What enables pcr to amplify just one location (locus) in a person's genome as opposed to several loci scattered throughout the genome (what gives pcr its specificity)?

Answers

Answer 1

PCR's specificity is given by the primers. Primers are small sequences of nucleotides, small strands of DNA, that bind to the DNA strand that we want to amplify in specific locations limiting the locus of interest. The DNA polymerase, the enzyme that will bind to the 3' end of the primer and start producing the complementary DNA strand, will only start its work where the primer bound to. This way, by engineering specific primers, we can amplify only the locus of interest rather then several loci all at the same time scattered throughout the genome.

Related Questions

What should you do if some m hcl drips down the outside of your graduated cylinder while you are filling the cylinder?

Answers

If some HCl drips down the outside of your graduated cylinder when you are filling the cylinder, use a neutralizer absorbent to clean up the spill. You can neutralize acid with soda ash or with sodium bicarbonate. Use pH paper to determine if the spill has been neutralized. The used absorbents should be placed in plastic bag and dispose appropriately.

Final answer:

When m HCl spills on a graduated cylinder, immediately rinse the cylinder with water and dry it, while wearing personal protective equipment for safety.

Explanation:

If some m HCl (hydrochloric acid) drips down the outside of your graduated cylinder while you are filling the cylinder, it is important to act promptly and safely to mitigate any potential hazards. First, immediately rinse the outside of the graduated cylinder with plenty of water to dilute and wash away the acid. This step ensures that the acid does not harm you, others, or the surface on which the cylinder is placed.

Secondly, after safely diluting the acid, dry the outside of the cylinder with a clean lab towel or paper to prevent any slipping or potential accidents. Always wear appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves and eye protection, when handling acids and other corrosive substances. Remember, safety in the laboratory is paramount, and knowing how to properly respond to spills and drips is an essential part of laboratory work.

What most likely to happen if a new producer is introduced into a food web

Answers

it would be aten by a herbivore

If a new producer is introduced to the food web, most likely the herbivores will increase because the herbivores eat producer and if the producers increase then the herbivores will increase.

Monoculture involves the use of ______.

(A) Genetically Identical Plants

(B) Traditional Grain Crops

(C) Animal Labor

(D) Crop Rotation

Answers

The answer is (A) Genetically Identical Plants
Hoped this helped
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Answer:

The answer would be (A) Genetically Identical Plants.

I hope this helped!

I am taking this class right now on GradPoint as well!

Good Luck!

A nurse is admitting a client who has a leg ulcer and a history of diabetes mellitus

Answers

Cardiovascular heath

Which sentence represents a hypothesis? environmental conditions affect the pollination of plants. boil 100 milliliters of water, let it cool, and then add 10 seeds to the water. is water depth in a lake related to available light in the water? a lamp, two beakers, and elodea plants are selected for the investigation?

Answers

The best answer for this question would be:

environmental conditions affect the pollination of plants.

Because it depicts the starting information or theory that the researcher is stating. His theory is that the conditions of the plant will affect the plant, and therefore experiments on the procedure to prove his theory.

Answer and Explanation:

environmental conditions affect the pollination of plants.

Hope this helps :)

Describe what happens at the elongation stage of transcription.

Answers

In the elongation phase, RNA polymerase perform one twist of DNA and as resault of that chains are being seperated. One of the chains serves as a matrix according to which the RNA polymerase is puting complemetary nucleotides of RNA in the 5'-3' direction. The enzyme RNA polymerese goes along the DNA chain and perform repairs.

Which would be a habitat for chemoautotrophs bur not photoautotrophs?

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A habitat for chemoautotrophs but not photoautotrophs would be a DEEP OCEAN TRENCH.

which of the following is a invertebrate animal
A) goldfish
B)horse
C)turtle
D)grasshopper

Answers

Inveterbrate would be a grasshopper

Answer: D

I hope this helps and have a wonderful day filled with joy!!

Which clinical manifestation occurs in a client with vasopressin deficiency?

