Water has a high specific heat capacity, which means it requires a lot of energy to change its temperature due to the hydrogen bonding among its molecules. This makes it slow to heat up and cool down, which is used by warm-blooded animals and affects the temperature of land and sea.
Water absorbs and releases large amounts of heat before its temperature changes because water has a high specific heat capacity. This capacity is due to the extensive hydrogen bonding among water molecules. Specific heat is the amount of heat needed for one gram of a substance to absorb or lose to change its temperature by one degree Celsius. Water's amount is one calorie or 4.184 Joules. Therefore, it takes a long time for water to heat and cool compared to other substances like sand, which has a specific heat capacity approximately five times lower than that of water.
The high heat capacity of water also has practical applications, such as warm-blooded animals using water to regulate and disperse heat throughout their bodies, much like a car's cooling system. This property also explains why the land cools faster than the sea.
Which refers to the amount of a solute that will dissolve in a given volume of solvent at a given temperature and pressure
Answer:
The correct answer is solubility.
Explanation:
Solubility is illustrated as the maximum concentration of solute, which can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a specific pressure and temperature. Each solute exhibits a specific solubility. The solubility is generally articulated in the form of solute per 100 ml or grams or solvent, at a specific temperature and pressure.
what is the systematic study of the natural world
Which of the following values is equal to 1 micrometer?
A.) 0.000001 meter
B.) 0.001 meter
C.) 1,000 meter
D.) 1,000,000 meter
Answer : Option A) 0.000001 meter
Explanation : The value which will be equal to 1 micrometer will be 0.000001 meter.
As the conversion factor for 1 μm = [tex] 1 X 10^{-6} [/tex] m
So while converting micrometer to meter will be by converting micrometer to meter [tex] 1 X 10^{-6} [/tex] m in decimal it will be 0.000001 meter.
0.000001 meter is the measurement that equates to 1 micrometer. Hence option A is correct.
What is calibration in measurement?The process of calibrating a device involves comparing its measurement values to those of a calibration standard with known accuracy. A good example is one in the given option 0.000001 meter
Since accurate measurements are essential to the quality, safety, and innovation of the majority of the goods and services we use and rely on every day, calibration is crucial to ensure accurate measurements.
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Consider the reaction 2AI(OH)3 + 3H2SO4 mc006-1.jpg X + 6Y. What are X and Y?
X = AI2(SO4)3; Y = H2O
X = AI2(SO4)3; Y = H2
X = AI2(SO3)3; Y = H2O
X = AI2(SO3)3; Y = H2
Answer is: X = Al₂(SO₄)₃; Y = H₂O.
Balanced chemical reaction:
2Al(OH)₃ + 3H₂SO₄ → Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 6H₂O.
Al(OH)₃ is aluminium hydroxide.
H₂SO₄ is sulfuric acid.
Al₂(SO₄)₃ is salt aluminium sulfate. Aluminium has oxidation number +3 and sulfate has charge -2.
H₂O is water.
Acids and bases when react (neutralisation) produce salt and water.
The value of X and Y in the equation is:
A. The value of X is Al₂(SO₄)₃
B. The value of Y is H₂O
What is a chemical equationChemical equations are representations of chemical reactions using symbols and formula of the reactants and products.
The reactants are located on the left side while the products are located on the right side.
Reactants —> Products
How to determine X and YTo determine the value of X and Y, we shall write the balanced equation for the reaction. This is given below:
2Al(OH)₃ + 3H₂SO₄ → X + 6Y
Al(OH)₃ + H₂SO₄ → Al₂(SO₄)₃ + H₂O
There are 2 atoms of Al on the right side and 1 atom on the left. It can be balanced by writing 2 before Al(OH)₃ as shown below:
2Al(OH)₃ + H₂SO₄ → Al₂(SO₄)₃ + H₂O
There are a total of 8 atoms of H on the left side and 2 atoms on the right side. It can be balanced by writing 3 before H₂SO₄ and 6 before H₂O as shown below:
2Al(OH)₃ + 3H₂SO₄ → Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 6H₂O
Now, the equation is balanced.
