What is the mass of a 300 ml sample of gaseous hydrogen chloride at 2.0 atm and 30c?

Answers

Answer 1

Ideal gas law is valid only for ideal gas not for vanderwaal gas. Ideal gas is a hypothetical gas. Vanderwaal gas can behave as ideal gas at low pressure and high temperature. Therefore, the mass of a 300 ml sample of gaseous hydrogen chloride at 2.0 atm and 30°C is 0.00868g.

What is ideal gas equation?

Ideal gas equation is the mathematical expression that relates pressure volume and temperature.

Mathematically the relation between Pressure, volume and temperature can be given as

PV=nRT

where,

P = pressure of gas

V= volume of gas

n =number of moles of gas

T =temperature of gas

R = Gas constant = 0.0821 L.atm/K.mol

substituting all the given values in the above equation

(2 )(0.3 ) = n(8.314 )(303)

0.6 = n(2519.142)

n = 0.00023818 mols of HCl

mass of HCl= 0.00023818 mols of HCl ×36.46g of HCl/ 1 mol of HCl

mass of HCl = 0.00868g

Therefore, the mass of a 300 ml sample of gaseous hydrogen chloride at 2.0 atm and 30°C is 0.00868g.

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Answer 2

Final answer:

To find the mass of a 300 ml sample of gaseous hydrogen chloride at 2.0 atm and 30°C, use the Ideal Gas Law to determine the number of moles, then multiply by the molar mass of HCl. The approximate mass is 0.89 grams.

Explanation:

To calculate the mass of a 300 ml sample of gaseous hydrogen chloride at 2.0 atm and 30°C, we can use the Ideal Gas Law, which is PV = nRT. In this case, we need to rearrange the equation to solve for n (the number of moles), then convert moles to mass using the molar mass of HCl.

First, convert the volume from milliliters to liters: 300 ml = 0.300 L.

Next, since the temperature is given in degrees Celsius, convert it to Kelvin: T(K) = 30°C + 273.15 = 303.15 K.

The Ideal Gas Law in terms of n is n = PV / RT. Here, P is the pressure in atm (2.0 atm), V is the volume in liters (0.300 L), R is the ideal gas constant (0.0821 L·atm/K·mol), and T is the temperature in Kelvin (303.15 K).

Substituting the values:

n = (2.0 atm * 0.300 L) / (0.0821 L·atm/K·mol * 303.15 K)n ≈ 0.0244 moles (rounded to the correct number of significant figures)

Finally, we find the mass by multiplying the number of moles by the molar mass of HCl, which is approximately 36.46 g/mol.

Mass = n * molar mass of HCl = 0.0244 moles * 36.46 g/mol ≈ 0.89 g (rounded to two significant figures)

The mass of the 300 ml sample of gaseous hydrogen chloride at 2.0 atm and 30°C is approximately 0.89 grams.


Related Questions

A less-intense wave will have fewer _____ than a more-intense wave.

Answers

A less intense wave will have fewer OSCILLATING AMPLITUDE than a more intense wave.
The intensity of a wave is the power transferred per unit area, where the area is measured on the plane perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the energy. Intense sounds are characterized by the particles of the medium vibrating back and forth with large amplitude.

Decibels is the answer for this one.

Please help with Question #10 and preferably explain what you did, thank you!

Answers

10) 45 mi/hr --> ft/sec.
Answer: 66 ft/sec.

Which statement below best describes the temperature of the atmosphere at various altitudes?

A.) The mesosphere has a lower temperature than the thermosphere.
B.) The mesosphere has a higher temperature than the thermosphere.
C.) The temperature of the mesosphere is the same as the thermosphere.
D.) The altitude has no impact on the temperature of the atmospheric layers.

Answers

The correct option is A. The atmosphere is divided into four layers, which are troposphere, stratosphere, mesophere and thermosphere. In all these layers, temperature changes with changes in altitude. Of all these atmospheric layers, mesophere is the coldest; temperature in mesophere decreases with increasing altitude to about -100 degree Celcius.

Answer:

A). The mesophere has a lower temperature than the thermosphere.

Explanation:

At the mesophere,  the temperature decreases with height, reaching a minimum of about -90°C at the "mesopause".  As we rise up in the mesophere, the temperture becomes colder and colder. Above the mesophere is the thermosphere, where variations in the sun's energy have a powerful influence on both the height of the top layer of the thermosphere and the temperature within it. Because of this, temperatures of the upper layer of thermosphere can vary from 500° C (932° F) to 2,000° C (3,632° F) or higher.

