Atoms and elements are pure substances.
Elements are pure substances made up of one type of atom. Atoms are the smallest unit of an element and include protons, neutrons and electrons. The number of protons in an atom defines the element it represents.
Explanation:The relationship between atoms and elements is foundational to the study of chemistry. Elements are pure substances that consist of only one type of atom. For instance, the element gold is made up of only gold atoms, and the element oxygen is made up of only oxygen atoms.
Atoms are the smallest unit of an element that retains the properties of that element. They are composed of protons, neutrons and electrons. The number of protons in an atom determines the element it represents. For example, an atom with one proton is a hydrogen atom, whereas an atom with six protons is a carbon atom.
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A collision between two large spiral galaxies is likely to produce
A large elliptical galaxy. Hope this helped
Final answer:
A collision between two spiral galaxies generally results in the creation of a single elliptical galaxy, involving gravitational interactions and often triggering new star formation. Through observations and simulations, we see this process unfold over very long time scales.
Explanation:
A collision between two large spiral galaxies is likely to result in the formation of a single, more massive elliptical galaxy. During such a collision, which is more accurately described as a 'merger', the gravitational forces between the stars and dark matter in each galaxy cause them to interact. While individual stars do not physically collide due to vast interstellar distances, the gas components of the galaxies can collide and trigger bursts of new star formation. This process can also give rise to phenomena such as starburst galaxies and active galactic nuclei (AGN), which can have a significant impact on the evolution of galaxies.
Galactic collisions are intricate, slow-moving interactions happening over timescales of hundreds of millions to a billion years. Through Hubble Space Telescope observations and computer simulations, we have been able to witness these awe-inspiring events, which provide insight into how galaxies evolve. For example, in a computer simulation of a collision between two spiral galaxies, one can see the transformation unfolding where two separate spirals gradually merge to form a single elliptical galaxy, marked by extensive star formation.
Why do most earthquakes occur at tectonic plate boundaries
Answer:
Notice that many plate boundaries do not coincide with coastlines. Earthquakes can also occur far from the edges of plates, along faults. Faults are cracks in the earth where sections of a plate (or two plates) are moving in different directions. Faults are caused by all that bumping and sliding the plates do.
Maria drove to the store and then to work.
What is Maria's total displacement during her trip?
A) 0 km
B) 30 km
C) 60 km
D) 65 km
Answer: C - 60km !!!
Explanation:
What name is given to the rate at which energy is transferred?
Answer:
Power
Explanation:
By definition, power is the rate of energy transfer from one system to another. It is measured in Watts or Joule per second. Power can also be defined as the rate work is done. It can also be calculated using the formula:
[tex]Power = \dfrac{Work}{Time}[/tex]
Power is the name given to the rate at which energy is transferred, and it's a fundamental concept in physics related to work and heat transfer.
Explanation:The name given to the rate at which energy is transferred is called power. This concept is central in the field of physics, especially when discussing mechanical or electrical systems where energy transfer can occur at varying rates. For example, when an external force is exerted on an object that causes it to move through a distance, the energy transferred in the process is known as work. The power of a system defines how quickly this work is done or how rapidly energy is transferred into, out of, or within the system.
The rate of heat transfer by emitted radiation can be described by the Stefan-Boltzmann law, which incorporates the surface area, temperature, and the Stefan-Boltzmann constant to calculate power. Common units of energy used in such calculations include the kilocalorie (kcal) and the joule (J).
What is the minimum eccentricity an ellipse can have
Answer:
Zero (the ellipse is a circle)
Explanation:
The eccentricity of an ellipse is defined as the ratio between the distance of each focus from the centre of the ellipse (c) and the length of the semimajor axis (a):
[tex]e = \frac{c}{a}[/tex]
For a perfect circle, the focii correspond to the centre of the circle, so
c = 0
which means that for a circle,
e = 0
Therefore, the minimum value of the eccentricity of an ellipse is zero, and it occurs when the ellipse coincides with a circle.