Comparing the above balance equation with:
2Al(OH)₃ + 3H₂SO₄ → X + 6Y
The value of X and Y is:
X = Al₂(SO₄)₃Y = H₂OLearn more about chemical equation:
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Which element is most likely to bend without breaking?
Answer:
cobalt (Co) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
The is most likely to bend without breaking element is cobalt because of the following properties.
Cobalt is a ferromagnetic metal.Cobalt is a brittle and hard element.cobalt is not a nonmetal, it is a metal and metals are malleable and ductile means they can bend without breaking.Hence Cobalt in their solid form they can be easily bent and changed into thin films without breaking
Which of these statements best describes the relationship between matter, pure substances, and mixtures?
A. Pure substances can be divided into two groups; matter and mixtures.
B. Matter can be divided into two groups; pure substances and mixtures.
C. Mixtures and matter are two of many different types of pure substances.
D. Pure substances and matter are two of many different types of mixtures.
The answer is: B. Matter can be divided into two groups; pure substances and mixtures.
Pure substance is made of only one type of atom or only one type of molecule, it has definite and constant composition with distinct chemical properties.
For example, aluminium is an element and ammonia is compound.
Mixtures are physical combinations of pure substances that have no definite or constant composition.
what is the difference between cytokinesis and mitosis
Mitosis and cytokinesis are two processes in the cell division cycle. Mitosis refers to the division of the cell nucleus and occurs before cytokinesis. Cytokinesis is the final step that divides the cell into two separate daughter cells.
Explanation:Mitosis and cytokinesis are two crucial processes in the cell division cycle. Mitosis refers to the division of the nucleus, where the contents of the nucleus get divided equitably and distributed between its two halves. This process is divided into four major stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Cytokinesis, however, occurs after mitosis and is the process that divides the cell's cytoplasm and body into two separate cells, becoming the final step in the cell division process. In animal cells, this usually begins during the late anaphase and involves a contractile ring composed of actin filaments. For plant cells, which have cell walls, the process is a bit different.
So basically, mitosis is the process by which the cell nucleus divides, whereas cytokinesis is the process that completes cell division by splitting the cell itself into two new cells.
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2.22 moles of HCl are dissolved in enough water to make 1.5 liters of solution.
Show work.
A. 1.0 M
B. 1.25 M
C. 1.5 M
D. 2.0 M
E. 2.5 M
To find the molarity of the HCl solution, divide the number of moles of HCl (2.22) by the volume of the solution (1.5 L), which results in a molarity of 1.48 M. This is rounded to 1.5 M to match the closest given answer option.
The question is asking you to calculate the molarity of the HCl solution when 2.22 moles of HCl are dissolved in 1.5 liters of water. Molarity (M) is defined as the number of moles of solute (in this case HCl) divided by the volume of the solution in liters. To calculate the molarity, follow these steps:
Write down the known values: moles of HCl (moles) = 2.22 moles, volume of solution (V) = 1.5 L.
Use the molarity formula: M = moles/V.
Calculate molarity: M = 2.22 moles / 1.5 L = 1.48 M.
Since molarity has to be reported to correct significant figures, and given options do not include 1.48 M, we round to the closest given option, which is 1.5 M (C).
How many moles of carbon dioxide are produced when 0.2 mol of sodium carbonate reacts with excess hydrochloric acid?
A sample of fluorine gas exerts a pressure of 900 mmHg. When the pressure is changed to 1140 mmHg, the volume is 250 mL. What was the original volume?
What is the mass of exactly 1 mol of the following elements osmium, Cesium, krypton
Answer: The mass of osmium is 190.23 g/mol, cesium is 132.9 g/mol and that of krypton is 83.8 g/mol
Explanation:
Molar mass is defined as the mass of 1 mole of an element. It is expressed in g/mol.
For the given elements:
Osmium is 76th element of the periodic table having mass of 190.23 u
Molar mass of osmium = 190.23 g/mol
Cesium is 55th element of the periodic table having mass of 132.9 u
Molar mass of cesium = 132.9 g/mol
Krypton is 36th element of the periodic table having mass of 83.8 u
Molar mass of krypton = 83.8 g/mol
Hence, the mass of osmium is 190.23 g/mol, cesium is 132.9 g/mol and that of krypton is 83.8 g/mol
What conclusion can be made from Ernest Rutherford's the gold foil experiment
It’s laundry day at Dan’s house, so he plugs in his electric iron. What transformation of energy takes place inside the iron? The iron converts energy into energy.
