How are transition metals named in metal compounds?
Answer:
Explanation:em metais alcalinos, acho
Answer:
A roman numeral in parentheses follows the name of the metal.
Explanation:
Dr. Terror has developed a new alloy called Ultranomium. He is testing a bar that is 1.25 m1.25 m long and has a mass of 382 g.382 g. Using a carbon‑dioxide infrared laser, he carfully heats the bar from 20.6 ∘C20.6 ∘C to 288 ∘C.288 ∘C. Answer the two questions below, using three significant digits. Part A: If the bar absorbs 89300 J89300 J of energy during the temperature change, what is the specific heat capacity ( cc ) of the Ultranomium?
Answer:0.8742j/g°C
Explanation: SOLUTION
GIVEN
length of bar=1.25m
mass 382g
temperature= 20°C to 288°C
Q=89300J
Specific Heat Capacity will be calculated using
Q=mC∆T
where
C = specific heat capacity
Q = heat
m = mass
Δ T = change in temperature
C=Q/ m∆T
=89300/382X(288-20.6)
=0.8742j/g°C
Consider the reaction below.
21- (aq) + Cl2(g)—>2014(aq) +12(aq)
Which half reaction correctly describes the reduction that is taking place?
© C12(g) +2 ->2014 (aq)
C12(g) +-->2014 (aq)
21+ (aq) — > 2(aq) + 2e7
21+ (aq) —
> 12(aq) + e
Answer:
Refer to pic above
Explanation:
Cl's oxidation state reduces from 0 in Cl2 to - 1 in Cl-.
For the given reaction the reduction reaction is Cl[tex]_2[/tex] + 2e⁻→ 2Cl⁻. Therefore, the correct option is option C.
What are oxidation and reduction?
Any chemical process in which a participating chemical species' oxidation number changes is known as an oxidation-reduction reaction, often known as a redox reaction. The phrase refers to a broad range of processes. Many oxidation-reduction processes are as frequent and well-known as fire, metal corrosion and disintegration, fruit browning, respiration, and photosynthesis—basic life processes.
These three processes have two things in common: (1) they are coupled, meaning that every oxidation reaction results in a subsequent reduction; and (2) they involve a typical net chemical change, meaning that an atom or electron moves through one unit of matter to the other. For the given reaction the reduction reaction is Cl[tex]_2[/tex] + 2e⁻→ 2Cl⁻
Therefore, the correct option is option C.
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Which disease is most likely to cause each effect?
Destruction of red blood cells:
Shaking hands or feet:
Streaks of pus in the throat area:
Inability of the immune system to fight off pathogens:
Answers:
Though no result is wholesome without further tests and observed symptoms, these diseases could be causative for the following symptoms:
Explanation:
Destruction of red blood cells: AnaemiaShaking hands or feet: Parkinson's disease, Sclerosis, Peripheral neuropathyStreaks of pus in the throat area: Glandular fever, tonsillitisInability of the immune system to fight off pathogens: HIV?AIDS, Leukemia.HELP MY TEST IS TIMED: A sample of methane gas is 22.8 L at 313 Kelvin and 4.00 atm. What will its pressure be at 341 K and constant volume?
3.7 atm
4.4 atm
2.4 atm
.15 atm
Answer:
option B.
Explanation:
Given,
Volume,V₁ = 22.8 L
T₁ = 313 K
P₁ = 4 atm
T₂ = 341 K
P₂ = ?
Volume is constant.
Using ideal gas law
[tex]\dfrac{P_1}{T_1}=\dfrac{P_2}{T_2}[/tex]
[tex]\dfrac{4}{313}=\dfrac{P_2}{341}[/tex]
[tex]P_2 = \dfrac{4}{313}\times 341[/tex]
[tex]P_ 2 = 4.36\ atm[/tex]
Pressure of the tank is equal to 4.36 atm.