When current is flowing in an ordinary metal wire, the magnitude of the average velocity of the electrons is closest toa) 10 m/sb) the speed of lightc) 10 microns/sd) 1 km/se) 1 m/s
Answer:
c) 10 microns/s
Explanation:
The drift velocity (the velocity of the current) of the electrons in a wire is given by
[tex]v=\frac{I}{nAq}[/tex]
where
I is the current
n is the electron number density (the number of electrons per unit volume)
A is the cross-sectional area of the wire
[tex]q=1.6\cdot 10^{-19} C[/tex] is the charge of one electron
Taking a current of
I = 1 A
in a wire of radius r = 1 mm (0.001 m), so with cross-sectional area
[tex]A=\pi r^2 = \pi (0.001 m)^2=3.14\cdot 10^{-6} m^2[/tex]
made of copper, whose electron density number is around
[tex]n=8.5\cdot 10^{28} m^{-3}[/tex]
we find
[tex]v=\frac{1 A}{(8.5\cdot 10^{28} m^{-3})(3.14\cdot 10^{-6} m^2)(1.6\cdot 10^{-19} C)}=2.34\cdot 10^{-5} m/s[/tex]
which means that the closest estimate is
c) 10 microns/s
A string on a harp supports a wave with a wavelength of 2.4 m and a frequency of 215.0 Hz. Calculate the wave speed.
The wave speed will be 516 m/sec. The wave speed is the product of the wavelength and the frequency of the wave.
What is wavelength?The distance between two successive troughs or crests is known as the wavelength. The peak of the wave is the highest point, while the trough is the lowest.
The wavelength is also defined as the distance between two locations in a wave that have the same oscillation phase.
The given data in the problem is;
v is the speed = ?
f is the frequency= 215.0 Hz.
λ is the wavelength of the wave= 2.4 m
The relationship between the wave's wavelength, frequency, and speed is given as;
wavelength = speed of wave / frequency
The speed of the wave is found as;
[tex]\rm \lambda= \frac{v}{f} \\\\ \rm v = \lambda \times f \\\\\ \rm v = 2.4 \times 215 \\\\ v= 516 \ m/sec[/tex]
Hence, the wave speed will be 516 m/sec.
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the shopping cart is moving forward. What force moves it forward?
The force of the man pushing on the handle.
The force of the wheels pushing on the floor.
The force of the floor pushing on the wheels.
The weight of the shopping cart supplied by gravity.
Answer:
The force of the man pushing on the handle
Explanation:
The man pushing the cart is the main and only way the cart will move. If he didn't push it, he cart would just come to a halt....
It's A, The force of the man pushing on the handle
Planet with the most extreme temperature range
Mercury.
On the side that is facing sun it's extremely hot.
On the other side it's extremely cold.
Hope this helps.
r3t40
A concave mirror with a radius of curvature of 20 cm has a focal length of
A. 40 cm
B. 20 cm
C. 10 cm
D. answer depends on the index of refraction of the air around the mirror
Answer:
A. 40 cm
Explanation:
For a curved mirror, the focal length is twice the radius of curvature of the mirror. In formula:
[tex]f=2R[/tex]
where
f is the focal length
R is the radius of curvature
The concave mirror in this problem has a radius of curvature of
R = 20 cm
so, its focal length is
[tex]f=2R=2(20 cm)=40 cm[/tex]
In order to move a box filled with equipment to the second story loft in the warehouse, several students built a ramp or inclined plane. There was some disagreement on the height and material for the ramp. The loft height was 2.5 meters. Sara suggested a very long ramp, approximately 25 meters long. The other students disagreed, insisting it would take too much effort to push the box that distance and the ramp should be much shorter and steeper. Instead they built a ramp 10 meters in length. What comments would you make to the students based solely on the mechanical advantage of an inclined plane?
Answer:
A. sara is correct. IMA = length/height
Explanation:
Answer:
The longer the ramp, the greater the AMA.
Explanation:
When you are creating devices, mechanical devices like ramps to make a job easier for the human being, you want to create them as efficient and with the most upside possible, in that case when building a ramp the longer the ramp the easier it is to push something upwards on it, because the weight of the object is less taken into consideration as the angle of the ramp becomes smaller.
A dolphin jumps out of the water. As it falls back down it a clerated at a rate of -9,8m/s^2 for 0.8 seconds of free fall. To calculate how far the dolphin fell, what equation will you use?