Answer: Electrical and Thermal.
Explanation:
Tungsten is used in light bulbs because its high...
Answer:
[tex]\large \boxed{\mathrm{melting \ point}}[/tex]
Explanation:
Tungsten is used in light bulbs because its high melting point. Tungsten has a high melting point of [tex]\sf 3422 \ \°C[/tex].
Tungsten also has the lowest vapor pressure and the highest tensile strength out of all the metals.
Which two particles re most similar in mass?
Chemical energy in burning wood is changed into thermal energy. The thermal energy is absorbed by water, which boils to produce steam. The thermal energy is changed into kinetic energy in the moving steam. The kinetic energy is used to turn a turbine, which converts the kinetic energy into electricity. Which sentence best describes this system?
Answer:
C. It involves both energy transformation and energy transfer.
which of the following is an electric charge?
a. north
b. south
c. neutral
d. unassigned
what is scientific theory?
A theory that explains scientific observation.
scientific theories must be falsifiable
a distance of one centimeter is the same as ?
a. 100m
b. 10m
c. .01m
d. 1000 m
What was the major weakness of Wegener's theory of continental drift
Alfred Wegener proposed the continental drift theory in four reasons. One, he hypothesized that the continents were once a giant continent. Two, he observed that there are fossils found of the same kind in the different locations. Three, he found that the edge of opposing continents somehow fits if they are combined, almost like a puzzle. And four, there are glacial scars that are left behind by a larger glacial continent. His greatest weakness of Alfred Wegeners’ continental drift theory was he could not explain what kind of force that caused this continents to move far from each other.
. From left to right across a period in the periodic table, elements become less ___________ and more ______________ in their properties. 26. Francium has 36 isotopes, but only francium-223 occurs in nature. Francium-223 spontaneously emits particles and energy, so francium-223 is a(an) _____________ of francium. 27. At sea level, water ______________ at 100°C. 28. Cooking requires continuous addition of energy to the chemical reactions that are taking place. The chemical reactions involved in cooking can be described as __________________.
25. From left to right across a period in the periodic table, elements become less ___metalic________ and more _____nonmetalic _________ in their properties.
26. Francium has 36 isotopes, but only francium-223 occurs in nature. Francium-223 spontaneously emits particles and energy, so francium-223 is a(an) ______radioctiveistoop_______ of francium.
27. At sea level, water boils at 100°C.
28. Cooking requires continuous addition of energy to the chemical reactions that are taking place. The chemical reactions involved in cooking can be described as ______endothgermic____________.
29. The _______kinetic energy_________ theory of matter states that all particles of matter are in constant motion.
30. In Rutherford’s experiments, some of the _alpha particles____aimed at gold atoms bounced back, suggesting that a solid mass was at the center of the atom.
31. You are given the melting points of three unknown substances and are asked to predict which one is an ionic compound. You would select the compound with the ________highest________ melting point.
What is the ∆G for the following reaction under standard conditions (T = 298 K) for the formation of NH4NO3(s)? 2NH3(g) + 2O2(g) NH4NO3(s) + H2O(l) Given: NH4NO3(s): ∆Hf = -365.56 kJ ∆Sf = 151.08 J/K. NH3(g): ∆Hf = -46.11 kJ ∆Sf = 192.45 J/K. H2O(l): ∆Hf = -285.830 kJ ∆Sf = 69.91 J/K. O2(g): ∆Hf = 0.00 kJ ∆Sf = 205 J/K. 186.6 kJ 6.9 kJ -10.4 kJ -126.3 kJ -382 kJ
Answer: The [tex]\Delta G[/tex] for the reaction is -382 kJ.
