When a hydrogen atom and a chlorine atom react to form a hydrogen chloride molecule, the hydrogen atom acquires a partial positive charge, and the chlorine atom acquires a partial negative charge.
Explanation:When a hydrogen (H) atom and a chlorine (Cl) atom react to form a hydrogen chloride (HCl) molecule, the hydrogen atom acquires a partial positive charge, and the chlorine atom acquires a partial negative charge. This is because of the electronegativity difference between hydrogen and chlorine. The hydrogen atom loses its electron to the highly electronegative chlorine atom, resulting in a partial positive charge on the hydrogen atom and a partial negative charge on the chlorine atom.
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H-H and Cl-Cl bonds break to HCl Formation bonds in an exothermic reaction. This results in hydrogen chloride or HCl, which behaves as an acid in water, producing hydronium and chloride ions.
When a hydrogen atom and a chlorine atom react, H-H bonds and Cl-Cl bonds are broken to form two moles of HCl.
The energy to break these bonds is 436 kJ/mol for the H-H bond and 243 kJ/mol for the Cl-Cl bond.
When the reaction takes place, two moles of strong H-Cl bonds form, releasing an energy of 864 kJ (432 kJ/mol for each bond).
Hence, the reaction is exothermic as more energy is released than consumed.
Furthermore, in HCl, hydrogen acquires a partial positive charge, while chlorine acquires a partial negative charge, contributing to the molecule's polar nature.
If dissolved in water, HCl behaves as an acid, transferring protons to water molecules and yielding hydronium ions and solvated chloride ions.
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The probable question may be:
When a hydrogen atom and a chlorine atom react with each other what does it formed?
Using enthalpies of formation, calculate H.
ΔH° = -851.5 kJ/mol given that
[tex]\begin{array}{cc}\textbf{Species}&{\bf {\Delta H_f\textdegree{}}}\\ \text{Fe}_2\text{O}_3\;(s) & -824.2\;\text{kJ}\cdot\text{mol}^{-1}\\\text{Al}_2\text{O}_3\;(s) & -1675.7\;\text{kJ}\cdot\text{mol}^{-1}\end{array}[/tex]
(Source: Chemistry Libretexts.)
ExplanationRefer to a thermodynamic data table for the standard enthalpy of formation for each species.
Don't be alerted if the data for Al (s) and Fe (s) are missing. Why?
The standard enthalpy of formation of a substance measures the ΔH required to form each mole of it from the most stable allotrope of its elements under STP. Both Al (s) and Fe (s) are already the most stable form of their element under STP (note that the state symbol matters.) There's no need to form them again.As a result, [tex]\Delta H_f\textdegree{} = 0[/tex] for both Al (s) and Fe (s).
[tex]\displaystyle \Delta H_{\text{rxn}}\textdegree{} = \text{Sum of }\Delta H\text{ for all }\textbf{Product} - \text{Sum of }\Delta H\text{ for all }\textbf{Reactant}}\\\phantom{\Delta H_{\text{rxn}}\textdegree{}} = (1\times \Delta H_f\textdegree{}(\text{Al}_2\text{O}_3\;(s)) + 1\times \Delta H_f\textdegree{}(\text{Al}\;(s)) \\ \phantom{\Delta H_{\text{rxn}}\textdegree{}=}-(1\times \Delta H_f\textdegree{}(\text{Fe}_2\text{O}_3\;(s)) + 1\times\Delta H_f\textdegree{}(\text{Fe}\;(s))[/tex]
[tex]\Delta H_{\text{rxn}}\textdegree{}} = (1 \times (-1675.7)) - (1\times(-824.2)) = -851.5\;\text{kJ}\cdot\text{mol}^{-1}[/tex].
The number "1" here emphasizes that in case there are more than one mole of any species in one mole of the reaction, it will be necessary to multiply the [tex]\Delta H_f\textdegree{}[/tex] of that species with its coefficient in the equation.
If a gas has a volume of 1000 ML at a temperature of 23°C and a pressure of 100 mmhg, what is it’s volume under standard conditions of temperature and pressure?
Answer:
119.7 mL.
Explanation:
From the general law of ideal gases:PV = nRT.
where, P is the pressure of the gas.
V is the volume of the container.
n is the no. of moles of the gas.
R is the general gas constant.
T is the temperature of the gas (K).
For the same no. of moles of the gas at two different (P, V, and T):P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂.