Hence, the correct answer is option B.
please help which one is it
Answer:
d:more dense and falls
Explanation:
warm air Rises around cold air bc of its lower density. and when you have a lower density fluid or sum the lower density fluid rises and the higher density falls
Answer:
Explanation:
I have the same question
The lead-containing reactant(s) consumed during recharging of a lead-acid battery is/are ________. The lead-containing reactant(s) consumed during recharging of a lead-acid battery is/are ________. PbSO4 (s) only Pb (s) only PbO2 (s) only both PbO2 (s) and PbSO4 (s) both Pb (s) and PbO2 (s)
Answer:
PbSO4 (s) only
Explanation:
why earth not flat and why we live in this country not yours
Answer:
Earth is not flat because the spheroidical shape provides a more effective shape in terms of exposed surface area for absorbing and radiating radiation, and also for a relatively more uniform gravity pull on different points on its surface which might not be so for a flat surface.
You live in your country, not mine because you have evolved over time to be more adapted to living in your own kind of envoirment. Members of a certain species (like you and me as humans) have been spread to maximize the survivability of their species compared to if they were clustered to a particular place.
a sample of oxygen occupies 75 L at 1 atm. If the volume double what is the new pressure of oxygen in atm
Answer:
[tex]P_2=\frac{1}{2} \text{ atm}[/tex]
Explanation:
Considering ideal gas situation and initial condition as 1 and final condition as 2 all other conditions being constant we get
[tex]P_1V_1=P_2V_2[/tex]
Here P1 = 1 atm , V1= 75L, also, V2=2V1 = 2×75 L =150 L
using above equation we have
[tex]1\times75=150\times P_2\\P_2=\frac{75}{150} = \frac{1}{2} \text{ atm}[/tex]
What is the enthalpy change during the process in which 100.0 g of water at 50.0 °C is cooled to ice at –30.0 °C?
(Use the specific heats and enthalpies for phase changes)
Answer:
60.1 kJ
Explanation:
Enthalpy change ΔH = m x Δt x cρ
Given that:
100 grams water = 5.56 moles water
The enthalpy change needed to raise 100 g water from 50°C to 0°C is calculated as :
ΔH = 100g x ( 0-50) x 4.18J/gC = -2.09 X 10⁴ Joules
The Freezing water
ΔH = ΔH fusion * mol
ΔH fus for water is = 6.01 kJ/mol
ΔH = 6.01 kJ/mol × 5.56 moles = -33.4 kJ (since heat is released when water freezes)
Finally, The enthalpy Change during the process pf changing the ice from 0°C to -30.0°C is:
ΔH = m x Δt x cp
= 0.100 kg × (-30 -0)°C × 2.00 × 10³ J/kgC
= - 6 × 10³ J
Total heat lost = -2.09 × 10⁴ J + (-33.4 × 10³ J) + (-6 × 10^3J)
= - 6.01 × 10⁴ J
= 60.1 kJ
The enthalpy change during the process in which 100.0 g of water at 50.0 °C is cooled to ice at -30.0 °C is -60.570 kJ, involving three energy changes: cooling water from 50°C to 0°C, transition from water to ice, and cooling from 0°C to -30°C.
Explanation:The calculation of the enthalpy change in converting 100.0 g water at 50.0 °C to ice at -30.0 °C involves calculating energy changes at different stages: cooling water from 50°C to 0°C, changing water at 0°C to ice at 0°C (enthalpy of fusion), and cooling ice from 0°C to -30°C. Below is step be step calculation.
Cooling of water: Using the formula Q = m * C * ΔT (where Q is energy, m is mass, C is specific heat, and ΔT is temperature change), we calculate: Q1 = 100.0 g * 4.18 J/(g*K) * -50.0 K = -20900 J. Water to ice: Enthalpy of fusion for water is 334 J/g, so Q2 = 100.0 g * -334 J/g = -33400 J. Cooling of ice: The specific heat of ice is 2.09 J/(g*K), Q3 = 100.0 g * 2.09 J/(g*K) * -30.0 K = -6270 J.
The total enthalpy change is therefore Q total = Q1 + Q2 + Q3 = -20900 J - 33400 J - 6270 J = -60570 J, or -60.570 kJ.
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The electron configurations of two unknown elements are x and y. X: 1s2 2s2 2p6 Y: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5 which statement is most likely correct about the two elements
Answer:
X: 2,8 = Neon
Y: 2,8,7= Chlorine
Neon has an atomic number of 10. It is referred to as a noble gas and it’s a mono atomic element.
