What are contributions of Ancient Africa?

Please state at least 3...

Answers

Answer 1
Surely only a few of us know that many modern high-school-level concepts in mathematics first were developed in Africa, as was the first method of counting. More than 35,000 years ago, Egyptians scripted textbooks about math that included division and multiplication of fractions and geometric formulas to calculate the area and volume of shapes (3). Distances and angles were calculated, algebraic equations were solved and mathematically based predictions were made of the size of floods of the Nile. The ancient Egyptians considered a circle to have 360 degrees and estimated Π at 3.16 (3).

Eight thousand years ago, people in present-day Zaire developed their own numeration system, as did Yoruba people in what is now Nigeria. The Yoruba system was based on units of 20 (instead of 10) and required an impressive amount of subtraction to identify different numbers. Scholars have lauded this system, as it required much abstract reasoning (4).

Astronomy
Several ancient African cultures birthed discoveries in astronomy. Many of these are foundations on which we still rely, and some were so advanced that their mode of discovery still cannot be understood. Egyptians charted the movement of the sun and constellations and the cycles of the moon. They divided the year into 12 parts and developed a yearlong calendar system containing 365 ¼ days (3). Clocks were made with moving water and sundial-like clocks were used (3).

A structure known as the African Stonehenge in present-day Kenya (constructed around 300 B.C.) was a remarkably accurate calendar (5). The Dogon people of Mali amassed a wealth of detailed astronomical observations (6). Many of their discoveries were so advanced that some modern scholars credit their discoveries instead to space aliens or unknown European travelers, even though the Dogon culture is steeped in ceremonial tradition centered on several space events. The Dogon knew of Saturn’s rings, Jupiter’s moons, the spiral structure of the Milky Way and the orbit of the Sirius star system. Hundreds of years ago, they plotted orbits in this system accurately through the year 1990 (6). They knew this system contained a primary star and a secondary star (now called Sirius B) of immense density and not visible to the naked eye.

Metallurgy and tools
Many advances in metallurgy and tool making were made across the entirety of ancient Africa. These include steam engines, metal chisels and saws, copper and iron tools and weapons, nails, glue, carbon steel and bronze weapons and art (2, 7).

Advances in Tanzania, Rwanda and Uganda between 1,500 and 2,000 years ago surpassed those of Europeans then and were astonishing to Europeans when they learned of them. Ancient Tanzanian furnaces could reach 1,800°C — 200 to 400°C warmer than those of the Romans (8).
Answer 2
African people made the earliest, and the most important, scientific inventions, and they kept on making inventions right through antiquity and the Middle Ages.
use of fire
use of numbers 
stone tools 

People in Africa probably figured out how to use fire about 800,000 years ago (or maybe a little earlier). 

they began to make;
fish-hooks. By around 35,000 BC, African people were using tally sticks to keep track of numbers.
bows and arrows to hunt animals to eat, and maybe also to defend themselves 

Around 6000 BC, people in Sudan built circles of standing stones that may have marked astronomical events like the changing seasons. About 4000 BC, Sudanese people also tamed wild donkeys.

Related Questions

What was one way that colonial governments differed from the British government

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the answer is Colonists' rights were defined by formal documents. British rights were defined by laws and tradition.
colonial is basically an etended worker of the empire who imposed them to it. Colonists udually required to follow a certain law and tradition by the empire and required to fulfill a certain financial obligation for the empire with the exchange of 'security'

Colonel Joshua Chamberlain led a successful defense against the South at Little Top.

Answers

the answer is round. hope it helped :)

Answer:   The correct answer is : Little Round Top

Explanation:  Chamberlain led the most famous attack of the Civil War. Little Round Top was a hill located 650 feet high, it was clear of trees and could accommodate the troops very well, it was a strategic site for battle. When the ammunition was running out Chamberlain decided to load the bayonets and counterattack and thus obtained the victory.

Match the following men with their jobs before they became president: 1. George Washington actor 2. Andrew Johnson engineer 3. Teddy Roosevelt peanut farmer 4. Woodrow Wilson author 5. Herbert Hoover planter 6. Jimmy Carter teacher 7. Ronald Reagan tailor

Answers

Ooh, this sounds like a fun question to answer. 