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It occurs polyuria. Polyuria is, in other words, to urinate a lot, abnormally. If the patient drinks enough water to compensate the loss of it by urination, then the outcome is not as severe. If the patient does not take enough water, dehydration and hypernatremia take place and blood pressure increases and several other complications.

Coral bleaching results when the symbiotic zooxanthellae, a single-celled algae, are released from the original host coral organism due to stress. When the zooxantheallae are released, the coral loses its pigment, resulting in a bleached or completely white appearance. The MOST common cause of coral bleaching is

Answers

Its clearly obvious that its D

D) All four factors effect coral bleaching to varying degrees. The most common cause of coral bleaching is increased water temperature. Increased water temperature may be a result of thermal pollution or increased ocean temperatures due to global warming.

What contents of the lysosome aids in their digestive function?

Answers

Digestive enzymes are prolific inside the lysosomes. The organelle is named as such because these enzymes engage in "lysing" activity, meaning that the break up the worn-out cell parts or other wastes that the structure engulfs.

The state achieved when energy from food equals energy expended, maintaining body weight is known as

Answers

It is known as energy balance

What is a "rep" in strength training? The number of times to complete the full motion of an exercise The number of exercises completed The number of motions made in a workout The number of weights lifted during a training session

Answers

I think it is the first one, I may be wrong

Answer:

Explanation:

took the test

Do you think large cells and small cells carry out diffusion and osmosis at equal efficiency? why or why not?

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The answer to this question would be: No, the bigger cell will have a higher rate of osmosis/diffusion.

Osmosis and diffusion will happen in all of the surfaces of the cell membrane. The Bigger cell will have bigger volume and wider membrane surface area. That means the cell can do diffusion and osmosis in the wider area, thus have more speed than smaller cells.

Select all the most common elements which bond to carbon. 1. Hydrogen 2. Nitrogen 3. Sulfur 4. Sodium 5. Potassium 6. Magnesium 7. Oxygen

Answers

Final answer:

The most common elements that bond to gcarbon are hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and oxyen.

Explanation:

The most common elements that bond to carbon are hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen.

Hydrogen: Carbon commonly forms four chemical bonds with hydrogen to produce organic molecules.Nitrogen: Carbon forms three bonds with nitrogen, resulting in the formation of various nitrogenous compounds.Sulfur: Carbon can bond with sulfur to create a wide range of organic compounds.Oxygen: Carbon forms two chemical bonds with oxygen, leading to the formation of carbon-oxygen double bonds and other organic molecules.

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Answer: The most common elements which bond to carbon are:

Nitrogen

Oxygen

Hydrogen

Explanation: Hope this helps <3

Organisms can be ______________, where they are composed of only 1 cell, or they can be __________ where they are composed of many cells. Question 1 options: Multicellular, unicellular Monocellular, polycellular Unicellular, multicellular

Answers

1. unicellular
2. multicellular

Organisms can be UNICELLULAR where they are composed of only 1 cell or they can be MULTICELLULAR where they are composed of many cells. The first organisms to appear on earth where single celled and they developed the ability to photosynthesize and make food from inorganic compounds. UNICELLULAR organisms such as bacteria predates complex organisms that are Multi cellular

NADH and FADH2 are classified as which of the following? acids coenzymes enzymes lipids

Answers

NADH and FADH2 are classified as which of the following?

A) acids<=WRONG

B) coenzymes <=ANSWER

C) enzymes <=WRONG

D) lipids<=WRONG

Answer:

Coenzymes!

Explanation:

Edge

The release of insulin from the pancreatic beta cells can inhibit its further release from the same cells. this is an example of which type of hormone action

Answers

This is an example of AUTOCRINE HORMONE ACTION.
Autocrine signalling is a type of cell signalling in which a cell secretes an hormone or a chemical agent that binds to the autocrine receptors of that same cell, leading to specific changes in the cell. The chemical agent or the hormone is called the autocrine agent.

