Answer:
A
Explanation:
It is formed after the star has ended its star cycle into a supernova. The star collapsed into a neutron star that is smaller than the progenitor star but has inherited angular momentum. IT, therefore, spins faster emitting electromagnetic radiation that seems to pulsate.
Answer:
A) Pulsar
Explanation:
Pulsars are collapsed cores of stars usually supergiant stars
this happens when a supernova leaves behind the star core that has no outer protection layer of high gravity so the core collapses in on itself to create a very high magnitude star and also has trillions more mass.
Write formation reactions for the following. [You must include the states of matter for each atom or compound.] a. Ca(NO3)2 (s), b. CH3OH (l), c. NaClO4 (s)
Answer:
a. Ca(s) + N₂(g) + 3O₂(g) → Ca(NO₃)₂(s).
b. C(s,graphite) + 2H₂(g) + 1/2O₂(g) → CH₃OH(l).
c. 3NaCl(s) + 4O₃(g) → 3NaClO₄(s).
Explanation:
a. The formation reaction of Ca(NO₃)₂(s) is:
Ca(s) + N₂(g) + 3O₂(g) → Ca(NO₃)₂(s).
1.0 mole of solid Ca reacts with 1.0 mole of N₂ gas and 3.0 moles of O₂ gas to produce 1.0 mole of solid Ca(NO₃)₂.b. The formation reaction of CH₃OH(l) is:
C(s,graphite) + 2H₂(g) + 1/2O₂(g) → CH₃OH(l).
1.0 mole of solid C (graphite) reacts with 2.0 mole of H₂ gas and 0.5 mole of O₂ gas to produce 1.0 mole of liquid CH₃OH.c. The formation reaction of NaClO₄(s) is:
3NaCl(s) + 4O₃(g) → 3NaClO₄(s).
3.0 moles of solid NaCl react with 4.0 moles of O₂ gas to produce 3.0 moles of solid NaClO₄.Formation reactions for Ca(NO3)2, CH3OH, and NaClO4 are demonstrated by combining the respective elements in their standard states to form the given compounds.
Explanation:To write the formation reactions for the given substances, we need to express how they are formed from their most stable forms of the elements in their standard states. Here are the formation reactions:
Calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2): A formation reaction for calcium nitrate involves solid calcium, diatomic nitrogen gas, and diatomic oxygen gas combining to form the compound:https://brainly.com/question/28753007
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anyone know how to calculate moles? for chem.
If the atmospheric pressure in the laboratory is 1.2 atm, how many moles of gas were in each syringe?
^ this is my question
Trial 1:
volume for syringe: 4.2 ml
temperature: 0.9 - C
Trial 2:
volume for syringe: 4.1 ml
temperature: 0.9 - C
if you could also explain well I would appreciate it!
Answer:
Trial 1 : n = 0.0002241 moles
Trail 2 : n = 0.0002188 moles
Explanation:
Let's bring out the data in the question;
Pressure (P) = 1.2 atm
Number of moles (n) = ?
Both trials contain different values of Volume (V) and temperature (T)
The equation that relates all four parameters (V, T, P and n) is the ideal gas equation. It is given as;
PV = nRT where R = gas constant = 0.0821 L atm K−1 mol−1
Soving for n, we have;
n = PV / RT
Trial 1
Volume (V) = 4.2 ml = 0.0042 L (Converting to L by dividing by 1000)
Temperature (T) = 0.9 + 273 = 273.9K (Converting to Kelvin temperature)
n = (1.2 * 0.0042) / (0.0821 * 273.9)
n = 0.00504 / 22.48719
n = 0.0002241 moles
Trial 2
Volume (V) = 4.1 ml = 0.0041 L (Converting to L by dividing by 1000)
Temperature (T) = 0.9 + 273 = 273.9K (Converting to Kelvin temperature)
n = (1.2 * 0.0041) / (0.0821 * 273.9)
n = 0.00492 / 22.48719
n = 0.0002188 moles
Pieces of one rock unit contained within another are called
The correct answer is - intrusive rocks.
