The key outcome of meiosis II is the production of four unique haploid cells, which are important for genetic diversity in sexual reproduction.
Explanation:The important outcome of meiosis II is the separation of sister chromatids into individual chromosomes, resulting in the formation of four genetically unique haploid cells. During meiosis II, two haploid cells produced from meiosis I undergo cell division without chromosome replication in interkinesis. The division in meiosis II follows steps similar to mitosis but it's critical in ensuring genetic diversity through the creation of unique gametes for sexual reproduction.
How is cytokinesis different in plants and animals?
A. In plants, a new cell wall forms to split the cell.
B. In animals, the DNA is not duplicated.
C. In animals, there are no sister chromatids.
D. In plants, the DNA is one circular chromosome.
Which one of the following is the catalyst in a metabolic pathway?
A) Carbohydrates
B) Phosphate groups
C) Enzymes
Which waves are electromagnetic and can travel through a vacuum?
Light and heat waves
Longitudinal and transverse waves
Sound waves < I think
Surface waves
Answer: The waves that travel through a vacuum is, light and heat waves.
Explanation :
Electromagnetic waves: These are waves which can travel through vacuum. These have electrical and magnetic component associated with them. They travel with the speed of light. They does not require a medium to travel. For Example: Infrared waves, Microwaves, light waves, heat waves.
Mechanical waves: These are the waves that require a medium to travel so that they can transport their energy from one location to another. For Example: Sound waves, surface wave.
Surface wave : It is defined as a seismic wave that travels along or parallel to the earth's surface.
Longitudinal and transverse waves are also require a medium to travel.
Hence, the waves that travel through a vacuum is, light and heat waves.
Cystic fibrosis is genetic, meaning it can be passed from parent to child. What type of mutation causes cystic fibrosis? somatic mutation germline mutation silent mutation
Answer: Germline mutation
A germline mutation is a mutation in the fully developed germ cells (sperm and ovum). These defective mutated cells fuse to form zygote. The zygote rapidly produces all somatic and germline cells in the offsprings which are also mutated. Therefore, mutation is transmitted from parents to offsprings. Cystic fibrosis is a result of germline mutation. This disease is hereditary in nature passes from parents to the offsprings. If a child receives CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator) mutated gene from both the parents than the child will be affected by the symptoms of this disease. If the child receives a single copy of CFTR gene from either of the parent than the child will be the carrier of disease.The mutated gene may be present in the germline cells of the parent or on all the body cells.
Answer: B: Germline mutation
Explanation: Edge 2022
What factors influence the impact a population has on its environment?
which is a disadvantage of using genetic engineering
Answer:
Genetic engineering refers to a process, which permits the alteration of the structure of the genes. It is a deliberate change that takes place via the direct change of the genetic substance of an organism. In the process, DNA is either eliminated or supplemented to generate one or more novel traits, which were not witnessed in that organism before.
Genetic engineering is here to make a change. Some of these modifications are positive, that is, developing healthier foods. However, some of these changes can be negative and unanticipated. Generating a plant more tolerant to drought may also make that plant less tolerant of straightforward sunlight. Animals can be modified to generate more amount of milk, however, they exhibit a reduced lifespan at a similar time, thus, and farmers can suffer greater livestock.
Genetic engineering, though promising, has significant disadvantages. These include unpredictable side effects, potential exacerbation of societal inequality, and the risk of reduced genetic diversity.
Explanation:One major disadvantage of using genetic engineering is the potential risk of unpredicted side effects. Though genetic engineering can provide many benefits such as modified crops or improved disease resistance, manipulating the DNA of an organism can have unforeseen and potentially harmful consequences in the long run. These effects could impair the genetically modified organism, or spread to the surrounding ecosystem, causing ecological imbalance.
Another disadvantage is that genetic engineering could perpetuate inequality. The application of genetic engineering in human beings could lead to a situation where those who can afford it will have access to genetic modifications for improved health, longevity, or even physical or intellectual enhancements. Those who cannot afford such modifications could be left behind, widening already-existing gaps in society
Lastly, genetic engineering runs the risk of reducing genetic diversity. By preferring certain traits and engineering them into organisms, we risk creating a population with similar genetic traits, which might decrease its evolutionary potential and thereby its long-term survival chances.
