are locked in place within a crystal lattice, dissolving salt into water breaks apart this lattice structure, allowing ions to move. As these charged particles flow towards oppositely charged electrodes, they complete an electrical circuit, permitting the flow of electricity.

Electrolytes like sodium and chloride are crucial for bodily functions and must be replenished when lost through activities like sweating. These are substances that when dissolved in water, their dissociated ions make the solution electrically conductive.

Answer:

1.4×10−1 Pa

Explanation:

The average density of peat moss comes out to be 0.000013 g/cm3 and that of top soil is 0.002522 g/cm3, making the peat moss 'lighter' in comparison. Seven bags of peat moss are needed to cover a 10ft by 20ft area to a depth of 20 in.

First, we need to convert everything into uniform units. In this case, that would be grams and cubic centimeters.
We know that 1 lb = 453.592 g and 1 in.3 = 16.387 cm3, and 1 gal = 3785.41 cm3. Hence,
40 lb = 18143.68 g
and the volume of peat moss = 14 * 20 * 30 in.3 = 84,000 in.3 = 1,376,522.8 cm3
Similarly, volume of topsoil = 1.9 gal = 7192.279 cm3.
So, the average density of peat moss = weight / volume = 18143.68 g / 1,376,522.8 cm3 = 0.000013 g/cm3 and
the average density of topsoil = 18143.68 g / 7192.279 cm3 = 0.002522 g/cm3.

As density is mass per unit volume, the substance with a higher density is 'heavier' for the same volume. Here, the topsoil has a higher density than peat moss; hence it's correct to say that peat moss is 'lighter' than topsoil.

For part B, we need to find out how many bags are needed to cover an area of 10*20 ft.2 to a depth of 20 in. The volume needed = length*width*depth = 10 * 20 * 20/12 ft.3 = 333.33 ft3 = 9445044.416 cm3. Therefore, the number of bags = volume needed / volume of one bag = 9445044.416 cm3 / 1,376,522.8 cm3 = 6.86. As we can't buy a fraction of a bag, we round up to 7 bags.

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The answer is 8.13 x 10²⁸ atoms.

First we calculate  the number of moles using the molar mass.

molar mass of helium = 4 g/mol. 

it means that 1 mole of helium atoms weighs 4 gram.

Now we have 540 kg of helium =540000 grams

Number of moles in 540000 grams;

540000 / 4 =135000 mol

Now in one mole there is 6.02 x 10²³ atoms

So, in 135000 mol there is;

135000 x 6.02 x 10²³  = 8.13 x 10²⁸atoms

A heat pump generates heat for an entire building from one central source.

An example of a system that generates central heat for an entire building is a heat pump. A heat pump uses a small amount of energy to move heat from a low-temperature source, such as the outside air, to a high-temperature source, such as the building's interior. It does this by using a compressor and a refrigerant to transfer heat energy.

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Final answer:

The open spaces in ice's crystal structure contribute to its lower density compared to liquid water, allowing ice to float and providing insulation for aquatic life. Water's polarity makes it an excellent solvent for many substances, supporting life by enabling the distribution of vital nutrients and facilitating biochemical processes.

Explanation:

The open spaces in water's crystal structure make it possible for a variety of environmental and biological processes. Ice is less dense than liquid water due to its open, cage-like structure caused by hydrogen bonding. This unique property allows ice to float, creating an insulating layer on bodies of water that protects aquatic life during cold temperatures. Additionally, because water is a polar molecule, it is an excellent solvent. For instance, when sodium chloride (table salt) is placed in water, the water molecules interact with the ions in the crystal lattice and dissolve into the water, creating spheres of hydration around them.

This ability of water to serve as a solvent is crucial for life on Earth. Substances can easily disperse in water due to its molecular structure, providing essential nutrients for organisms and allowing for critical biochemical processes to occur in living organisms.

Furthermore, water's properties such as surface tension and the ability to undergo osmosis are vital for many forms of life, playing key roles at the cellular level and within ecosystems as a whole.

