What is the law of conservation of mass and how is it related to the results of a chemical reaction?

Flame tests can be useful for identifying individual metal ions through the unique colors they emit, but they have limitations when dealing with mixtures where emission spectra might overlap. For complex mixtures, a qualitative analysis with successive steps is more effective.

Flame tests can be useful for detecting metal ions in a mixture, as different metal ions will emit different wavelengths of light when they return to their ground states, producing varying flame colors. However, this method has its limitations as the flame colors from a mixture of metal ions might overlap and make it difficult to distinguish between them. In the case of a complex mixture, a qualitative analysis through successive precipitation would help in identifying the metal ions by gradually eliminating ions in various steps.

Moreover, specific metals known as alkali metals or alkaline earth metals, such as calcium, strontium, and barium, impart unique colors to the flame, aiding in their identification. For example, calcium and strontium produce shades of red, while barium produces a green color. These distinct emissions form part of the emission spectrum of the elements and can be used to identify them.

Answer:

The correct answer is option c.

Explanation:

A physical change is defined as  a change in shape, size takes place. No new substance gets formed in these reactions.

Solid iron block → liquid iron

Liquid iron → solid blade shaped iron

Here, iron in first melted and then set into a shape of blade. Hence, physical change.

A chemical change is defined as a change in chemical composition takes place. A new substance is formed in these reactions.

Here, rusting of iron is chemical change:

[tex]Fe(s)+O_2(g)\righarrow Fe_2O_3(s)[/tex]

Throughout the entire process blacksmith has changed the iron block physically by changing its size and shape. And due to action of raining in the edges of the blade rusting of an iron also took place which was a chemical change.

Answer:

2mol of [tex]\rm O_2[/tex] with 4.6 mol [tex]\rm C_3H_8[/tex] will produce 2mol [tex]\rm H_2O[/tex].

Explanation:

The given information is:

[tex]\rm \mathbf{C_3H_8+5O_2\rightarrow3CO_2+4H_2O}[/tex]

2mol of [tex]\rm O_2[/tex] with 4.6 mol of  [tex]\rm C_3H_8[/tex] will produce.....mol of [tex]\rm H_2O[/tex]

As we can see hear, 5mol of [tex]\rm O_2[/tex] produce 4 mols of [tex]\rm H_2O[/tex]

Hence, According to the given equation above,

Mols of [tex]\rm\mathbf{ H_2O}[/tex] produced will be,

[tex]\rm 5molO_2\times\frac{4molH_2O}{5molO_2}[/tex]

[tex]\rm 2.5\times\frac{4}{5}=2molH_2O[/tex]

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Answer:

Pb2+(aq) + 2e– ------------>Pb(s) = –0.13 V

Explanation:

Given the question asked, we have to examine the reduction potentials of Fe2+ and Pb2+.

Fe2+= -0.44V

Pb2+= -0.13V

Recall that the moire negative the reduction potential of a species, the less likely it is to participate in spontaneous reduction reactions.

From the data before us, Pb2+ will undergo a spontaneous reduction reaction as shown in the answer.

The reaction will be

2NO  + O2 ---< 2NO2

so as per balanced equation two moles of NO will react with one mole of O2 to give two moles of NO2

In this particular question, 5 molecules of O2 and 8 molecules of NO are present

so the limiting reagent is NO

now the 8 molecules of NO should react with 4 molecules of O2 for 100% yield

As the mentioned yield is 75% only, it means only 75% of NO molecules will react

75% of 8 = 6

So six molecules of NO will react with 3 molecules of O2 to give 75% yield

so after reaction we will be left with  2 molecules of NO

1) Radium will form Ra²⁺ ions, because it is metal with two valence electrons (7s²) and it will lost two electrons to have electric configuration like noble gas radon (Z=86).

Electroic configuration of radium atom:

₈₈Ra 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d¹⁰4s²4p⁶4d¹⁰4f¹⁴5s²5p⁶5d¹⁰6s²6p⁶7s².

2) Selenium wil form Se²⁻ ions, because it is nonmetal and it has six valence electrons (4s²4p⁴), it will gain two electrons to have electron configuration like noble gas krypton (Z=36).

Electronic configuration of selenium atom: ₃₄Se 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d¹⁰4s²4p⁴.

Radium typically loses 2 electrons to form Ra2+ ion, while Selenium typically gains 2 electrons to form Se2- ion. Thus, Ra2+ and Se2- are their respective monatomic ions.

Radium (Z = 88) is in group 2 of the periodic table and therefore tends to lose 2 electrons to form Ra2+ (Radium ion) to achieve a stable electron configuration. Selenium (Z = 34), on the other hand, is in group 16 of the periodic table and therefore it typically gains 2 electrons to form Se2- (Selenium ion) to reach a stable electron configuration similar to the nearest noble gas. These ions, Ra2+ and Se2- are monatomic ions because they consist of only one atom.

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Chemical properties describe how a substance can change into different substances during a chemical reaction, while physical properties can be measured without changing the substance's chemical identity.