P₁ = 100.0 mmHg, V₁ = 1000.0 mL, T₁ = 23°C + 273 = 296 K.P₂ = 1.0 atm = 760.0 mmHg (standard P), V₂ = ??? mL, T₂ = 0.0°C + 273 = 273.0 K (standard T).∴ V₂ = (P₁V₁T₂)/(T₁P₂) = (100.0 mmHg)(1000.0 mL)(273.0 K)/(296 K)(760.0 mmHg) = 121.4 mL.
Molecules in a gas don’t stick together, so they can’t form drops as a liquid does. How could you compare two different gases to determine which gas particles are more strongly attracted to each other?
For ideal gas, there is no attraction between its molecules. But for real gas molecules, there are attractive forces in between molecules. Those are called Van der Waals forces.
To determine which gas particles are more strongly attracted to each other, you can compare two different gases at constant pressure but different temperatures. Because of the Van der Waals forces, the increase in volume due to temperature will be smaller than what is predicted by the ideal gas law. The larger the difference from the ideal gas law's prediction, the larger the intermolecular attractive force is.
Answer:
Explanation:
another way to look at it - for gases within the same group, the larger the attractive force, the closer the gas molecules can get together; i.e. the higher the gas density.
for example, for Group VII Halogens gases, the further down the gas, the higher its gas density: I2 > Br2 > Cl2 > F2. The Van der Waal force is also dependent on the gas masses. That means higher gas density indicates stronger attractive force.
A salt is best described as a compound that is formed from the reaction between
A salt is best described as a compound that is formed from the reaction between an acid and a base.
Answer:
Reaction between acid and base is called as neutralization and forms salt and water.
Example, Sodium hydroxide reacts with HCl gives salt NaCl and water as below
NaOH + HCl------.> NaCl + H2O
1. Air contains mostly nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%). It also contains other gases, including carbon dioxide and helium, and various pollutants (both gases and solids). Write a brief explanation about why air is a mixture, whether it is homogeneous or heterogeneous, and how it can be separated into its components.
Air is a mixture of gases (and some dust) because the gases (oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc.) do not combine chemically into other compounds. Just like a mixture of salt & pepper doesn't combine into some other thing.
The mixture is homogenous if it consists only of gases. If dust is mixed in the mixture is heterogeneous (dust is solid matter, gas is gas) A heterogenous mixture is one of different types of matter.
Separating one gas from the other is different for each gas and a complicated matter.
Answer: Air is a homogeneous mixture of gases.
Explanation: Mixture is a composition in which 2 or more substances are present together without making a chemical bond or a chemical compound between them.
Thus Air qualifies itself as mixture because there are several number of gases present in different composition and different proportions. These gases do not combine with each other to form a chemical compound between them.
Homogeneous mixture is the mixture in which the phase of the mixture is just single phase and it is not possible to separate the components. Thus Air is a homogeneous mixture and its component can never be separated because it forms a single phase.
Which of the following measures thermal energy in an object?
Volume
Heat
Mass
Temperature
i am confused
heat or temperature
but according to me the answer is heat
Answer: temperature
Explanation:
Thermal energy is the energy possessed by an object by virtue of its temperature. The hotter the substance, the more its molecules vibrate, and therefore the higher its thermal energy.
Thermal energy refers to the sum of kinetic, potential, vibrational ,electronic and rotational energies of the object.
Heat is the thermal energy which is transferred from a body at higher temperature to a body at colder temperature.
Temperature of an object is the measure of hotness or coldness of n object.
Heat always travels from ________ to
A)hot, cold.B)cold, hot.C)least dense, most dense.D)low energy, high energy.
Hey there!
The correct answer is A. Hot, Cold
Heat always travels from HOT to COLD
Hope this helps you!
God bless ❤️
xXxGolferGirlxXx
Heat always travels from hot to cold, the answer is A.
What is the percent concentration of a sodium fluoride solution made by dissolving 65.4 grams of sodium fluoride in 125.1 grams of water?
Answer:
34.33 %.
Explanation:
To calculate the mass percent or weight percent of a solution, you must divide the mass of the solute by the mass of the solution (both the solute and the solvent together) and then multiply by 100 to change it into percent.W% = [(W of solute NaF)/(W of solution)] x 100.
W of solute NaF = 65.4 g.
W of solution = W of solute NaF + W of water = 65.4 g + 125.1 g = 190.5 g.