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Climate does not effect the rate in which weathering can occur.
true or false
Answer:
False
Explanation:
Climate plays an essential role in the weathering process. Both precipitation and temperature are essential climatic components.
With appropriate climatic condition, trees and plants grow which leads to biological weathering of rocks.
High temperature and rainfall causes chemical weathering .
Rainfall alone causes weathering by penetrating through the rock fissure.
Not only this, in cold climatic condition weathering also takes place due o cycle of freezing and thawing.
Thus, the statement "Climate does not effect the rate in which weathering can occur" is false.
Lichens result from Symbiosis between a fungus and
A. Photosynthetic bacteria.
B. Euglena.
C. Photosynthetic algae
D. both (A) and (C)
Answer:
D. both (A) and (C)
Explanation:
Lichen is an organism formed from the symbiotic association between non photosynthetic fungi and photosynthetic algae or bacteria.
The algae provides food (through photosynthesis) to the fungi while the fungi in return absorbs water and other materials that the algae need to carryout photosynthesis.
The correct option is D.
Where are the longest continuous mountain ranges on earth located?
Along the ocean floor
How do elements such as chlorine, bromine, sulfur, and boron get into the ocean?
Answer: Volcano eruption is correct answer.
Explanation:
Volcano eruption occurs when hot materials get thrown out from the interior of earth's surface.
When there is volcanic eruption , it emit so many gases as follows:
Water vapour
Carbon dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Some elements are two produced by volcano are :
Sulfur
Bromine
Boron
Chlorine
which get into oceans.
Hence, volcano eruption is correct answer.
20 POINTS!!!!!!!!!
A gene with the sequence ATTCATTCA underwent duplication after a few generations. Which sequence represents this gene after the mutation?
A. ATTCATTCA
B. ACTTACTTA
C. ATTCACATTCA
D. ATCCATTCA
E. ATCATTCA
The sequence represents this gene after the mutation is ATTCACATTCA. The correct option is C.
What is mutation?A mutation in the basic biology is an adjustment to the nucleic acid sequence of an organism's, virus's, or any other extrachromosomal DNA. DNA or RNA can be found in the viral genome.
Errors in DNA replication at the time of cell division, exposure to mutagens, or viral infection can all cause mutations.
Somatic mutations which happen in body cells cannot be passed on to offspring, whereas germline mutations which happen in eggs and sperm can.
The new sequence may be: ATTCACATTCA if we assume that the duplication is the consequence of a minor insertion mutation that happened in one of the original copies.
Thus, the correct option is C.
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what are two types of evidence that evolution has taken place?
a. carbohydrate c. protein
b. lipid d. nucleic acid
____ 1. fats, oils, waxes, and steroids
____ 2. insulates and makes the phospholipid bilayer
____ 3. made of C, H, and O in a 1:2:1 ratio
____ 4. made of amino acids
____ 5. made of long chains of C and H bonded together
____ 6. made of C, H, N, and O
____ 7. DNA and RNA
____ 8. basic unit has an R group as one of its components to determine its traits
____ 9. basic unit is a nucleotide
____ 10. made of simple sugars (end in “ose”)
Ben observes that his car will not start. What is a good testable hypothesis?
1.The car will not start.
2. The car is green.
3.The car is out of gasoline.
4.The car has 4 tires.
Answer:
The correct answer is 3.The car is out of gasoline.
Explanation:
A good testable hypothesis for a car that will not start would be that the car do not contain the fuel to start because any car requires fuel to get started.
So gasoline is a fuel which is also known as petroleum and is widely used as the fuel source for vehicles all over the world. So when any car becomes out of gasoline that car will not start because there will be no energy source to start the engine of the car.
Therefore the car is out of gasoline is a good testable hypothesis for ben who observed that his car will not start.
Trace the path of a labeled carbon atom through the biological processes of photosynthesis and respiration. The atom will start its journey inside a carbon dioxide molecule and it will end in the air inside a new carbon dioxide molecule. Your mission is to use your knowledge of photosynthesis and respiration to explain what happens to the carbon atom in these processes.