Chemical properties describe a substance's capacity to undergo certain chemical transformations that result in different substances. These properties, such as flammability and reactivity with water, are only observed when a substance undergoes a chemical change. On the other hand, physical properties can be observed or measured without changing the chemical identity of the substance. These include properties like mass, color, volume, and density. For instance, pure copper has the physical property of being a reddish-brown solid, whereas its ability to dissolve in dilute nitric acid to produce a blue solution and a brown gas is a chemical property.

The complete balanced chemical equation for this is:

3KOH  +  H3PO4  -->  K3PO4  +  3H2O

First we calculate the number of moles of H3PO4:

moles H3PO4 = 0.650 moles / L * 0.024 L = 0.0156 mol

From stoichiometry, 3 moles of KOH is required for every mole of H3PO4, therefore:

moles KOH = 0.0156 mol H3PO4 * (3 moles KOH / 1 mole H3PO4) = 0.0468 mol

Calculating for volume given molarity of 0.350 M KOH:

Volume = 0.0468 mol / (0.350 mol / L) = 0.1337 L = 133.7 mL

Answer:

133.7 mL KOH

Approximately 133.7 mL of 0.350 M KOH is required to react completely with 24.0 mL of 0.650 M H3PO4.

To determine the volume of 0.350 M KOH required to react completely with 24.0 mL of 0.650 M H3PO4, we need to use the balanced chemical equation for the reaction.

The balanced equation is:

H3PO4 + 3KOH → K3PO4 + 3H2O

The molar ratio between H3PO4 and KOH is 1:3. Using the given concentration and volume, we can calculate the moles of H3PO4:

Moles of H3PO4 = (0.650 M) x (0.0240 L) = 0.0156 mol

Since the molar ratio is 1:3, the moles of KOH required will be 3 times the moles of H3PO4:

Moles of KOH = (0.0156 mol) x 3 = 0.0468 mol

Next, we can use the concentration of KOH to calculate the volume of 0.350 M KOH required:

Volume of KOH = Moles of KOH / Concentration of KOH

Volume of KOH = 0.0468 mol / 0.350 M = 0.1337 L = 133.7 mL

Therefore, approximately 133.7 mL of 0.350 M KOH is required to react completely with 24.0 mL of 0.650 M H3PO4.

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Answer:

Chemical properties,

Explanation:

Let us understand all the given terms

a) catalyst properties: this is the property of a substance by virtue of which it helps to modulate the rate of reaction, and itself remains unconsumed during the reaction (does not react). Example : enzymes

b) chemical properties: this is the property of a substance by virtue of which it reacts with another substance to give a new product of different structure, bonding, chemical and physical properties.

Example : hydrogen reacts with oxygen to give water.

So here the hydrogen is undergoing reaction with oxygen and this is chemical property of hydrogen.

c) Physical properties: This is the property which is related to the nature of a substance to exit in nature. for example hydrogen is a gas is its physical property not chemical.

d) mineral properties: It  is again a kind of physical property.

True, the normal boiling point of water is 100°C and it is a physical property. Liquids like glycerol have higher boiling points. The kinetic molecular theory describes particles in a solid as closely packed and vibrating in place.

The statement that the normal boiling point of water is 100°C is true, and it is indeed a physical property of the substance water. The boiling point is a characteristic temperature where a liquid turns into a gas, and it varies depending on the pressure of the environment. Water boils at 100°C at 1 atmosphere of pressure, which is the standard pressure at sea level. However, this boiling point can change if the pressure differs; for example, at a pressure greater than 1 atm, water's boiling point will be higher than 100°C.

An example of a liquid that boils at a temperature higher than the boiling point of water is glycerol, which boils at about 290°C. This is significantly higher than water's boiling point due to the stronger intermolecular forces in glycerol compared to water. The kinetic molecular theory explains the behavior of particles in solids, liquids, and gases. When describing a solid under this theory, the particles are closely packed together, vibrating in place, which gives solids a fixed shape and volume.

Due to variations in their electro-negativities, two atoms share a pair of electrons in a polar covalent bond in an uneven manner. The bound atoms develop fractional positive and negative charges as a result of the unequal distribution of electrons. Here the correct option is A.

The hydrogen atom has a little positive charge due to the fact that it cannot attach to the negative electron bones as tightly as other elements can. There is an uneven distribution of charges in these polar covalent complexes. Positive or negative molecules can be covalently attached to polar surfaces.

A polar covalent bond is one in which there is an electronegativity difference between the atoms of between 0.4 and 1.7. A polar covalent link is a type of covalent bond in which the atoms are attracted to electrons in uneven amounts, resulting in unequal sharing.

Thus the correct option is A.

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The atom with 45 neutrons and 35 electrons (and therefore 35 protons) has a mass number of 80,  which is obtained by adding the number of protons and neutrons.

To determine the mass number of an atom with 45 neutrons and 35 electrons, it's important to remember that an atom, in its electrically neutral state, has an equal number of protons and electrons. In this scenario, the atom has 35 protons because it has 35 electrons.