Chlorine has an atomic number of 17. It is referred to as an Halogen. Chlorine exists in nature as a diatomic molecule.
However the question is incomplete and will need more information.
Compare and contrast the causes and effects of ocean-continent
and ocean-ocean convergent plate boundaries.
EXTRA HELP
How are the causes of ocean-continent and ocean-ocean convergent
plate boundaries similar?
How are the causes of ocean-continent and ocean-ocean convergent
plate boundaries different?
How are the effects of ocean-continent and ocean-ocean convergent
plate boundaries similar?
How are the effects of ocean-continent and ocean-ocean convergent
plate boundaries different?
Answer:seen below
Explanation:
The effects of an ocean-ocean subduction zone are the same as those of an ocean-continent subduction zone in that, the subduction zone where an oceanic plate subducts beneath another oceanic plate are the same as a continent-ocean subduction zone.
They oceanic plate and the continental plate are both convergent zones, but when an oceanic plate converges with a continental plate, the oceanic plate is forced underneath the continental plate this is because oceanic crust is thinner and denser than the continental crust. The difference is that the volcanic arc formed will be a set of islands known as an island arc.
If two plates meet at a convergent plate boundary both are of oceanic crust, the older, denser plate will subduct beneath the less dense plate into a trench, resulting in earthquakes.
Finally, When two continents meet head-on, neither is subducted under, this is because the continental rocks are relatively light and are like two colliding icebergs they resist downward motion. Instead, the crust tends to buckle and be pushed upward or sideways.
The driving forces behind ocean-continent and ocean-ocean convergent plate boundaries are similar, involving the movement of lithospheric plates due to mantle convection, the specific outcomes of these collisions differ based on the types of plates involved.
The causes of ocean-continent and ocean-ocean convergent plate boundaries are similar in that both are driven by the movement of lithospheric plates due to the convection currents in the asthenosphere. The differences in their causes lie in the density and composition of the colliding plates. Ocean-continent convergence occurs when a dense oceanic plate collides with a less dense continental plate, while ocean-ocean convergence involves the collision of two oceanic plates.
The effects of both types of convergent boundaries include the formation of mountains or island arcs, earthquakes, and volcanic activity. However, the specific effects differ due to the nature of the colliding plates. Ocean-continent convergence typically results in the subduction of the oceanic plate under the continental plate, leading to the formation of mountain ranges like the Andes and volcanic activity such as the Cascade Range. In contrast, ocean-ocean convergence leads to the creation of island arcs like the Aleutian Islands and deep ocean trenches such as the Mariana Trench. Additionally, the volcanic activity at ocean-ocean convergent boundaries tends to produce less explosive eruptions compared to the more explosive eruptions that can occur at ocean-continent boundaries.
Convergent plate boundaries are areas where two or more tectonic plates collide. The movement of these plates is driven by convection currents in the Earth's mantle, specifically the asthenosphere, which is a more ductile layer beneath the lithosphere. These currents cause the overlying lithospheric plates to move, and when this movement is convergent, it leads to collision.
In the case of ocean-continent convergence, the denser oceanic plate is forced beneath the less dense continental plate in a process known as subduction. This subduction can cause melting of the subducting plate, leading to the formation of magma that rises through the continental crust, resulting in volcanic activity. The collision also causes the continental crust to crumple and fold, creating mountain ranges.
Ocean-ocean convergence, on the other hand, involves two oceanic plates. When these plates collide, one plate is typically subducted under the other due to the higher density of the oceanic crust compared to the mantle below. This subduction also leads to volcanic activity, but because the volcanoes form in the ocean, they often create island arcs. The subduction of one oceanic plate beneath another also results in the formation of deep ocean trenches.
The similarities in effects between the two types of convergent boundaries include the creation of topographic highs (mountains or island arcs), seismic activity due to the release of energy as the plates move and collide, and volcanic activity from the melting of the subducting plate.
The differences in effects are primarily due to the different densities and compositions of the colliding plates. Ocean-continent convergence can lead to more dramatic mountain building and more explosive volcanic eruptions because of the interaction between the dense oceanic crust and the less dense continental crust. In contrast, ocean-ocean convergence tends to produce less explosive volcanic eruptions and the creation of island arcs and ocean trenches rather than large mountain ranges on continents.