The intrusion is a process in which the rising magma in the Earth's crust, manages to break through pre-existing layers of rock, and after that cool off, solidify, and create new intrusive igneous rocks. By doing so, the magma is breaking up the layers of rocks, thus the intrusive igneous rocks that are forming from it, come to be inside totally different rock units. The intrusions are always happening inside the crust, and the rocks formed from them are igneous rocks that have large crystals because of the slow cooling off of the magma.
Find the Ka of nitrous acid given that a 0.20 M solution of the acid has a hydrogen ion concentration of 2.8*10-3 M. HNO2 (aq) ? H+ (aq) + NO2- (aq)
Answer:
3.92 x 10⁻⁵.
Explanation:
∵ [H⁺] = √(Ka.c)
∴ Ka = [H⁺]²/c = (2.8 x 10⁻³)²/(0.20) = 3.92 x 10⁻⁵.
to produce 4.00 L of a 250 mM solution of sodium hydroxide, how many grams of naOH must be dissolved?
Answer: [tex]1.56\times 10^{-3}g[/tex]
Explanation:
Molarity of a solution is defined as the number of moles of solute dissolved per Liter of the solution.
[tex]Molarity=\frac{n\times 1000}{V_s}[/tex]
where,
Molarity = 250mM = [tex]250\times 10^{-3}M[/tex]
n= moles of solute
[tex]V_s[/tex] = volume of solution in ml = 4L = 4000 ml
[tex]{\text {moles of solute}}=\frac{\text {given mass}}{\text {molar mass}}=\frac{xg}{40g/mol}=0.025x[/tex]
Now put all the given values in the formula of molarity, we get
[tex]250\times 10^{-3}=\frac{0.025\times x\times 1000}{4000ml}[/tex]
[tex]250\times 10^{-3}=\frac{0.025\times x\times 1000}{4000ml}[/tex]
[tex]x=1.56\times 10^{-3}g[/tex]
Therefore, the [tex]1.56\times 10^{-3}g[/tex] of NaOH must be dissolved.
Question 27 Unsaved
Why is wind energy controversial?
Question 27 options:
1)
Wind energy is nonrenewable.
2)
Wind energy needs fossil fuels.
3)
Wind energy is expensive.
4)
Wind energy can harm migrating birds.
Answer:4)Wind energy can harm migrating birds.
Explanation:
"The correct option is 4) Wind energy can harm migrating birds.
Wind energy is considered controversial for several reasons, one of which is its potential impact on wildlife, particularly migrating birds. Large wind turbines can pose a threat to birds when they collide with the spinning blades, leading to fatalities. This is especially true for bird species that migrate through areas where wind farms are located. The issue has garnered attention from environmentalists and the public, prompting discussions on how to balance the benefits of renewable energy with the protection of wildlife.
Let's consider the other options to understand why they are not the correct answers:
1) Wind energy is nonrenewable: This statement is incorrect because wind energy is indeed a renewable source of energy. It is generated from the kinetic energy of wind, which is abundant and inexhaustible.
2) Wind energy needs fossil fuels: While the manufacturing and maintenance of wind turbines may indirectly involve fossil fuels, wind energy itself is produced without the use of fossil fuels. Therefore, this statement is misleading. Wind energy is valued precisely because it can reduce dependence on fossil fuels and lower greenhouse gas emissions.
3) Wind energy is expensive: The cost of wind energy has decreased significantly over the years, making it one of the most cost-effective sources of renewable energy. Although the initial investment in wind farms can be high, the operational costs are relatively low, and the technology continues to improve, further reducing costs. Thus, this statement does not accurately reflect the current status of wind energy economics.
In conclusion, the most accurate answer to why wind energy is controversial is due to its potential negative impact on migrating birds, which aligns with option 4.
