What type of law punishes people for doing something that was once legal but is now illegal?

Answers

Answer 1
It should be an ex post facto law.

Related Questions

According to the global leadership and organizational behavior effectiveness​ study, which dimension refers to how much a society relies on social norms to alleviate the unpredictable nature of future​ occurrences

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This is uncertainty avoidance. Within this dimension, a society or country tries to do all it can to make sure that the future is as easily-understood as possible. By using social norms, sanctions, and rewards, countries in each cluster of the GLOBE study can be understood about how they see these social rules in similar fashions.

_____ is a belief of adolescents that they are or will be the focus of attention in social situations and that others will be as critical or approving as they are of themselves

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Imaginary Audience A belief of adolescents that they are or will be the focus of attention in social situations and that others will be as critical or approving as they are of themselves.

Which of the following is true about responsibility in the U.S. Court system? Federal courts handle most appeals from the state courts of last resort, whereas the state courts address most crimes and civil cases. Federal courts handle constitutional law, but only the state courts can make new laws based on their interpretations. Federal courts handle local trial courts and most cases, though the state courts have authority to select certain cases to hear. Federal courts handle appeals from the state district courts, and state district courts handle appeals from federal courts as a check on the power of the courts.

Answers

Hello There!

The correct answer is Federal courts handle most appeals from the state courts of last resort, whereas the state courts address most crimes and civil cases.

Hope This Helps You!
Good Luck :)

Answer:

Federal courts handle most appeals from the state courts of last resort, whereas the state courts address most crimes and civil cases.

Explanation:

The highest count in the United States is the Supreme court. It was created under Article III of the Constitution of the United States. Under the U.S. Supreme Court lies the thirteen appellate courts which are known as the U.S. Courts of Appeal. One of the important tasks of the Appellate courts is to have an eye on the correct execution of the law and order by the trial courts.

True or false? you do not have to cite your source if you rewrite the sentence in your own words.

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False. You're paraphrasing so you still need to cite.

Answer:

The answer to the statement: you do not have to cite your source if you rewrite the sentence in your own words, would be: false.

Explanation:

The reason for this being the answer is that, even when you are rewriting the words from a source, which is called paraphrasing, you are still using the original ideas from someone else, not your own. Even if you are using your words to communicate those ideas, the original ideas are not yours, you are borrowing them, and therefore, you must always cite your source when you are paraphrasing, just as when you are borrowing some words, or a full sentence.

What is the Digital Divide

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the digital divide is the gulf between those who have ready access to computers and the Internet, and those who do not.
it is the division between those who have access to technology and internet and those who dont.

What is cognitive bias and how to you eliminate it? does your company have a way to reduce cognitive bias?

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Cognitive biases may lead you to draw conclusions based, not on evidence, but on a particular predisposition of your mind. Well, the good news is that just being aware of your biases is the first step. Giving some of these factors a name – such as 'expectancy bias' – can alert you to their potential impact.
Final answer:

Cognitive bias refers to irrational errors in reasoning that result from holding onto one's perceptions. While completely eliminating cognitive bias isn't possible, their impacts can be mitigated by developing good habits of mind including practicing critical reflection and metacognition.

Explanation:

Cognitive bias refers to the irrational errors in reasoning we sometimes make, often as a result of holding onto one's perceptions regardless of contrary information. These biases can lead individuals astray and are closely linked to informal fallacies. Any individual, including students, can fall into these traps of thought.

Eradicating cognitive bias entirely isn't feasible as they are integral aspects of human cognition. However, we can certainly mitigate their impacts by developing good habits of mind. This can involve practicing critical reflection and metacognition, both of which can lead to improved rational thinking and decision-making.

For instance, let's imagine a scenario in which I made a decision based on the confirmation bias. This bias led me to only consider information that supported my existing beliefs, resulting in an irrational decision. With the benefit of time and distance, I would have incorporated diverse perspectives and data, leading to a more rational decision. The consequences of a different behavior might have included a more accurate understanding of the situation and possibly, a more fruitful result.

Reflection upon this hypothetical situation underscores the necessity of critical thinking and open-mindedness. These traits can assist in mitigating the impacts of cognitive biases, leading to more rational and logical decision-making.