The formula CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2 represents an
Answer:
alkene
Explanation:
Since the end only has CH2 it would be an alkene.
Alkene means their is a double bond present.
Carbon always wants 4 bonds (4-2=2) Therefore this shows us that it is a double bond, known as an alkene.
Also,
alcohol = OH
alkane = single bond
alkene = double bond
alkyne = triple bond
- Hope this helps! Please let me know if you want further explanation.
The chemical formula CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2 represents a type of hydrocarbon known as hexane, a straight-chain alkane with six carbon atoms commonly used as a solvent in labs and a constituent in gasoline.
Explanation:The formula CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2 represents a hydrocarbon named Hexane. Hexane is a straight-chain alkane with six carbon atoms. The general formula for an alkane is CnH2n+2, which in the case of hexane explains the presence of 14 hydrogen atoms. Hexane is commonly used as a solvent in laboratories and a constituent in gasoline.
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A gas sample occupies 8.77 L at 20 degrees Celsius and 3.98 atm. What is
the amount of mols of gas in the sample? *
Answer:
1.45 mol
Explanation:
Given data
Volume of the gas (V): 8.77 LTemperature of the gas (T): 20 °CPressure of the gas (P): 3.98 atmStep 1: Calculate the absolute temperature (Kelvin)
We will use the following expression.
[tex]K = \°C + 273.15\\K = 20\°C + 273.15 = 293K[/tex]
Step 2: Calculate the number of moles (n) of the gaseous sample
We will use the ideal gas equation.
[tex]P \times V = n \times R \times T\\n = \frac{P \times V}{R \times T} = \frac{3.98atm \times 8.77L}{\frac{0.0821atm.L}{mol.K} \times 293K} = 1.45 mol[/tex]
Ammonia gas combines with excess oxygen gas to produce nitric oxide and water. How many grams of ammonia gas would have to react in order to release 154 kJ of energy
Answer:
11.6g of NH₃(g) have to react
Explanation:
For the reaction:
4 NH₃(g) + 5 O₂(g) → 4 NO(g) + 6 H₂O(g) ΔH = -905kJ
4 moles of ammonia produce 905kJ
Thus, if you want to produce 154kJ of energy you need:
154kJ × (4 mol NH₃ / 905kJ) = 0.681moles of NH₃. In mass -Molar mass ammonia is 17.031g/mol-
0.681mol NH₃ × (17.031g / mol) = 11.6g of NH₃(g) have to react
convert 1.21 kg to grams
Answer:
1210 grams
Explanation:
Message me for extra info.
snap- parkguy786
Answer:
1210
Explanation:
What the first song come to your mind?
Answer: Hey Brother by Avicii
4. If an experimental value for a given observation was 415 nm while the theoretical value
was 435.8 nm, what is the percent error of the observation?
Answer: % error of observation is 4.77%
Explanation:
Given:
Observation value = 415nm
theoretical value= 435.8nm
Percent error of observation = theoretical value- observation value/ theoretical value x 100 %
= 435.8-415/435.8= 0.04772 x 100 = 4.77%
therefore % error of observation is 4.77%
What type of decay occurs during the fission of 240pu? 240 94 Pu 236 92 U+\ \ Select one Y, B-, A, or B +
Answer:
Alpha decay
Explanation:
Observing the question given, we discovered that the mass number of 240 94 Pu reduced by 4 and the atomic number reduce by 2 in the product obtained from the reaction. This clearly indicates that 240 94 Pu is undergoing alpha decay because atoms that ungoes alpha decay has a decrease of 4 in the mass number and a decrease 2 in the atomic number.
The attached photo gives further explanation...