All faculty members are happy to see students help each other. Dumbledore is particularly pleased with Hermione. Though, it should be mentioned that students should not simply copy off each other. You will not learn anything that way. Snape glares at Ron... Ron slouches in his chair. Snape thinks it’s time for a harder problem. How many milligrams of magnesium reacts with excess HCl to produce 31.2 mL of hydrogen gas at 754 Torr and 25.0◦C. The hydrogen is produced by the following reaction: Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + H2(g) Express your answer in milligrams
Answer:
[tex]m_{Mg}=30.8mgMg[/tex]
Explanation:
Hello,
Based on the given chemical reaction, as 31.2 mL of hydrogen are yielded, one computes its moles via the ideal gas equation under the stated conditions as shown below:
[tex]n_{H_2}=\frac{PV}{RT}=\frac{754torr*\frac{1atm}{760torr}*0.0312L}{0.082 \frac{atm*L}{mol*K}*298.15K}=1.27x10^{-3}molH_2[/tex]
Now, since the relationship between hydrogen and magnesium is 1 to 1, one computes its milligrams by following the shown below proportional factor development:
[tex]m_{Mg}=1.27x10^{-3}molH_2*\frac{1molMg}{1molH_2}*\frac{24.305gMg}{1molMg}*\frac{1000mgMg}{1gMg}\\m_{Mg}=30.8mgMg[/tex]
Best regards.
Write equations for the reaction of 1 mol of Barium Hydroxide with 2 Moles of hydrochloric acid
Answer:
Ba(OH)₂(aq) + 2HCl(aq) → BaCl₂(aq) + 2H₂O(l).
Explanation:
1 mol of Barium Hydroxide with 2 moles of hydrochloric acid to produce 1 mol of barium chloride and 2 moles of water according to the equation:
Ba(OH)₂(aq) + 2HCl(aq) → BaCl₂(aq) + 2H₂O(l).
The equation for the reaction of 1 mole of Barium Hydroxide with 2 moles of hydrochloric acid is Ba(OH)2 (aq) + 2HCl(aq) → BaCl2(aq) + 2H₂O(l), representing a neutralization reaction.
Explanation:The question is asking for the equations for the reaction of 1 mol of Barium Hydroxide (Ba(OH)2) with 2 moles of hydrochloric acid (HCl). This is a type of chemical reaction called a neutralization reaction, where an acid and a base react to form water and a salt.
The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is: Ba(OH)2 (aq) + 2HCl(aq) → BaCl2(aq) + 2H₂O(l).
This indicates that one molecule of barium hydroxide reacts with two molecules of hydrochloric acid to produce one molecule of barium chloride and two molecules of water.
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Which central atom hybridization would you expect in the series bh−4, ch4, nh+4?
Expected:
sp³ in all three molecules.
ExplanationThe hybridization of the central atom is related to the number of electron domains around that atom.
[tex]\begin{array}{c|c|c}\textbf{Number of Electron Domains} & \textbf{Hybridization}&\textbf{Example}\\ 2 & \text{sp} & \text{C as in CO}_2\\ 3 & \text{sp}^{2} & \text{C in H}_2\text{C}=\text{CH}_2\\ 4 &\text{sp}^{3} & \text{C as in CH}_4\end{array}[/tex].
What is an electron domain?
An atom bonded to the central atom counts as one electron domain. That atom counts as one electron domain regardless of the bond order. One single bond counts as one electron domain. One double bond counts as one electron domain. One triple bond counts as one electron domain.A lone pair of electrons count as one electron domain.How many electron domains in BH₄⁻, CH₄, and NH₄⁺?
BH₄⁻: Four H atoms are bonded to the central B atom. That ensures an octet for the central B atom. No lone pairs are needed. Four electron domains from the four bonded atoms. sp³ hybridization.CH₄: Four electrons domains with four H atoms and no lone pair. sp³ hybridization.NH₄⁺: Four electrons with four H atoms and no lone pair. sp³ hybridization.____________ are compounds that contain a carbon-carbon triple bond.
Answer:
Alkynes are compounds that contain a carbon-carbon triple bond.Explanation:
The simplest organic compounds are formed excluseively by carbon and hydrogen. They are named hydrocarbons.There are 3 main types of hydrocarbons, namely alkanes, alkenes and alkynes.Alkanes posses only single bonds and have general formula Cₙ H₂ₙ ₊ ₂. E.g.: CH₃ - CH₃ (ethane).Alkenes have one or more double bonds between pairs of carbon atoms. E.g.: CH₃ - CH = CH₂ (propene).Alkynes contain one or more triple bonds between pairs of carbon atoms. E.g.: CH ≡ CH (ethyne or acethylene).Both alkenes and alkynes are named unsaturated hydrocarbons, because they have less hydrogen atoms than they could (if they only hade single bonds), while alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons.Which of these best matches a planet in the solar system with its characteristic?