∴ W% = [(W of solute NaF)/(W of solution)] x 100 = [(65.4 g)/(190.5 g)] x 100 = 34.33 %.
Koolaid is a solution. What is the solute? What is the solvent?
Solute: koolaid mix , Sugar
Sovlent: water
Water acts as a solvent in our Kool-aid, dissolving the sugar plus Kool-aid powder. A solute plus a solvent make up a solution.
What is solution?A solute plus a solvent make up a solution. The thing that dissolves in the solvent is called the solute. Solubility is the measure of a solute's ability to dissolve in a solvent. For instance, salt is the solute and water is the solvent in a saline solution.
The chemicals present in lesser concentrations are solutes, whilst the substances present in greater abundance are the solvent in solutions with components within the same phase. In the case of air, the solutes are the gases of oxygen and carbon dioxide, while the solvent is the gas of nitrogen. Water acts as a solvent in our Kool-aid, dissolving the sugar plus Kool-aid powder.
Therefore, water acts as a solvent in our Kool-aid, dissolving the sugar plus Kool-aid powder.
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How many grams of NaNo3 are required to saturate 200 grams of water at 10 degrees Celsius
Answer:
162.0 g.
Explanation:
The solubility is the maximum amount of solute dissolved in a given amount of solvent to form saturated solution.The solubility of NaNO₃ in 100.0 g of water at 10.0°C is 81.0 g/ 100 g water.
Using cross multiplication:
81.0 g of NaNO₃ form saturated solution at 10.0°C in → 100.0 g of water.
???? g of NaNO₃ form saturated solution at 10.0°C in → 200.0 g of water.
∴ The grams of NaNO₃ form saturated solution at 10.0°C in 200.0 g of water = (81.0 g)(200.0 g)/(100.0 g) = 162.0 g.
Answer:
I belive it would be 162.0 grams
Explanation:
Calculate the percent of Cl in KClO4
Answer:
25.6 %.
Explanation:
To calculate the % of Cl in KClO₄:% Cl = [Atomic mass of (Cl)/molar mass of KClO₄] x 100 = [(35.5 g/mol)/(138.55 g/mol)] x 100 = 25.62 % ≅ 25.6 %.
Which of the following is a physical property? A. Flammability B. Heat of combustion C. Solubility D.Toxicity
Answer: Option (C) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
A property that does not cause any difference in the chemical composition of the atom is known as a physical property.
For example, boiling point, mass, density, melting point, solubility etc are physical properties.
On the other hand, a property that that cause difference in the chemical composition of a substance is known as a chemical property.
For example, combustion, toxicity, flammability etc are chemical properties.
Therefore, we can conclude that out of the given options solubility is a physical property.
Solubility out of the following is a physical property. Therefore, the correct option is option C.
A physical property is a characteristic that does not alter the chemical makeup of an atom in any way. Physical attributes include things like melting point, solubility, mass, density, and boiling point. At the other hand, a chemical property is a characteristic that alters a substance's chemical make-up. Chemical attributes include things like combustion, toxicity, flammability, etc. Solubility out of the following is a physical property.
Therefore, the correct option is option C among all the given options.
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Freezing water into ice is a ____ change
Physical
Chemical
Nuclear
physical change because it is just changing the state of matter. SOLID into LIQUID
The reactants side of an equation is shown. How many silver atoms should the products side of the equation have after a chemical reaction?
2 A g 2 O
⟶
?
3
2
1
4
I was thinking 2 but im not sure.
A water molecule is made up of two hydrogen (H) atoms and one oxygen (O) atom. In a chemical equation, what would be the correct way to represent six water molecules?
6 H (2) O
H (12) O (6)
6 H (2) O (2)
2 H (6) O (3)
6H(2)O?
someone help me , quick
When you ride a bicycle, several things happen that require energy and it's transformation. You pedaling the bike is transforming chemical energy, supplied by the breakdown of the food you eat, into mechanical energy to turn the pedals. The chemical energy is potential and the mechanical energy is kinetic.
Difluoromethane has the formula CH2F2- this compound can be classified as
A.) covalent,because it contains carbon and hydrogen
B.) ionic, because it contains Fluorine ions
C.) covalent because it contains only nonmetal
D.)ionic, because it contains both hydrogen (a metal )and nonmetals
The answer is C because it is between nonmetals
The moon accelerates because it is _____.
continuously increasing its speed of orbit
constantly increasing the diameter of its orbit
in a vacuum in space
continuously changing direction
please answer fast!!
