until about 200 million years ago Earth's continents were joined as a single landmass called?

Answers

Answer 1

Over Earth's history a number of supercontinents are thought to have existed. The most recent and well understood is the supercontinent known as Pangaea, which formed approximately 335 million years ago and began to break up into the continents we know today, from about 175 million years ago.

It's important to understand that the Earth's crust and it's land masses are in constant flux over geological time. Tectonic plates are shifting continuously and over millions of years this causes land masses to collide and split apart. The way we see the land mass (countries and continents) distributed on a world map today is simply a snap shot in Earth's history. It was a vastly different picture 100 million years ago and will be a vastly different picture in 100 million years. The Himilayan mountain range in Asia is growing today at a rate of about 1cm per year as the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates continue to collide and thrust up crust material to produce the mountains.

The evidence to support the supercontinent theory is not just in tectonic plate theory, it's in the relationships between life on and between different continents. When land masses split and separated populations of plants and animals, they evolved differently to form new species. The intricacies of these inter-species relationships and genetic heritage can be used to track the nature of how the landmasses interacted over time.

Related Questions

Which action in the biology laboratory would be most likely to result in an accident?

Answers

Mixing chemicals that you are not familiar with an horseplay

Answer:

C,throwing a test tube at another student

Explanation:

List two ways that the cell moves things by active transport

Answers

Oxygen, food molecules, and waste products all must pass through the cell membrane. Substances that can move into and out of a cell do so by one of three methods: diffusion, osmosis, or active transport.

An episodic narrative involves parts which are not closely interrelated.

Answers

An episodic narrative, it is only connected by time and place of unrelated characters as well as it also tell us that life can be tell us a meaningful story. The narrative point of view gives a sense of feeling in the storytelling. A series of interconnected scenes.

PLZ HALP!!! What happens during interphase that allows the two resulting cells to be the same as the original cell?

Answers

The cells DNA is copied and so two identical daughter cells are made

Answer:

Inter phase is the resting phase between two cell cycles

Explanation:

The inter phase is the longest phase in the life cycle of a cell and is also known as resting phase of the cell in which the cell performs the following activities -

a) Cell acquire nutrients

b) Cell creates proteins and other molecules and uses them

c) Cell also starts replicating DNA molecule

c) Cell starts preparing for the process of cells division

There are three stages in a cell cycle -

a) Gap 1 phase

b) Synthesis phase

c) Gap 2 phase

The major function of inter phase is to prepare cell for cell division.

The majority of damage caused by volcanoes is from lava flows. T or F

Answers

True.
The most damage created by the volcano is caused by lava flows, as it destroys everything in its path (with high amount temperature).

i believe that statement is false.
The majority of damage caused by volcanoes is caused by earthquake, toxic gas and its volcanic ash. Indeed technically lava would be the most destructive, but it rarely came in big volume and usually only cover the small area near the volcanoes.
The volcanic earthquake, ash and the gas on the other hand, could cause damage even to towns that exist miles apart from the volcanoes.

Whats the Difference among herbivore, carnivore, omnivore, detritivore and decomposer

Answers

herbivore: an animal that only eats plants
carnivore: an animal that only eats meat (other animals)
omnivore: an animal that eats both plants and meat
detritivore: an animal that feeds on dead organic material
decomposer: An organism that decomposes organic material

hope this helps

The difference between carnivores, herbivores, omnivores, detritivores, decomposers, scavengers, and predator/prey. such as: Eat both plants and other animals. Feed on dead organisms (but not waste products).

The ______________ is the part of the brain that regulates breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, and reflexes.

Answers

Medulla is the part of the brain that controls breathing, heart rate, blood pressure and reflexes.

Final answer:

The brainstem is responsible for the regulation of numerous vital functions, including breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure, with the medulla, in particular, overseeing these processes.

Explanation:

The brainstem is the part of the brain that regulates breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, and reflexes. This hindbrain structure controls automated processes critical for life, connecting the brain with the spinal cord. Within the brainstem, the medulla specifically oversees vital unconscious functions such as breathing, blood pressure, and heart rate. The brainstem also includes other parts like the midbrain and the pons, which together support a range of automatic functions necessary for our survival.

Assume all organisms scale isometrically. let l and m denote the length and body mass of an individual, respectively. as cross-sectional area of a muscle is proportional to _______ and l is proportional to _______, we have that strength is proportional to _____.

Answers

Assume all organisms scale isometrically. Let L and M denote the length and body mass of an individual, respectively. As cross-sectional area of a muscle is proportional to L2 and L is proportional to M1/3, we have that strength is proportional to M2/3.