The mass number of an atom is calculated by adding the number of protons and neutrons together. So, for this specific atom, the mass number is calculated as 35 (protons) + 45 (neutrons), which totals 80. This mass number signifies the sum of particles in the atom's nucleus, which plays a fundamental role in defining its chemical properties and behavior.

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Answer:

It would be B) 1.

Explanation:

Answer: Option C

Explanation:

A monkey can occupy two tropic level in a food chain. These two levels can be primary consumers or secondary consumers.

Monkeys are omnivores and they can eat meat and plant based food. Some of the monkeys can also eat eggs of bird.

If monkey will eat plants they will occupy a place of primary consumer and if it will eat meat then it be considered as secondary consumer.

hence, correct answer is option C

Calcination and roasting are processes used in metallurgy to convert ores into a more useful form. Calcination involves heating a substance to remove volatile impurities, while roasting is the process of heating an ore to decompose sulfides and remove impurities.

Calcination and roasting are both processes used in metallurgy to convert ores into a more useful form.

Calcination involves heating a substance in the presence of air or oxygen, which leads to the removal of any volatile impurities, such as water or carbon dioxide, and the conversion of carbonates into oxides. This process is commonly used in the production of lime and cement.

Roasting, on the other hand, is the process of heating an ore in the presence of excess air or oxygen.

This allows the decomposition of sulfides into oxides and the removal of any volatile impurities.

Roasting is often used in the extraction of metals, such as iron, where the ore is heated to convert it into a more suitable form for further processing.

The chemical formula for Chromium(III) Monohydrogen Phosphate is Cr(H2PO4)3.

Explanation:

Chromium(III): Chromium is a transition metal with multiple oxidation states, and in this compound, it exists in its +3 oxidation state, denoted as III.

Monohydrogen Phosphate: The term "monohydrogen" indicates that there is one hydrogen ion (H+) associated with the phosphate ion ([tex]PO4^{3-}[/tex]). The phosphate ion, [tex]PO4^{3-}[/tex], is a polyatomic ion consisting of one phosphorus atom (P) and four oxygen atoms (O). In this compound, each phosphate ion has one hydrogen ion associated with it.

Therefore, the compound is named Chromium(III) Monohydrogen Phosphate because it contains Chromium in the +3 oxidation state bonded to phosphate ions with one hydrogen ion attached to each phosphate ion.

This compound's chemical formula, Cr(H2PO4)3, accurately represents its composition, indicating the number and types of atoms present. It is important to use parentheses to indicate that the hydrogen phosphate group (H2PO4) is bonded to the chromium ion (Cr). This notation ensures clarity and accuracy in chemical formulas.

Thus, the chemical formula for Chromium(III) Monohydrogen Phosphate is Cr(H2PO4)3.

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Answer: Option E

Explanation:

The role of nature is that predators eat prey. They serve as food for the predators. If there is a increase in the size of the prey population then there will be increase in the size of predators.

Example: The lions feed on the rabbit for the its energy needs. If the size of rabbits will increase then the there will be a slight increase in the population of the lions as there will be a proper supply of food for them.

hence, the correct answer is option E

Moving left to right across a row of the periodic table, [tex]\boxed{{\text{b}}{\text{. atomic number}}}[/tex]  increases by exactly one from element to element

Further Explanation:

Periodic table:

A systematic arrangement of elements in various rows and columns is known as a periodic table. Here, elements are arranged in increasing order of their respective atomic numbers so that elements with the same chemical and physical properties lie in the same group. Horizontal rows are called periods and vertical columns are called groups. There are 18 groups and 7 periods in a periodic table.

Elements are further classified as metals, non-metals, and metalloids in the periodic table. The elements placed at the left side of the table are called metals and the elements placed at the right of the table are called non-metals. Metalloids are the elements kept between metals and non-metals.

Atomic number is equal to the number of protons present in the nucleus of the atom. In the periodic table, elements are arranged in the increasing order of their atomic numbers so the atomic number increases by exact one unit while moving from left to right in a row.

Atomic mass is the total number of nucleons (protons and neutrons) within the atomic nucleus. It is also known as the mass number. Boron and carbon lie in the same period of the periodic table. Carbon is present to the right of boron. But the mass number of B is 10.8 g while that of C is 12 g. So the mass number does not increase by exactly one unit while moving from left to right in a row.

Atomic mass unit (AMU) is defined as 1/12th mass of a carbon-12 atom. It is used to indicate relative masses of various isotopes. It also does not increase by one unit from left to right in a row.

Atoms of the same element with the same atomic number but different mass numbers are called isotopes. These have the same number of protons but the number of neutrons is different. Isotope number is calculated by the subtraction of number of neutrons and number of protons. It is dependent on both the atomic number and the mass number. As the mass number does not increase by one unit from left to right, isotope number cannot increase by exactly one unit in a row.

Therefore option b is the correct answer.

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Answer details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Periodic classification of elements

Keywords: periodic table, systematic arrangement, elements, groups, periods, atomic number, isotope number, atomic mass unit, mass number, carbon-12, 12 g, neutrons, protons, nucleons, atomic mass.

Answer:

Explanation:

the compound is dissolved in water