The answer for your question is the first one
The moon accelerates because it is continuously increasing its speed of orbit
In France, grapes are 1.75 Euros per kilogram. What is the cost of grapes in dollars per pound if the exchange rate is 1.36 dollars to 1 Euro? ( Hint: covert 1 until at a time.) ( Remember: 1 1b =454g)
Answer:
$1.08/lb
Explanation:
You want the cost in dollars per pound of grapes that cost €1.75 per kg, given the exchange rate €1 = $1.36.
Unit conversionWe can multiply by a ratio that cancels units we don't want and leaves units we do want.
[tex]\dfrac{1.75 \text{ euro}}{1\text{ kg}}\times\dfrac{0.454\text{ kg}}{1\text{ lb}}\times\dfrac{\$1.36}{1\text{ euro}}\approx\boxed{\$1.08\text{ per lb}}[/tex]
which of these can be classified as a substance A) oxygen B) carbon dioxide C) air D) acid rain
D could be a answer
Answer:
carbon dioxide
Explanation:
the rest are mixtures
A chemical substance is composed of one type of atom or molecule.
How does an atom-88 become a strontium ion with a +2 charge?
Strontium atom loses 2 electrons to become an ion with 2 electrons lesser than its atom. Your answer is C.
When 412.5g of calcium carbonate react with 521.9g of aluminum fluoride,how many grams of each product can be produced
321.8 g CaF2
321.5 g Al2(CO3)3
Explanation;The equation for the reaction is;
3 CaCO3 + 2 AlF3 → 3 CaF2 + Al2(CO3)3
Number of moles of CaCO3 will be;
=(412.5 g CaCO3) / (100.0875 g CaCO3/mol)
= 4.12139 mol CaCO3
Number of moles of AlF3 will be;
= (521.9 g AlF3) / ( 83.9767 g AlF3/mol)
= 6.21482 mol AlF3
But;
4.12139 moles of CaCO3 would react completely with 4.12139 x (2/3) = 2.74759 moles of AlF3.
Thus; there is more AlF3 present than that, so AlF3 is in excess, and CaCO3 is the limiting reactant.
Therefore;
Mass of CaF2 will be;
(4.12139 mol CaCO3) x (3/3) x (78.0752 g CaF2/mol) = 321.8 g CaF2
Mass of Al2(CO3)3 on the other hand will be;
(4.12139 mol CaCO3) x (1/3) x (233.9903 g Al2(CO3)3/mol) = 321.5 g Al2(CO3)3
When 412.5 g of calcium carbonate reacts with 521.9 g of aluminum fluoride, approximately 322.1 g of CaF₂ and 345.5 g of Al₂(CO₃)₃ can be produced.
The reaction is:
CaCO₃ + AlF₃ → CaF₂ + Al₂(CO₃)₃
First, let's write the balanced equation:
3CaCO₃ + 2AlF₃ → 3CaF₂ + Al₂(CO₃)₃
Now, let's calculate the number of moles of each reactant:
n(CaCO₃) = 412.5 g / 100.09 g/mol = 4.12 mol n(AlF₃) = 521.9 g / 83.98 g/mol = 6.22 mol
Since the reaction requires 3 moles of CaCO₃ for every 2 moles of AlF₃, the limiting reactant is CaCO₃.
Now, let's calculate the number of moles of each product:
n(CaF₂) = 4.12 mol (CaCO₃) × (3 mol CaF₂ / 3 mol CaCO₃) = 4.12 mol n(Al₂(CO₃)₃) = 4.12 mol (CaCO₃) × (1 mol Al₂(CO₃)₃ / 3 mol CaCO₃) = 1.37 mol
Finally, let's calculate the mass of each product:
m(CaF₂) = 4.12 mol × 78.07 g/mol = 322.1 g m(Al₂(CO₃)₃) = 1.37 mol × 258.99 g/mol = 354.5 g
So, 322.1 g of CaF₂ and 354.5 g of Al₂(CO₃)₃ can be produced.
Every cell in the body needs oxygen for a chemical reaction called what?
cellular respiratory.
Hope that helps! :)
Your body cells use the oxygen you breathe to get energy from the food you eat. This process is called cellular respiration. During cellular respiration the cell uses oxygen to break down sugar. Breaking down sugar produces the energy your body needs.
PLEASE HELP ASAP ONE MORE QUESTION !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Which of the following is a direct result of technological advances in farming techniques?