As cross-sectional area of a Muscle is proportional to __L2_____ and l is proportional to __M1/3_____, we have that strength is proportional to __M2/3.___.

Isometric scaling

Isometric scaling is the preservation of proportional relationships even as size of organisms changes through growth

Since it is assumed that all the organisms scale isometrically and also Given that L denotes the length and m denotes body mass of an individual the cross-sectional area of a muscle is proportional to L2 while I is proportional to M1/3 and the strength will be proportional to M2/3.

Hence we can conclude that As cross-sectional area of a Muscle is proportional to __L2_____ and l is proportional to __M1/3_____, we have that strength is proportional to __M2/3.___.

Learn more about isometric scaling : https://brainly.com/question/4057530

In gluconeogenesis, during the postabsorptive state, amino acids and ________ are converted to glucose.

Answers

The answer is Glycerol

Hope this helps

What characteristics of organisms older than 540 million years ago makes fossils?

Answers

I'm not exactly sure what makes fossils but they used to not have hard bodied organisms they were soft.

The simplest structured unit of a compound is a(n):
electron
atom
proton
molecule

Answers

the answer is molecule

An atom, all are made of atoms, which means atom is the smallest, simplest.

Difference between ancestral and derived traits

Answers

Primitive traits are those inherited from distant ancestors. Derived traits are those that just appeared (by mutation) in the most recent ancestor -- the one that gave rise to a newly formed branch. Of course, what's primitive or derived is relative to what branch an organism is on.

In a 3-year-old with fever, which occurrence might precipitate a febrile seizure?

Answers

Febrile seizure most commonly occurs in infants of 6 months of age to toddlers till 5 years old. It is characterized by fever that in most of the cases are harmless. The occurrence of fever more than 102 degree Fahrenheit may lead to febrile seizure. Febrile seizure occurs during the first 24 hrs of high fever. These are convulsions that occurs when the child is suffering from high fever and may last for more than 15 minutes. The convulsions may involve shaking and twitching, rolling eyes and unconsciousness.
If a child had febrile seizure in the first year of life, he/she can have it again. It also depends on the parent's history of having febrile seizure.

Final answer:

A febrile seizure in a 3-year-old with fever can occur due to a rapid increase in body temperature, often as a result of an infection such as the flu or an ear infection. Most febrile seizures are short and not indicative of long-term problems, but they can sometimes signal an underlying condition like epilepsy.

Explanation:

In a 3-year-old with fever, febrile seizures may precipitate due to the sudden spike in body temperature often associated with infection. Febrile seizures are most common in young children between the ages of 6 months and 5 years and can occur when a child's temperature rises quickly. Common infections that might lead to a fever and subsequently a febrile seizure include influenza, ear infections, or after immunizations. However, it's important to note that not all fevers in children will lead to seizures, and most febrile seizures are relatively short and don't typically lead to long-term health problems. Nonetheless, in some cases, seizures in young children may indicate an underlying condition, such as epilepsy, especially if they recur without a fever or are of a specific type or duration.

Calcite and aragonite minerals that constitute clam shells are examples of which method of mineral formation?

Answers

The answer is biomineralization, which occurs when minerals are produced by living organisms. This often provides more protection due to the hardening of natural tissue in the organism. In mollusks and clams, the the biomineralization process that forms the shell can make it 3,000 times stronger than the individual minerals.

The correct method of mineral formation for calcite and aragonite minerals that constitute clam shells is biogenic precipitation.

Biogenic precipitation is a process where minerals are formed as a result of biological activity. In the case of clam shells, the organism (clam) extracts calcium and carbonate ions from the surrounding water to form the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are both calcium carbonate (CaCO3) but have different crystal structures. These minerals are then deposited in an organized manner to create the hard, protective shell of the clam. This biological process is a key example of biomineralization, where living organisms produce minerals that often have specific functions, such as providing structure and protection.

Vacuoles are ________. manufactured by ribosomes found only in plant cells composed of microtubules membranous sacs

Answers

Final answer:

Vacuoles are membranous sacs present in eukaryotic cells and are involved in storage and transport. They are distinct from ribosomes, which are not membrane-bound and are involved in protein synthesis. Vacuoles are prominent in plant cells but are also found in animal cells, albeit smaller and less permanent.

Explanation:

Vacuoles are membranous sacs essential for the storage and transport of substances within eukaryotic cells. They are enclosed by a single membrane and vary in function from one cell type to another. In plant cells, vacuoles play several roles, including maintaining turgor pressure, storage of nutrients, and waste products, and can contain enzymes that break down macromolecules. In contrast to vesicles, vacuole membranes do not fuse with other cellular membranes. Although vacuoles are present in some animal cells, they are more prevalent and larger in plant cells, often consolidating into a single large central vacuole as the plant cell matures.