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According to george herbert mead, what determines a person's personality?

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Final answer:

George Herbert Mead believed that a person's personality is shaped through social interactions and experiences. His theory, known as the Social self theory, considers the 'self' as having two components: the 'I' and 'me'. The balancing of these aspects through social experiences determines an individual's personality.

Explanation:

According to George Herbert Mead, a person's personality is largely determined by their social interactions and experiences -- especially through symbolic interaction in society. His theory, often known as the Social self theory, posits that one's personality is not intrinsically established, but rather developed and molded through societal exchanges over time.

A significant aspect of Mead's theory is the concept of the 'self', which is composed of the 'I' and 'me'. The 'I' represents the individual and unpredictable aspect of the personality, while the 'me' signifies the social and predictable part formed by societal expectations. How a person balances these elements through their social experiences, ultimately determines their personality.

Mead's approach to personality is a dominant perspective in sociology, and underscores the significant role society and social interaction play in shaping personality.

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A number of states have experimented with what type of intervention to replace juvenile court jurisdiction over most status offenses?

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the answer to this question is:  Community-based treatment programs
 Community-based treatment programs Refers to a model that integrates the type of offense with the current situation within the societies.
This programs are created in order to determine the type of treatment that will be most suitable at that time and will meet the client's needs

For democracy to take hold in the modern world, people had to take responsibility for ruling themselves. the belief in individual potential and the importance of creative effort that emerged during the

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For democracy to take hold in the modern world, people had to take responsibility for ruling themselves. The believe in individual potentialand the importance of creative effort that emerged during the RENAISSANCE helped make this possible.

Notice the areas where land existed in 18000 bc. what effects might the existence of more land by 18000 bc. have had on hominids

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Human life depends on a set amount of land for subsistence. Land provides food in the form of plants, animals, and water, shelter, air and nutrients. If the existence of additional land occurs, the following may also occur: the population of life forms may also increase if the environment and climate accommodate this. There may be less competition for food and shelter if more land is available to the current population. With less competition, the focus can be opened up to additional activities such as music, art, trade, and the development of cooperating communities. Additional land that is life-supporting may directly affect the speed of civilization developments.

He __________ has grown into a nonprofit think tank that helps courts and criminal justice agencies aid victims, reduce crime, and improve public trust in justice.

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It is the Center for Court Innovation. The Center for Court Innovation is an American non-benefit association headquartered in New York which enables the equity framework to help casualties, lessen wrongdoing and enhance open trust in equity. 
It works intimately with the New York State Unified Court System, working as the legal autonomous innovative work arm. In that part, the Center makes exhibit extends that test new thoughts.

The National Centre for State Courts has developed into a non-profit organization helping to reform the criminal justice system, with groups like The Sentencing Project advocating for fair practices and alternatives to incarceration. Reforms across the globe and in the US, such as in Texas, aim at reducing incarceration rates, focusing on rehabilitation, and reallocating resources towards community services.

The National Centre for State Courts (NCSC) has evolved into a non-profit think tank dedicated to assisting courts and criminal justice agencies in supporting victims, reducing crime, and enhancing public trust in the justice system. The Sentencing Project is one such advocacy group that has substantially influenced criminal justice reform, advocating for fair sentencing laws and alternatives to incarceration since its inception in 1986.

Global attention to criminal justice practices has soared as international organizations, like the Coalition for the International Criminal Court, work to implement norms for human rights and hold individuals accountable for international crimes. Similarly, regions like Texas have implemented reform measures, focusing on reducing mass incarceration and reallocating funds towards community corrections, social services, and rehabilitation programs. Such reforms are designed to address systematic flaws and reduce repeat offending.

Overall, the criminal justice system is undergoing significant changes, with an increasing number of alternatives to incarceration, such as drug treatment programs, progressive bail reforms, and community supervision options. These innovative strategies are primarily aimed at reducing prison populations and redirecting financial resources to rehabilitative services that promise a lower recidivism rate.

The Han Dynasty of China contributed which invention to society that is still used today? A) paper B) stirrups C) steel plow D) typewriter

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 the answer to this question is...
 A
) paper
they contributed to paper that is still used today all over the world

What is the meaning of an eye for an eye makes the whole world blind?