A.
The United States can produce enough food to feed all the people in the world.
B.
The average life expectancy in the United States is beginning to decrease.
C.
Heart disease is the leading cause of death in industrialized countries.
D.
The percent of the population with type II diabetes has increased in the past few decades.
A. The United States can produce enough food to feed all the people in the world. is your best answer, and is the only logical answer.
It is the only answer that actually has the word "food" in it, and is a direct result of farming technological advances.
~
Given 6.98 x 10 4 power grams of iron, calculate the moles of iron present
Answer:
1249.88 mol.
Explanation:
∵ no. of moles of Fe = mass of Fe/atomic weight of Fe.
∴ no. of moles of Fe = (6.98 x 10⁴ g)/(55.845 g/mol) = 1249.88 mol.
Carbon atoms form ____ (2,3,4) bonds with other atoms by _____ (gaining, losing, sharing) valence electrons in order to attain a stable configuration
Answer : Carbon atoms form 4 bonds with other atoms by sharing valence electrons in order to attain a stable configuration.
Explanation :
The given element is, Carbon
The element carbon with symbol (C) having the atomic number 6 and the atomic mass 12.
The number of electrons in carbon atom is, 6
The electronic configuration of carbon will be, [tex]1s^22s^22p^2[/tex]
The number of valence electrons in carbon atom = 2 + 2 = 4
That means carbon atom have the ability to form four bonds with the other atoms by the sharing of four valence electrons in order to achieve a stable electronic configuration.
For example : Carbon atom share their four valence electrons with four hydrogen atoms that has one valence electron to form a methane molecule, [tex]CH_4[/tex] and carbon and hydrogen are bonded by the covalent bond.
Carbon atoms form 4 bonds with other atoms by sharing valence electrons in order to attain a stable configuration.
Each element has a given "electronic configuration", in its ground state, and elements with similar external electronic configurations behave similarly in many respects.
The main characteristic of the carbon atom is concatenation, that is, the ability to bond or unite with itself, forming large chains or very stable rings.
The carbon atom forms four covalent bonds, sharing its four valence bonds, they can be single, double or triple.Carbon when tetrahedrally linked by four simple bonds to four other carbons or hydrogens, does not have unshared pairs of electrons and therefore is not susceptible to attack by electron deficient atoms.Therefore, we can conclude that carbon atoms form 4 bonds with other atoms by sharing valence electrons in order to attain a stable configuration.
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Describe a protein molecule.
Answer:
Explanation:
Proteins are made up of amino acids. Amino acids are the simply the monomeric units of proteins. An amino acid is bifunctional in that it carries an amino group(-NH₂) and a carboxyl group(-COOH) attached to a carbon atom in a molecule.
Amino acids can form long polyamide chains that makes up proteins. A peptide bond binds an amino group of the first amino acid molecule with the carboxyl group of the second amino acid molecule.
Proteins are high polymers made up of one or more peptide chains.
How do forces in nuclear and chemical reactions differ
Nuclear reactions involve changes in the nucleus of an atom, while chemical reactions involve a transfer or sharing of electrons. The energies released in nuclear reactions are much greater than those in chemical reactions. Nuclear reactions are not affected by changes in environmental conditions, unlike chemical reactions.
Explanation:Nuclear reactions differ from chemical reactions in several ways. In chemical reactions, atoms become more stable by participating in a transfer or sharing of electrons. On the other hand, nuclear reactions involve changes in the nucleus of an atom, resulting in the production of a different element. The energies released in nuclear reactions are much greater than those involved in chemical reactions. Additionally, nuclear reactions are not significantly affected by changes in environmental conditions, such as temperature or pressure.
Inferences are A. never made by scientists. B. questions that are made by studying conclusions or predictions. C. exactly the same as observations. D. conclusions or predictions that are made by studying observations.
The Answer Is D. Have A Great Day
Which of the following is a subsurface event that takes place during the rock cycle? (6 points)
Cementing
Erosion
Melting
Weathering
Answer: the answer is letter c. melting
Answer:
C melting
Explanation: we can eliminate 2 right off the bat eroison and weathering you can eliminate them because their above ground and subsurface means below the surface. You eliminate cementing because it wants in the deeper section of the earth.
What is the sum of protons and neutrons in an atomic nucleus?
A: Mass Number
B: Charge Number
C: Balance Number
D: Atomic Number
It is the atomic number. So it is D.