Ribosomes, another cellular component often mistaken with vacuoles, are the sites of protein synthesis. However, unlike vacuoles, ribosomes are not membrane-bound and are composed of ribosomal proteins and RNA. They can be found attached to the endoplasmic reticulum or floating freely within the cytoplasm. It's clear that vacuoles are not manufactured by ribosomes, nor are they composed of microtubules. They have specialized functions that are crucial for the cell's viability and operation.

Many dogs bark when unknown individuals approach their house. what type of interaction is this?
a. mutualism
b. predation
c. symbiosis
d. competition please select the best answer from the choices provided

Answers

The answer is It's D: Competition

Answer: The correct answer is- d. competition.

Competition can be described as a biological interaction between individuals belonging to same ( intraspecific) or two or more different species ( interspecific) for territory, food, and other resources.

Dogs bark at unknown individuals, when they approach their house. By this behavior, they exhibit defense for their territory. This behavior is exhibited because dog is fearful and perceives strangers as a threat to their territory.

Thus, option d) is the right answer.

The brain of a person with alzheimer's disease shows excessive amounts of

Answers

the protein
β-amyloid (Aβ)

Answer: The person who has Alzheimer's disease shows excessive amount of amyloid plaques and tangled bundles of fibers.

Explanation:

The symptoms of the Alzheimer's disease shows many symptoms which includes memory loss, language problem and many other unpredictable behaviors.

The presence of tangles and plaques in the brain are reason of Alzheimer's. The loss of connection between the nerve cells shows many symptoms like abnormal behavior, loss of memory et cetera.

Jake wants to enrich the nitrogen content of his soil through fixation. Which crop can he use for this purpose?

Answers

Answer:

Alfalfa

Explanation:

For a given po₂, hemoglobin unloads more oxygen at ____________ temperatures.

Answers

temp-hgher temp results in more unloading bohr effect-A more active tissue generates more CO2, which lowers its pH and that induces more O2 unloading bisphosphoglycerate (BPG)-A metabolite in RBCs that binds to oxyhemoglobin and promotes O2 unloading

Seismic waves and water can weaken soil, causing it to move. This is called _____.

A.flooding
B.liquefaction
C.seismic shifting
D.earthquake erosion

Answers

this is called LIQUEFACTION

The correct answer from these choices is liquefaction.

Which statement describes the role of the organism indicated by the blue arrow in the food web?

A. A primary producer that recycles organic molecules from sunlight
B. A secondary consumer that obtains its energy from the consumption of animals
C. A primary consumer that obtains its energy from the consumption of animals
D. A secondary consumer that recycles organic molecules by breaking them down

Answers

B. A secondary consumer that obtains its energy from the consumption of animals.

The red-tailed hawk is a secondary consumer because it feeds itself on primary consumers (those that eat plants, herbivores). Secondary consumers, by definition, obtain their energy from eating other animals. Secondary consumers are also usually the ones that stand on the second and above rows of a food chain, being the plants at the bottom and the primary consumers just above the plants.

Answer:

B. A secondary consumer that obtains its energy from the consumption of animals.

Explanation:

The red-tailed hawk is a secondary consumer because it feeds itself on primary consumers those that eat plants, herbivores. Secondary consumers, by definition, obtain their energy from eating other animals. Secondary consumers are also usually the ones that stand on the second and above rows of a food chain, being the plants at the bottom and the primary consumers just above the plants.

What cell parts are found only in plant cells? What are found only in animal cells? Use complete sentences.

Answers

Answer:

Plant cell parts are cell wall, chloroplast. Animal cell parts are centrosomes and lysosomes.

Explanation:

Animal and plant cells are eukaryotic cells but still shows many structural differences.

Plant cells contain chloroplast because they perform the process of photosynthesis. Animal cells lack chloroplast. Cell wall is present in plant cells and absent in animal cells.

Animal cells have centrosomes that helps in the formation of spindle fibers,. Lysosomes perform the process of cellular digestion in animals.

Thus, plant cells have cell wall and chloroplast whereas animal cells have lysosomes and centrosomes.

Cell parts which are found only in plants cells include the

following:

Cell wallChloroplast.

Cell parts which are found only in animals cells include the

following:

CentrosomesLysosomes.

What are Organelles?

These are regarded as cell parts which are involved in various

activities in the cell.