A labeled carbon atom begins in a molecule of carbon dioxide, gets incorporated into glucose during photosynthesis, and then is released back into the atmosphere as a new carbon dioxide molecule during cellular respiration. This demonstrates the carbon atom's vital role in the carbon cycle, highlighting the interrelated nature of photosynthesis and respiration in energy transfer within ecosystems.
Trace the Path of a Carbon Atom through Photosynthesis and Respiration-
The journey of a carbon atom starts in a molecule of carbon dioxide during the process of photosynthesis. In this process, plants capture solar energy and use it to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose, releasing oxygen as a byproduct. Our carbon atom becomes part of a glucose molecule, specifically stored in the covalent bonds that will later be broken during cellular respiration.
During cellular respiration, the carbon atom is released from glucose as part of a carbon dioxide molecule, which is then expelled from the organism. It is interesting to note that the covalent bonds formed during photosynthesis can be incredibly long-lasting and stable. The energy released during cellular respiration is partly used to create ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the energy currency of cells.
Finally, the carbon atom finds itself back in the atmosphere as part of a new carbon dioxide molecule, ready to be used again in the ongoing cycle of photosynthesis and respiration by plants and other living organisms. This illustrates the significant role of these two processes in the carbon cycle, ensuring the transfer and transformation of energy through ecosystems.
In what year was on the origin of species published?
In what year was On the Origin of Species published?
the answer is D
How do single-celled decomposers get energy?
Answer:
They break down dead organisms
Explanation:
When clouds trap heat emitted from Earth's surface, they are acting as
a. Heat shield
b. Magnet
c. Greenhouse gas
d. Satellite
When clouds trap heat emitted from Earth's surface, they are acting as a Greenhouse gas.
What is a greenhouse gas?Greenhouse gases (also known as GHGs) are gases in the earth's atmosphere that trap heat. During the day, the sun shines through the atmosphere, warming the earth's surface. At night, the earth's surface cools, releasing heat back into the air. But some of the heat is trapped by the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
Why is it called greenhouse gases?A greenhouse gas is called that because it absorbs infrared radiation from the Sun in the form of heat, which is circulated in the atmosphere and eventually lost to space.
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Cells use __________ to take in large molecules or other cells.
active transport by endocytosis
passive transport by osmosis
active transport by carrier proteins
passive transport by diffusion
Why is it important to use the same restriction enzyme on DNA from the two organisms?
What are proteins for export out of the cell?
Assume that the mean length of a human pregnancy is 268 days with a standard deviation of 9 days. What percentage of human pregnancies do we expect to last no more than 260 days? ...?
Answer:
The average time of pregnancy is 268 days (38 weeks and two days) from ovulation, with a standard deviation of 10 days or a coefficient of variation of 3.7%. Gestational age is calculated from the first day of the woman's last normal menstrual cycle.
However, only 5% of births occur on the expected date of delivery and at the age of 40 weeks of gestation. 50% of births occur one week before or one week after the expected date. 80% occurs between two weeks before or after
There are 64 codons and 20 amino acids. Which of the following is not true?
A. Several different codons can specify the same amino acid.
B. The AUG codon, or methionine, is the start codon.
C. All amino acids are linked to a codon.
D. Each amino acid is specified by only one codon.
Answer: The option that is not true is D) Each amino acid is specified by only one codon.
Codon can be defined as the sequence of three nucleotides ( present in DNA or mRNA) that corresponds to a particular amino acid. It helps in the process of translation as different amino acids ( that are linked to codons) are assembled to give a particular protein according to the sequence of codon.
There are 64 codons and 20 amino acids that make up the proteins present in the living systems. This indicates that several different codons can correspond to the same amino acid.
For instance, amino acid Valine is coded by four codons that is GUC, GUG, GUA, GUU.
Thus, option D) is incorrect.
if an organism had a mutation in a gene that codes for a ribosomal protein, which of the following would be affected
A. DNA Replication
B. Transcription
C. Translation
D. Gene expression
The answer would be C, Translation
Examine the photo of Quartz below. In which way does Quartz break?