✦ George Washington was a planter. 
✦ Andrew Johnson was a tailor. 
✦ Teddy Roosevelt was an author. 
✦ Woodrow Wilson was a teacher.
✦ Herbert Hoover was an engineer.
✦ Jimmy Carter was a peanut farmer.
✦ Ronald Reagan was an actor.

Hope that helps! ★ If you have further questions about this question or need more help, feel free to comment below or leave me a PM. -UnicornFudge aka Nadia 

George Washington - Planter

Andrew Johnson - Tailor

Teddy Roosevelt - Actor

Woodrow Wilson - Teacher

Herbert Hoover -Engineer

Jimmy Carter - Peanut Farmer

Ronald Reagan - Author

According to this text from the preamble to the declaration, who gives men their unalienable rights? their creator the british government the continental congress people who supported the king

Answers

It's A. You welcome.

The Declaration of Independence asserts that unalienable rights are granted by 'their Creator'. Governments are established to protect these rights, not to bestow them, and can be altered if they fail to do so.

According to the Preamble of the Declaration of Independence, it is stated that 'all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.' This suggests that it is not the British government, the Continental Congress, or the supporters of the king who grant these rights, but rather 'their Creator' is the source of these rights. The text emphasizes that the purpose of government is to secure these rights, not to grant them, and that people have the inherent authority to change or overthrow a government that becomes destructive to these rights, as was the sentiment against King George III during the American Revolution.

In the Roman republic _____.

Senators implemented the majority of laws

oligarchs were voted in and controlled the legal system

legislators served a direct-democracy

plebeians were able to propose amendments to laws

 Brainliest for whoever answers 1st within 10 minutes

Answers

Senators implemented the majority of laws

The correct answer is A Senators implemented the majority of laws. The senators were part of the Senate of the Republic that was the main authority in it because of the prestige the senators had. They were focused in the foreign policy, they supervised the military issues and when the power of the legislative assemblies diminished they assumed a more important role in the elaboration of laws.

What was the key to power for the three empires of west africa?

Answers

The key to power was there alliance, they were all united which made them very powerful.

what might happen if the governor and legislature do not agree on legislative priorities?

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Answer: Most Supreme Court rulings come from legislation that goes against the state constitution. The Legislature can rewrite the legislation to comply with what the court said. Example: Court says that a law is unconstitutional because it discriminates against women. Rewrite law to apply to everyone.
Final answer:

When the governor and legislature do not agree on legislative priorities, it can result in a lack of progress and difficulty in achieving the governor's agenda. This situation is known as a divided government. The governor may have to work harder to build relationships and find consensus.

Explanation:

When the governor and legislature do not agree on legislative priorities, it can result in a lack of progress and difficulty in achieving the governor's agenda. This situation is known as a divided government, where the governor's party does not control the legislature.

In this scenario, the governor may have to work harder to build relationships and find consensus. Additionally, the governor can veto legislation, but it can only become law if a supermajority of legislators overrides the veto. Threatening to veto can sometimes lead to concessions from legislators to the governor.

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Compare the Constitution of 1824 with the U.S. Constitution!

(I need help please tell me at least 4 comparisons!!)

Answers

the constitution of 1824 was the first constitution of the United States and it didn't really give people many rights and freedom like the constitution now

The two constitutions shared a lot in common.  Thomas Jefferson drafted the Constitution of 1824. Individual rights remained unaffected, the president's powers remained unchanged, and both genders were permitted to possess firearms.

The primary distinction was that states controlled religious freedom in the original draft.

What are the comparisons?

The United States' first constitution, which was adopted in 1824, "didn't truly grant citizens many rights and freedoms like the constitution does now.

Both the US Constitution and the Constitution of 1824 guaranteed the freedom of the press and the right to bear weapons. Although the US Constitution did not name a specific official religion, it did protect freedom of speech.

Contrarily, the Constitution of 1824 made Catholicism the Texas state religion and did not protect the right to free speech. Additionally, because they created a dictatorship, the Mexican Constitution gave the president less authority than the American president.

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What was one similarity between the encomienda and repartimiento systems of Spanish colonial America?
Both encouraged American Indians to become loyal Spanish subjects.
Both helped American Indians by providing them with food and shelter.
Both forced American Indians to work for colonists as farmers and miners.
Both gave American Indians the benefits of a Christian education.

Answers

Your answer is C Both forced American Indians to work for colonists as farmers and miners back in the "day" the colonist would force people to become slaves and do hard labor with very bad conditions and would get terrorized if not done or done correctly.