Explanation:
For the following reaction:
[tex]2NH_3(g)+2O_2(g)\rightarrow NH_4NO_3(s)+H_2O(l)[/tex]
Equation used to calculate [tex]\Delta H_{rxn}[/tex] is:[tex]\Delta H_{rxn}=\sum \Delta H_{products}-\sum \Delta H_{reactants}[/tex]
We are given:
[tex]\Delta H_{NH_3}=-46.11kJ/mol\\\Delta H_{O_2}=0.00kJ/mol\\\Delta H_{NH_4NO_3}=-365.56kJ/mol\\\Delta H_{H_2O}=-285.830kJ/mol[/tex]
[tex]\Delta H_{rxn}[/tex] for the reaction is calculated by:
[tex]\Delta H_{rxn}=[1(\Delta H_{NH_4NO_3})+1(\Delta H_{H_2O})]-[2(\Delta H_{NH_3})+2(\Delta H_{O_2})][/tex]
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]\Delta H_{rxn}=[1(-365.56)+1(-285.83)]-[2(-46.11)+2(0)]kJ\\\\\Delta H_{rxn}=-559.17kJ=559170J[/tex]
Equation used to calculate [tex]\Delta S_{rxn}[/tex] is:[tex]\Delta S_{rxn}=\sum \Delta S_{products}-\sum \Delta S_{reactants}[/tex]
We are given:
[tex]\Delta S_{NH_3}=192.45J/K\\\Delta S_{O_2}=205J/K\\\Delta S_{NH_4NO_3}=151.08J/K\\\Delta S_{H_2O}=69.91J/K[/tex]
[tex]\Delta S_{rxn}[/tex] for the reaction is calculated by:
[tex]\Delta S_{rxn}=[1(\Delta S_{NH_4NO_3})+1(\Delta S_{H_2O})]-[2(\Delta S_{NH_3})+2(\Delta S_{O_2})][/tex]
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]\Delta S_{rxn}=[1(151.08)+1(69.91)]-[2(192.45)+2(205)]J/K\\\\\Delta S_{rxn}=-573.91J/K[/tex]
Now, to calculate [tex]\Delta G[/tex], the equation used is:[tex]\Delta G=\Delta H-T\Delta S[/tex]
We are given:
[tex]\Delta H=-559170J\\T=298K\\\Delta S=-573.91J/K\\[/tex]
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]\Delta G=(-559170J)-[298K\times (-573.91J/K)]\\\\\Delta G=-382kJ[/tex]
Hence, the [tex]\Delta G[/tex] for the reaction is -382 kJ.
In multicellular organisms the process of cell division leads to what
A 50.0-mL sample of a 1.50 M NaOH solution is titrated with a 2.90 M HCl solution. What will be the final volume (sample + titrant) of solution when the NaOH has been completely neutralized by the HCl?
To neutralize a 50.0-mL sample of a 1.50 M NaOH solution with a 2.90 M HCl solution, you need 25.86 mL of HCl. Thus, the final volume of the solution when the NaOH has been completely neutralized by the HCl is 75.86 mL.
Explanation:First, you need to calculate the amount (moles) of NaOH in your original solution. To do this, multiply the volume of your solution (in liters) by the molarity. This yields (50.0 mL / 1000 mL/L) x 1.50 mol/L = 0.075 mol NaOH.
Next, use the balanced neutralization reaction between HCl and NaOH:
HCl (aq) + NaOH (aq) → H2O (l) + NaCl (aq)
From this reaction, we can see that one mole of HCl reacts with one mole of NaOH to produce one mole of water and one mole of sodium chloride.
Given that you have 0.075 moles of NaOH, you will need an equivalent amount of HCl for neutralization. Knowing the concentration of your HCl solution (2.9 M), calculate the volume of HCl required using the formula:
Volume = moles / molarity = 0.075 mol / 2.90 mol/L = 0.02586 L or 25.86 mL of HCl.
The final volume of the solution is ultimately the sum of the original NaOH solution volume and the volume of HCl titrant added: 50.0 mL + 25.86 mL = 75.86 mL.
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Mr. Adams asked his students to write the chemical symbols for the element zinc. He wrote the student's answers on the whiteboard. Which answer is correct?
Answer:
The chemical symbol of zinc element is Zn.
Explanation:
The chemical symbol of zinc element is 'Zn'.
Zinc is a metal belonging 3-d transition series metal with atomic number 30 and atomic mass of 65.38 g/mol. It has blue silvery appearances.
The electronic configuration of Zinc:
[tex\]Zn=[Ar]3d^{10}4s^2[/tex]
Liquids and solids are referred to as “condensed phases” because the attractive forces are?