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the meaning is that if someone does something bad to you that you shouldnt do something bad back because then it just makes you as bad as them and you are no better, so when they say an eye for an eye makes the whole world blind it means that you are no better than the person that did you wrong and that revenge is not the answer.
Final answer:

The phrase "an eye for an eye makes the whole world blind" highlights the destructive cycle of retaliation and advocates for non-violent solutions to conflict, challenging the ancient principle of exact retribution by emphasizing the importance of breaking the cycle of violence for societal harmony.

Explanation:

The phrase "an eye for an eye makes the whole world blind" suggests that if everyone were to retaliate against wrongs done to them with equivalent harm, it would lead to endless cycles of retribution, ultimately harming everyone and solving nothing. This concept, famously quoted by Mahatma Gandhi, emphasizes the idea that justice systems and societies should seek alternatives to retaliation and violence. The historical context of this phrase originates from ancient laws intended to limit retribution and establish a fair system of justice, where a wrongdoer could not be punished more severely than the initial harm they caused. However, Gandhi's interpretation urges us to recognize the futility and counterproductive nature of revenge, advocating for peace, forgiveness, and understanding as means to resolve conflicts and prevent cycles of violence from escalating.

The biblical law of "an eye for an eye", while initially aimed at preventing excessive retribution, has been widely misunderstood. In practice, this law also allowed for monetary compensation to avoid physical harm, emphasizing fairness and restraint rather than promoting violence. Gandhi's statement brings a modern perspective to this ancient principle, stressing the importance of breaking the chain of retaliation to achieve true justice and societal harmony

How does the importance of peer relationships change during emotional development?

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The importance of peer relationships helps to form the basis of a young adults first identity as they progress through their formative teenage years. Before emotional development has the opportunity to begin making biological changes in teenagers they are much less ruled by the social perspectives of their peers and much more guided by their parents social perspective. As emotional development deepens into a more acute emotional awareness peer relationships deepen causing teenagers to value their peers thoughts and actions in a new light.

An illness that interferes with a person's ability to accurately receive a message is an example of ________ noise.

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The answer to this question is: Physiological noise
Physiological noise refers to the things that could become a distraction during a communication process that is caused by our physical condition.
Another example of a physiological noise would be if someone's eardrum is damaged so he/she can't hear properly

The word "democracy" can be found throughout the Declaration of Independence true or false?

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This is incorrect. There is no mention of democracy anywhere in the declaration of independence. The ideas of democracy are implied because explanations about life and liberty are democratic as well as the unalienable human rights part. The declaration is more about getting away from the tyrannical king than it is about establishing democratic principles. That's what the constitution was for.

How did zeno’s paradox illuminate the need for something more in the greek number system?

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In response to this criticism, Zeno did something that may sound ... but which had a profound impact on Greek philosophy that is felt to ... collection must contain some definite number of things, neither more ... He might have had the intuition that an infinite sum of finite ... (In Cauchy'ssystem

why do some people prefer to use the dating system B.C.E and CE instead of dionysius system of B.C and A.D

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people would prefer BCE and CE because they are terms that work for multiple religions and aren't based on Christianity, whereas BC and AD are Christian terms

At what voltage level did the majority of subjects stop “shocks” to the learner in milgram's classic experiment?

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The maximum level mentioned or 450 volts. The results of the Milgram experiment were rather surprising. Before Dr Milgram performed the experiment, he conducted an poll of fourteen senior-year psychology majors about how far the "teachers" would go during the experiment, the ones polled believed that only a few would use the maximum voltage (0 to 3, average of 1.6). An informal poll of his colleagues also indicated that very few would go all the way. Then he polled 40 psychiatrists from a medical school. And they believed that most subjects would quit by the 10th shock, less than 4% would give the 300 volt shock, and slightly over 0.1% would give the full 450 volt shock. But when Milgram actually performed the experiment, 26 out of 40 teachers (65%) gave the learner the full 450 volt shock.