Your answer is C.

Answer:

C

Explanation:

The other guy said it

Why did the state of Georgia begin auctioning off Cherokee land in 1828?

Answers

Around that time the Gold Rush was going on, and they wanted to mine gold on Cherokee land. Hope this helps!
Hey there!

They started giving away Cherokee land because they wanted people to move out west(westward expansion) and the gold rush.

Hope it helped!

What utensils did settlers need for cooking?

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soup ladels, spatulas fork knifes spoons etc...
Soup latels, forks, knives, meat hook, etc

hope this helps

Most films shot before 1907 were short documentaries called

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They were called actualités

Match these US presidents with their actions after the introduction of the domino theory. Tiles John F. Kennedy Lyndon Johnson Dwight Eisenhower Pairs He provided South Vietnam with financial and military aid after SEATO came into existence. He sent more advisers to South Vietnam but was not in favor of immediate military action. He convinced the US Congress to pass the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution to escalate the Vietnam War.

Answers

1. Dwight Eisenhower

2. John F. Kennedy

3. Lyndon Johnson

Matching US presidents with their actions Lyndon Johnson convinced the US congress to pass the gulf of Tonkin resolution, John F Kennedy sent more advisers to south Vietnam and Dwight Eisenhower provided south Vietnam with financial aid after SEATO.

Who is Lyndon Johnson?

Lyndon Johnson was an American politician who served as the 36th president of the United States from 1963 to 1969. He previously served as the 37th vice president from 1961 to 1963 under President John F. Kennedy, and was sworn in shortly after Kennedy's assassination.

A Democrat from Texas, Johnson also served as a U.S. representative, U.S. Senator and the Senate's majority leader. He holds the distinction of being one of the few presidents who served in all elected offices at the federal level.

Born in a farmhouse in Stonewall, Texas, to a local political family, Johnson worked as a high school teacher and a congressional aide before winning election to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1937.

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Which anti federalist concern does this amendment included in the bill of rights most clearly address

Answers

The correct answer is B. The worry that a powerful government would interfere with people's freedom.

Anti-federalists were worried about a powerful central government infringing on the rights of citizens due to their experience as colonists under the control of Great Britain. One of the major causes of the American Revolution is this idea that the central government was acting in a tyrannical way and that this government was violating the rights of the colonists. To preven this from happening again, the Anti-federalists wanted the new constitution to possess a Bill of Rights in order to guarantee certain protections from the government.

Answer:

D: The fears that a strong centralized government could use it's military to take away citizen's rights

Explanation:

Apex says so

Why was Russia’s defeat of France the turning point in the Napoleonic Wars? Napoleon’s empire turned against him. Napoleon escaped to America for safety. The people of France no longer supported Napoleon. The French army was reinvigorated.

Answers

the answer would be A

Answer:

Napoleon’s empire turned against him.

Explanation:

French loss in Russian territory was the first major defeat for Napoleon, a big part of the french empire´s army was killed in that battle and France Allies Prussia and the Austrian Empire turned against them declaring war. The defeat in Russia was a turning point because the French empire was too large to be protected by the weakend army, and that was capitalized by many of the territories that were under french power.

What describes the social structure of the South in the antebellum era? Check all that apply.

mass immigration
small towns
no organized religion
little or no organized education
slow population growth

Answers

Small town
little or no organized education
Slow population growth

I think, I'm not 110% sure

The correct answers are:

Small towns

Slow population growth

little or no organized education

The Antebellum South was a rural place, largely agricultural, because of that there were no large cities in the South and population did not grow as fast as in the North. Also, the education system was not organized, most of the southerners believed education was private matter because of that people would have homeschool or would send their children to study in Europe in the North.

Bacon's rebellion how did trade with native populations contribute to political instability in the american colonies

Answers

Final answer:

Trade with native populations contributed to political instability in the American colonies during Bacon's Rebellion through restrictions on access to land, conflict with indigenous tribes, and the shift from indentured servitude to slavery.

Explanation:

The trade with native populations contributed to political instability in the American colonies during Bacon's Rebellion in several ways. First, Governor William Berkeley's policy of signing treaties with various local Native peoples to maintain peace was seen by Bacon and his followers as an obstacle to their access to land. They believed that all Native peoples were preventing them from owning tobacco farms and pursuing economic opportunities.