Explanation:
Condensed phase means that there is less space between the molecules of a matter. And a condensed phase do not compress easily so basically, they resist compression.
For example, solids and liquids are both condensed phases as there is less space between their particles and hence they are closer as compared to particles of a gaseous phase.
Though they have fixed volume but both of them are resistant to compression.
Therefore, we can conclude that liquids and solids are referred to as “condensed phases” because the attractive forces leave little space between the molecules.
Is this equation balanced and in the lowest form? 4NH3 → 2N2 + 6H2 Yes, because there are equal amounts of atoms of each element on both sides. No, because the coefficients could be reduced to 2,1, and 3. Yes, because the coefficients are in their lowest whole number ratio. No, because the coefficients could be reduced to 2, 2, and 4.
Answer: The given equation is not balanced in its lowest form because the coefficients could be reduced to 2, 1 and 3.
Explanation: We are given a equation but it is not balanced in its lowest form, so to reduce it into its lowest form, we divide the whole equation by 2.
The equation becomes:
[tex]2NH_3\rightarrow N_2+3H_2[/tex]
The coefficients for the equation are 2, 1 and 3.
silver tarnishes when it comes into contact with hydrogen sulfide in the air.
physical property or chemical property
Final answer:
Silver tarnishing is a chemical property, as it involves a reaction between silver and hydrogen sulfide in the air to form silver sulfide. This process alters the composition of the silver, differentiating it from physical properties.
Explanation:
The tarnishing of silver is a result of a chemical reaction between silver and hydrogen sulfide in the air. When silver tarnishes, it essentially reacts with hydrogen sulfide gas to form a compound called silver sulfide, which has a dark, streaky black appearance. The chemical equation for this reaction is 2 Ag(s) + H₂S(g) → Ag₂S(s) + H₂(g). This tarnish is not simply a surface dirt or residue that can be washed off, but a fundamental change in the surface layer of the silver object itself, which is why tarnishing is considered a chemical property.
The formation of silver sulfide (tarnish) indicates a change in the composition of the silver item, which differentiates this chemical property from physical properties that do not involve a change in chemical composition. Physical properties can include melting point, density, or color in a physical state, whereas chemical properties involve the substance's ability to undergo a specific chemical change. In this context, the tarnishing of silver aligns with other chemical properties such as the ability of iron to rust or for substances to burn, rot, explode, decompose, or ferment.
Which of the following measurements is equal to 150 dL?
A) .015 daL
B) 0.15 L
C) 1,500 cL
D) 150,000 mL
Final answer:
The correct answers are C) 1,500 centiliters (cL) and D) 150,000 milliliters (mL) because both equal 150 deciliters (dL) after conversion.
Explanation:
The student's question asks which of the following measurements is equal to 150 deciliters (dL): A) .015 dekaliters (daL), B) 0.15 liters (L), C) 1,500 centiliters (cL), or D) 150,000 milliliters (mL). Converting these options to deciliters will help us find the correct answer:
Option A: 0.015 daL is equal to 1.5 dL (because 1 daL = 10 dL).Option B: 0.15 L is equal to 15 dL (because 1 L = 10 dL).Option C: 1,500 cL is equal to 150 dL (because 1 cL = 0.1 dL).Option D: 150,000 mL is equal to 150 dL (because 1,000 mL = 1 L and 1 L = 10 dL).So, both options C and D are correct. They both equal 150 dL when converted.
which of the following must be cleaned and sanitized
Critical items must be sterile, semicritical items require a high level of disinfection, and noncritical items need to be clean but not highly disinfected.
The items that must be cleaning and sanitizing items include:
Critical items: These are items that will be used inside the body, such as surgical instruments, catheters, and intravenous fluids. They must be sterile.
Semicritical items: Examples of these items include gastrointestinal endoscopes and equipment for respiratory therapies.
They may contact mucous membranes or nonintact skin but do not penetrate tissues.
Semicritical items do not typically need to be sterilized but do require a high level of disinfection.
Noncritical items: These are items that may only contact intact skin. Examples include bed linens, furniture, crutches, stethoscopes, and blood pressure cuffs.
These items need to be clean but not highly disinfected.
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