1. Fill in the chart below (Table below) by writing formulas for the compounds that might form between the ions in the columns and rows. Some of these compounds don’t exist but you can still write formulas for them.

Answers

The chemical formula of the compound produced from the reaction of the anion (a negatively charged ion) with formula of A⁻ᵃ and a cation (a positively charged ion) with formula B⁺ˣ can be written as,
            BₐAₓ

The answers to the questions above:

Row 2, Column 2: Na⁺ and NO⁻³  : Na₃NO
Row 2, Column 3: Ca²⁺ and NO⁻³ : Ca₃(NO)₂
Row 2, Column 4: Fe³⁺ and NO⁻³ : Fe₃(NO)₃
    This can be furthered reduced to: FeNO
Row 2, Column 5: NH⁴⁺ and NO⁻³ : (NH)₃(NO)₄
Row 2, Column 6: Sn⁴⁺ and NO⁻³ : Sn₃(NO)₄

For the third row anion, S₂⁻
Row 3, Column 2: Na⁺ and S₂⁻ : NaS₂
Row 3, Column 3: Ca²⁺ and S₂⁻ : CaS₄
Row 3, Column 4: Fe³⁺ and Si₂⁻ : FeS₆
Row 3, Column 5: NH⁴⁺ and S₂⁻ : NHS₈
Row 3, Column 6: Sn⁴⁺ and S₂⁻ : SnS₈

For Row 4 anion, PO₃⁻⁴
Row 4, Column 2: Na⁺ and PO₃⁻⁴: Na₄PO₃
Row 4, Column 3: Ca²⁺ and PO₃⁻⁴ : Ca₄(PO₃)₂
Row 4, Column 4: Fe³⁺ and PO₃⁻⁴ : Fe₄(PO₃)₃
Row 4, Column 5: NH⁺⁴ and PO₃⁻⁴ : (NH)₄(PO₃)₄
     This can be further simplified into NHPO₃
Row 4, Column 6: Sn⁴⁺ and PO₃⁻⁴ : Sn₄(PO₃)₄
     This can be further simplified into SnPO₃

For Row 5 anion, CO₂⁻³
Row 5, Column 2: Na⁺ and CO₂⁻³ : Na₃CO₂
Row 5, Column 3: Ca²⁺ and CO₂⁻³ : Ca₃(CO₂)₂
Row 5, Column 4: Fe³⁺ and CO₂⁻³ : Fe₃(CO₂)₃
    this can be further simplified into FeCO₂
Row 5, Column 5: NH⁴⁺ and CO₂⁻³ : (NH)₃(CO₂)₄
Row 5, Column 6: Sn⁴⁺ and CO₂⁻³ : Sn₃(CO₂)₄

Liquids can take the shape of their container but their atoms cannot move away from each enough to always fill the container true false

Answers

false because the atoms are what helps the liquid in the container

Answer:

False.

Explanation:

The liquids have properties in between solids and gas.

They have intermediate intermolecular interactions and thermal energy.

unlike solids they can occupy the particles do move here and there however the kinetic energy is less than that of gas.

Similar to gas they can take the shape of the container.

Also, they can move away from each other to fill the container upto their maximum volume.

Gases can fill the container upto the volume of container.

In part a, we saw that the theoretical yield of aluminum oxide is 0.700 mol . calculate the percent yield if the actual yield of aluminum oxide is 0.385 mol .

Answers

I believe the percent yield is 55%.

You mix 55 ml of 1.00 m silver nitrate with 25 ml of 1.06 m sodium chloride. what mass of silver chloride should you form?

Answers

Final answer:

In the chemical reaction between silver nitrate and sodium chloride, the limiting reactant is sodium chloride. It reacts completely to form 3.79g of silver chloride.

Explanation:

This question is about a chemical reaction between silver nitrate (AgNO₃) and sodium chloride (NaCl) to form silver chloride (AgCl) and sodium nitrate (NaNO₃). This is a double displacement reaction where Ag+ ions from AgNO₃ combine with Cl- ions from NaCl to produce AgCl.