Answer:
0.196 m
Explanation:
Given in the question that,
time taken by the dolphin to go back to water = 0.2 sec
To solve the question we will use Newton's Law of motion
S = ut + 0.5(a)t²here S is distance covered
u is initial speed
a = acceleration due to gravity
t = time taken
Plug value in the equation above
S = 0(0.2) + 0.5(-9.8)(0.2)²
S = 0.5(-9.8)(0.2)²
S = -0.196 m
Negative sign represent direction
(Assuming that dolphin have a vertical straight jump not a projectile motion)
The volume of a gas is reduced from 4 l to 0.5 l while the temperature is held constant. How does the gas pressure change?
Answer:
The pressure increases by a factor 8
Explanation:
For a gas held at constant temperature, Boyle's law can be applied. It states that the product of the gas pressure and the gas volume is constant, so we can write:
[tex]p_1 V_1 = p_2 V_2[/tex]
where
[tex]p_1[/tex] is the initial pressure
[tex]p_2[/tex] is the final pressure
[tex]V_1[/tex] is the initial volume
[tex]V_2[/tex] is the final volume
For the gas in this problem, the volume is reduced from
[tex]V_1 = 4 L[/tex]
to
[tex]V_2 = 0.5 L[/tex]
so we can rewrite the equation as
[tex]\frac{p_2}{p_1}=\frac{V_1}{V_2}=\frac{4 L}{0.5 L}=8[/tex]
this means that the pressure of the gas will increase by a factor 8.
A sample of iron has a volume of 10.0 mL. The density of iron is 7.87 g/mL. Which is the correct expression to calculate the mass of the sample using dimensional analysis? a. 10.0 mL x (7.87 g / 1 mL) b. 10.0 mL x (1 g / 7.87 mL) c. 10.0 mL x (1 mL / 7.87 g) d. 10.0 mL x (7.87 mL / 1 g)
Answer:
a. 10.0 mL x (7.87 g / 1 mL)
Explanation:
Mass is density times volume. Therefore:
m = 10.0 mL x (7.87 g / 1 mL)
In a displacement versus time graph, what does the slope of a line at any point indicate?
acceleration
maximum displacement
minimum displacement
velocity
In a displacement versus time graph, the slope of the line at any point on the graph indicates the magnitude of velocity.
(It can't indicate velocity completely, because the graph shows nothing about the direction of the motion.)
In a displacement versus time graph, the slope of the line at any point on the graph indicates the magnitude of velocity.
What is velocity?Velocity is the time rate of change of displacement. The displacement and velocity both are vector quantities. They represent magnitude and direction as well.
velocity = change in displacement / change in time
v = ds/dt
So, the slope of line showing the graph of displacement vs time give s an idea of velocity of the particle.
Thus, the slope of the line at any point on the graph indicates the magnitude of velocity.
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A 50 g ball of clay traveling at speed v0 hits and sticks to a 1.0 kg block sitting at rest on a frictionless surface.
A) What is the speed of the block after the collision?
B) What percentage of the ball's initial energy is "lost"?
A) [tex]0.048 v_0[/tex]
The law of conservation of momentum states that the total initial momentum must be equal to the total final momentum, so
[tex]p_i = p_f\\m v_0 = (m+M)v[/tex]
where
m = 50 g = 0.05 kg is the mass of the ball
v0 is the initial speed of the ball
M = 1.0 kg is the mass of the block
v is the final speed of the block+ball together
Solving for v, we find
[tex]v=\frac{mv_0}{m+M}=\frac{(0.05 kg)v_0}{0.05 kg+1.0 kg}=0.048 v_0[/tex]
B) 95.2 %
The initial kinetic energy of the ball is:
[tex]K_i=\frac{1}{2}mv_0^2 = \frac{1}{2}(0.05 kg)v_0^2 = 0.0250 v_0^2[/tex]
while the final kinetic energy of the system is
[tex]K_f=\frac{1}{2}(m+M)v^2 = \frac{1}{2}(0.05 kg+1.0 kg)(0.048 v_0)^2 = 0.0012 v_0^2[/tex]
So, the loss in kinetic energy is
[tex]\Delta K=K_i - K_f = 0.0250 v_0^2 - 0.0012 v_0 ^2 =0.0238 v_0^2[/tex]
In percentage,
[tex]\frac{\Delta K}{K_i}=\frac{0.0238 v_0^2}{0.0250 v_0^2}=0.952[/tex]
which means 95.2%.