Pyridine, C5H5N, is a commonly used reagent in the lab. It is a highly flammable, weakly basic, water-miscible liquid with a distinctive, unpleasant fish-like smell. Suppose now in a buffer solution, the concentration of [C5H5N] is 0.01 M and the concentration of [C5H6N+] (the conjugate acid) is 0.02M. What pH is the buffer? (Given that the Kb for C5H5N is 1.8 x 10−9 )
Answer:
5.0
Explanation:
We have a buffer system formed by a weak base (C₅H₅N) and its conjugate acid (C₅H₆N⁺). We can calculate the pOH using the Henderson-Hasselbach's equation.
pOH = pKb + log [acid]/[base]
pOH = -log 1.8 × 10⁻⁹ + log 0.02/0.01
pOH = 9.0
Then, we will calculate the pH.
pH + pOH = 14
pH = 14 - pOH = 14 - 9.0 = 5.0
Draw the products of the acid-base reaction between stearic acid and OH-
Answer:
Products are stearate anion and water.
Explanation:
Stearic acid is a 18-carbon chain molecule containing -COOH group. IUPAC name of stearic acid is octadecanoic acid.
Molecular formula of stearic acid is [tex]C_{17}H_{35}CO_{2}H[/tex].
When [tex]OH^{-}[/tex] is added into stearic acid, [tex]OH^{-}[/tex] removes a proton ([tex]H^{+}[/tex]) from acidic -COOH group and forms stearate anion and water as products.
The balanced acid-base reaction is given as:
[tex]C_{17}H_{35}CO_{2}H+OH^{-}\rightleftharpoons C_{17}H_{35}CO_{2}^{-}+H_{2}O[/tex]
Structure of products are given below.
under a pressure of 1.0 atm , a confined gas has a volume of 750mL. at constant temperature, the pressure is increased until the gas has a volume of 610 mL. what is the new pressure
Using Boyle's Law which states that P1V1 = P2V2 for a gas at constant temperature, and given the initial conditions of 1.0 atm and 750 mL, when the volume decreases to 610 mL, the new pressure is calculated to be 1.23 atm.
Explanation:The question relates to the behavior of gases under different pressures and volumes, which is generally described by Boyle's Law. Boyle's Law states that for a given mass of gas at constant temperature, the volume of the gas varies inversely with the pressure. We use the formula P1V1 = P2V2, where P1 and V1 are the initial pressure and volume, and P2 and V2 are the new pressure and volume.
Given that the initial pressure (P1) is 1.0 atm and the initial volume (V1) is 750 mL, and the final volume (V2) is 610 mL, we want to find the new pressure (P2). Rearranging the formula to solve for P2 gives us P2 = P1V1/V2. Substituting our known values in we get:
P2 = (1.0 atm * 750 mL) / 610 mL = 1.23 atm (rounded to two decimal places).
Therefore, the new pressure when the volume is decreased to 610 mL while maintaining a constant temperature is 1.23 atm.
Is HSO4 polar or no polar
Answer:
It is polar
Explanation:
Hydrogensulfate is an oxoanion of sulphur , conjugate base of a sulfuric acid and conjugate acid of a sulfate
Please see the structure of HSO4 in the attached image
Polar molecules have electronegativity difference between the bonded atoms.
In case of Hydrogensulfate, hydrogen is positive while sulfate is negative ion.
Electronegativity of hydrogen is 2.2 while that of sulfur and oxygen is 2.58 and 3.44 respectively
Thus, it is a polar molecule.
Which of the following would you expect to be elastomers and which thermosetting polymers at room temperature? (a) Linear and highly crystalline polyethylene (b) Phenol-formaldehyde (c) Heavily crosslinked polyisoprene having a glass-transition temperature of 50oC (122oF) (d) Lightly crosslinked polyisoprene having a glass-transition temperature of -60oC (-76oF) (e) Linear and partially amorphous poly(vinyl chloride)
Answer: Please see below for answer
Explanation:A thermosetting polymer is a polymer that consists a of cross-linked structure or heavily network of branched molecules.
Elastomers are loosely cross-linked polymers which are highly flexible and elastic which can make them stretch easily and return to thier original shapes.
a) Linear and highly crystalline polyethylene is a linear thermoplastic it will not be an elastomer or themoset.
.
(b) Phenol-formaldehyde is anetwork structured thermosetting resin which is regarded as the most useful thermosetting resin especially in the production of wood based panels.
(c) Heavily crosslinked polyisoprene having a glass-transition temperature of 50 deg C is a thermoset since it is heavily cross linked above room temperature.