Firstly, we need to consider the reaction stoichiometry as AgNO₃ + NaCl ----> AgCl + NaNO₃. This shows that one mole of silver nitrate reacts with one mole of sodium chloride to form one mole of silver chloride and one mole of sodium nitrate. Therefore, the reaction is a one-to-one ratio. Secondly, the number of moles of each reactant must be determined. Moles is given by volume in liters multiplied by concentration in mol/L. Hence, moles of AgNO₃ = 0.055 L * 1.00 mol/L = 0.055 mol and moles of NaCl = 0.025 L * 1.06 mol/L = 0.0265 mol.

As we see, NaCl is the limiting reactant, i.e., it will completely react and determine the amount of product formed. Therefore, the moles of AgCl formed will be 0.0265 mol. The mass of AgCl formed can be calculated from its molar mass (143.32 g/mol) by multiplying with the moles. Hence, mass of AgCl = 0.0265 mol * 143.32 g/mol = 3.79g.


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Mixing 55 ml of 1.00 M silver nitrate with 25 ml of 1.06 M sodium chloride results in the formation of 3.80 grams of silver chloride. Sodium chloride is the limiting reactant, and the calculation involves determining moles and using the balanced chemical equation. The molar masses are then used to find the mass of the product formed.

Step-by-Step Explanation:

1. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between silver nitrate ([tex]AgNO_3[/tex]) and sodium chloride (NaCl) is:
[tex]AgNO_3 (aq) + NaCl (aq) \rightarrow AgCl (s) + NaNO_3 (aq)[/tex]

2. First, calculate moles of each reactant:
Moles of [tex]AgNO_3[/tex]= Volume (L) × Molarity (mol/L) = 0.055 L × 1.00 mol/L = 0.055 mol
Moles of NaCl = Volume (L) × Molarity (mol/L) = 0.025 L × 1.06 mol/L = 0.0265 mol

3. Identify the limiting reactant by comparing the mole ratio of reactants:
From the balanced equation, the mole ratio of AgNO3 to NaCl is 1:1.

Since 0.055 mol of [tex]AgNO_3[/tex]> 0.0265 mol of NaCl, NaCl is the limiting reactant.

4. Calculate moles of AgCl produced:
From the balanced equation, moles of AgCl formed are equal to moles of NaCl (limiting reagent).
Moles of AgCl = 0.0265 mol

5. Convert moles of AgCl to mass:
Mass = Moles × Molar Mass
Molar Mass of AgCl = 107.87 g/mol (Ag) + 35.45 g/mol (Cl) = 143.32 g/mol
Mass of AgCl = 0.0265 mol × 143.32 g/mol = 3.80 g

Therefore, the mass of silver chloride formed is 3.80 grams.

Identify the parts of the energy diagrams

Answers

Answer : Graph 1 is an endothermic reaction and Graph 2 is an exothermic reaction. The labeling of both the graphs are shown below.

Explanation :

Endothermic reaction : In this reaction, the energy is absorbed from the surrounding.

In the endothermic reaction, the energy of reactant are less than the energy of product.

Exothermic reaction : In this reaction, the energy is released into the surrounding.

In the exothermic reaction, the energy of reactant are more than the energy of product.

Transition state : It is a state when the reactant molecules absorb energy then their bonds are loosened and new lose bonds are formed between them. The intermediate formed is known as activated complex or transition state. It is unstable state and immediately dissociates to form the stable products.

Activation energy : The minimum amount of energy absorbed by the reactant molecules so that their energy becomes equal to the threshold energy.

Hence, the labeling of both the graph 1 and 2 are shown below.

During what change of state do atoms or molecules become more ordered

Answers

Condensation because the water vapor has a high entropy(disorder) and liquid water has a lower entropy.

Answer:

sublimation and melting

Explanation:

Most semiconductors are _____.

a. nonmetals
b. metalloids
c. synthetics
d. metals

Answers

Most semiconductors are metals because metals are big conductors of things like electricity. (Hope this helps and if not, I apologize)

What is the chemical characteristics of the compound barium oxide?

Answers

Barium oxide is a white, hygroscopic non-flammable compound. It also takes on the form of a cubic structure and is used in cathode ray tubes, crown glass, and catalysts.

It's known to be very harmful to human skin and if swallowed in large quantities it causes irritation. Excessive quantities of barium oxide can and most likely will lead to death.

Complete the chart. (Remember to enter a 0 if necessary.)