Andrew has a four-year college loan for $20,000. The lender charges a simple interest rate of 5 percent. How much interest will he have to pay? simple interest = P × r × t A. $800 B. $4,000 C. $10,000
Answer:
B. $4,000
Explanation:
The formula for the simple interest is
[tex]interest = P\cdot r \cdot t[/tex]
where
P is the principal
r is the interest rate
t is the number of years
In this problem,
P = 20,000 $
r = 0.05
t = 4 years
So the interest is
[tex]P=(20,000 $)(0.05 )(4)=4,000 $[/tex]
Forces that are equal in size but opposite in direction are
Answer:
Balanced Forces
Explanation:
Balanced forces do not cause a change in the motion of objects. Forces that cause a change in motion of objects are called unbalanced forces. Unbalanced forces can change the motion of an object in two ways.
Forces that are equal in size but opposite in direction are called balanced forces. Balanced forces do not cause a change in the motion of objects. Forces that cause a change in motion of objects are called unbalanced forces. Unbalanced forces can change the motion of an object in two ways.
A girl and a boy are riding on a merry-go-round that is turning at a constant rate. The girl is near the outer edge, and the boy is closer to the center. For a given elapsed time interval, which rider has greater angular displacement?
Both the girl and the boy have the same nonzero angular displacement.
Both the girl and the boy have zero angular displacement.
The boy has greater angular displacement.
The girl has greater angular displacement.
Part B
A girl and a boy are riding on a merry-go-round that is turning at a constant rate. The girl is near the outer edge, and the boy is closer to the center. Who has greater linear speed?
Both the girl and the boy have zero linear speed.
The girl has greater linear speed.
Both the girl and the boy have the same nonzero linear speed.
The boy has greater linear speed.
(a) Both the girl and the boy have the same nonzero angular displacement.
Explanation:
The angular displacement of an object moving in uniform circular motion, as the boy and the girl on the merry-go-round, is given by
[tex]\theta= \omega t[/tex]
where
[tex]\omega[/tex] is the angular speed
t is the time interval
For a uniform object in uniform circular motion, all the points of the object have same angular speed. This means that the value of [tex]\omega[/tex] is the same for the boy and the girl.
Therefore, if we consider the same time interval t, the boy and the girl will also have same nonzero angular displacement.
(b) The girl has greater linear speed.
Explanation:
The linear (tangential) speed of a point along the merry-go-round is given by
[tex]v=\omega r[/tex]
where
[tex]\omega[/tex] is the angular speed
r is the distance of the point from the centre of the merry-go-round
In this problem, the girl is near the outer edge, while the boy is closer to the centre: since the value of [tex]\omega[/tex] is the same for both, this means that the value of r is larger for the girl, so the girl will also have a greater linear speed.
Both the girl and the boy riding on a merry-go-round have the same nonzero angular displacement, and the girl has greater linear speed.
What is angular displacement?The angular displacement of a body is the product of the angular velocity of the body and the time taken by it. It can be given as,
[tex]\theta=\omega\times t[/tex]
Here, (ω) is the angular velocity and (t) is the time taken.
The girl and the boy are riding on a merry-go-round that is turning at a constant rate. The girl is near the outer edge, and the boy is closer to the center.
Part A) The rider which has greater angular displacement-Each point of the circular motion, has the same angular speed and therefor the same angular displacement for the same time.
Hence, for a given elapsed time interval, both the girl and the boy have the same nonzero angular displacement.
Part B-The greater linear speed-A girl and a boy are riding on a merry-go-round that is turning at a constant rate. The girl is near the outer edge, and the boy is closer to the center.
As the linear speed is the product of angular velocity and distance of the body from the center of the rotation.
As the girl is at more distance from the center compare to boy. Hence, the girl has greater linear speed.
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Mechanical energy is conserved in the presence of which of the following types of forces?Select all that apply. A- electrostatic B- frictional C- magnetic D- gravitational
Mechanical energy remains constant (conserved) if only conservative forces act on the particles.