A. Cleavage
B. Fracture
C. Luster
D. Flat planes
Final answer:
Quartz breaks with a fracture, leading to irregular and uneven surfaces, unlike cleavage which results in smooth and flat surfaces.
Explanation:
The photo examination of Quartz should highlight that Quartz breaks with a fracture. This indicates an irregular breakage pattern, which usually occurs along mineral planes without any weak atomic bonds, resulting in non-flat surfaces. Unlike cleavage, which produces smooth, flat, and often parallel surfaces as a result of weaker atomic bonds in the crystal lattice, fracture surfaces are uneven and irregular because the bonds across these surfaces are of relatively equal strength.
Understanding the fracture patterns of minerals like Quartz is crucial for mineral identification and geological analysis. By distinguishing between fracture and cleavage, geologists can interpret the structural properties and formation history of mineral samples with greater accuracy, aiding in various scientific investigations and practical applications.
Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between carrying capacity
and population size?
Carrying capacity increases population size.
Carrying capacity determines maximum population size.
Population size is not affected by carrying capacity.
Population size increases the carrying capacity.
Answer:
Carrying capacity determines maximum population size.
The Atomic Theory states that protons and neutrons are packed closely together in a small nucleus and electrons are found surrounding that nucleus.
Which of the following statements explains why this is considered to be a scientific theory?
Answer
It is a scientific hypothesis that has been proven by more than one experiment.
It is the best explanation because it is a culmination of many scientific investigations.
It is an educated guess that has been voted on by the majority of the scientific community.
It is the best explanation because it supports the beliefs and opinions of most
Answer:
The correct answer will be option A.
Explanation:
A scientific theory is a well-substantiated idea and opinion which explains the natural phenomenon. For a theory to be a scientific theory has to be:
1. well supported by the observations and experiments.
2. supported by repeated experiments and hypothesis.
Since in the question the scientific theory was proposed by more than one scientists who performed many experiments after Dalton who proposed the atomic theory. These scientists modified and revised the theory with their discoveries like JJ Thompson discovered electrons, Ernst Rutherford discovered protons and James Chadwick who discovered neutrons.
Thus, option A is the correct answer.
How does taxonomy help us understand relationships among organisms on earth? What kinds of evidence do scientists use in taxonomy?
Final answer:
Taxonomy, involving the classification and naming of organisms, utilizes morphologic and genetic evidence to elucidate the evolutionary relationships among species. Systematics and taxonomy aim to map the evolutionary pathways of life on Earth, represented in phylogenetic trees, underscoring shared origins. The taxonomic system, notably binomial nomenclature and the division into three domains, facilitates the study of life's vast diversity.
Explanation:
Understanding Taxonomy and Its Importance
Taxonomy is the science of classifying organisms into a systematically organized framework based on their shared characteristics and evolutionary relationships. This classification is vital as it helps scientists to organize the vast diversity of life on Earth, making it easier to study and understand how organisms are related to each other. The taxonomic classification system comprises different levels, including domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.
Key Components and Evidence in Taxonomy
The two main types of evidence used in taxonomy and determining evolutionary relationships are morphologic evidence (related to the form and function of organisms) and genetic evidence. Together, these types of evidence enable scientists to construct phylogenetic trees, which illustrate the evolutionary pathways of life on Earth. The concept of binomial nomenclature, introduced by Carl Linnaeus, is also crucial in taxonomy, providing a standardized method for naming organisms with a two-part Latin name that signifies their genus and species.
Systematics and taxonomy are deeply intertwined with phylogeny, as they all aim to understand the evolutionary relationships among organisms. This understanding is further visualized through phylogenetic trees, which not only display these relationships but also hint at the evolutionary history and common ancestors of different organisms. The tree of life concept, with a single common ancestor branching out into the diversity seen today, emphasizes the shared origins of all life forms.
Importance of the Domains of Life
The classification into three domains of life—Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya—underscores the fundamental distinctions at the highest level of organization. This division reflects key evolutionary milestones and relationships among all living organisms.
Oxygen has an atomic number of 8. The n = 1 energy level has two electrons, and the n = 2 energy level has six electrons. Oxygen's valence is _____.
Explain how magnetic reversals provide evidence for sea-floor spreading.