Answer:
1.planning and propaganda
2.expasion and violence
Explanation:
The phases of the Holocaust include the pre-war persecution stages, the beginning of mass killings with the invasion of the Soviet Union, the peak period of extermination in 1942-1943, the aftermath with the Allied discovery of the genocide, and subsequent scholarly research and global remembrance.
Explanation:Phases of the Holocaust
The Holocaust was a multi-phase genocide orchestrated by Nazi Germany, targeting Jews and other groups deemed undesirable by the Nazi regime. The phases can be outlined as follows:
11.1: Before the Holocaust
The policies and discriminatory actions against Jews and others began well before World War II, setting up the framework and ideology that would lead to the Holocaust.
11.2: The Holocaust Begins
With the invasion of the Soviet Union in the summer of 1941, the Holocaust started in earnest. It involved mass shootings by mobile killing squads known as Einsatzgruppen, which expanded to systematic mass murder using extermination camps.
11.3: The Peak Killing Period
The height of mass extermination occurred between early 1942 and late summer 1943. During this period, the genocide machinery operated at full capacity, claiming the lives of millions, particularly in extermination camps like Treblinka.
11.4: The Aftermath
After the destruction presented by the Allies, the full extent of the Holocaust was unveiled. The world faced the harrowing facts of how millions had been systematically exterminated in camps and ghettos.
11.5: Conclusion
Although the term "Holocaust" has come to mean the Nazi genocide of approximately 6 million Jews, it has also been used to refer to other acts of genocide throughout history. The key takeaway is a sobering reflection on the mechanisms of genocide and the importance of remembrance and education to prevent future atrocities.
Raul Hilberg's groundbreaking research laid the foundation for Holocaust scholarship, which continues to evolve as new evidence and interpretations emerge.