(d) Lightly crosslinked polyisoprene having a glass-transition temperature of -60 deg C is both an elastomer and thermoset since it has both characteristics .
(e) Linear and partially amorphous poly (vinyl chloride) is a thermoplastic and not an elastomer or a thermoset.
In polymers the crystalline order is often set up by a regular arrangement of the chains. Therefore what you would expect to be elastomers and which thermosetting polymers at room temperature are;
a. Linear and crystalline polyethylene would be neither an elastomer nor a thermoset because it is a linear polymer.
b. Phenol-formaldehyde is said too have a network structure called thermosetting polymer because it has a network structure. It would therefore not be an elastomer as it does not have a crosslinked chain structure.
c. Heavily crosslinked polyisoprene having a glass transition temperature of 50°C can be a said to be a thermosetting polymer due to the fact that it is heavily crosslinked. It cannot not be an elastomer because it is heavily crosslinked and room temperature is below its Tg.
d. Linear and partially amorphous poly(vinyl chloride) is said to be neither an elastomer nor a thermoset. If it want to be any of thee both, it must have some crosslinking.
Polymers is said to be crystallized from a solution or upon evaporation of a solvent but it based on the degree of dilution.
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A 500L tank contains helium gas at 1.50 atm. What is the pressure of the gas in torr
What are some advantages to use the Hydro kinetic energy? White might be some disadvantages?
Answer:
Here are some advantages.
Explanation:
Hydropower is fueled by water, so it's a clean fuel source, meaning it won't pollute the air like power plants that burn fossil fuels, such as coal or natural gas.
Hydroelectric power is a domestic source of energy, allowing each state to produce their own energy without being reliant on international fuel sources.
The energy generated through hydropower relies on the water cycle, which is driven by the sun, making it a renewable power source, making it a more reliable and affordable source than fossil fuels that are rapidly being depleted.
Impoundment hydropower creates reservoirs that offer a variety of recreational opportunities, notably fishing, swimming, and boating. Most water power installations are required to provide some public access to the reservoir to allow the public to take advantage of these opportunities.
Some hydropower facilities can quickly go from zero power to maximum output. Because hydropower plants can generate power to the grid immediately, they provide essential back-up power during major electricity outages or disruptions.
In addition to a sustainable fuel source, hydropower efforts produce a number of benefits, such as flood control, irrigation, and water supply.
Some advantages of Hydro kinetic energy is, it can be used to drive turbines and generate electricity.
What is hydro kinetic energy?Hydro kinetic energy is the energy derived from the motion of falling water.
The energy (Hydro kinetic energy) can be converted into mechanical energy of turbine which is in turn converted into electrical energy.
Some advantages of Hydro kinetic energyIt is can be used to generate electricityIt is can be used to power some machines like, turbine, etc.Some disadvantage of Hydro kinetic energyIt can lead to loss of water that would have been used for irrigation or other purposes.Learn more about Hydro kinetic energy here: https://brainly.com/question/26038602
If the molar heat of fusion of water is 6.01
kJ
mol
, how much heat energy was required to melt 2 kg of ice?
Answer : The heat energy required to melt 2 kg of ice was, 667.7 kJ
Explanation :
First we have to calculate the moles of ice.
[tex]\text{Moles of ice}=\frac{\text{Given mass ice}}{\text{Molar mass ice}}=\frac{2kg}{18g/mol}=\frac{2000g}{18g/mol}=111.1mol[/tex]
Now we have to calculate the heat energy.
As, heat energy required to melt 1 mole of ice = 6.01 kJ
So, heat energy required to melt 111.1 mole of ice = 111.1 × 6.01 kJ
= 667.7 kJ
Therefore, the heat energy required to melt 2 kg of ice was, 667.7 kJ
Are the following statements true or false? (a) Formal charges represent an actual separation of charges. true false (b) ΔH o rxn can be estimated from the bond enthalpies of reactants and products. true false (c) All second-period elements obey the octet rule in their compounds. true false (d) The resonance structures of a molecule can be separated from one another in the laboratory. true false
Answer:
Explanation:
A) Formal charges represent an actual separation of charges.(FALSE)
(B) ΔHo rxn can be estimated from the bond enthalpies of reactants and products.(TRUE)
C)All second-period elements obey the octet rule in their compounds(FALSE).