Venus → has a giant red spot
Mars → has rings which extend outwards
Neptune → surface contains red iron oxide
Uranus → rotates almost completely on its side
Uranus. Its axis is tilted to almost 90 degrees.
Answer:
Uranus → rotates almost completely on its side
Explanation:
There are 8 planets in the solar system. Each has unique characteristics.
Jupiter is the largest planet of the solar system. It has a giant red spot which is a huge storm in its atmosphere that is visible from Earth.
Saturn is famous for beautiful visible ring system.
Mars appears red dot wandering in the sky. It appears red because its surface contains red iron oxide.
Venus is the hottest planet because it has thick atmosphere which traps the sunlight.
Neptune and Uranus are blue in color because of the presence of methane in their atmosphere.
Uranus rotates on its side because its axis is tilted to about 98 degrees.
HELP!!!
A solution at 25 degrees Celsius is 1.0 × 10–5 M H3O+. What is the concentration of OH– in this solution?
1.0 × 10–5 M OH–
1.0 × 10–14 M OH–
1.0 × 105 M OH–
1.0 × 10–9 M OH–
Answer:
[OH⁻] = 1.0 x 10⁻⁹ M.
Explanation:
∵ [H₃O⁺][OH⁻] = 10⁻¹⁴.
∴ [OH⁻] = 10⁻¹⁴/[H₃O⁺] = 10⁻¹⁴/(1.0 x 10⁻⁵) = 1.0 x 10⁻⁹ M.
At constant temperature and pressure, 2.05 g of oxygen gas O2 is added to a 1.0 L balloon containing 1.00 g of O2. What is the new volume of the balloon?
Answer:
1.50 L.
Explanation:
From the general gas law:PV = nRT,
Where, P is the pressure if the gas,
V is the volume if the gas container,
n is the no. of gas moles,
R is the general gas constant,
T is the temperature of the gas.
At constant P and T:n₁V₂ = n₂V₁.
V₁ = 1.0 L, V₂ = ??? L.
n₁ = mass/molar mass = (2.05 g)/(32.0 g/mol) = 0.064 mol.
n₂ is the no. of moles of the total gas (2.05 g + 1.0 g).n₂ = n₁ + (1.00 g)/(32.0 g/mol) = 0.0953 mol.
∴ V₂ = n₂V₁/n₁ = (0.0953 mol)(1.0 L)/(0.064 mol) = 1.489 L ≅ 1.50 L.
Calculate the ph of a solution containing 0.75 m lactic acid and 0.25 m sodium lactate. recalculate after the addition of 0.05ml of hcl
pH= pKa+log[A-]/[HA]
pKa=-log(Ka)
-log(1.4/10^-4) (the Ka of lactic acid)
pKa=3.85
pH=3.85+log (0.25/.75)
pH=3.37
HCl is an acid, so the 0.05M HCl is added to the acid and subtracted from the base
pH= 3.85+ log(0.24/0.76)
pH=3.35 after addition of HCl
Which solution is a buffer? • 0.100 m hno2 and 0.100 m hcl • 0.100 m hno3 and 0.100 m nano3 • 0.100 m hno2 and 0.100 m nacl • 0.100 m hno2 and 0.100 m nano2?
Why might a scientist repeat an experiment if he/she did not make a mistake in the first one? An experiment should be repeated to_________
ensure contant results
When 21.45 g of KNO3 was dissolved in water in a calorimeter, the temperature fell from 25.00°C to 14.14 °C. If the heat capacity is 0.505KJ/°C, what will be the delta H for the solution process.
25.9 kJ/mol. (3 sig. fig. as in the heat capacity.)
ExplanationThe process:
[tex]\text{KNO}_3\;(s) \to \text{KNO}_3\;(aq)[/tex].
How many moles of this process?
Relative atomic mass from a modern periodic table:
K: 39.098;N: 14.007;O: 15.999.Molar mass of [tex]\text{KNO}_3[/tex]:
[tex]M(\text{KNO}_3) = 39.098 + 14.007 + 3\times 15.999 = 101.102\;\text{g}\cdot\text{mol}^{-1}[/tex].