Plant and animals have different cell parts as listed above due

to different biochemical activities which takes place within them

Read more about Organelles here https://brainly.com/question/14029612

Why is cellular respiration important to the biosphere?

Answers

Because it helps living things that cannot create its own energy get energy

Why does sexual reproduction result in more genetic variation than asexual reproduction?

Answers

Sexual reproduction provides genetic diversity because the sperm and egg that are produced contain different combinations of genes than the parent organisms. ... Each resulting cell, or gamete, resulting from meiosis has only half the amount of DNA as the parent cell.

If a single mutation turns off the growth of some pairs of legs within an organism what's most likely affective

A.) A deleted gene
B.) A Hox gene
C.) A substituted gene
D.) A duplicated gene

Answers

If a single mutation turns off the growth of some pairs of legs within an organism a hox gene will most likely be affected. so the answe is (b)

Ans.

In vertebrates, genes responsible for the growth and development of limbs in developing embryos are known as Hox genes (homeotic-box genes). Along with limb development, these genes include a group of genes that control the head-tail axis and body plan of developing embryo.

A single mutation in a Hox genes can lead to formation of mutated Hox protein and turn off the growth of legs in an organism.

Thus, the correct answer is 'option B). a Hox gene.'

In which stage of the design process does the designer conduct a beta test

Answers

Final answer:

A beta test in the design process is conducted during the testing and evaluation phase, after creating prototypes and before finalizing the design for implementation.

Explanation:

In the design process, a beta test is typically conducted during the testing and evaluation stages, after a prototype has been developed. Beta testing is part of the iterative process of refinement, where the prototype is evaluated to discover any weaknesses or potential improvements within the design. This may involve multiple iterations, with each one designed to enhance the previous version. If the beta test reveals significant issues, the design process may return to earlier stages, such as revisiting the design concept or making more prototypes. Only once the design has been sufficiently refined and meets all the criteria and constraints is it ready for implementation and, ultimately, manufacturing and selling. This iterative and spiral process is essential for creating a high-quality, reliable design ready for the market.

BIOLOGY PLEASE HELP!!!

Describe the arrangement of the lipids in the cell membrane and explain how this arrangement benefits the cell.

Answers

Lipids are apart of the cell membrane and they are known as phospholipids becuase they have both a polar and an nonpolar side.
The head is polar
and the body is nonpolar. This keeps the outside of the cell and the cell differentiated.
the phospholids tails (the non-polar part) are unsaturdated fattty acids.
Unsaturdated fatty acids are chains that are not straights and are slightly bent(kinks) This allows for the cell membrane layer to be fluid

What biodiversity restoration method can biologists follow to increase the density of trees and the canopy thickness in an area to recreate suitable habitats for wildlife and fight climate change?

biological augmentation

bioremediation

canopy fogging

hotspot protection

reforestation

Answers

Reforestation is a biodiversity method that can increase the biodiversity by replanting with trees. Reforestation will help forest recuperate from logging, rest fires and human abuse. Replanting trees will increase the density and variety of the trees and by doing so, wildlife will also increase. Although reforestation is a common approach to relive forest, forest management is still needed to maintain the endemic or native species.

Answer:

The Correct Answer is "Reforestation".

Explanation:

Reforestation is the genuine and intentional method of re-establishing remain forests that have been decreased by various human and natural activities such as deforestation and natural calamities.Reforestation develops the quality of human life by drenched up pollution and dust from the Air.Scientist and biologists use the reforestation method to increase the density and thickness of the trees and also plant more and more trees.

What product of the preparatory phase of glycolysis is required in the payoff phase, but at twice the concentration?

Answers

ADP - Adenosine diphosphate, morevoer known as adenosine pyrophosphate, is an vital natural compound in metabolism and is fundamental to the stream of energy in living cells. ADP comprises of 3 critical auxiliary components : a sugar spine connected to adenine and two phosphate fortified to the 5 carbon atom of ribose.

Asexual reproduction is not as widespread in (plants, animals) as it is in (plants,animals) .

Answers

Asexual reproduction is not as widespreaded in animals as it is in plants.

Answer:

Asexual reproduction is not widespread in animals as it is in plants.

Explanation:

Animals are mostly undergoing sexual reproduction to get diverse genetic combinations that is essential for survival. It is also necessary for the population to adapt to the changes in their surroundings.

If it was asexual mode of reproduction, then the offspring needs to depend on mutations of the chromosomes to get the genetic diversity. But it is known that for mutation to happen it takes a long time or it does not happen often.

Hence, animals with asexaul mode are found to be at disadvantage that those with sexual mode of reproduction.

Asexual modes of reproduction is widespread in plants.

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