Atomic Number: 19

1s:

2s:

2p:

3s:

3p:

4s:

3d:

4p:

5s:

Answers

[Ar] 4s1
1s2
2s2
2p6
3s2
3p6
4s1
<3

 The completed  chart   atomic number 19  is as below ,

1S  2

2s 2

2p 6

3s 2

3p 6

4s 1

3d 0

4p 0

5s 0


 Explanation

 According to Aufbau  principle  in ground  state, electrons of atom fill  the  atomic orbital of lowest  energy  level   before  occupying  that of higher energy level .


1s  orbital is of lower  energy and is  filled  first , followed by 2s  orbital , 2p  orbital , 3s orbital, 3p orbital   and finally  4s orbitalS orbital  can hold a maximum of 2  electrons . P  orbital  can hold   a  maximum of 6  electrons  while d  orbital  can  hold a maximum of  of 10 electrons.

Therefore  element  in  atomic number 19  has  1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1  electron configuration .

Do states need to be written in a chemical equation

Answers

yes. because equation balances the number of particles.

If 68.0 grams of n2, are able to completely react with unlimited hydrogen, how many grams of ammonia nh3, will be produced

Answers

N2 +3 H2 ⇌ 2 NH3
no of mol of N2 used
=68/28
=2.429 mol
1 mol of N2 produces 2 mol of NH3
2.429 mol of N2 produces 4.858 mol of NH3
mass of NH3 produced
=4.858×17
=82.586g

Tear gas has the composition 40.25% carbon, 6.19% hydrogen, 8.94% oxygen, 44.62% bromine. what is the empirical formula of this compound?

Answers

Answer: Empirical formula will be [tex]C_6H_{11}OBr[/tex]

Explanation: Assuming that the total mass of the given tear gas = 100g

Mass of each element will be equal to the percentages of each element given

Mass of Carbon = 40.25g

Mass of Hydrogen = 6.19g

Mass of Oxygen = 8.94g

Mass of Bromine = 44.62g

Now, converting mass of each element into their moles using the formula

[tex]Moles=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}[/tex]

[tex]\text{Moles of carbon}=\frac{40.25g}{12g}=3.354moles[/tex]     (Molar Mass of C = 12g)

[tex]\text{Moles of hydrogen}=\frac{6.19g}{1g}=6.19moles[/tex]    (Molar Mass of H = 1g)

[tex]\text{Moles of oxygen}=\frac{8.94g}{16g}=0.558moles[/tex]    (Molar Mass of O = 16g)

[tex]\text{Moles of Bromine}=\frac{44.62g}{80g}=0.558moles[/tex]    (Molar Mass of Br = 80g)

Dividing moles of each element with the smallest number of moles calculated, we get the mole ratio of each element.

[tex]\text{Mole Ratio of carbon}=\frac{3.354moles}{0.558moles}=6.01\approx 6[/tex]

[tex]\text{Mole Ratio of hydrogen}=\frac{6.19moles}{0.558moles}=11.09\approx 11[/tex]

[tex]\text{Mole Ratio of oxygen}=\frac{0.558moles}{0.558moles}=1[/tex]

[tex]\text{Mole Ratio of bromine}=\frac{0.558moles}{0.558moles}=1[/tex]

The mole ratio of each element is written in the subscript of each element in the empirical formula.

Empirical Formula : [tex]C_6H_{11}OBr[/tex]

Empirical formula will be [tex]C_6H_{11}OBr[/tex]

Let us assume that the total mass of the given tear gas = 100g

Mass of each element will be equal to the percentages of each element given.

Mass of Carbon = 40.25g

Mass of Hydrogen = 6.19g

Mass of Oxygen = 8.94g

Mass of Bromine = 44.62g

Calculation for number of moles:

Moles of Carbon= [tex]\frac{40.25g}{12g/mol}=3.354moles[/tex]

Moles of Hydrogen= [tex]\frac{6.19g}{1g/mol}=6.19moles[/tex]

Moles of Oxygen= [tex]\frac{8.94g}{16g/mol}=0.588moles[/tex]

Moles of Bromine= [tex]\frac{44.62g}{80g/mol}=0.558moles[/tex]

Calculation for mole-ratio:

Mole- ratio of Carbon = [tex]\frac{3.354}{0.058}=6[/tex]

Mole- ratio of Hydrogen = [tex]\frac{6.19}{0.558}=11[/tex]

Mole- ratio of Oxygen = [tex]\frac{0.588}{0.588}=1[/tex]

Mole- ratio of Bromine = [tex]\frac{0.588}{0.588}=1[/tex]

The mole ratio of each element is written in the subscript of each element in the empirical formula.