The type of vegetarian who eats vegetables, grains, fruits, eggs, and milk but excludes all other types of animal proteins is called a

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Answer: "lacto-ovo-vegetarian" .
___________________________________________________

The head of a phospholipid interacts with water because it is

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Hydrophilic

A phospholipid is comprised of a phosphate hydrophilic head, which means that it is "water-loving," and a fatty acid hydrophobic tail, which is "water-hating." The head and the tail are joined together by a glycerol molecule.

The phosphate head is attracted to water because it is charged (i.e. negatively). Water is a polar molecule, which means that there is an uneven distribution of charges within its molecular structure with the oxygen side being "more negative" than the rest of the atom (which is "more positive" near the hydrogen). Thus, the negatively-charged nature of the phosphate head and the parts of the water molecule which are positively charged enable the two to form an "attraction" towards one another.

On the other hand, the hydrophobic tail is nonpolar, which means that it does not have a "more positive" or "more negative" side or part in its molecular structure. These differences in structure with water make the hydrophobic tail unattracted to water molecules and more attracted to other uncharged, nonpolar molecules (such as fats and oils).

The hole in the spinal cord through which csf flows is the:

Answers

the answer is central canal and it basically is in the center of the spinal cord in which csf flows from the brain to the lower end.

food chains and webs not only describe the order in which organism are eaten, but they also describe the

Answers

flow of energy in an ecosystem

Answer:

Trophic levels and energy flow on food chains

Explanation:

The trophic level in a food chain (or web) corresponds to the position of each living being in relation to its energy and nutrient flow in relation to the others.

There are three types of basic trophic levels:

Producers - Plants and other photosynthetic and chemosynthetic organisms

Consumers (food chains usually have more than one) - Herbivores, Carnivores and Omnivores

Decomposers - Bacteria and Fungi

An example food chain according to trophic levels:

Phytoplankton(producer) → Krill (1st consumer) → Penguin (2nd consumer) → Seal (3rd consumer) → fungi and bacteria (decomposers)

Also, it is important to highlight that at each trophic level, less energy is absorbed when a living being consumes the previous one, so the more trophic levels a chain has, the lower the energy flow at the end.

the cancellation of two waves occurs because of which of the following

Answers

The cancellation of two waves occurs because of destructive interference

I'm going to go with destructive interference.

True or false? on average, 20% of the emergency room patients at greenwood general hospital lack health insurance. in a random sample of 4 patients, the probability that only one patient will be uninsured is 0.4096.

Answers

To solve this, we use the binomial probability equation.

P = [n! / (n – r)! r!] p^r * q^(n – r)

where n is the total number of sample patients = 4, r is the number of uninsured patients = 1, p is probability of being uninsured = 0.20, q is 1 – p = 0.80

Calculating for probability P:

P = [4! / (4 -1)! 1!] 0.20^1 * 0.80^(4 – 1)

P = 0.4096

Answer:

True

Oxidative phosphorylation is also known as

1. Chemiosmosis
2. Glycolysis
3. Fermentation
4. Electron transport chain

Answers

4. Electron transport chain

4 is the answer
hope it helped!

A change in allele frequencies in a set of organisms over time is called __________.

Answers

Microevolution

Microevolution is the change in the allele frequencies within a set of organisms (population) over time primarily due to four processes namely, mutation, natural and artificial selection, gene flow, and genetic drift.

The term "microevolution" is coined to differentiate it from "macroevolution," which occurs over much longer periods of time and results in greater differences in the characteristics of the organisms in the population.

All living things are made of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells which is found in both cells

Answers

Prokaryotic cells are cells without a nucleus. The DNA in prokaryotic cells is in the cytoplasm rather than enclosed within a nuclear membrane. Prokaryotic cellsare found in single-celled organisms, such as bacteria, like the one shown in Figure below. I hope that helped! :)

If there are two species of butterfly that are able to mate but produce sterile offspring, are the offspring considered a new species?