Second, the rebellion itself was sparked by an attack by Susquehannock warriors on Virginia's frontier. Bacon and other Virginians, without the governor's approval, attacked the Susquehannock and initiated a civil war. This conflict between the colonists and the indigenous tribes further destabilized the political situation in the colonies.

Lastly, the aftermath of Bacon's Rebellion led to a shift from indentured servitude to slavery. Virginia's leaders reasoned that relying more on slavery would result in fewer men competing for the available land. This rapid increase in the slave population and the implementation of Bacon's Indian policy deepened the divide between colonists and Native populations and intensified the tensions between them.

Define satellite state. why did the soviets want satellite states

Answers

is a term that refers to a country that is formally independent, but under political influence or control by another country. The Marshall Plan was not meant to shut out the Soviet Union or its Eastern European satellite states. Around the late 1940's Eastern Europe had many dependent satellite states.
Final answer:

A satellite state refers to a country controlled by another nation, which was evident during the Cold War when the Soviet Union had control over the Eastern European countries. The Soviets wanted these satellite states as a buffer zone against Western Europe and to expand their influence and control.

Explanation:

A satellite state is a country controlled by another nation. In the context of the Cold War, the term satellite state referred to the Eastern European countries that were under Soviet control. These countries were not fully independent, and their governments were typically pro-Soviet and aligned with the policies and interests of the Soviet Union. The Soviets wanted satellite states for several reasons. One of the main reasons was to create a buffer zone between the Soviet Union and Western Europe to protect themselves from potential invasions. Additionally, having satellite states allowed the Soviets to spread their influence and extend their control over a larger territory.

Why did harriet beecher stowe inflame passions between north and south when she wrote?

Answers


She published 'Uncle Tom's Cabin'. The novel's plot was melodramatic and many of its characters were steroptypes, but it delievered the message that slavery was not just a political contest, but also a great moral struggle.

Assessment: Introductory Paragraph & Thesis
Write an opening paragraph for an essay, including thesis statement, answering this prompt:
Some historians have argued that the settlement of the English colonies was undertaken in a haphazard manner, with little regard to the geography, climate, peoples, or practical demands of the New World. Support, modify, or refute this contention using specific evidence.

Answers

I think that This is correct, the very reason for English settlers coming to U.S is haphazard. They came here in search for religious freedom from the British crown, and forced there way onto America. From then on they have used the land, gotten sick and died, searched for treasure destroyed the land and fought with Indians. The situations that brought them to settle in America and their dissensions afterwords set the building blocks for an extremely haphazard way of life. They killed many Indians made treaties and broke them, mined the earth for oil and made war with Brittan 2 times. Also their greed for money and industrialization was also out of control. All in all the settlements of early America, was forced due to oppression and was never gilded into a thoughtful manner. 

All this needs is specific detail which i can't do since i don't have your book or curriculum.

Which export grown by colonists during the 1600s and 1700s became most important to england?

Answers

The answer would be Tobbaco.          Hope this helps!

Which country lost the most territory as a result of the french and indian war?

Answers

The Seven Years' War, a global conflict known in America as the French and Indian War, ends with the signing of the Treaty of Paris by France, Great Britain, and Spain. In the early 1750s, France's expansion into the Ohio River valley repeatedly brought the country into armed conflict with the British colonies. I hope this helps!

How did the arrival of the dutch, british, and french on the world scene in the 17th and 18th centuries affect africa, southeast asia, india, china and japan? what were the main features of the african slave trade, and what effects did it have on africa?

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer for the first question is cultural effects and for the second question the correct answer is how they would take people form different countries of Africa and as well have cultural effect on them with time.

Explanation:

The cultural effect that was suffered by all this regions is because white colonizers oppressed them having systematic racism for most of history. Something that many of this cultures still have to fight for equality.

Final answer:

The 17th and 18th century saw the Dutch, British, and French disrupt existing trade networks and promote colonial control, particularly through the African slave trade which destabilized societies and reoriented economies towards European interests.