(D)The resonance structures of a molecule can be separated from one another in the laboratory.(FALSE)
Bond enthalpy which is also reffered to as bond energy is the amount of energy that is required to break one mole of a bond.
taking the single bond between Oxygen and Hydrogen into considerationthe bond energy between their single bond is 463 kJ/mol.
formal charge is used for the comparison of the number of electrons present around an atom in a particular molecule with the number of electrons present around a neutral
Final answer:
Formal charges do not represent actual charge separation, ΔH°rxn can be estimated using bond enthalpies, not all second-period elements obey the octet rule, and resonance structures cannot be physically separated.
Explanation:
Addressing the truthfulness of the given statements:
Formal charges represent an actual separation of charges is false. Formal charges are a way of computing the charge distribution within a Lewis structure and do not represent an actual charge separation.ΔH°rxn can be estimated from the bond enthalpies of reactants and products is true. This is a common method for estimating the change in enthalpy for a reaction.All second-period elements obey the octet rule in their compounds is false. While many do, there are exceptions, such as boron, which can have incomplete octets.The resonance structures of a molecule can be separated from one another in the laboratory is false. Resonance structures are theoretical concepts that represent different ways of drawing the same molecule and cannot be separated.The pKa of propanoic acid (propionic acid), CH3CH2COOH, is 4.87. Consider an equilibrium mixture of propanoic acid and its conjugate base with a pH of 4.87. Draw the structure of the form (acid or conjugate base) that predominates after a decrease in [H3O ]. Include all hydrogen atoms and any appropriate formal charges.
Answer:
Explanation:
check below for explicit explanation.
When the number of hydronium ions decreases in a solution containing propanoic acid and its conjugate base, the solution shifts towards the acidic side. Therefore, the structure that would predominate in this circumstance is the acidic form, that is, propanoic acid itself.
Explanation:The equilibrium pH of a solution is equal to the pKa of the acid when the concentrations of the acid and its conjugate base are equal. In this case, where the propanoic acid has a pKa of 4.87 and the pH of the mixture is also 4.87, we have an equal concentration of the acid and its conjugate base. When a decrease in [H₃O⁺] occurs, the equilibrium of the solution shifts to compensate, and shifts towards the acidic side because the concentration of [H₃O⁺] (hydronium ions) has decreased. This means that the form of the propanoic acid that would predominate after a decrease in [H₃O⁺], would be the acidic form. Therefore, the structure that predominates is that of propanoic acid, CH₃CH₂COOH, not its conjugate base.
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The [OH-] of an aqueous solution is 6.4 x 10-5 M. What is the [H3O+]?
Answer: The [tex][H_3O^+][/tex] is [tex]1.55\times 10^{-10}M[/tex]
Explanation:
pH or pOH is the measure of acidity or alkalinity of a solution.
pOH is calculated by taking negative logarithm of hydroxide ion concentration.
[tex]pOH=-\log [OH^-][/tex]
Putting in the values:
[tex]pOH=-\log[6.4\times 10^{-5}][/tex]
[tex]pOH=4.19[/tex]
[tex]pH+pOH=14[/tex]
[tex]pH=9.81[/tex]
[tex]9.81=-\log [H_3O^+][/tex]
[tex][H_3O^+]=1.55\times 10^{-10}[/tex]
Thus the [tex][H_3O^+][/tex] is [tex]1.55\times 10^{-10}M[/tex]
The value of [H₃O⁺] will be "1.55 × 10⁻¹⁰ M". To understand the calculation, check below.
Aqueous solutionAccording to the question,
The value of [OH⁻] = 6.4 × 10⁻⁵
By taking hydroxide ion concentration log,
→ pOH = log[OH⁻]
By putting the value of [OH⁻],
pOH = log[6.4 × 10⁻⁵]
= 4.19
hence,
→ pH + pOH = 14
9.81 = log [H₃O⁺]
[H₃O⁺] = 1.55 × 10⁻¹⁰ M
Thus the above answer is correct.
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