Answers

No. The offspring is not considered a new species. By definition, a species are organisms that are capable of exchanging genes and can successfully breed together. Since the offspring is sterile and cannot interbreed, it is not considered a new species.

No, a sterile specie cannot be a new specie.

Further explanation

Specie

It can be defined as a group such individuals which can mate and produce new offspring.

Evolution

It can be defined as heritable attributes of natural populations which transfer in next generations over a period of time. These qualities are the statements of qualities that are passed on from parent to descendants. Various qualities will in general exist inside some random population because of transformation, hereditary recombination and mutations. Different factors influence on evolution as gene flow, mutation, natural selection and genetic drift.

Role of mutation in evolution

It can be defined as change that happens in sequence of DNA and this is a permanent change. Different consequence of natural factors, for example, UV light, tobacco and smoke are responsible for mutation. Mutation is major cause of evolution. It can be good and bad.

Natural selection

Evolution can also be caused by natural selection. Creatures that are progressively adjusted to their condition are bound to endure and pass on the qualities that supported their prosperity. This procedure makes species change and wander after some time. Natural selection is one of the approaches to represent a huge number of animal groups that have lived on Earth. Charles Darwin (1809-1882) and Alfred Russel Wallace (1823-1913) are mutually acknowledged for the hypothesis of advancement by regular choice, having co-distributed on it in 1858.

Sterile offspring

Such offspring which can not reproduce are called sterile offspring. That’s why we cannot say that they are new species. Sterile offspring produce as a result of mutation or genetic error.

Answer details

Subject: Biology

Level: High school

Key words

Species Evolution Role of mutation in evolution Natural selection Sterile offspring

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A home gets its water from a private well. Which of the following would be the best way for the homeowner to obtain a water-quality report

Hire a local contractor to test the homes water supply

Record observations made by smelling and tasting the tap water

Request data from the local water treatment facility

Answers

Here is your answer: Your answer is C Record observations made by smelling and tasting the tap water. Your answer is C.

Answer: Request data from the local water treatment facility

Explanation:

The water quality report can be obtained by requesting the local water treatment facility for data. The data will contain information about chemical tests with which the private well will undergo with. This will provide information about whether the water quality is suitable for it's use or not. This will also provide treatment measures that are required to be taken to improve the quality of water.

Read the excerpt from "Mother Tongue." Those tests were constructed around items like fill-in-the-blank sentence completion, such as “Even though Tom was ______, Mary thought he was _____.” And the correct answer always seemed to be the most bland combinations of thoughts, for example, “Even though Tom was foolish, Mary thought he was ridiculous.” Well, according to my mother, there were very few limitations as to what Tom could have been and what Mary might have thought of him. So I never did well on tests like that. Which information from the excerpt best supports the inference that achievement tests ignore imagination as an element of language ability? Tan’s mother would not be able to answer a question like the one described in the excerpt. Tan’s mother could think of several ways to answer a question like the one described in the excerpt. Tan’s mother did not allow her to take tests with questions like the one described in the excerpt. Tan’s mother was disappointed that Tan did poorly on tests with questions like the one described in the excerpt.

Answers

The correct option is this: TAN'S MOTHER COULD THINK OF SEVERAL WAYS TO ANSWER A QUESTION LIKE THE ONE DESCRIBED IN THE EXCERPT.
From the passage, it can be seen that, Tan's mother believed that so many things would have fit exactly into those blanks that are present in the questions given to Tan. This shows that the mother's imagination is very active and that those that set those questions have ignored imagination ability of the students.

The best detail in this question that describes the inference that was made is that Tan’s mother could think of several ways to answer a question like the one described in the excerpt.

The summary of the excerpt

What this excerpt means is that if Tan's mother was asked to answer the blanks she would think of a lot of ways to do this.

From the excerpt, we can see that there are blank spaces in the test that was given. The author said that the answers usually provided in the blanks by students are unimaginative and bland.

The author is trying to tell the reader that these tests are not a true test of one's ability to speak the English language.

She refers to her mother as a very imaginative person that can answer the question creatively in different ways.