Number of moles of the process = Number of moles of [tex]\text{KNO}_3[/tex] dissolved:
[tex]\displaystyle n = \frac{m}{M} = \frac{21.45}{101.102} = 0.212162\;\text{mol}[/tex].
What's the enthalpy change of this process?
[tex]Q = C\cdot \Delta T = 0.505 \times (25.00 - 14.14) = 5.4843\;\text{kJ}[/tex] for [tex]0.212162\;\text{mol}[/tex]. By convention, the enthalpy change [tex]\Delta H[/tex] measures the energy change for each mole of a process.
[tex]\displaystyle \Delta H = \frac{Q}{n} = \frac{5.4843\text{kJ}}{0.212162\;\text{mol}} = 25.8\;\text{kJ}\cdot\text{mol}^{-1}[/tex].
The heat capacity is the least accurate number in these calculation. It comes with three significant figures. As a result, round the final result to three significant figures. However, make sure you keep at least one additional figure to minimize the risk of rounding errors during the calculation.
To calculate the change in enthalpy for the solution process of KNO3, first find the heat transferred, q, through the formula q = m * C * ΔT. Then, calculate ΔH by dividing the heat transferred by the quantity of substance (in moles) involved, obtained from the given mass and the molar mass of KNO3.
Explanation:To calculate the change in enthalpy (ΔH) in the solution process of KNO3, you first need to figure out the amount of heat transferred during the process. This is done by using the formula: q = m * C * ΔT. In this case, the heat lost to the surrounding (q) equals the mass (m), which here is 21.45 g, times the specific heat capacity (C), which is given as 0.505 KJ/°C, times the change in temperature (ΔT), which is 25.00°C - 14.14°C.
After calculating q, ΔH can be calculated by taking into account the quantity of substance involved, which is the molar mass of KNO3. ΔH is reported in KJ/mol, so to get to ΔH, you'd find the molar mass of KNO3 (101.1 g/mol), figure out how many moles 21.45g represents, and then report the heat per mole. Therefore, the actual ΔH would depend on the specific values you use in these calculations.
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[Standard Enthalpy Formation]
Remember to show work and explain.
1. Use the equation below to determine the amount of energy released when 78.0g Of H2S react with excess SO2.
2. How many grams of 2AgNO3 are needed to react to produce 567kJ of energy in the following reaction?
Answer:
1. 65.1 kJ; 2. 558 g
Step-by-step explanation:
1.
M_r: 34.08
2H₂S+ SO₂ ⟶ 3S + 2H₂O ; ΔH = -56.9 kJ
Treat the heat as if it were a product in the equation. Then use the molar ratio (56.9 kJ/2 mol H₂S) in the usual way.
Moles of H₂S = 78.0 g H₂S × (1 mol H₂S/34.08 g H₂S) = 2.289 mol H₂S
Amount of heat = 2.289 mol H₂S × (56.9 kJ/2 mol H₂S) = 65.1 kJ
The reaction releases 65.1 kJ of energy.
2.
M_r: 169.87
2AgNO₃ + BaCl₂ ⟶ 2AgCl + Ba(NO₃)₂; ΔH = -345 kJ
Moles of AgNO₃ = 567 kJ × (2 mol AgNO₃/345 kJ = 3.287 mol AgNO₃
Mass of AgNO₃ = 3.287 mol AgNO₃ × (169.87 g AgNO₃/1 mol AgNO₃)
= 558 g AgNO₃
You need 558 g of AgNO₃.
A solution at 25 degrees Celsius is 1.0 × 10–5 M H3O+. What is the concentration of OH– in this solution? 1.0 × 10–5 M OH– 1.0 × 10–14 M OH– 1.0 × 105 M OH– 1.0 × 10–9 M OH–
Answer:
1.0 x 10⁻⁹ M OH⁻.
Explanation:
∵ [H₃O⁺][OH⁻] = 10⁻¹⁴.
[H₃O⁺] = 1.0 x 10⁻⁵ M.
∴ [OH⁻] = 10⁻¹⁴/[H₃O⁺] = 10⁻¹⁴/(1.0 x 10⁻⁵ M) = 1.0 x 10⁻⁹ M.