In this sense, the following forces are conservative:
-Gravitational
-Elastic
-Electrostatics
While the Friction Force and the Magnetic Force are not.
According to this, mechanical energy is conserved in the presence of electrostatic and gravitational forces. Therefore the correct options are A and D.
Answer:
A- electrostatic
C- magnetic
D- gravitational
Explanation:
As per mechanical energy conservation law we can say that when all conservative forces are present on the system then mechanical energy is always conserved
So here we have to choose all such options which will give conservative forces only
so correct answers are
A- electrostatic
C- magnetic
D- gravitational
A used car already has 40,000 miles on its odometer. The average owner will drive 12,000 miles per year. Which function best models the linear relationship? y = 12,000x + 40,000 y = 40,000x + 12,000 y = 52,000x + 12,000 y = 12,000x - 40,000
Answer:
y = 12,000x + 40,000
Explanation:
A linear relationship that would model the mileage of the car in this example is:
[tex]y=mx+q[/tex]
where
y is the number of miles
x is the number of years
m is the number of miles driven per year
q is the number of miles already in the car at x=0
In this problem, we have
m = 12,000 (number of miles driven per year)
q = 40,000 (number of miles already in the car at x=0)
So substituting into the equation we get
[tex]y=12,000 x + 40,000[/tex]
What is the best way to support your hypothesis
Answer:
Making a Hypothesis
Explanation:
-Research the subject of your question. Review the literature and find out as much as you can about previous information and discoveries surrounding your question.
-Develop an educated guess that answers your initial question. This is your hypothesis. Make a prediction based on your hypothesis and state it as a cause-effect relationship.
Which of the following is the hottest part of the sun?
Convective zone
Inner core
Photosphere
Radiative zone
Answer:
Inner core
Explanation:
The hottest layer of the sun is its core
The hottest part of the sun in the solar system is the Inner core.
What is sun?Sun can be regarded as one of the star which is found around Earth.
This sun is part of the components of the solar system , and it consists of different layers such as the inner part which is the hottest as well as the radiative zone.
Therefore, the temperature of the inner core of the sun is approximately 27 million degrees F, which made it hotter than Photosphere as well as Convective zone.
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For a positive charge moving in the direction of the electric field,its potential energy increases and its electric potential decreases.its potential energy decreases and its electric potential decreases.its potential energy decreases and its electric potential increases.its potential energy and its electric potential both remain constant.its potential energy increases and its electric potential increases.
Answer:
its potential energy decreases and its electric potential decreases.
Explanation:
Let's consider a radial field for simplicity. We have:
- The electric potential of the field is given by:
[tex]V=\frac{kQ}{r}[/tex]
where
k is the Coulomb's constant
Q is the charge source of the field
r is the distance from Q
We see that the electric potential decreases as we move away from the source. If we consider a positive charge q moving in the direction of the electric field, this charge q will move away from the charge Q (because the field lines generated by the positive particle Q point away from the particle), so the electric potential will decrease.
- The potential energy of the moving charge is given by
[tex]U=qV[/tex]
where q is the magnitude of the charge. As we said previously, V is decreasing while the charge is moving in the direction of the field, so since U is directly proportional to V, U will decrease as well.
every magnetic has ____ unlike poles
Has two unlike poles
2
Take for example the Earth, which has two magnetic poles: one in the north and one in the south.
What is/are responsible for creating variations in climate and weather at different latitudes?
A. Nothing-climate and weather aren't different at different latitudes
B. Microclimates at different latitudes
C. Different levels of sunlight at different latitudes
D. El Niño Southern Oscillation
Answer:
C. Different levels of sunlight at different latitudes
Explanation:
If we take the arrangement of the climate types on Earth, we can easily notice that they are arranged roughly by latitude. The tropical climates are in the lower latitudes, the temperature climates are in the mid-latitudes, while the polar climates are in the high latitudes. The reason for this is that the sunlight doesn't heat every part of the Earth equally. The low latitudes are receiving sunlight at a direct or close to direct angle, thus the sunlight is more concentrated and they are warm.hot all year round. Because of the tilting of the Earth, and because of the rounded shape of it, the sunlight falls at smaller angle in the mid-latitudes, with changes of the angle of fall throughout the year, so there's seasons with drastically different weather conditions. The high latitudes receive sunlight at a very low angle, resulting in dispersal of the sunlight on much greater area, thus heating up the surface very little,. resulting in very cold weather conditions.