According to the balanced equation, 1 mole of methane reacts with 2 moles of oxygen to produce 2 moles of water. We can calculate the mass of water formed by using the molar masses of the compounds involved.

According to the balanced equation: CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O

We can see that 1 mole of methane reacts with 2 moles of oxygen to produce 2 moles of water. Using the molar masses of the compounds, we can calculate the mass of water formed.

The molar mass of water (H2O) is 18.016 g/mol. Therefore, the mass of 2 moles of water is (2 * 18.016) g/mol = 36.032 g/mol.

So, if 3.2 g of methane reacts with 12.8 g of oxygen to produce 8.8 g of carbon dioxide, the mass of water formed would be 36.032 g/mol - (8.8 g/mol + 44.01 g/mol) = 36.032 g/mol - 52.81 g/mol = -16.778 g/mol.

The trait that would most likely lead scientists to investigate folk remedies of tribes living in rainforest for new medicine is openness. Option 1 is correct.

This trait encompasses curiosity, originality, intellectualism, creativity, and a willingness to embrace new ideas. It is the capacity for openness that prompts scientists to explore indigenous knowledge and integrate it into scientific inquiry.

Traditional practices, such as those employed by Northwestern North American Indigenous peoples who used seawrack on burns and broadleaved plantain on insect bites, may stem from both trial and error and an empirical understanding of natural resources. Openness allows for the consideration of these methods as part of 'real science,' emphasizing their testable and evidence-based nature.

People with high levels of openness thrive in flexible situations and are motivated to learn new things, which aids in the acceptance of and adaptation to novel environments. This characteristic is essential for scientists who are delving into folk remedies and evaluating them under the rigorous conditions of scientific research.

Hence, 1. is the correct option.

The complete question is:

Which trait would most likely lead scientists to investigate folk remedies of tribes living in rain forest for new medicine? 1. openness 2. narrow-minded 3. creativity 4. skepticism

The presence of a double bond in the carbon chain of a phospholipid's hydrophobic tail causes the tail to become bent or 'kinked', which can increase the fluidity of the cell membrane.

When a double bond is present in the carbon chain of the hydrophobic tail of a phospholipid, the shape of the tail changes. Specifically, the tail becomes bent or 'kinked'. This happens because double bonds restrict the rotation of the carbon atoms around the bond, causing the chain to bend. The presence of such double bonds can therefore influence the properties of the phospholipid and the cell membrane in which it is a part. For example, it can increase the fluidity of the membrane, since the bent tails do not pack together as tightly as straight tails do.

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Answer: The frequency of the given light is [tex]7.05\times 10^{16}s^{-1}[/tex]

Explanation:

To calculate the frequency of light, we use the equation:

[tex]\nu=\frac{c}{\lambda}[/tex]

where,

[tex]\lambda[/tex] = wavelength of the light = [tex]4.257\times 10^{-7}cm=4.257\times 10^{-9}m[/tex]     (Conversion factor: 1 m = 100 cm)

c = speed of light = [tex]2.998\times 10^8m/s[/tex]

[tex]\nu[/tex] = frequency of light

Putting values in above equation, we get:

[tex]\nu=\frac{3\times 10^8m/s}{4.257\times 10^{-9}m}\\\\\nu=7.05\times 10^{16}s^{-1}[/tex]

Hence, the frequency of the given light is [tex]7.05\times 10^{16}s^{-1}[/tex]

Answer : Option A) Chromium

Option D) Calcium

Option E) Osmium

Explanation : The elements likely conduct electricity well are chromium, calcium and osmium. As these are metals and are observed to be good conductors of heat and electricity. They have extra electrons to donate and hence flow of electrons cause them to be a good conductor of electricity. Rest iodine is a non-metals which is not good conductors of electricity. Carbon is not itself a good conductor but one of its allotrope which is graphite is a good conductor of electricity.