So, the right choice is: 1.0 x 10⁻⁹ M OH⁻.
Answer:
1.0 x 10-9M OH-
Explanation:
I just took the test and this was correct
A sample of neon gas at 1.20 atm compresses from 0.250 l to 0.125 l. if the temperature remains constant, what is the final pressure
2.4 atm
Explanation;At constant temperature;
PV = constant
P1 = 1.2 atm
V1 = 0.25 L
P2 = ?
V2 = 0.125 L
But;
P1*V1 = P2*V2
Thus;
P2 = P1*V1/V2
= (1.2 atm)(0.25 L)/(0.125 L)
= 2.4 atm
The final pressure of the neon gas after it has compressed from 0.250 L to 0.125 L at a constant temperature based on Boyle's law is 2.40 atm.
Explanation:This question can be answered using Boyle's law which states that the pressure and volume of a gas at a constant temperature are inversely proportional. Therefore if the volume of the neon gas is halved from 0.250 L to 0.125 L at a constant temperature, then the pressure should double from its original value of 1.20 atm. As a result
the final pressure is 2.40 atm.
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Answering questions by analyzing specific observations and using them to come to a more general understanding is known as __________
inductive reasoning
empiricism
skepticism
deductive reasoning
The correct answer would be inductive reasoning.
Primavera?
Answer: inductive reasoning
Explanation:
We know that inductive reasoning starts with a series of observation and use it to frame a theory or a particular conclusion by inspecting the related topics.
Therefore, Answering questions by analyzing specific observations and using them to come to a more general understanding is known as inductive reasoning.
Which of the following is the correct name for N2O3?
nitric oxide
nitrous oxide
nitrogen oxide
dinitrogen trioxide
Answer: Option (d) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
The given compound is [tex]N_{2}O_{3}[/tex]. It contains two nitrogen atoms and three oxygen atoms.
Therefore, according to naming nomenclature "di" will be added before the name of nitrogen. Whereas a prefix "tri" will be added before the name of oxygen atom.
Hence, name of the compound [tex]N_{2}O_{3}[/tex] is dinitrogen trioxide.
The correct name for N2O3 is dinitrogen trioxide. This is demonstrated by the di- prefix in dinitrogen indicating two nitrogen atoms, and the tri- prefix in trioxide indicating three oxygen atoms. The correct name for N2O3 is dinitrogen trioxide. Nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N2O) are different compounds.
Explanation:The correct name for the chemical compound with the formula N2O3 is dinitrogen trioxide.
this can be broken down as follows: the prefix 'di-' in dinitrogen indicates that there are two nitrogen atoms, and the prefix 'tri-' in trioxide indicates there are three oxygen atoms. Therefore, the formula correctly matches the name since there are two Nitrogen atoms and three Oxygen atoms.
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What is the rate law for step 1 of this reaction? express your answer in standard masteringchemistry notation. for example, if the rate law is k[a][c]3 type k*[a]*[c]^3?
Answer:
rate = k*[A]^3
Explanation:
The following information is missing in the question:
Consider the following elementary steps that make up the mechanism of a certain reaction
1. 3A -> B+C
2. B+2D -> C+F
In elementary reactions, the order of each reactant in the rate law is equal to the coefficient in the balanced equation. Therefore, for the first step:
rate = k*[A]^3
The rate law for step 1 of the reaction is rate = k[CH3CH₂Cl]. The rate law is consistent with the experimentally derived rate law for the overall reaction. The rate constant (k) is 1.6 × 10^-6 s^-1.
Explanation:The rate law for step 1 of this reaction can be determined by comparing experiments and observing how changing the concentration of reactants affects the rate. Comparing experiments 2 and 3 shows that doubling the concentration of [CH3CH₂Cl] doubles the reaction rate. Similarly, comparing experiments 1 and 4 shows that quadrupling the concentration quadruples the reaction rate. This behavior indicates that the reaction rate is directly proportional to [CH3CH₂Cl].
Based on this information, the rate law for step 1 is rate = k[CH3CH₂Cl]. Thus, the rate law for step 1 is consistent with the experimentally derived rate law for the overall reaction, which is rate = k[CH3CH₂Cl].