Philosophy is not considered science because it lacks _____.reasonlogicexperimentationwriting

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Philosophy is not considered a science because it doesn't use empirical measurements instead uses logical analysis and conceptual clarification. Also, a philosophy once established is not subjected to readjustments where as science can be subjected to some degree of readjustments.
Final answer:

Philosophy is not considered a science because it lacks established methods of experimentation, a cornerstone of scientific disciplines. Instead, philosophy relies on logic, reasoning, and abstract thought experiments to interrogate and understand truths about existence, morality, and other non-tangibles.

Explanation:

Philosophy is not considered science primarily because it lacks established methods of experimentation typical of other science disciplines such as biology or physics. Philosophy relies heavily on the use of logic and reasoned arguments but it does not use empirical methods, that are based on observation and experimentation, to arrive at knowledge. Philosophical methods instead often involve dialectics and thought experiments that aim to clarify relationships between abstract concepts.

Unlike the sciences, philosophy deliberately lacks clear boundaries and does not have a body of canonical knowledge; its goal is to get closer to truth by questioning and thinking critically about a range of concepts and beliefs. Philosophical pursuits often focus on questions that lack definitive answers, such as the existence of God or the nature of morality.

While some fields such as experimental philosophy do attempt to incorporate empirical methods, the general approach in traditional philosophy strays from the scientific method. It's important to note that this doesn't make it valueless or less significant, just different. Both philosophy and science plays crucial roles in our understanding and interpretation of the world.

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Where does the developmental life stage of emerging adulthood usually appear?

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The developmental life stage of emerging adulthood usually appear usually during 18-25 but can be 18-29(Arnett,2000). It is the period of exploration or they want to try something new. Or in other words, Features of Emerging Adulthood is: First, the age of identity explorations. Second,the age of instability. Third,the self-focused age. Fourth,the age of feeling in-between; and lastly,the age of possibilities.

Final answer:

Emerging adulthood is a developmental stage from 18 to mid-20s marked by identity exploration, delayed adult commitments, and influenced by cultural and economic factors.

Explanation:

The developmental life stage of emerging adulthood typically appears after adolescence, spanning from around 18 years old to the mid-20s. This life stage is characterized by exploration and self-discovery, often involving changes in work and love, effectively delaying the onset of classical adult responsibilities such as long-term career commitments and family creation. Factors contributing to the emergence of this developmental stage include longer life expectancy, economic shifts requiring higher education for entry-level jobs, and cultural shifts towards more extensive identity exploration. The period is also marked by significant neurological development, where risk-taking behaviors are assessed in relation to brain activity, challenging the perception that adolescents are the most impulsive demographic.

In contemporary societies, particularly in Western cultures, emerging adulthood represents a distinct phase during which individuals are no longer considered adolescents but are not yet taking on the full responsibilities of adulthood. This period allows for greater experimentation and flexibility in life choices, influenced by changing societal norms and economic realities. Early adulthood, which follows emerging adulthood, generally aligns with one's late 20s and early 30s, where the focus shifts towards establishing a career, forming intimate relationships, and often starting a family.

"one dollar and eighty-seven cents. that was all. and sixty cents of it was in pennies. pennies saved one and two at a time by bulldozing the grocer and the vegetable man and the butcher until one's cheeks burned with the silent imputation of parsimony that such close dealing implied. three times della counted it. one dollar and eighty- seven cents. and the next day would be christmas." what can be inferred about della's feelings as she counted her money the day before christmas? select one:
a. she feels nervous.
b. she feels cheap.
c. she feels embarrassed.
d. she feels proud.

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Imagine that you flinch after seeing lightning because in previous instances the lightning is followed by thunder, which scared you. in this scenario, lightning can be interpreted as being a(n):

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The answer is a conditioned stimulus. In this case, the lightning did not have a response from you attached to it until the thunder followed it. Once thunder, a loud and unpleasant noise, surprised you, the lightning now has a new meaning. It now alerts you that something is to follow, and so it has changed from a neutral stimulus (one with no attachment to it) to a conditioned stimulus.

What other additional education is suggested to advance in food photography?

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First of all food photographers must be proficient with a digital camera and related technologies.Photography jobs are typically freelance-based and highly competitive. A knowledge of business and marketing and good interpersonal skills is basically required.Additional education suggested to food photographer was earning a bachelor's degree in art or photography,attending a food photography workshop and practice will help in achieving the success in the field.