Thus, Empirical Formula : [tex]C_6H_{11}OBr[/tex]

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Why does it conduct more before and after this minimum point?

Answers


Let me give you an example. Lets say that we have an amount of Ba(OH)2 compared to H2SO4. And let's say that the Ba(OH)2 dissociates as Ba+2 + 2 OH-. H2SO4 dissociates as 2 H+ + SO4-2. So, what happens here is that when the conductivity is at a minimum it means that stoichiometric amounts of Ba(OH)2 and H2SO4 are present and the only materials you can find there in the reaction vessel are H2O and BaSO4. That is why it conduct more before and after this minimum point
Final answer:

Your question on 'why does it conduct more before and after this minimum point' refers to electronic conduction in a material. The 'minimum point' might indicate the moment when a shift occurs due to variations induced by inducing polarization or changes in potential. The conduction is higher before and after this point due to the internal electric field created by shifting negative and positive charges.

Explanation:

From the details provided, your query about 'why does it conduct more before and after this minimum point' seems to be referring to a process of electronic conduction in a material under the influence of an insulator or a potential change. Hence, we can look at it under Electricity and Magnetism in physics. Referring to your context, about inducing polarization and charge distribution, this can create variations in the conduction capability of a material.

As for why it 'conducts more before and after this minimum point', it can correspond to specific points along a potential gradient where the electronic conduction shifts upward or downward due to the variations induced by the polarizing effect or changes in potential - regions of higher or lower potential can impact motion of charged particles.

If you look at a graph detailing this phenomenon, it might show a 'minimum point' that indicates the moment when this shift occurs. Before and after this minimum point, the conduction is higher due to the concentration of negative charges at one end and positive at the other, which creates an internal electric field that increases conductivity.

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A jar containing only nickels and dimes contains a total of 60 coins. the value of all the coins in the jar is $4.45. solve by elimination to find the amount of nickels and dimes that are in the jar.

Answers

1 nickle = 5 cents

1 dime = 10 cents

$4.45 = 445 cents

let

n = the number of nickles, n>=0

d = the number of dimes, d>=0

a jar containing only nickels and dimes contain a total of 60 coins:

n + d = 60

the value of all the coins in the jar is $4.45:

5n + 10d = 445

by solving the system of equations:

n + d = 60

5n + 10d = 445

we find:

n = 31 nickels

d = 29 dimes

Which is the highest sublimation point for phosphorus tribromide and water or carbon dioxide?

Answers

sublimation point for phosphorous tribromide is 347°F (175°C). sublimation point for water is 211.9 °F (99.97 °C). sublimation point for carbon dioxide is â’109.3 °F(â’78.5 °C). so, phosphorus tribromide has the highest sublimation point (347°F) among these three.

Under standard atmospheric conditions, water has a higher sublimation point when compared with carbon dioxide; water sublimes from ice to vapor at 0°C, while carbon dioxide sublimes at -78.5°C.

The question is regarding the comparison of the sublimation points of phosphorus tribromide, water, and carbon dioxide. To answer which has the highest sublimation point, let's refer to their respective phase diagrams and critical data. From the information provided:

Water's triple point occurs at 0.01°C and 0.00604 atm or 611 Pa. At pressures lower than this, water directly sublimes from ice to vapor at 0°C.

Carbon dioxide's triple point is at -57.57°C and 5.11 atm. At 1 atm pressure, solid CO₂ sublimes directly to vapor at -78.5°C, its normal sublimation temperature.

Phosphorus tribromide (PBr₃) is not mentioned in the provided data, so we'll leave it out of this comparison.

Water has a much higher sublimation temperature (0°C) compared to carbon dioxide (-78.5°C) under standard atmospheric conditions (1 atm). This indicates that water has a much higher sublimation point than carbon dioxide.

Which process is a form of mechanical weathering?

A: Wedging
B: Oxidation
C: Hydrolysis
D: Carbonation

Answers

The answer is A. Wedging

Answer:

Wedging

Explanation:

Ice wedging is a form of mechanical weathering or physical weathering in which cracks in rock or other surfaces become filled with water,it now freezes and expands, causing the cracks in the rock to enlarge and eventually break in pieces.

The other options listed are chemical processes respectively.