Explanation:Impact of Dutch, British, and French on Multiple Regions

The arrival of the Dutch, British, and French in the 17th and 18th centuries had profound effects on regions such as Africa, Southeast Asia, India, China, and Japan. These European powers disrupted established trade networks and exerted colonial control over various regions. For instance, the establishment of the Dutch East India Company led to the purchasing of an estimated half a million enslaved people to work in the Dutch colonies. Similarly, the French and British were involved in the expansion of the transatlantic slave trade and competed for dominance in this trade. The slave trade had drastic impacts on African societies, including militarization of states, destabilization, and reorientation of African trade towards serving European demands.



Main Features of the African Slave Trade

European involvement in the African slave trade intensified conflicts within the continent and increased the trade of enslaved Africans to the Americas. France, Holland, and Denmark were prominent participants in enslaving and transporting African people, which resulted in a constant state of warfare in certain regions. The sale of enslaved individuals was not only a commercial activity but also deeply affected the societal structure and stability of African nations.



Effects of the Slave Trade on Africa

The slave trade had deleterious effects on Africa. It caused widespread destabilization, the rise of militaristic states, and the redirection of African economies towards the slave trade. The legacy of this exploitation continues to affect Africa to this day, contributing to long-lasting social and economic disruptions.

How did Adam Smith believe individuals would help their home countries economies without government regulation

Answers

He thought the economy would do better by finding efficiency and wealth through the "Invisible Hand" of the market. He felt that government intervention weakened the economy. He also thought that the government would set up a system where businesses would start to band together to try to extract favors from the government, thus, the businesses would work together and not compete, which would make their product prices raise, and their product value and quality fall. 

Of which region is it true that islam spread especially among merchants, thanks to inclusion in a major islamic trading network, rather than by conquest and islamic rule?

Answers

the answer is west africa

Did christopher columbus achieve what he wanted to

Answers

No, he wanted to find a shorter route to India for cheaper trade routes and ended up finding the Americas which was a better success that he was hoping but never achieved his actual goal.

Answer: no

Explanation:

What was an agreement made by the allies at the potsdam conference apex?

Answers

The Potsdam Conference held after WWII was the final meeting by the allies that was held to discuss the agreement for what will happen to Europe after the war. It divided Germany into four zones an control over these zones by an Allied Control Commission. 

Final answer:

At the Potsdam Conference in July 1945, the Allied leaders agreed to divide Germany and Berlin into four zones of occupation, dismantle Germany's heavy industry, and issue an ultimatum to Japan to surrender. These decisions significantly influenced post-war Europe and the geopolitical landscape.

Explanation:

The Potsdam Conference, held in July 1945, was a significant meeting between the leaders of the Allied powers to discuss the post-war reconstruction of Europe and the fate of Germany after World War II. A critical agreement made at the Potsdam Conference was the decision to divide Germany and its capital, Berlin, into four occupied zones, which would be controlled by the British, French, Americans, and Soviets.

Additionally, the conference established the groundwork for the demilitarization of Germany by agreeing to dismantle its heavy industry, preventing the country from producing armaments in the future. Another significant outcome was issuing an ultimatum to Japan to surrender or face 'complete and utter destruction,' leading to the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

The decisions made at Potsdam had long-lasting effects on the geopolitical landscape of Europe, setting the stage for the Cold War and the division of Germany into East and West. These agreements were crucial in shaping the post-war world and in establishing a peace framework to prevent future global conflicts.

Who issued a "scathing indictment of industrial life" by publishing conditions of the working class in england?

Answers

That would be Friedrich Engels, whom you might be more familiar with as one half of the authorship of The Communist Manifesto, the other half being his colleague, a certain Karl Marx.

Why did the government act quickly to end union-led strikes?

Question 28 options:

There was an implied contractual obligation that was undermined by a strike.

There was a belief that strikes were related to anarchy and socialism.

The government was run by former big business bosses.

Workers were duty bound to report for work.

Answers

i believe the answer is 2

The correct answer is "There was a belief that strikes were related to anarchy and socialism". The union-led strikes that happened during the late 1800s, were oftenly the result of conflict between workers and factory owners. The government realized that these strikes should be terminated before workers could led to anarchy and socialism among the people.

Which political reforms were achieved in Britain by the century’s end?


a.Women were granted the right to vote.


b.It became a constitutional monarchy with Victoria at its head.


c.It granted universal suffrage to all men in Britain and India.


d.It transformed to become a true parliamentary democracy.

Answers

Answer Is D: It transformed to become a true parliamentary democracy.

Answer:

D

Explanation:

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