The rate constant (k) can be calculated using any row in the table. Selecting Experiment 1, we can set up an equation to solve for k:
1.60 × 10^-8 M/s = k(0.010 M)
k = 1.6 × 10^-6 s^-1
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Three different human cells are shown below a)skin cell b)bone cell c) muscle cell which process occurs in all of these cells 1)metamorphosis 2)locomotion 3) reproduction 4)photosynthesis
its definitely not photosynthesis!
its probably metamorphosis but i could be wrong
The cell is the smallest unit of an organism. It is the first stage in the organization of life.
What is a cell?The cell is the smallest unit of an organism. The cell stands at the basic unit of life. It is the first stage in the organization of life.
The processes which occurs in the cells are;
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Calculate the enthalpy change for the reaction Mn3O4(s)+CO(g)⟶3MnO(s)+CO2(g) from the following:
Mn3O4(s)+4CO(g)⟶3Mn(s)+4CO2(g) ΔH=255.6kJ
MnO(s)+CO(g)⟶Mn(s)+CO2(g) ΔH=102.1kJ
Express your answer using one decimal place and include the appropriate units.
Answer:
- 50.7 kJ.
Explanation:
To get the enthalpy change for the reaction:Mn₃O₄(s) + CO(g) ⟶ 3MnO(s) + CO₂(g).
We must orient the given reactions in a way that its sum give the required reaction.The first reaction be as it is:
Mn₃O₄(s) + 4CO(g) ⟶ 3Mn(s) + 4CO₂(g), ΔH₁ = 255.6 kJ.
The second reaction should be reversed and multiplied by 3 and also the value of its ΔH must multiplied by (- 3):
3Mn(s) + 3CO₂(g) ⟶ 3MnO(s) + 3CO(g), ΔH₂ = (- 3)(102.1 kJ) = - 306.3 kJ.
By summing the two reactions after the modification, we get the required reaction:Mn₃O₄(s) + CO(g) ⟶ 3MnO(s) + CO₂(g).
∴ ΔH rxn = ΔH₁ + ΔH₂ = (255.6 kJ) + (- 306.3 kJ) = - 50.7 kJ.
Rank the following elements by effective nuclear charge, Zeff, for a valence electron. F LI Be B N
F > N > B > Be > Li. This ranking is based on the decreasing effective nuclear charge (Zeff) experienced by a valence electron in the listed elements.
The element lithium (Li) has the lowest effective nuclear charge. One valence electron is 2s orbital. The nucleus has three protons (atomic number 3), however the inner electrons in the[tex]1s^2[/tex] orbital shield the valence electron, reducing its effective charge.
The Beryllium (Be) follows. The 2s orbital has two valence electrons. Despite having a higher atomic number (4) than lithium, the presence of two inner electrons in the [tex]1s^2[/tex] orbital provides more shielding and a somewhat higher effective nuclear charge.
Boron (B): Three valence electrons in the [tex]2s^2 2p^1[/tex]configuration. Boron's nucleus has more protons (atomic number 5), making it more positive. Compared to beryllium, the [tex]2p^1[/tex] electron provides less shielding for the valence electron, but the [tex]1s^2[/tex] electrons still protect the [tex]2s^2[/tex] electrons.
Nitrogen has a higher effective nuclear charge than boron. One additional proton (atomic number 7) in its nucleus boosts its positive charge. The presence of three [tex]2p^2[/tex] electrons reduces the shielding effect on the valence electron, enhancing its nucleus attraction.
Fluorine (F) has the highest effective nuclear charge. Nine protons make its nucleus extremely positively charged. Seven [tex]2p^5[/tex] electrons reduce shielding and attract the valence electron to the nucleus, resulting in the highest effective nuclear charge. Therefore, F > N > B > Be > Li is the decreasing order.
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The effective nuclear charge (Zeff) typically increases from left to right across a period in the periodic table. Therefore, for the elements F, Li, Be, B, and N, the rank order by Zeff, from lowest to highest, would be: Li < Be < B < N < F.
Explanation:The concept being asked here involves effective nuclear charge (Zeff), which highly depends on position in the periodic table. Generally, Zeff increases from left to right across a period. So, for a valence (outermost) electron in the elements you provided: F, Li, Be, B, and N, we would expect this trend to hold. The effective nuclear charge can be thought of as the net positive charge experienced by an electron in an atom. Inner electrons shield outer electrons from the full charge of the nucleus, leading to this effective reduction in charge.