How is each measurement represented using scientific notation?0.000000655 mL = 6.55 × 10-7 mL 6.55 × 109 mL 655 × 106 mL

Answers

The answer is: 6.55 x 10^ -7

Answer : The given number in scientific notation will be, [tex]6.55\times 10^{-7}ml[/tex]

Explanation :

Scientific notation : It is the representation of expressing the numbers that are too big or too small and are represented in the decimal form with one digit before the decimal point times 10 raise to the power.

For example :

90000 is written as [tex]9.0\times 10^4[/tex]

999.9 is written as [tex]9.999\times 10^{-2}[/tex]

As we are given that the number is, 0.000000655 ml

This number is written in scientific notation as :

[tex]6.55\times 10^{-7}ml[/tex]

Hence, the given number in scientific notation will be, [tex]6.55\times 10^{-7}ml[/tex]





To the nearest gram, what is the mass of one spoonful of sugar? g


Answers

The answer is 10 g I just answered it

Final answer:

A typical spoonful of sugar weighs approximately 4 grams when rounded to the nearest gram.

Explanation:

The mass of one level spoonful of sugar can slightly vary depending on the size of the spoon but an average teaspoon generally holds around 4 grams of sugar. Measuring by weight is more accurate than volume when it comes to dry ingredients such as sugar. Therefore, when you round to the nearest gram, one spoonful of sugar is approximately 4 grams.

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___ HBr + ____ Mg(OH)2 ---> ____ MgBr2 + ____ H2O

Answers

You have to balance the equation. This is, you must place the coefficients in front of each compund so that the number of atoms of each element in the reactants equal the number of atoms of the same element in the products.

You can do that by simple inspection:

2HBr + Mg(OH)2 ---> MgBr2 +2H2O

Verify:

                 Reactants         Products
element

H              2 + 2 = 4              2*2 = 4
Br             2                          2
Mg           1                          1
O              2                          2

Which confirms the equation is balanced.

Answer: 2HBr + Mg(OH)2 --> MgBr2 + 2H2O

Describe how molecular models might prove to be helpful to scientists.

Answers

A model can be useful by helping scientists study and understand things that are complex or that can't be observed directly. It allows scientists to visualize and examine things that might not otherwise be physically accessible.
Although the chemical formula (ex. H20) tells a lot, it still doesn't reveal everything. Molecular models can help give the scientists a visual representation of the size, structure, and shape of the molecule.

From your friendly Helper-in-Training, collinjun0827

What quantity measures the amount of space an object occupies?

Answers

Answer:

Volume

Explanation:

Because if you got notes, or wrote some down they should say that volume measures the space an object occupies, therefor its volume

There are various quantities that can used to find the properties and measurements for an object. The space that an object  occupies is called volume.

What is volume?

Volume of a substance can be defined as the space it occupies.Volume can be expressed in liters, cm³ , ml, ppm etc.based on the state of the substance.

A substance can exhibit in any one of the three states namely solids, liquids and gases. In solids all the molecules are closely packed by the intermolecular attraction and thus solids have a perfect shape, size and volume and  here we can use the unit  cm³.

In the case of liquids there are some space between the molecules and thus liquids have no shape or size but they assume the shape and volume of the container in which it is taken.

In the case of gases, all the  molecules are far apart without any force of attraction therefore, they can occupy a large volume in the atmosphere by spreading.

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An electron is a particle with a _____.
negative charge, found in the nucleus
negative charge, found outside the nucleus
positive charge, found in the nucleus
positive charge, found outside the nucleus

Answers

Answer: An electron is a particle with a negative charge, found outside the nucleus.

Explanation: In an atom, there is a nucleus in the center that has protons and neutrons. Mostly the mass of an atom is the sum of masses of protons and neutrons.  Protons are positively charged ions and neutrons are neutral.

Electrons are present around the nucleus(outside the nucleus) in different energy shells. An electron has negative charge and gain or loss of electrons is the cause of chemical reactions.

Number of protons equals to the atomic number of an atom. Number of electrons is also same to the number of protons for a neutral atom where as the difference of mass number and protons is the number of neutrons.

An electron is a particle with a negative charge, found outside the nucleus and the correct option is option 2.

An electron is a negatively charged subatomic particle that can be either bound to an atom or free (not bound). An electron that is bound to an atom is one of the three primary types of particles within the nucleus of an atom -- the other two are protons and neutrons.