A wire carries a 2a current. what is the current in a second wire that delivers twice as much charge in the same amount of time?
Answer:
4A
Explanation:
Current is charge per time. So if the second wire delivers twice as much charge in the same amount of time, it must have twice the current.
2 × 2A = 4A
The current in the second wire that delivers twice as much charge in the same amount of time is 4 amperes (4A).
How to determine the currentCurrent is defined as the rate of flow of electric charge, so if the first wire carries a 2A current, it delivers 2 coulombs of charge per second (1 A = 1 C/s).
To deliver twice as much charge in the same time, the second wire must deliver 4 coulombs of charge per second.
Therefore, its current is 4 amperes (4A) because it delivers 4C of charge per second, which is double the charge delivered by the first wire.
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The top five contributing risk factors to fatal crashes in Texas are: speeding, driving under the influence, failure to control speed, failure to drive in a single lane, and ___________.
Answer:
running and not stopping at traffic lights and stop signs
Explanation:
Stopping the vehicle at traffic lights and stop signs are most important to avid any accidents or collisions. Traffic lights and signs are meant to control the traffic and avoid any collision. It allows and helps to pass the vehicles to drive away safely. But not following the traffic signs and not stopping at the traffic lights can lead to fatal accidents and serious injuries. This is very dangerous and must be avoided.
The top five contributing risk factors to fatal crashes in Texas are: speeding, driving under the influence, failure to control speed, failure to drive in a single lane, and distraction or inattention.
To understand why this is the correct answer, one must consider the common risk factors that contribute to fatal crashes not only in Texas but in many other places as well. The top five contributing risk factors to fatal crashes often include:
1. Speeding: Exceeding the speed limit or driving too fast for conditions is a major contributing factor to fatal crashes. Speeding reduces the driver's ability to react to sudden changes in the road environment and increases the severity of a crash.
2. Driving Under the Influence: Operating a vehicle under the influence of alcohol or drugs impairs a driver's judgment, coordination, and reaction time, leading to a higher risk of accidents, including fatal ones.
3. Failure to Control Speed: This is related to speeding but focuses on the driver's inability to adjust their speed to the traffic, road conditions, or weather, leading to loss of vehicle control and crashes.
4. Failure to Drive in a Single Lane: This risk factor includes behaviors such as weaving in and out of traffic, drifting out of one's lane, or making unsafe lane changes, which can result in head-on collisions or sideswipe accidents.
5. Distraction or Inattention: Distracted driving involves any activity that diverts a driver's attention from the primary task of driving. This includes texting, talking on the phone, eating, drinking, talking to passengers, or any other form of distraction. Inattention can also be due to daydreaming or simply not paying enough attention to the road and surrounding conditions.
These five risk factors are frequently cited in traffic safety reports and studies as the leading causes of fatal crashes. Distraction or inattention is particularly notable because it encompasses a wide range of behaviors that can take a driver's focus away from the task of driving, thus increasing the likelihood of a fatal crash."
A nuclear weapon in which enormous energy is released
A simple pendulum consists of a point mass suspended by a weightless, rigid wire in a uniform gravitation field. Which of the following statements are true when the system undergoes small oscillations?Check all that apply.The period is inversely proportional to the suspended mass.The period is proportional to the square root of the length of the wire.The period is independent of the suspended mass.The period is proportional to the suspended mass.The period is independent of the length of the wire.The period is inversely proportional to the length of the wire.
Answer:
The period is proportional to the square root of the length of the wire.
The period is independent of the suspended mass.
Explanation:
The period of a simple pendulum, in the small angle oscillation approximation, is given by
[tex]T=2\pi \sqrt{\frac{L}{g}}[/tex]
where
L is the length of the pendulum
g is the acceleration due to gravity
From the formula, we notice the following facts:
- The period is proportional to the square root of the length of the wire, L
- The period is independent of the suspended mass, m
So, these are the two correct statements.