Thus, using that knowledge, we can rank these elements as follows: Li < Be < B < N < F. This order means that Fluorine (F), being the furthest right on the periodic table, has the highest effective nuclear charge. The atomic nucleus of Fluorine exerts a stronger pull on its valence electron relative to the other elements that have been listed.
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Calculate the kinetic energy in j of an electron moving at 6.00 × 106 m/s. The mass of an electron is 9.11 × 10-28 g.
Answer:
The kinetic energy in J of an electron moving at 6.00 × 10⁻⁶ m/s is:1.64 × 10 ⁻³⁸ J
Explanation:
1) Data:
a) KE =?
b) v = 6.00 × 10⁻⁶ m/s.
c) m = 9.11 × 10⁻²⁸ g.
2) Formula:
KE = (1/2) mv²3) Solution:
KE = (1/2) = (1/2) × 9.11 × 10⁻²⁸ g × ( 6.00 × 10⁻⁶ m/s)² = 163.98 × 10 ⁻⁴⁰ J KE = 1.64 × 10 ⁻³⁸ JAnswer: The kinetic energy of the electron is [tex]1.64\times 10^{-17}J[/tex]
Explanation:
To calculate the kinetic energy of the electron, we use the equation:
[tex]E=\frac{1}{2}mv^2[/tex]
where,
m = mass of the electron = [tex]9.11\times 10^{-28}g=9.11\times 10^{-31}kg[/tex] (Conversion factor: 1 kg = 1000 g)
v = speed of the electron = [tex]6.00\times 10^6m/s[/tex]
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]E=\frac{1}{2}\times 9.11\times 10^{-31}kg\times (6.00\times 10^6m/s)^2\\\\E=1.64\times 10^{-17}J[/tex]
Hence, the kinetic energy of the electron is [tex]1.64\times 10^{-17}J[/tex]
an unknown element is a solid at room temperature, is highly conductive, and is easily hammered into thin sheets. it is most likely a:
A. Metal
B. Non-metal
C. Metalloid
A. Metal
Metals are very conductive, malleable, and almost all of them are solid at room temperature.
How does the kinetic molecular theory explain the pressure exerted by gases
Answer:
The kinetic molecular theory explains the pressure exerted by gases as the result of many collissions of the gas particles (atoms or molecules) with the walls of the vessel where they are contained.The pressure is the perpendicular force per unit area exerted by the gas particles when they hit the walls of the container.Explanation:
As per the kinetic molecular theory, gases consist on a large number of tiny particles (atoms or molecules) in continuous rapid random motion.
The particles are so small that they are considered to have a negligible volume compared with the volume of the vessel where they are confined.
Since the number of molecules is so large, statistical approach can be applied.
The rapidly moving particles constantly collide among them and with the walls of the container. The collisions are considered elastic, which means that there is no loss of energy after the coliisions.
Applying classical (Newtonian) mechanic and the statistical approach, the kinetic theory calculates the pressure exerted by gases as the force exerted by the particles when they hit the walls of the container per unit of area.
The kinetic molecular theory explains that gases exert pressure through the constant random motion and collision of their molecules with each other and their container. The pressure is directly dependent on the number of collisions per unit time. At higher pressures, attraction between molecules slightly decreases the pressure.
Explanation:The kinetic molecular theory provides a detailed explanation of how gases exert pressure. The theory asserts that gases are composed of a large number of widely separated, small molecules that are in constant random motion. These molecules are in continuous elastic collision with one another and the walls of their container.
Gas pressure is directly dependent on the number of gas molecules hitting a unit area of the container wall per unit of time. This can be visually conceptualized by imagining the molecules of a gas as numerous tiny balls bouncing off the container walls. Each collision exerts a small pressure on the wall, and the collective pressure of countless collisions creates the pressure we can measure.
According to Graham's law, these molecules move past each other easily and diffuse at relatively fast rates due to their small size and the large average distance between them. At higher pressures the force of attraction between molecules becomes significant pulling the molecules closer together and slightly decreasing the pressure or volume.
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