The structure and quantity of electrons in an atom dictate the specific energy levels or orbitals that the electrons inhabit. There can be up to two electrons in the first electron shell, and there can be up to eight electrons in each of the second and third electron shells.

An atom's reactivity and chemical characteristics are governed by the number of electrons in its outermost shell.

Thus, the ideal selection is option 2.

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Give the chemical formula and systematic name for aurous sulfide, which is named using the older nomenclature. spelling counts!

Answers

Aurous is a cation of gold. Gold takes the name "aurum" (Au) with atomic number of 79. In its purest form, the element is bright, slightly yellow, soft, ductile, and malleable. The charge of aurous is +1. Sulfide, on the other hand, has a charge of -2. 

Hence, the chemical formula of the compound is Au₂S and its systematic name is gold (I) sulfide. 
Final answer:

Aurous sulfide has the chemical formula Au2S, and in systematic nomenclature, it is named gold(I) sulfide.

Explanation:

The chemical formula for aurous sulfide is Au2S. The name aurous sulfide uses the older nomenclature where the suffix '-ous' indicates a lower oxidation state of the metal. In systematic nomenclature, this compound is named gold(I) sulfide. Gold in this compound has a +1 oxidation state. Therefore, the systematic name clearly provides the charge on the gold ion, which is essential for distinguishing between different oxidation states of elements in compounds.

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If 56.8 ml of bacl2 solution is needed to precipitate all the sulfate ion in a 554 mg sample of na2so4 (forming baso4), what is the molarity of the solution?

Answers

0.0687 m The balanced equation is BaCl2 + Na2SO4 ==> BaSO4 + 2 NaCl Looking at the equation, it indicates that there's a 1 to 1 ratio of BaCl2 and Na2SO4 in the reaction. So the number of moles of each will be equal. Now calculate the number of moles of Na2SO4 we had. Start by looking up atomic weights. Atomic weight sodium = 22.989769 Atomic weight sulfur = 32.065 Atomic weight oxygen = 15.999 Molar mass Na2SO4 = 2 * 22.989769 + 32.065 + 4 * 15.999 = 142.040538 g/mol Moles Na2SO4 = 0.554 g / 142.040538 g/mol = 0.003900295 mol Molarity is defined as moles per liter, so let's do the division. 0.003900295 mol / 0.0568 l = 0.068667165 mol/l = 0.068667165 m Rounding to 3 significant figures gives 0.0687 m

Which pair of kingdoms include organisms which are all multicellular?

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The animal kingdom includes multicellular organisms. Also the cells of the species in this kingdom have a nucleus but no chloroplasts or cell wall. 
It is the largest of all of the six kingdoms and includes mammals, birds, reptiles, insects and more.
Other kingdom from which all organisms are multicellular is the plant kingdom. It includes all types of plants including mosses, flowering plants, and ferns. 

Suppose you haven’t cleaned out your locker all year. Where would you except to find papers from the beginning of the year? What principle of geology would you use to find these old papers?

Answers

You would expect to find the old papers in the back or bottom of your locker under all the new stuff. And I’m not really sure about the second half. But I hope I was some help.

Which is the most active nonmetallic element in group 16?

Answers

Oxygen

For metals, reactivity increases as we move through the elements in the period table from top to bottom, and left to right. In contrast, for nonmetals, reactivity increases as we move through the elements in the periodic table, as we move from bottom to the top, and right to left. 

Group 16 on the periodic table is also called the oxygen family or chalcogens. It includes the following elements from top to bottom: Oxygen, Sulfur, Selenium, Tellurium, and Polonium. Of these, only Oxygen, Sulfur, and Selenium are nonmetals. Since reactivity of nonmetals increases going up the periodic table, oxygen is therefore the most reactive nonmetal in the group. Shown in the figure below is the reactivity trend in the periodic table.
Final answer:

Oxygen (O) is the most active nonmetallic element in group 16, known as the chalcogens, due to its high electronegativity and ability to form compounds with most elements.

Explanation:

The most active nonmetallic element in group 16, also known as the chalcogens, is oxygen (O). Oxygen is highly reactive, forming compounds with most elements, and is a crucial component for life on Earth. Among the chalcogens, which include oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, and polonium, oxygen is the most electronegative, meaning that it has a stronger tendency to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond. This property makes oxygen the most active nonmetal in its group.

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