In recent years, the supreme court has trended toward empowering _____ level(s) of government.

Answers

They have trended toward empowering the states. With many decisions, the SCOTUS has found that there are protections in the 5th and 14th amendments, for example, that give more leeway to the states in determining proper directions to take. Also, with concepts like the Full Faith and Credit clause in the Constitution, the courts have seen that there is a need for states to view legislation passed in other locations as fully valid, instead of trying to find ways to undercut them.

The Columbian Exchange is a term for the exchange of crops, animals, and disease between the Americas and Europe and Africa. true or false

Answers

Answer:

TRUE

Explanation:

The Colombian Exchange was a term coined by historian Alfred W. Crosby, coined to synthesize the relationship of exchange between Europeans and Native Americans with the arrival of Christopher Columbus in America.

The Colombian exchange has provided an intense exchange between the various peoples of the planet, creating, for example, food stability in Europe by sending food to the Old Continent, but at the same time decimated a large part of the inhabitants of the Americas with viruses and bacteria brought from Europe, since the natives did not have the antibodies for common European diseases such as the flu.

The portion of a light ray that falls on a surface is a/an A. specular reflection. B. diffuse reflection. C. reflected ray. D. incident ray.

Answers

D. incident ray
hope this helps

Answer:

Option D.

Explanation:

Incident ray, is the right answer.

A ray of light that hits a surface is known as an incident ray. Such a ray is employed to symbolize a ray that `occurrence into an interface of two means or onto a thing. The term "incident" does not have particular material meaning but it is just an indication.

The 5-year-old child of two very busy parents has been throwing tantrums. whenever the child gets angry or upset, one or both of his parents immediately come to his side and fuss over and cajole him. nevertheless, his tantrums do not diminish. in fact, they seem to occur more often. we may assume that for this child his parents' fussing over him serves as a(n) ________.

Answers

This is a positive reinforcer. When the parents give the child what he is wanting only after throwing the tantrum, the child associates the tantrums with the rewards. This conditioning and positive reinforcement only serves to make the tantrums more prevalent.

For the 5-year-old child in question, his parents' attentiveness to his tantrums acts as a reinforcer, inadvertently encouraging more frequent outbursts. To mitigate this, consistent positive reinforcement for appropriate behavior, and sensitivity to the child's need for reliable support are essential strategies.

The 5-year-old child of two very busy parents has been throwing tantrums, and despite the parents' fussing and cajoling when these outbursts happen, the behavior seems to be increasing. For this child, his parents' fussing over him serves as a reinforcer for the tantrums. Essentially, the child learns that throwing a tantrum results in attention and possibly other rewards from his parents, leading to an increase in such behavior. In contrast, positively rewarding the child for not having a tantrum, such as providing candy and attention only when he refrains from outbursts at the grocery store, could serve to reinforce the appropriate behavior. It's also important to recognize that the strategies for managing such behaviors should be consistent and balanced to help teach the child more effective ways to communicate and deal with frustration. A lack of consistency or sensitivity to a child's needs may contribute to an insecure ambivalent attachment style, where the child is uncertain about the reliability and availability of parental support.

Memory, problem solving, and multitasking are all functions of the __________ lobe.

Answers

The answer is frontal lobe. The frontal lobe is placed at the front of the brain, is the biggest of the four major lobes of the cerebral cortex in the mammalian brain. The frontal lobe is located at the front of each cerebral hemisphere and positioned in front of the parietal lobe and above and in front of the temporal lobe.  The frontal lobe plays a big part in voluntary movement.  The function of the frontal lobe includes the capability to plan future consequences resulting from present actions, the choice between good and bad actions, the override and suppression of socially intolerable responses, and the determination of similarities and differences between things or events.

Answer:

frontal

Explanation:

What is the result when a well-tested hypothesis is supported by many independent studies in the scientific community?

Answers

The hypothesis would be considered a scientific theory
A scientific theory is a form of explanation about the reason behind an occurrence that's  happening around us that could be repeatedly tested.
A hypothesis is only a form of initial guess about what causing a specific occurrence
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